Chapter6Lauguage.ppt

1、Language,副词的主要作用: 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子, 说明时间、地点、程度和方式等。,Adverbs 副词,1) 时间和频度副词: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday.,2) 地点副词: here,

2、there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round, around, near, off, past, up, away, on.,3) 方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly. 4) 程度

3、副词: much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly.,5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6) 关系副词: when, where, why. 7) 连接副词: therefore, moreover, however, otherwise, then.,副词的用法,方式副词表示行为动作发生的方式, 常可回答how引导的问句。,1. 1) 英语中有大量方式副词, 说明行为方式(回答how的问题)：

4、 She gently refused to accept the gifts.她委婉地拒绝接受那些礼物。 How beautifully your wife dances! 你夫人舞跳得真美！,今天我们主要讲方式副词和程度副词,2) 还有相当多的副词, 表示某些情绪： She smiled gratefully. 她感激地笑了笑。 He looked at her sadly. 他凄然地看了看她。,3) 还有一些以-ly结尾的副词, 表示动作发生的状况： He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。 I only met her accidentally. 我

5、只是偶然碰见她的。,2. 程度副词和强调副词 1) 程度副词可修饰动词, 表示“到某种程度”： He loved his mother dearly. 他深爱他的母亲。 I strongly object to your saying that. 我强烈反对你这样说话。 Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗？,这类副词除修饰动词外, 还可修饰形容词(a)和另一副词 (b): a. fairly simple 相当简单 awfully sorry 非常抱歉 truly grateful 确实很感激 b. fairly smoothly 相当顺利地 know fully well 完全

6、清楚 do it very quickly 干得很快,2) 强调副词和程度副词很接近, 有些就是程度副词。它们主要是对所修饰的动词(a)、形容词(b)加以强调： a. I quite agree. 我完全同意。 He knew absolutely nothing. 他是毫无所知的。 Your attitude simply amazes me. 你的态度简直使我吃惊。,b. Youre entirely wrong. 你完全错了。 Shes perfectly correct. 她完全正确。 The food is just wonderful. 这饭菜简直好极了。,3) much是一个特殊

7、的程度副词, 它可以： a. 修饰副词(特别是用在否定句中)： She didnt talk much. 她不怎么说话。 I dont much like the idea. 我不大喜欢这个想法。 Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。,b. 修饰形容词； Im not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。 Im very much afraid that she wont come. 我很担心她不来。,c. 和形容词或副词的比较级或最高级连用： You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。 Their house is

8、much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。,d. 和how, so, too等词连用： How much do you like him? 你喜欢他到什么程度？ He would so much like to go. 他会很想去的。,close与closelyclose意思是“近”; closely意思是 “仔细地”。 He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.,兼有两种形式的副词,2) late与latelylate意思是 “晚”; lately 意思是“最近”。You have come too late.What

9、 have you been doing lately?,3) deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”, 表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度, “深深地”。He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.,4) high与highlyhigh表示空间高度; highly表示程度, 相当于much。The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.,5) wide与widelywide表示空间宽度; wide

10、ly意思是 “广泛地”, “在许多地方”。He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.,6) free与freelyfree的意思是“免费”; freely 的意思是“无限制地”。You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.,形容词与副词同形, 但它们的功能却不相同。凡是修饰名词的是形容词，否则就是副词。,1) He is a hard worker in the factory.

11、,Though he studies English hard, he hasnt passed it.,adj. 勤劳的,adv. 努力地,2) They went to Shanghai by a fast train. He runs so fast that I cant catch up with him.,adj. 快的,adv. 快得,3) The workers put up a straight road last year. The road runs straight for twenty miles.,adj. 笔直的,adv. 笔直地,常见的同形形容词和副词还有：br

12、ight, deep, high, far, fair, slow, late, long, sound, enough等。,形容词变副词的规则,一般在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly。,以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。 如: busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily,某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e 结尾和以-ue结尾的

13、形容词要先去 掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如: terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来, 如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) 此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如: part-partly。,注意: friendly; motherly; lovely daily 等词是形容词而非副词。,1. How do Happy s tanks of Ghost fish sell? They _ _. 2. How should the children watch the fish tank? Th

14、e should _ it_.,sold quickly,watch,closely,Look back at the story about Happy and complete the answer to each question with a verb and an adverb.,A,3. How should the children sit? They should _ _. 4. How did the children leave the room? They _ _ from the room.,sit quietly,rushed,excitedly,There is t

15、rouble at Happys pet shop. Happy is thinking. lm losing all my customers. My staff work slowly. They listen to customers impatiently and speak to them rudely. They make mistakes with customers bills. They dress badly, and they never smile. l must speak to them.,B1,accurate cheerful happy fast well c

16、areful patient polite bad I want you all to listen to me (1) _. You are doing (2) _ so we are losing all our customers. In future, I want you all to smile (3) _ at our customers. I want you to listen to them (4) _ and speak to them,carefully,badly,patiently,B2,cheerfully,(5) _. I want you to work(6)

17、 _and add up all bills (7) _. Customers dont like mistakes. Finally, I want you all to dress (8) _. Do all these things, and well work (9) _together.,politely,fast,accurately,well,happily,Everyone dresses neatly.,You are serving all the customers quickly.,The staff are all doing well.,1. staff/be/al

18、l/do/well,2. everyone /dress/neatly,3. you/be/all/serve/customers/quickly,C2,Rose always speaks politely to everyone.,Terence smiles cheerfully all the time.,You are listening to all the customers patiently.,4. Rose/always/speak/politely/everyone,5. Terence/smile/cheerfully/all the time,6. you/be/al

19、l/listen/customers/ patiently,You are adding up all bills accurately.,The customers are leaving the shop happily.,7. You/be/all/add up/bills/accurately,8. customers/leave/shop/happily,The business is increasing fast.,9. business/be/increase/fast,10. next month/ I shall / definitely/ raise /pay,Next

20、month, I shall definitely raise your pay.,1. Tina isnt a _ friend of mine. I feel _ sorry for this A. truly; truly B. true; truly C. truly; true D. true; true,解析:考查形容词和副词的用法。本句意为“Tina不是我的真正的朋友, 这让我感到很难过”。 答案B,Boys lonely B. lonely; alone C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone,解析: 考查alone与lonely的用法区别。 alo

21、ne是“独自一人的”意思, 既可用作形容词, 也可用作副词, 可做宾语补足语或状语。lonely是形容词, 表示人的感情, 意为“寂寞的”、“孤独的”。本题句意为“当我一个人生活的时候, 我时常感到孤独寂寞”。答案A,4. Jim is _ at all his lessons. And Im sure hell do very _ in the exams. A. well, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good ,解析: good为形容词, 如：He is good. 他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词, 如：He

22、is well。他身体不错。 而作为其他意思时为副词, 如：He speaks English well. 答案 B. ,5. The young man on the motorbike was not _ hurt A. good B. bad C. badly D. ill,解析: 考查bad和badly的区别。bad意思是形容词, 有“坏的”、“糟糕的”, 它可做定语或表语。badly是副词, 可做状语修饰实义动词。本题为被动结构, “was not badly hurt” 意为“伤得不厉害”。答案C,6. Now open your books, please. Read the passage as _ as you can. Then Ill ask you so