M1P3 Grammar2 Subject and Verb Agreement.ppt

1、Module 1,Grammar 2,Subject and verb agreement,学习句子中主谓语的 一致。,The police are searching for him. Some sheep are over there. Five minutes is enough to do this exercise. More than one student has seen this film. Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. Men of this kind are dangerous. Between the two wi

2、ndows hangs a picture.,My family lives in Cardiff. Our soccer team is fantastic. The whole class is here. Neither Amy nor Helen is English. None of them has arrived yet. Each of them has a capital city. Neither of them is English.,1. 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数，由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念

3、时，谓语动词用复数。 The worker and writer is from Beijing. (那个工人兼作家) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家),Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada. Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.,常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有： the needle and thread 针线salt and water盐和水the folk and kn

4、ife 刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁 time and tide 岁月,2. every one of, one of, each of, either of, neither of +复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Each of the students has a book. Each of the girls likes dancing. One of them has been abroad. Neither of the two boys is good at English.,one of复数名词定语从句结构 如果one前面没有限定词，这个句型中的“复数名词”是先行词，

5、定语从句的谓语动词用复数； 如果one前面有the only, the first, the last, the right等限定词修饰，则one是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。 John is one of the students who have the keys. John is the only one of the students who has the keys.,3. more than one, many a + 单数名词作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常用单数。(形单意复) More than one student has tried. Many a student

6、and teacher is watching the football match. Many a man has died in the war.,4. each/every/no/many a + 单数名词 and each/every/no/many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 1. Each book and each paper is foundin its place. 2. Every boy and every girl has the rightto receive education. 3. Many a boy and many a girl has se

7、enthese paintings. 4. Every hour and minute is important. 第二个each, every, many a可以省略。,5. a+单数名词+and a half， a+单数名词+or two 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 1. A year and a half has passed. 2. A day or two is enough. one or two +复数名词, one and a half +复数名词作主语，谓语用复数。 1. One or two boys know it. 2. One and a half months ha

8、ve passed since I saw him. 3. A month and a half has passed since I saw him.,none of.结构作主语： 指代不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数； 指代复数名词作主语，强调全体，谓语用复数更好一些； 着重个别，则用单数较好。 None of the money is yours. None of us have/has ever been abroad.,6. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present. All the food tastes goo

9、d.,7. “a number of复数名词”作主语， 谓语用复数; “许多” “the number of复数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。“的数量” The number of traffic accidents has increased. A number of children like this song.,the quantity of + 复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用单数。 a quantity of +复数名词, 谓语用复数。 a quantity of +不可数名词, 谓语用单数。 quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用复数。,8. Quantity/ie

10、s of +名词复数/不可数名词,The quantity of books in the library is amazing. A large quantity of beer was sold out. Quantities of tea were sold last month.,9. population 做主语指人口,谓语用单数；指人的行为、居民等，谓语常用复数；分数/百分数+ of the population做主语，谓语用复数。 The population of the village is 538. One third of the population here are

11、workers. 10. the Olympic Games, the Asian Games 做主语，谓语用复数。 The Olympic Games are held every four years.,half most enoughpartthe rest the last lots some plenty 分数百分数,+of +名词作主语,谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词保持一致。,11.,1. Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. 2. Three-fourths of the surface of the ea

12、rth is covered by sea. 3. Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war. 4. Forty-five percent of the doctors were women. 5. Only 40 percent of the students in the class are boys.,12. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, majority, crew, audience, governmen

13、t, public, group, committee等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers. The committee was made up of 10 members. The committee were in the hall.,The team is the best in the league.这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths.足球队队员们在洗澡。 This class consists of 45 stu

14、dents. Mr. Green teaches it. This class are all diligent. Mr. Green teaches them.,1. His family _ a small one 2. His family _ fat and short A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is 此题应选C。family是一个集合名词，具有单数(侧重指整体)和复数(侧重指个体)两种可能。,但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数)：clothing衣服，poetry 诗歌，bagg

15、age/ luggage 行李，furniture家具，scenery 景色等。 2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲口等。,3. goods, clothes, glasses, shoes, scissors及trousers, chopsticks, compasses等以复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复数； 4. news, politics, maths, physics, plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语，谓语用单数。 The goods belong to Mr. Wang. No news

16、is good news. My trousers are new.,13. “theadj./v-ed/v-ing”作主语 the + dying, young, old, blind, rich, sick, wounded, poor及dead等词，相当 于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作主 语时谓语用复数。 The old in China are living a happy life. The wounded have been saved. The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.,14. 表示时间、距离、钱额、重量

17、、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数。,1) Eight hours of sleep is enough. 2) A hundred miles is a long distance. 3) Ten pounds was missing from my pocket. 4) Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.,15. 动名词、不定式、从句做主语 1) 单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语用单数。 Making speeches is not her strong point. Growing flowers nee

18、ds constant watering.,2) 由and连接的两个(或多个)动名词或不定式作主语 如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似，谓语用单数； 如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。 Lying and stealing are not right. To love and to be loved is sweet to me. Weeping and wailing does nothing towards solving the problem.,3) 由that, where, when, whether, how等词引导的名词性从句作主语，主句的谓语常用单数形式。 How they

19、can finish their work is still unknown. Where we will go has not been decided.,When and where to hold the meeting _ not decided. When to hold the meeting and where to have lunch _ not decided.,is,are,4) 由what引导的名词性从句作主语，谓语一般用单数(表语是复数时也可用复数)； What they are after is money. What we want are/is promises

20、. What he says and (what he) does do not agree.,16.由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致-就近原则。 Not only he but also I am invited. I or his brothers were to blame. Neither I nor he is to attend the meeting. Not only the students but also their teacher i

21、s enjoying the film.,Not only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be,析: 由“or, eitheror, neithernor, notbut, not only but also” 连接两 个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主语保 持一致。,17. 当 there be/here be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 1. There is a pen, a knife and several b

22、ooks on the desk. 2. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3. Here is a letter and a book for you. 4. There are three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.,18. 主语后跟 “with, along with, together with, like, unlike, besides, but, except, including, as well as,

23、 as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, and not +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。 1. The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. 2. Tom, as much as you, was responsible for the loss. 3. He more than you is anxious to go there.,19. 谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?,We Chinese _ a hard-working peopl

24、e A. is B. are C. is being D. are being,此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。,注意以下类似例子： 1. These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim. 2. The planets were the object of his study. 3. The most important thing I need is books. 4. The countrys le

25、ading export is watches. 5. The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies.,Review,复习主谓一致。 subject and verb agreement,1. _ you or he the teacher of English? Neither my sister nor my mother _ present at the meeting. A. Are, was B. Is, were C. Are, are D. Is, is 2. When and where to build the new

26、 factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,单选,3. One or two days _ enough to see the city. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. A. is B. are C. am D. be,5. Not the teacher, but the

27、 students _ looking forward to seeing the film. A. is B. are C. am D. be 6. His “Selected Poems” _ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been D. have been,7. A woman with some children _ soon. A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come 8. No one except my parents _ anything about t

28、his. A. know B. knows C. is known D. are known,9. The teacher as well as the students _ the book already. A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading 10. All but one _ in the accident. A. was killed B. were killed C. will be killed D. are killed,11. The number of people invited _fifty, but

29、 a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 12. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are,13. Mathematics _ the language of science. A. is B. are goi

30、ng to be C. are D. were 14. A good deal of money _ spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been,15. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 16. _ turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves,17. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C

31、. have known D. is known 18. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were,1. Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ invited. (2008 陕西) A. were B. have been C. has been D. was 2. The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills tha

32、t _ newly published in America. (2009 四川) A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was,实战高考,3. Why does the lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water_. (2009 福建) A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 4. Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. (2009 湖南) A. are B. is C. have D. be,5. At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. (2009 江