常用统计学词汇

1、aacceptance region接受区域adjusted校正的allocation配置、布局alternative hypothesis备择假设* analysis of variance方差分析* analysis of covariance协方差分析anocovaanalysis of covariance* anovaanalysis of variancearithmetic mean算术平均值association关联性* assumed mean假定平均值* asymmetric distribution非对称分布autoregressive自回归（的）averages平均量b

2、bar chart条线图bartletts test巴特利特检验* bayes, -ian贝叶斯的、贝叶斯beta function贝塔函数between（间）内bias偏倚biased question有偏质问* binomial distribution二项分布binomial theorem二项定理bioassay生物鉴定法bivariate normal distribution二元正态分布blind test盲检法bonferronis inequalitybonferroni不等式bootstrap自助法box-cox transformationbox-cox变换ccanonic

3、al correlation典型相关case control study案例对照研究categorization分类categorize分类category类别causality因果关系central limit theorem中心极限定理chebyshevs inequality切比雪夫不等式2-statistic2统计量2-test2检验classification分类cluster analysis聚类分析coding编码coefficient of concordance一致性系数coefficient of determination可决系数cohort同辈common factor

4、s公共因子，公因数communality公因子方差、公共因子方差comparison比较component成分* conditional probability条件概率* confidence coefficient置信系数* confidence interval置信区间* confidence limits置信界限* confound, -ing混杂、混杂法* confounding design混杂设计* consumers price index消费物价指数consumers risk用方风险* contribution基值confirmatory确定的consistent, cons

5、istency一致（的）、一致性contingency table列联表continuous distribution连续分布control（group）控制、控制（群）convergence in probability概率收敛convergence in law （distribution）依法则收敛（依分布收敛）correction校正、修正correction factor校正因子correction for continuity连续校正correlation相关correlation coefficient相关系数correlation ratio相关比correlogram 相关图

6、covariate共变向量covariation共变criterion variable基准变量critical region判别区域* cross-section横截面* cross-tabulation交叉表* cumulative frequency累积频率cumulative distribution function累积分布函数* cumulative relative frequency累积频率curvilinear曲线（的）d* data数据* data analysis数据分析* degree of freedom自由度density密度density function密度函数

7、* dependent variable应变数* descriptive statistics描述性统计deviate偏差deviation偏、偏差（cf. standard - , mean -）dichotomous question二分搜索法discriminant analysis判別分析discriminant function判別函数discrimination判別discrete distribution离散分布distribution分布d.k.（dont know）dose-response curve（relationship）用量反应曲线（关系）double blind

8、test二重盲检法* downward trend下降倾向drop out脱落例durbin-watson statistic（ratio）durbin-watson统计量（比）eefficient, efficiency有效的、有效性* engels coefficient恩格尔系数entropy熵epidemiology流行病学* error误差error margin误差幅度error of the first kind（type i error）第1类误差error of the second kind（type ii error）第2类误差error term误差项estimable

9、可估的estimate估计量* estimation估计estimator估计量event事件exact probability test直接概率法* expectation期望* expected frequency期待度数experimental design试验设计* explanatory variable说明变量exploratory探索的exponential distribution指数分布fface sheetfactor因子* factor analysis因子分析* factor loadings因子输入量（系数）factorial effects析因效应factorial

10、 experiment析因试验fiducial probability置信概率filter, -ing滤子finite population有限总体fisher information 费希尔信息* fitting拟合fixed-effect model固定效应模型follow-up study追跡研究force of mortality死力fractional factorial design分步实施计划设计free-answer question自由回答法* frequency频率* frequency distribution频率分布f statistic（ratio, test）f 统

11、计量（f 比、f 检验）ggauss, gaussian高斯（的）* genetic algorithm遗传算法geometric distribution几何分布geometric mean几何平均值goodness of fit拟合优度greco-latin square正交拉丁方hharmonic mean调和平均hazard function故障率函数heteroscedastic, -ity异方差（性）* histogram直方图homoscedastic, -ity同方差（性）hypergeometric distribution超几何分布hypothesis假说i* indepe

12、ndence独立* independent variable独立变量infinite population无限总体input入力inspection检查interaction相互作用intercept切片* interval estimation区间推定* interval scale间隔尺度interviewee被调査者interviewer调査员interviewing method面试调查法item项jjacknife刀切法kkaplan-meier estimatekaplan-meier估计* kendalls rank correlation coefficients肯德尔等级相关

13、系数kullback-leibler information number库尔贝克-莱布勒信息函数* kurtosis峰度llag时间滞后large sample大样本latin square拉丁方law of large numbers大数定律（strong -, weak- ： 強定律、弱定律）least significant difference, lsd.最低显著性差异* least square最小二乘法* level of significance显著水平life table生命表likelihood似然linear discriminant function线形判别函数loca

14、l control局部控制logistic function逻辑斯蒂函数logit analysis（transformation）分对数分析（变换）log-linear model对数线性模型log-log对数log-normal distribution对数正态分布longitudinal经度的，纵的loss function损失函数mmahalanobis generalized distancemahalanobis广义距离mail survey邮送调査main effect主效应marginal边缘（的）markov, -ian马尔科夫（的）mathematical statisti

15、cs数理统计学* maximum最大（pl. maxima）maximuim likelihood estimate（estimation）最大似然估计（估计法）mcnemars testmcnemar测试* mean平均（值）* mean deviation平均偏差mean effect平均效应* median中位数meta-analysis元分析* minimum最小（pl. minima）missing value缺区值* mode众数model, -ing模型（建模）moment矩moving average移动平均multicolinear, -ity多重共线（性）multidime

16、nsional scaling（mds）多维换算multiple answer重复回答multiple choice多重选择multiple comparison多重比较* multiple correlation coefficient多重相关系数* multiple regression多重回归multi-stage sampling多阶段抽样* multivariate analysis多变量分析multivariate analysis of variance多元方差分析multivariate normal distribution多变量正态分布*manova multivariat

17、e analysis of variance* multiway table多路表n* nm table 表* nominal scale额定尺度non-central无心nonparametric非参数的normal approximation正态近似* normal distribution正态分布normal equation正规方程null hypothesis原假设oobservational error观测误差* observed frequency观测频率observed value观测值oc（operating characteristic）curve作用特性曲线odds奇od

18、ds ratio奇数比one-sided单侧1-way layout1 元布局法open-ended question可扩充解答法optimum allocation最佳分配法ordered classification顺序化* ordinal scale序数尺度orthogonal polynomial正交多项式outlier边际值output输出、结果ppaired comparison成对比较法panel survey固定样本调查parameter系数partial confounding部分混杂（法）* partial correlation coefficient偏相关系数pears

19、ons product moment correlation coefficient皮尔逊矩相关系数percentile百分数periodic周期的periodogram 周期图phi coefficient系数pie chart饼状图plot点图* point estimation点估计* poisson distribution泊松分布pooled variance estimate联合方差估计* population总体population correlation coefficient总体相关系数* population mean总体平均值* population variance总体

20、方差posterior probability（distribution）后验概率（分布）power（function）幂（函数）pre-coding预编码predicted value预测值* prediction预测predictive预测（的）presentation表示、表现（法）primary sampling unit第 1 次抽样的单位principal component, - analysis主成分（分析）prior probability（distribution）先验概率（分布）* probability概率* probability distribution概率分布pr

21、obability proportionate sampling概率比例抽样probit analysis概率单位分析process过程producers risk生产者风险projection pursuit投影寻踪proportion比例proportional hazard model比例风险模型prospective study远景调查qquartile四分位（数）quartile deviation四分位偏差* quality质qualitative定性的qualitative data定性的数据* quantity量quantitative定量的、计量的quota system定额

22、系统r* radar chart雷达图* random随机的random-effect model随机效应模型randomization概率化、随机化* randomness随机性random number随机数random sampling随机抽样random walk随机游动* range范围（区域）* rank秩* rank correlation coefficients等级相关系数ranking method秩评定法* rank-size rule秩规模规则rank test秩检验rating method比率法* ratio scale比率尺度* regression回归* reg

23、ression coefficient回归系数regression diagnosis回归诊断* regression equation（line）回归方程（直线）* rejection region拒绝区域* relative frequency相对频率relative risk相对风险reliability（coefficient）信赖性（系数）* residual残差response curve（surface）相应曲线（曲面）retrospective study追溯调查risk风险risk factor风险因素robust, -ness稳健的（性）* run取遍s* sample样本

24、* sample mean样本均值* sample size样本量（大小）* sample variance样本方差* sampling抽样sampling error抽样误差sampling interval抽样间隔sampling unit抽样单位* scales尺度* scattergram, scatter plot（diagram）点状图scheffes testscheffe检验score得分seasonality季节性secondary sampling unit第 2 次单位抽样serial correlation序列相关self-adminstration自管理semi-lo

25、g半对数sigmoid拟 s 型、s 状signal to noise ratiosn（信噪）比signed rank test带符号的秩检验* significance, significant显著（的）* significance probability显著概率simple random sampling简单随机抽样* simple regression简单回归single replication1 次重复size proportionate allocation比例布局法skewed斜的* skewness失真slope斜率spectral window谱窗spectrogram谱图sp

26、ectrum谱* spearmans rank correlation coefficients斯皮尔曼等级相关系数* spurious correlation伪相关square平方* standard deviation, s.d.标准方差* standard error标准误差* standard score标准得分start number起始编号* stationary平稳的* statistic（for inference）统计量（统计推论的）statistical统计的statistically significant统计显著的stem-and-leaf presentation茎叶表现stereotype陈腔滥调stochastic process随机过程* stratification分层stratified sampling分层抽样* stratum（pl. strata）层student(s)学生（的）studentized range学生化范围study研究sub-sampling二次抽样sufficiency充分性sufficient statistic充分统计量supervisor管理者surviva