中考英语阅读理解讲解加练习.ppt

1、阅读理解解题技巧点拨,一、先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。 二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。,阅读理解四步曲,三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点： 1 抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。

2、2抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 3 注意领会文章的寓意。,4根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答

3、案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。, 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 题干中有suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法

4、结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。,四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。,1. There would be a school party on Friday evening. The girls were talking about what they were going to wear The party was held on Friday evening. Groups of students ar

5、rived. The music began. The girls stood in a line on one side, and the boys on another side. Q: On Friday evening there would be _ (A) a school party (B) a school meeting (C) a sports meeting (D) a birthday party,(A),2.I won a prize for one of my paintings when I was fourteen. That may be why I went

6、 to art school four years later When left school, I got some money. I hope to become a full-time craftswoman. Q: When finishing school studies, the writer was about_ (A) 14 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 21,(D),3.One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was about six oclock, my wife found that we had l

7、ittle bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter, Kathy, to buy some. Q: One day Kaths parents invited some friends to_ (A) have breakfast (B) have lunch (C) have supper (D) have a party,(C),4.A shark is a large, dangerous fish. What will you do if you meet a shark while you are swimming? One ma

8、n who knows all about sharks has given some rules to help you swim safely in the sea. Q: This passage is about_ (A) what a shark is (B) the best place to swim in (C) how to swim safely (D) how to ride on sharks,(C),Again, in the modern world we use our brains (大脑) a lot. Even so, we still make use o

9、f only about 20% of brain. As time goes on, we shall have to use our brains more and more and we shall need larger ones! This may bring about a change too: the head will grow larger.,1. Peoples heads will grow larger in the future. This is because their brains_ (A) will grow faster than in modern li

10、fe. (B) will be used little. (C) will play an important part (D) will need more room than in the modern world.,(D),4. According to (依据) the above passage, which is the right picture of the man in the future ?,(A),(B),(C),(D),(A),阅读理解题型,ture or fause,A,B,C or D,Answer the questions,典型例题分析根据内容，从短文后每题的

11、四个选项中选择最佳的一项。Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. Through the hole（洞）in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more（再一次）.Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brow

12、n saw is not the underground - fire. In fact, there are 260 coal（煤）fires in the world. They are harmful（有害）and dangerous. Then how to put them out?Scientists have tried to set（放置）fire to underground coal to speed up（加速）the fires. In this way, the burning（燃烧）of underground coal would be soon finished

13、.（被烧完）。,1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire _.A. at the age of sevenB. seven years oldC. in the year of 1898D. more than（超过）80 years ago 2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because _.A. it was in the holeB. it was very hotC. it was orange D. it was harmful 3. How ma

14、ny coal fires are there in the world?A. Theres only one.B. Its hard to say.C. There are 260.D. The article（文章）doesnt tell us.,A,B,C,4. Whats one of the best ways to put out（扑灭）the underground fire?A. To cover（覆盖）the holes with stones（石块）.B. To speed up the fires.C. To see the fires burning.D. To do

15、some experiments（试验）. 5. What is the best title（标题）for the article?A. Watching the Underground - Fire.B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires.C. The Burning Earth.D. Coal and Coal Fires.,B,B,分析 1. 在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。at the age of seven 等于when he was seven，故正确答案为 A 。 2这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为 B。 3这一

16、题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为 C。 4在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为 B。 5完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。文章从Mr Brown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为 B。,一、根据文章内容判断正误 Fred telephoned his wife. “Ive got two free tickets for the theatre tonight,” he told her. “Meet me out

17、side the office. Well have something to eat and then go on to the theatre.”Freds wife was very pleased. They hadnt been to the theatre for a long time. She met her husband as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets.

18、 “Its very strange,” he said. “They arent here!” “Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets werent there, either.Then Fred looked very embarrassed (尴尬). “Whats the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasnt go

19、ing home, I left it in the office!”,( ) 1. One day, Fred was given the tickets for the theatre.( ) 2. Fred and his wife went to the theatre quite often.( ) 3. Fred wanted to meet his wife in a restaurant.( ) 4. They reached the theatre neither late nor early.( ) 5. Then Fred couldnt find his tickets

20、 and remembered what he had done with the tickets.,1、T 因为第一段中提到Fred told his wife “Ive got two free tickets” “free” 此处是免费的意思。 2、F 第二段中提到“They hadnt been to the theater for a long time.” 3、F 第一段中Fred说“Meet me outside the office.” 4、T 第二段中“in time”是及时的意思。5T 结尾处提到的。,David McConnell sold books from door

21、 to door. Housewives(家庭主妇)were not interested in the books. Usually before he had enough time to say anything about his books, the women closed their doors. But he didnt give up. McConnell decided to bring each of them a present, a small bottle of perfume(香水)made by himself. He soon found that the w

22、omen liked the perfume better than the books. He stopped selling books to sell perfume instead and started his own company “Avon”, which is a great success.When you do nothing, you learn nothing. But when you try, even though you are not successful, you will learn what doesnt work and that puts you

23、closer to what will work. It doesnt matter how many times you are not successful. It does matter that you will be successful one day.,Edison was not on the way to success until people bought his first invention. Success once is enough for Edison. And the same for yousuccess once is enough.( ) 1. McC

24、onnell was successful as a book-seller.( ) 2. McConnell hoped those women would buy his books if he brought them each a present.( ) 3. If you do nothing at all, you will never be successful.( ) 4. Edison was successful at the very beginning.( ) 5. The writer encouraged us to try as much as we can.,F

25、 T T F T,1、F 从第一段“He stopped selling books to sell perfume stead.”，可以判断出他在推销书方面并不成功。2、T 第一段第三行提到“McConnell decided to bring each of them a present,”。3、T 这句是第二段前两句的解释。 4、F 最后一段，第一句说明Edison 的发明被人们认可后才走上了成功之路。5、T 第二段中作者提出了自己的观点。,Have you ever held a toy balloon (气球)? They are very light. But there are

26、much bigger balloons. These balloons can fly very high up in the sky. They are big enough to carry people. They are called hot-air balloons. To make a hot-air balloon go up, turn on the burner (燃烧器). That will make the air inside the balloon hotter. Then the balloon will go up. To make the balloon g

27、o down, turn off the burner. The air inside the balloon will get cooler. Then the balloon will go down.,Underneath (在下面) the balloon there is a large basket. That is where the pilot (飞行员) and the passengers (乘客) go.The burner is just above the basket. You can stand in the basket and turn the burner

28、on and off. The balloon will go where the wind blows it. Do you want the balloon to go somewhere special? First make sure the wind is blowing the right way! People have been flying in hot-air balloons for over two hundred years. Before planes it was the only way of flying. Today people fly in hot ai

29、r balloons for fun. Some people like to race hot-air balloons. The first Hot-Air Balloon World Championship (锦标赛) was held in 1973.,( ) 1. A hot-air balloon is _. A. smaller than a toy balloon B. bigger than a toy balloon C. the same as a toy balloon D. lighter than a toy balloon,1、B 由“But they are

30、much bigger balloons.”可知。这里的比较级是与前面“a toy balloon”相比较。,( ) 2. Where will you sit if you want to fly in the balloon?A. Inside the basket. B. On top of the balloonC. Under the basket D. Inside the balloon,2、A 这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有燃烧器（也可叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，飞行员或乘客在

31、此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球总要随风向飞行。,( ) 3. You want the balloon to go up. So you will _.A. jump out if the balloon B. let the air out of the balloonC. make the air inside the balloon hotter D. let the air inside the balloon cool down,3、C 由第二段的叙述可知。,( ) 4. Now you are high up in the sky. If you want the balloon

32、go down, you will _.A. make your friends get out of the basketB. make a hole in the balloon with a knifeC. make the air inside the balloon hotterD. make the air inside the balloon cooler,4、D 由第三段的叙述可知。,( ) 5. Now everything is all right! The balloon is flying across the sky. Where are you going?A. T

33、owards the sun. B. To the seaside.C. Where the wind blows you. D. To the nearest mountains.,5、C 由第六段的叙述可知。,(4)Bob was happy. He was at a new school, and the other students were friendly. “Hi, Bob!” they said. But some students said, “Hi, Peter!” Bob didnt understand. He asked another student, “Why d

34、o some students call me Peter?”“Oh, thats easy to answer,” the students said. “Pete was a student here last year. Now he goes to a different school. You look like Peter. Some students think that youre Peter.”,Bob wanted to meet Peter. He got Peters address from a student and went to Peters house. Pe

35、ter opened the door. Bob couldnt believe his eyes. He looked really like Peter! Bob and Peter had the same colour eyes and the same smile. They had the same black hair. They also had the same birthday. And they both were adopted (领养) by two different families.Bob and Peter found out that they were twin brothers. Soon after the boys were born, one family adopted Bob, and an