2018年中考英语模拟试题(一)附答案和解析

1、2018中考英语模拟训练（一）一、完形填空：先阅读短文，然后从每小题的四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文中相应空白处的最佳选项。 AMarch 22nd is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance of water, but also calls on (号召) us to 1 and protect water. Today, were facing terrible water problems. Among them, wastewater problem is

2、 especially 2 . And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is “wastewater”. What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, factories, hospitals and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing the machines, taking showers and using the kitche

3、n. The rain also 3 wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have 4 harmful in it. _5_ must we treat (处理) wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence on our life. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the envir

4、onment. We must care for our environment and our own 6 . How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater 7 homes can be reused. Then there will be less wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned 8 it goes back to nature.( )1. A. dri

5、nk B. save C. carry D. watch( )2. A. easy B. popular C. small D. serious( )3. A. gets back B. hands in C. changes into D. picks up( )4. A. nothing B. something C. nobody D. somebody( )5. A. What B. Who C. Why D. How( )6. A. work B. interest C. health D. business( )7. A. on B. for C. with D. from( )8

6、. A. and B. whether C. after D. before BMulin is a small boy from HubeiHe is a（n） 9boyHis parents divorced（离婚）when he was two years oldHe lived with his 10 and grandmotherAt the age of 5，his father died of heart diseaseHe had to live with his grandmotherUnfortunately，there was 11 wrong with his gran

7、dmothers headHe 12 his grandmother wellAt the same time，he got good grades at schoolWhen he was ten，he took his grandmother to see a 13 in Wuhan with some peoples helpThey lived in Wuhan for a monthHe had 14 time to go out because he had to look after his grandmotherHe called 15 a Sunshine BoyHe 16

8、happy every dayBut when the reporter asked him 17 he was really so happyHe said he wasntHe didnt want to show his unhappiness to his grandmotherHe told the reporter that when he was unhappy，he wrote the unhappy things on the paper with which he folded a model 18 When the plane flew away，he felt rela

9、xedWhen the reporter asked him if he felt sorry to 19 so many lessons because of going to Wuhan，he said the lessons he missed could be learned later，but if his grandmother missed the best time to cure（治疗），there would be nothing to get the chance 20 What a good boy! We should learn from him( )9. A. l

10、ucky B. unlucky C. polite D. impolite( )10. A. mother B. father C. sister D. brother( )11. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything( )12. A. looked at B. looked up C. looked for D. looked after( )13. A. film B. program C. doctor D. friend( )14. A. few B. much C. many D. little( )15. A. he B

11、. himself C. she D. herself( )16. A. smelt B. tasted C. looked D. felt ( )17. A. that B. if C. where D. why( )18. A. bike B. train C. plane D. ship( )19. A. get B. catch C. miss D. forget( )20. A. back B. up C. off D. down二、阅读理解：AC篇，先阅读图表或短文，然后从每小题的四个选项中选出一个与图标或短文内容相符的最佳选项；D篇，先阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，从文后所给的五个

12、句子中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。 AAll through the winter, the Esquimaux(爱斯基摩人) live in houses made of snow. These small houses are very clean and white when they are new. They can soon turn dirty, but pieces of fresh snow make them new again. Sometimes the Esquimaux build their small houses with the wood that th

13、ey find along the seaside. However, they arent always so lucky. When they cant get wood, they use the snow. It is so cold that the snow becomes very hard, so the small houses are strong enough in the whole winter. The windows of these houses are not made of glass, but of ice.When the warm weather co

14、mes, the houses become water slowly. The Esquimaux get wet as they lie in bed, and often catch a cold. They are glad to get away from the small snow houses and live in their tens during the summer.( )21. The Esquimaux live in houses made of _ all through the winter.A. glass B. snow C. paper D. grass

15、( )22. Sometimes the Esquimaux build their small houses with the wood that they find _. A. in the river B. in the snow C. along the seaside D. in the mountains( )23. The Esquimaux live in their tents when _.21cnomA. the snow houses are dirty B. it is summer C. they get some wood D. it is springB Stu

16、dents in our school have a colorful school life. We have School Activity Week every year, On the wall of the teaching building are the posters from Grade 7, Grade 8 and Grade 9. Lets go and have a look!Be a Good Reader!Time: 13:30-16:30, Apr. 10thPlace: Reading HallImprove your reading skills and ge

17、t new ways of reading.Learn more about nature.Increase your knowledge and make new friends.For Free!Grade SevenInvite Your Fatherto Join Us!Time: 09:00-12:00, Apr. 12thPlace: Meeting HallJoin in the one-month “stop smoking” challengeKnow about how to give up smokingAsk your father to join us!For Hea

18、lth!Grade EightRaise Moneyfor Children!Time: 14:00-17:00, Apr. 14thPlace: School PlaygroundSave 30% on everything.Come and buy pens, dictionary and other school things.Look forward to your coming.For Children!Grade Nine( )24. The “stop smoking” challenge lasts _. A. one week B. one month C. on term

19、D. one year( )25. When we take part in the activity on Apr. 10th, we can do the following activities expect _.2-1-c-n-j-y A. buying school things B. getting new ways of reading【出处：21 C. improving reading skills D. learning more about nature( )26. If a pen in the shop is ten yuan, we can pay only _ y

20、uan for it in our school on Apr. 14th. A. eight B. seven C. three D. two CChina has been famous around the world since ancient times. In the past, we had the Four Great Inventions. Nowadays, more inventions and creations have made China stronger and greater in the world.On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai

21、 Pudong International Airport, Chinas first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true, Its a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 companies ha

22、ve already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020. It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.Whats more, China is working on the new high-speed trains with the highest speed of 400

23、km/h. It will be ready by 2020. The new trains are expected to push area cooperation(合作) and create new business for China and foreign countries. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to

24、 improve their railways with the help of China. Theyd like to get support in technology from China.China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution(贡献) to human, too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people, even of the people around

25、the world.( )27. The C919 will have a competition with _ and the new Boeing B737.A. the Airbus A320 B. the Boeing B777 C. the Airbus A380 D. the Boeing B787( )28. From the passage, we know that many countries in _are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to improve their railways. Southeast Asi

26、a North America Eastern Europe Central Asia South America the Middle East A. B. C. D. ( )29. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Over 32 companies ordered 570 C919 planes from China.B. Successfully, the C919 took off for the first time on May 5th, 2017.C. Many countries in Cen

27、tral Asia help China build high-speed rail lines.D. The high-speed trains with the speed of 400 km/h can carry more passengers.( )30. The passage mainly wants to tell us _. A. the Chinese scientists are better at science and technology than before B. the four Great Inventions makes China strong and

28、great in the world C. China has increased the international influence with its development D. China has produced the new high-speed trains with the speed of 400 km/h DFrom the Other SideLara and Tara are twins（31） but they are very different in everything elseFor example，hot food is Laras favorite，a

29、nd Tara has a sweet choiceHowever，this isnt the problem with the twin girlsThey always argued that the opposite one was wrong （32） ，while Tara insisted that mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up till midnight（33） To put an end to their fights，their parents decided to createa small dram

30、aThey wanted the girls to understand that they were both correct from their own point of viewTheir parents covered the girls eyes with black ribbons，and brought them to the dining room（34） Lara was asked to stand on one side of the board and Tara on the otherThey couldnt see the other side of itWhen

31、 the ribbons were taken away，they were surprised to see a huge board between themNow，their father asked Lara，Whats the color of the board？She replied，Its black!（35） She replied，Its white! The two girls began to argue againWhile Lara was confident it was black，Tara was sure it was whiteThen，they were

32、 asked to exchange（交换）their placesThey couldnt believe their eyesTara，who insisted it was a white board，saw a black oneSimilarly，Lara，who argued the board wasblack，was shocked to see a white oneThey understood that each of them was right in her own viewMost of us are like Lara and TaraWe are right m

33、ost times，but insist that others are wrong!AThey look like each otherBFor years，their arguments continuedCTheir mother asked Tara the same questionDIn the room，a big board was placed in the middleELara thought it was terrible to get up early in the morning三、综合填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。I

34、 once had an unforgettable experience that has affected and directed the way I think and act now.When I was about seven years old, my grandfather 36 (take) me to a fish pond on a farm and told me to throw a stone into the water. He told me to watch the circles created 37 the stone. Then he asked me

35、to think of myself as that stone. “You may create lots of circles in your life, but the waves 38 come from those circles will disturb（干扰）the peace of all the people around you,” he said 39 (serious). “Remember that your circle may spread to many other circles, meaning that your thoughts or actions m

36、ay disturb others 40 (life). You are responsible for what you put in your circle. If you want, the good or peace that comes from your circle 41 (send) to others. At the same time, the anger or jealousy（嫉妒）coming from your circle will also spread to other circles. You should allow the good feelings 4

37、2 (influence) others, not the bad ones, because you are responsible for both.”That was the 43 (one) time I heard my grandfather tell me these. I had realized that each persons 44 (happy) or anger can move out into the world. If we are filled with doubt or anger, we cannot create world peace. We spre

38、ad the feelings and thoughts that we hold inside, whether we speak about 45 (they) or not. These circles are spreading into the world, creating beauty or making troubles to other circles of life.36._ 37._ 38._ 39._ 40._41._ 42._ 43._ 44._ 45._四、书面表达。微笑是人类最美的语言。某英文报以“Smiles”为题，举办中学生征文活动。请根据下面的图标信息，写一

39、篇英语短文。内容包括：微笑的力量、你的微笑故事以及故事给予你的启示。提示：1、短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯； 2、短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名； 3、词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。Power of smiles (get on well, bring good luck, ) Your own story about smilesSmiles What youve learnt from the story ?SmilesA smile is the most beautiful language of human beings. 参考答案和解析： 一、完型填空

40、。 A【答案】1-5 BDCBC 6-8 CDD【短文分析】本文介绍污水的产生及对人的危害和处理，号召人们节约用水。考查学生对文章的整体综合理解能力和上下文逻辑推理的能力。1.【析】考查动词。根据大意介绍知道是节约和保护水资源，故选B。2.【析】考查形容词。从后一句污水是2017年的主题，因此知道是最严重的问题，选D。3.【析】考查动词短语，根据also知道是与前面相同的是下雨也产生污水，故选C。A是回来、收回，B是上交，D是拾起、支付、（开车）带人，均不合文意。4.【析】考查代词。污水是对人有伤害的，排除A和C，it是指污水，它里面应该是物质而不是人，故选B。5.【析】考查疑问词。根据后面的

41、回答，均是原因，即为什么必须进行浅水处理？故选C。该句有主语和宾语，当然排除A和B。6.【析】考查名词。既然污水对人体与环境有危害，那么我们就应该关心环境与身体健康，故选C，其它均不合文意。7.【析】考查介词。家中的污水进行再次使用，故选D，这可以根据41空前知道答案。8.【析】考查连词。工厂在排放污水前应该进行处理清洁，以减少对环境的污染，故选D。B【答案】9-10 BB 11-15 ADCDB 16-20 CBCCA【短文分析】本文是一篇记叙文文中讲述了来自湖北的一个小男孩为了给奶奶看病而不惜落下很多功课功课落下了以后还可以再补，但错过为奶奶治病的最佳治疗时间，则是终生难以弥补的。完形填空

42、是以阅读为形式，以上下文为线索，要以理解能力、词汇知识、语法知识、习惯用法以及分析判断能力为解题基础的9.【析】考查形容词辨析lucky幸运的，unlucky不幸的，polite有礼貌的，impolite没有礼貌的，结合下文的his parents divorced及his father died of等事件可知这是个不幸的孩子，故选B10.【析】考查名词结合下文his father died of heart diseaseHe had to live with his grandmother可知父母离婚后他和爸爸及奶奶一起生活故选B11.【析】考查不定代词something某事，通常用于肯

43、定句，anything任何事情，通常用于否定句和疑问句，nothing什么也没有，表示否定意义，everything每样东西，根据前文的unfortunately（不幸的是），可知奶奶的头有毛病，故选A12.【析】考查动词短语look at看；look up在字典中查询；look for寻找；look after照看，结合上文可知，奶奶的头有毛病，他把奶奶照看得很好，故选D13.【析】考查名词辨析film电影，program节目，doctor医生，friend朋友，结合下文记者对他的采访可知他带奶奶到武汉是来看医生的，故选C14.【析】考查形容词辨析few几乎没有多少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否

44、定意义；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数，little几乎没有多少，修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义，结合下文because he had to look after his grandmother可知他几乎没时间外出，故选D15.【析】 考查代词辨析句子主语为he，故可知他称自己为阳光男孩故选：B16.【析】考查动词辨析smelt闻起来，tasted尝起来，looked看起来，felt感觉，结合上文他称自己为阳光男孩，因此他每天都看上去很高兴，故选C17.【析】考查宾语从句引导词that连接陈述句，没有意义，有时可以省略；where哪里，强调地点状语，why为什么，强

45、调原因，if是否，连接一般疑问句，结合下文He said he wasnt可知记者问的是他每天是否真的如此高兴，故选B18.【析】考查名词辨析bike自行车，train火车，plane飞机，ship轮船，结合下文，When the plane flew away，he可知烦闷时，就把不高兴的事情写在纸上，然后叠成小飞机，放飞飞机故选C19.【析】考查动词辨析get得到，catch抓住，miss错过，forget忘记，结合下文because of going to Wuhan可知他肯定落下了很多功课，故选C20.【析】考查副词辨析back回来，up向上，off离开，down向下，get back

46、意为取回；拿回，结合句意如果他奶奶错过了最佳治疗时间，将不会有任何东西能换回这样的机会故选：A二、阅读理解A【答案】21-23 BCB【短文大意】本文介绍爱斯基摩人的生活居住环境和条件。21.【析】细节题。根据第一段第一句的the Esquimaux(爱斯基摩人) live in houses made of snow得到答案B。22.【析】细节题。根据第二段的第一句得到答案C。23.【析】细节题。根据最后一段的最后句live in their tens during the summer得到答案B。B【答案】24-26 BAB【短文大意】介绍三个年级在4月份各自开展的课外活动周。24.【析】

47、细节题。根据题干知道是八年级的活动，从中找到the one-month知道答案B。25.【析】信息归纳题。根据Apr. 10th知道是七年级活动，对照比较活动内容，知道A答案是九年级的内容，故答案是A。26.【析】简单计算题。根据pen知道是九年级活动，再根据Save 30%知道付款70%，因此计算得到7元，答案是B。C【答案】27-30 ABBC【短文大意】以航空和高铁为两例介绍中国现代科技技术在当前世界的地位和发展。27.【析】细节题。根据It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Bo

48、eing B737.得答案A。21cnjy28.【析】细节题，根据especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.得答案B。29.【析】细节归纳题。根据more than 23 companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes fro

49、m China.知道A不对；根据第二段第一句话知道B正确；根据57题知道C不对；根据第三段内容没有涉及高铁多装顾客，故D是错误的。30.【析】主旨题。选项A文章中没有涉及，错误；选项B是指过去而不是现在，根据第一段和最后一段，结合短文大意，判断是错误；选项C根据最后一段关键词science和technology及后面表述，知道它是正确的；选项D只是表述第三段的某一事实，不能概括全文，错误。D【答案】31-35 AEBDC【短文大意】这是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍劳拉和塔拉这对双胞胎对事情经常有不同的看法，父母通过一个实验让她们明白，她们都是站在自己的立场上看别人，都以为自己是对的，但是换个角

50、度也许你的看法不一定对，因此我们不要只站在自己的角度看待问题，要多些理解和宽容31.【析】 根据上句Lara and Tara are twins劳拉和塔拉是双胞胎及下句but they are very different in everything else但她们在其他方面都大不相同可知，中间应该是她们长得很像，选A32.【析】 根据上句They always argued that the opposite one was wrong 他们总是争辩对方是错误的及下句while Tara insisted that mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up till midnight塔拉坚持说早晨很新鲜，很难熬到午夜可知，中间应该是劳拉认为早