初中英语语法—连词.ppt

1、连词,稻田一中李培军,连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分，主要作用是连接单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。,连词,1.Marylikesmusic_Tomisfoundofsports.A.andB.butC.bothAandB2.Ifailedagain,_Iwontgiveup.A.andB.butC.so3.Thisismyfirstlesson,_Idontknowyournames.A.andB.butC.so,and:表对等“和、并且”but:表转折“但是”so:表因果“所以”,and,or,but,so基本用法,1.Whichdoyoul

2、ikebetter,apples,_pears?A.andB.butC.or2.Nowwehavenotime_money.A.soB.andC.or,or:1.用于疑问句,表选择2.用于否定句,表并列（肯定句用and）,3.Christine,Aileen_(和)Iaregoodfriends.Studyhard,_(否则)youllfallbehind.4.Areyoucomingbybus_(或者)onfoot?,and,or,or,1.Tryyourbest_youllmakemoreprogress.A.andB.butC.or2.Dontloseheart,_youllloseal

3、l.A.andB.soC.or,and和or都可以在祈使句中使用.and通常是比较好的结果;or则表示不愉快或不理想的结果.,and,or,but,so基本用法,1.Itsgettingwarmer_warmer.A.andB.butC.or2.Heorthetwins_theUSA.A.comesfromB.comefromC.isfrom4.NotTombutI_goingtogivethetalk.A.amB.isC.are,adj.比+and+adj.比表示越来越,AorB和notAbutB结构作主语时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。,and,or,but,so特殊用法,1.Although

4、Ihavepassedtheexam,_Iamnotpleasedwiththeresult.A.andB.butC./,and,or,but,so特殊用法,although和but不能同时出现。,“so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。例：-IlikereadingnovelswhenIamfree.有空闲时我喜欢读小说。-SodoI.我也是。“so+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词”表示对上文所说的情况加以肯定。意思为“确实如此”。-Heworkshard.他工作努力。-Sohedoes,a

5、ndsodoeshisbrother.他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此。,2.So的特殊用法,1.BothPeterandI_goingtoGuangzhou.A.areB.isC.am2.Eitherapplesorrice_Ok.Iamhungry.A.areB.isC./3.NeitherInormyparents_totellyouthetruth.A.wantsB.wantC.isgoingto4.NotonlyIbutalsoJane_surethatwellwin.A.isB.areC.am,bothand,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,以上结

6、构做主语，除bothand谓语要用复数外，其余都使用就近原则。,1、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。Theweatherhereis_toohot_toocold.2、她不但美丽而且聪明。Sheis_pretty_clever.3、不是你对就是我对。_you_I_correct(形容词：正确的).,neither,nor,notonly,butalso,Either,or,am,用适当的连词填空,连词练习,连接条件状语从句：,1、Youllbelate_(如果)youdontgetupearlytomorrow.2、Illcometoseeyou_(如果)ImfreenextSaturday.3、

7、Wellhaveapicnictomorrow_(如果)itdoesntraintomorrow.,*注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现”。,if,if,if,连词练习,连接时间状语从句,Iwascleaningthefloor_(当的时候)sheknockedatthedoor.Dickclimbedupintoatree_(一就)hesawthebear.Iknewnothingaboutit_(直到才)myfriendtoldmeyesterday.IhaventheardfromBill_(自从)wegraduatedfrommiddleschool.,when,assoonas,unti

8、l,since,连接原因、结果状语从句,YoushouldreturnthedigitalcameratoSally_shewillnotbeangry.A.sothatB.becauseC.before2.Hewashurt_badly_hehadtoseeadoctor.A.tootoB.sothatC.sothat3.Hetookoffhiscoat_itwastoohotintheroom.A.AndB.sinceC.but4.Solomissedthebus_hewaslateforschool.A.becauseB.soC.or,连接让步状语从句,Tomisstilldoinghi

9、shomework_itisverylate.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.if2.Ineverseemtoputonanyweight,_hardItry.A.thoughB.nomatterhow3.IenjoylearningEnglish,_ittakesmealotoftime.A.unlessB.althoughC.because4.IwillnevergiveuplearningEnglish_(即使)itisdifficult.,eventhough,1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：Ista

10、yedathomebecauseitrained.-Whyarentyougoing?-BecauseIdontwantto.2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：Ashewasntready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Icantbuyanyfood.3)for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch，forIwasfe

11、elingquitehungry.,as,because,since,for,连词用法比较,三者均可译为“在时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思，一般用as。WhenIcameintotheroom,Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.Shesangasshewalked.她一边走一边唱歌。注意：while可以表示对比关系

12、“然而”。Heisshortwhilehisbrotheristall.,when，while，as,连词用法比较,if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。例如：Iwonderwhether(if)youstillstudyinthatschool.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：.在不定式前。例如：Ihaventmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.用or并列两项以上时。例如：Idontnowwhetherhecomesornot.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。Itdependsonwhetheritwil

13、lbefine.那得看是不是晴天。.作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店,if,whether,连词用法比较,1)sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：ImsotiredthatIcantwalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.2)如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。例如：Heha

14、ssolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.,sothat,such.that,连词用法比较,1.Illtellyourfatherthetruthassoonashe_here.A.arrivesB.arrivedC.arrivesat2.Wedontknowifhe_usforthepicnic.Illcallyouifhe_.A.joins;comesB.willjoin;comesC.willjoin;willcome3.Nobodyknowswhenthewindows_.ButIlltellyouwhenI_theanswer.A.broke

15、;findoutB.broken;willfindoutC.werebroken;findout,连词用法练习,4.Youwontunderstanduntilyou_him.A.meetB.meetingC.willmeet5.YouwillfailinEnglish_youworkhard.A.becauseB.unlessC.if6.Justbecauseweareyoung,_weshouldworkevenharder.A.soB./C.but7.Ithasbeensevenyearssincehe_here.A.leftB.leavesC.leave,连词用法练习,8.Thelit

16、tleboy_whenIcamein.A.fallsdownB.felldownC.wasfelldown9.Wewerereadingwhentheteacher_in.A.cameB.comesC.iscoming10.Hebecameadoctorwhenhe_theuniversity.A.graduatedfromB.graduatefromC.graduatedfor,11.Tomworksinahospital_Maryworksinacompany.A.becauseB.untilC.while12.Whilehismotherwaswashing,he_hishomework

17、.A.doB.didC.wasdoing13.Thelittleboyfellalseepwhilehe_themusic.A.waslistenB.waslisteningtoC.listenedto,表示对比，“然而，而”,while表示“当的时候”。两个动词同时发生。必须使用延续性动词。,14.Hurryup,_youwillmissthetrain.A.andB.soC.howeverD.or15.Themountainwas_steep(陡峭的）_fewpeopleinourcityreachedthetop.A.soasB.sothatC.asasD.tooto,连词用法练习,用适

18、当的连词填空,1._theyarebrothers,theydontlooklikeeachotheratall.2.Thedresswasveryexpensive,_Ididntbuyit.3.-Doyouknow_Icouldpasstheexam?-Sorry,Ivenoidea.4.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,_hecantunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.,Although/Though,so,If/whether,so,连词用法练习,5.Thewarwasoveraboutayearago,_theAmericansoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwi