Unit-2-Learning-a-Language2.ppt

1、Unit2LearningaLanguage,PartIListening(2)Words,besidestheircoremeanings,areoftenusedcreativelyandhaveextendedmeanings;(3)Therearevariationsanddialectswithinonelanguage;,SummaryA.SummarizethestoryByclearingupthreemisconceptionsoflanguagelearning,theauthorintendstohelpthelearnersbecomeawareofthreeaspec

2、tsoflanguageandlanguagelearning:(1)languageisnotafixedunchangingthingandlearningalanguageisalifelongtask;(2)wordshaveextendedmeaningsinadditiontotheircoreones;(3)practitionersofthesamelanguagemaynotnecessarilyunderstandeachother.,ReadtheTextQuestionsforreadingcomprehension1.HowhastheEnglishlanguaged

3、evelopedintoitspresentform?-ItwasoriginallyaformofancientGerman.LateritcollidedwithaspecialkindofoldFrenchandwassubjectedtoseveralwavesofLatinandafloodofGreek.SomeotherlanguageshavealsoenrichedtheEnglishlanguage.,HistoryoftheEnglishLanguage,TheIndo-EuropeanslivedinBritain,callingthemselves“Celts”.,J

4、uliusCaesarandhisarmyconqueredBritainandthenativeCelticlanguagewasinfluencedbyLatin.,TheAnglesandSaxonsinvadedBritainandthelanguageofAnglesandSaxons(OldEnglish)cameintocontactwiththeCelticlanguage.,SaintAugustineintroducedChristianityintoBritainandhundredsofLatinandGreekwordsenteredOldEnglish.,TheVi

5、kingsattackedBritainandtheirlanguageNorsecollidedwithEnglish,TheNormanConquestbroughtadual-languageperiodinhistory(OldFrenchastheofficiallanguage),TheRenaissance(Thehumanisticrevivalofclassicalart,architecture,literature,andlearningthatoriginatedinItalyinthe14thcenturyandlaterspreadthroughoutEurope.

6、);ManyLatinandGreekwordscameintoEnglish,B.SummarizetheparagraphsParagraph1:Theauthoraguesthat,contrarytotheviewthatlanguagecouldbelearnedsystematicallywithclearultimatesuccess,learningalanguageisactuallyalifelongactivity.Paragraph2:TheauthorusestheEnglishlanguageasanexampletoshowthateverylanguageisa

7、complexaffair,andlearningalanguageisthus,metaphoricallyspeaking,anendlessvoyage.Paragraph3-4:Theauthordiscussesthesecondmisconceptionthatwordshavefixedandclearmeanings,andpointsoutthatwords,besidetheircoremeanings,arealsousedcreativelyandhaveextendedmeanings.Paragraph5:Theauthordiscussesthemisconcep

8、tionthatthespeakersofalanguagespeakexactlythesamevarietyandhavenoproblemsunderstandingeachother.Dialectusersofthesamelanguageinfactmaynotnecessarilyunderstandeachother,TextAnalysis1.wespeakandthinkasthoughthelanguageinquestionwereafixedunchangingthing.inquestion:beingtalkedaboutidiomsoutofquestion:n

9、oproblemoutofthequestion:impossible,notworthdiscussingEg:Whereisthemaninquestion?-WouldyouliketogohuntingonSaturday?-Ok,outofquestion.Anewbicycleisoutofthequestion-wecantaffordit.,Wordsspirit(fromPsyche,goddessofthesoul)5playCupidforsbactasmatch-makerforsb6behitbyCupidsarrowsfallinlovewithsb,7anIlia

10、dofwoesasuccessionofmiseriesIlliad-aGreekepicpoem(attributedtoHomer)describingthesiegeofTroy8sirenanapparatusformakingaloudandlongwarningsound:policesirens;firesirens,etc.(fromSirenswhosesweetsingingcharmedsailorsandcausedthewreckoftheirships)9PandorasboxalargenumberofproblemsorevilsPandora-thefirst

11、woman;createdbyHephaestusonordersfromZeuswhopresentedhertoEpimetheus(brotherofPrometheus)alongwithaboxfilledwithevils10Oedipuscomplex(inFreudianpsychology)anunconscioussexualdesirebyayoungboyforhismothercombinedwithhatredofhisfather,GrammarWork,1.Evenifitrainedintorrentstomorrow,Iwouldntstaythereall

12、daylong.2.Shewouldbepreparedtocomethepartyprovided/providingthatshecouldbringherdaughter.3.Iwonttellyourparentsaboutitonconditionthatyouapologizeforyourrudeness.4.Fredwillbeatschoolnextweekproviding/providedthathehasrecoveredfromhiscold.,5.Ifwedontwanttobelate,wedbettercallataxinow.6.Detergentscanth

13、armafabricprovided/providingthatitisproperlydissolved.7.Supposing/Supposeallthedoorswerelocked,howwouldyougetintothehouse?8.Supposing/Supposeyouwereleftonadesertedisland,whatwouldyoudofirstthen?,IfConditionals(Unreal),e.g.IfIweretenyearsyounger,Iwouldconsiderenteringthemarathon.IfIhadmetJohnsonyeste

14、rday,Iwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.Ifyoushouldcometonight,youwouldseeRachel.,Omissionof“If”e.g.Weresheyounger,shewoulddoit.Hadheknownheraddress,hewouldhavegonetoseeher.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Weretheytogohomeforholiday,Iwouldgowiththem.,VocabularyWork,a.LearnhowtoSAYwhispered/murmuredgently/sof

15、tlywhispered/murmuredgently/softlymutteredangrily/bitterly/irritably/furiouslyscreamedhystericallystutterednervouslyyelpedpainfullyb.givesb.atalking-to-scoldsb.talkshop-talkaboutworkallthetimetalkbehindonesback-saybadthingsaboutsb.whenhe/sheisnottheretalkdowntosb.-talktosb.asifyouweresuperiorsmallta

16、lk-socialtalkaboutordinaryorunimportantmattersatalkingpoint-asubjectoneveryoneslips,Translation,1.DidJameshavesupperwithyouonthenightinquestion?2.Thecoachwassatisfiedwiththeultimatevictoryofthematch.3.Toremovethelanguage(linguistic)barriersincommunicationamongthepeoplesoftheworld,manylinguistshaveem

17、barkedonthestudyofanewuniversallanguage.4.Theemergenceofjoint-ventureenterpriseshasincreasedouropportunitiestohavecontactwithforeigners.,5.Motheraskedhimtogatherupthebitsandpiecesofhisbelongingsfromthedeskandputtheminthedrawer.6.Theirargumentaroseoutofasmalljoke.7.Thepictureistooblurredformetoidentifythegirlinit.8.Ifsomeonecl