2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之主语从句

第1页（共1页）2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之主语从句一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2024春•天津期末）IntheChineseartfestival，______caughtmyattentionfirstwasa15th﹣centuryqinghuabowlinabreathtakingexhibitionofChineseporcelain.（）A．what B．which C．one D．it2．（2024春•西青区期末）_____Janedecidedtoreturntoschooltopursueherdreamattheageof60，istrulyinspiring.（）A．That B．What C．When D．Which3．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Itremainstobeseen______thetrafficregulationswilladapttotheactualsituationaftertheyarereleased.（）A．whether B．which C．that D．what4．（2024•河西区校级模拟）______issurprisingtousisthatTom，for______Englishwasonceboring，canspeakEnglishfluentlyasthoughhewereanativespeaker．（）A．What；whom B．What；whose C．It；whose D．As；whom5．（2024春•荔湾区校级期中）_______somestudentsarenotawareofis______difficultlifecanbeiftheyarenotdevotedtostudy．（）A．That；how B．Which；what C．What；what D．What；how6．（2024春•荔湾区校级期中）Icanassureyouisthatthereisnoproblemyoureport.（）A．What；sucha；as B．What；sucha；that C．Which；sucha；as D．Which；sucha；that7．（2024春•龙凤区校级期中）Moreover，______madeCunninghamgreatwashisdevotiontophotography，andthehoursandhoursofsheerhardwork______heputintohiswork.（）A．what；what B．which；which C．it；that D．what；that8．（2024春•河东区期中）______camelateyesterdaywasunknown.（）A．Whomever B．Who C．Nomatterwho D．Whom9．（2024春•河北区期中）Itisawell﹣knownfactthefacessomepeopleshowtotheworldmightbecompletelydifferenttotheirrealpersonalities.（）A．what B．that C．which D．when10．（2023秋•徐汇区校级期末）Itwasunbelievable________hedesignedwentbeyondtheexpectationsofeveryoneintheroom.（）A．that B．thatwhat C．what D．whatthat二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2024•嘉兴一模）Iwasthenewteacheratschool，andClarissa，afifth﹣grader，wasmessy.Clarissasawnoneedfor（1）."It'smyspace!"wasmostoftenher（2）whenrequestedbyclassmates.Sothedayswentbyandthe（3）begantoworsen."Clarissa，getyourpurseoutofthedoorway.I'mtiredoftrippingoverit!"they'dsay.I（4）shewasbeginningtokeepherselfawayfromherclassmates.Ihadtofinda（5）.OneafternoonwhenIsatatmydesklookingaroundtheroom，anideasprangintomyhead.Standingnearmydeskwasanoldand（6）filingcabinet（柜）.WhatifClarissahadsomespacethatwas（7）herown？Ibegantowork.Imovedherdeskandallherthingsnearthecabinet.Iselectedsomeclean（8）andcutoutaplacecard.OnitIwrote，"Clarissa'sSpace"and（9）itontopofthecabinet.Thenextmorningshecameintheroom（10），alreadyarguingwithaclassmate.She（11）hernewspacealmostimmediately.Quietlysheasked，"Isthismine？""It'sforyourthingsifyoufeellikeyouneedit，"Isaid（12），busyingmyselfwithpapersonmydesk.Clarissaspenttherestoftheyearkeepingherthingstogetherinherspace.（13）wasathandinourclassroom.Abeaten﹣upoldcabinetgaveagifttothischild，thegiftof（14）adifferentpathforsomeonetowalkwhomightbe（15）insomeway.（1）A．orderB．disciplineC．cooperationD．help（2）A．troubleB．chanceC．responseD．suggestion（3）A．managementB．discussionC．learningD．situation（4）A．admittedB．rememberedC．predictedD．realized（5）A．reasonB．solutionC．positionD．target（6）A．simpleB．emptyC．cleanD．open（7）A．uniquelyB．naturallyC．randomlyD．possibly（8）A．woodB．clothC．paperD．glass（9）A．spreadB．hidC．threwD．set（10）A．intimeB．asusualC．atonceD．onpurpose（11）A．checkedB．clearedC．spottedD．ruined（12）A．casuallyB．angrilyC．cautiouslyD．secretly（13）A．SilenceB．PeaceC．FreedomD．Fortune（14）A．choosingB．followingC．creatingD．showing（15）A．strugglingB．waitingC．developingD．coming三．阅读理解（共1小题）12．（2024春•马鞍山期末）Ahigh﹣endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst﹣classservice.Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.GoldenPassExpress，SwitzerlandGoldenPassExpresstakespassengersfromMontreuxtoInterlaken.It'sathree﹣hourridewithfourdeparturesaday.Theheatedleatherseatscanrecline（后倾）androtate（旋转）180degrees.They'realsoraised15incheshighertoboosttheviewsovervineyards，greenvalleysandblue﹣iceglaciers.Aone﹣wayticketcosts£115.LaDolceVita，ItalyLaDolceVitatrainservicetransportspassengerstoItalyofthe1960s.Therearealtogether30rooms—plusabarcarwherepassengerscanwatchappealingfieldsflybyasapianistplays.Avarietyofimpressiveoff﹣boardexperiencesareavailable，fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.Aone﹣wayticketstartsat£2，140.SpaciaX，JapanThistrainprovidesastylishwayofmakingthetwo﹣hourjourneybetweenTokyo'sAsakusastationandthecityofNikko.SpaciaXalsoincludescomfortablesofasandseats.Passengerscanappreciatethesceneryastheyshootpastmountains，waterfallsandtemples.TicketscanbeboughtonlineorfromanystationontheTobuline.Aone﹣wayticketstartsfrom£7.50.TheVietage，VietnamTheVietagerunsbetweenDaNangandQuyNhoninsupremecomfort.TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty﹣courselunchwithfreedrinks.Theticketpricealsoincludesahead﹣and﹣shouldermassage（按摩）.Aone﹣wayticketis£330.（1）WhichofthefollowingmakesLaDolceVitastandout？A.Comfortableseats.B.Variousoff﹣boardexperiences.C.Onlineticketbooking.D.Ahead﹣and﹣shouldermassage.（2）Whichoftherailroutesprovidesaheartylunch？A.SpaciaX，Japan.B.LaDolceVita，Italy.C.TheVietage，Vietnam.D.GoldenPassExpress，Switzerland.（3）Whatdothefourrailrouteshaveincommon？A.Thetraveltime.B.Theticketprice.C.Thesuperiorservice.D.Theadjustableseats.四．信息匹配（共1小题）13．（2024春•福清市期末）Howmanyadvertisementshaveyouseeninyourlife？（1）Advertisementsareagreatwaytomakepeopleawareofproducts，issues，andmore.Buthasadvertisingbecomeaproblemforsociety？Ifletmeratethecurrentonlineadvertisingrisks，Iwouldprobablygive2points.（2）Advertisingmakesusassociatehappinesswithconsumerism（消费主义）.Afterthey'veachievedtoruinourself﹣esteem（自尊），advertisementsaretryingtofoolusintothinkingthatonlyproductsandservicescanmakeusfeelbetter.（3）Whatisit？Youguessedright：Shopping.Oncetheyachievetomakeyoufeelugly，theysellyoubeautyproductssoyoucanimproveonyourugliness.Oncetheymanagetomakeyoubelievethatyouarenotimportant，theysellyouexpensiveclothessoyoucanattracttheattentionofothers.Andsoonandsoforth.（4）Wehaveaneconomicsysteminwhichpeoplehavetomakemoneyinordertosurvive—andthiscanbeclearlyseenintheadvertisingindustry.Byshowingyouwhattheideallifeissupposedtobe，andthenmakingyoucompareyourordinarylifetoit，theyslowlyleadyoutobelievethatyou'renotbeautiful，intelligent，confident，andsoon，untiltheyfullyconvinceyouthatyouarebasicallynotgood.Thereason？Tomakeyoufeelinsecuresothattheycanthenemotionallycontrolyou.Inshort，advertisementspromiseyouhappiness，providedthatyouspendmoneyinreturn.Theresult？（5）A.Advertisingpushesustomakemoney.B.Advertisingmakesusfeelthatwe'renotgoodenough.C.Sowhatexactlyarethemainproblemsofadvertisingonsociety？D.Theaveragepersonseesbetween280and310advertisementsperday.E.Withoutshopping，advertisementstellyouthatyoucan'tfindhappiness.F.Inotherwords，advertisementscreateaproblemandthenofferusasolutiontoit.G.Consumingstuffyoudon'tevenneedandleadingtowastethatispollutionourplanet.五．语法填空（共1小题）14．（2024春•商丘期末）Araretype（1）bottlehasbeenunearthedatthePeiligangsiteinthecityofXinzheng，CentralChina'sHenanprovince，providingarchaeologists（考古学家）with（2）earliestdatedartifact（文物）ofitskindinChina.Bottleswiththisunusualshape，（3）（feature）asmallmouthandpointedbottom，（4）（be）amongtherepresentativeartifactsoftheYangshaocultureandhavebeenunearthedatdwellingruins，ashpitsandburialsites.Therearevarious（5）（opinion）regardingtheirfunction，includingbeingconsideredavessel（容器）forwater（6）（collect），abrewingcontaineroraburialitem.AccordingtoLiYongqiang，associateresearcherattheInstituteofArchaeology，ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences，apreliminary（初步的）estimateofthe（7）（new）discoveredbottle'sageputsitasabout7，700yearsold.Itisover10centimeterslong，verycompactandmuchsmallerthanthecommonly（8）（see）small﹣mouthed，pointed﹣bottomedbottlesfromtheYangshaocultureperiod.TheYangshaoculture，datingback5，000to7，000years，wasaNeolithicculture（9）originatedalongthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver."ThisdiscoveryprovidesfreshandcrucialmaterialevidenceforexploringtheoriginanddevelopmentrelationshipbetweenthePeiligangculture（10）Yangshaoculture，"saysLi.六．翻译题（共10小题）15．（2024春•晋安区期末）WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.16．（2024春•辛集市期末）Personallyspeaking，whatIlikemostaboutAustraliaisthepeoplethemselves.17．（2024春•福州期末）许多游客和旧金山人也许最钟爱的是唐人街的美食。（用what引导主语从句）18．（2024春•南海区期中）人们普遍认为，情商高的人易接受新思想，对待生活积极乐观。（汉译英）19．（2024春•朝阳区校级期中）令我印象最深的是她遇到挑战时的勇气。20．（2023秋•广州期末）袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。21．（2023秋•东莞市期末）你能否成功取决于你的态度和决心。（用名词性从句翻译）22．（2023秋•长春期中）最让学生受益的是，阅读英语书籍可以帮助他们更好的理解英语。（what引导的主语从句）（汉译英）23．（2023秋•浦东新区校级期中）这座城墙是不是为了防御目的而建依旧不为人知。（remain）24．（2023•荔湾区校级开学）让他们感到惊讶的是，那是他头一次看电影。（主语从句，表语从句）七．书面表达（共1小题）25．（2024春•通化县期末）假定你是李华，你校科学俱乐部将放映科幻电影《地心游记》（JourneytotheCentreoftheEarth）。请你用英语给交换生Chris写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括：（1）电影简介；（2）放映时间、地点。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris，______Bestregards，LiHua

2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之主语从句参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2024春•天津期末）IntheChineseartfestival，______caughtmyattentionfirstwasa15th﹣centuryqinghuabowlinabreathtakingexhibitionofChineseporcelain.（）A．what B．which C．one D．it【分析】在中国艺术节上，首先引起我注意的是一件令人惊叹的中国瓷器展上的一件15世纪的清花碗。【解答】分析句子结构可知，____caughtmyattentionfirst作主语，为主语从句。主语从句缺少主语，was为系动词，a15th﹣centuryqinghuabowlinabreathtakingexhibitionofChineseporcelain作表语。因此用what引导主语从句。故选：A。【点评】充当主语的从句就是主语从句。主语从句是一个完整的句子作为主语，通过一个引导词来引导，如：that，whether，who，whom，whose，which等。2．（2024春•西青区期末）_____Janedecidedtoreturntoschooltopursueherdreamattheageof60，istrulyinspiring.（）A．That B．What C．When D．Which【分析】简决定在60岁时重返校园追求她的梦想，这真是令人鼓舞。【解答】分析句子结构可知，Janedecidedtoreturntoschooltopursueherdreamattheageof60是主语从句，从句结构和意思完整，要用连词that连接。A项正确。故选：A。【点评】考查主语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导主语从句及一些主语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。3．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Itremainstobeseen______thetrafficregulationswilladapttotheactualsituationaftertheyarereleased.（）A．whether B．which C．that D．what【分析】交通法规发布后是否能适应实际情况还有待观察。【解答】A.whether是否；B.which哪个；C.that那个；D.what什么。分析句子可知，It作形式主语，真正主语是后面的句子，空格处为主语从句连接词，从句不缺成分，缺"是否"含义，A项whether符合句意。故选：A。【点评】考查名词性从句时要注意分析句子成分。同时注意连接代词使用的原则，如果从句缺少主语、宾语或表语，一般用连接代词what，which，who，如果不缺主语、宾语或表语，则可能用that，或根据句意选用whether、if或其他连接副词。4．（2024•河西区校级模拟）______issurprisingtousisthatTom，for______Englishwasonceboring，canspeakEnglishfluentlyasthoughhewereanativespeaker．（）A．What；whom B．What；whose C．It；whose D．As；whom【分析】让我们惊讶的是Tom能够讲流利的英语就好像是他的母语一样．对他来说英语曾经很乏味．【解答】答案：A本题第一空是what引导的主语从句whatissurprisingtous，what在句中做主语．第二空是一个定语从句，whom指代Tom作为介词for的宾语．故A正确．【点评】任何一个从句的考查都主要考查的是连接词，定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that，which，whose，whom，as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where，why，how在句中做状语．5．（2024春•荔湾区校级期中）_______somestudentsarenotawareofis______difficultlifecanbeiftheyarenotdevotedtostudy．（）A．That；how B．Which；what C．What；what D．What；how【分析】有些学生没有意识到，如果他们不专心学习，生活会有多艰难．【解答】根据句意和结构可知这里使用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作宾语，is后面是表语从句，修饰difficult用how．故选：D．【点评】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断．6．（2024春•荔湾区校级期中）Icanassureyouisthatthereisnoproblemyoureport.（）A．What；sucha；as B．What；sucha；that C．Which；sucha；as D．Which；sucha；that【分析】我可以向你保证的是，不存在你所说的那种问题。【解答】分析句子结构可知，这是个主系表结构的句子。Icanassureyou是主语从句，从句缺直接宾语，意思是"事情"，要用what引导；系动词is后的that引导表语从句，该从句中又有such…as…引导的定语从句，意思是"像……这样的"，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中用作report的宾语，由于先行词problem是可数名词，是单数，前有such修饰，所以要用不定冠词a来限定。故选：A。【点评】了解句意，分析句子结构，对于多重复合句，要层层分析，理清关系。7．（2024春•龙凤区校级期中）Moreover，______madeCunninghamgreatwashisdevotiontophotography，andthehoursandhoursofsheerhardwork______heputintohiswork.（）A．what；what B．which；which C．it；that D．what；that【分析】此外，坎宁安的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的一小时又一小时的辛勤工作。【解答】分析句子结构可知，第一空是主语从句的连接词，从句中缺少主语，且表示的意思是"事情"，所以用what；第二空为定语从句的连接词，关系词在从句中作宾语，指代"一小时又一小时的辛勤工作"，所以用that。故选：D。【点评】分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清关系。8．（2024春•河东区期中）______camelateyesterdaywasunknown.（）A．Whomever B．Who C．Nomatterwho D．Whom【分析】昨天谁来晚了还不知道。【解答】分析句子结构可知，______camelateyesterday在句中作主语，是主语从句，该从句缺主语，根据句意可知，意思是"谁"，所以要用who引导该从句。故选：B。【点评】分析句子结构，了解句意，准确判断从句的类型，熟练掌握从句连接词的意思和用法，从而准确选择连接词。9．（2024春•河北区期中）Itisawell﹣knownfactthefacessomepeopleshowtotheworldmightbecompletelydifferenttotheirrealpersonalities.（）A．what B．that C．which D．when【分析】众所周知，有些人向世界展示的面孔可能与他们的真实个性完全不同。【解答】根据句意及分析句子结构可知，这是一个含主语从句的复合句，It是形式主语，该空位于主从句之间，起连接作用，从句成分齐全，意思完整，所以用that连接。故选：B。【点评】分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清关系。10．（2023秋•徐汇区校级期末）Itwasunbelievable________hedesignedwentbeyondtheexpectationsofeveryoneintheroom.（）A．that B．thatwhat C．what D．whatthat【分析】令人难以置信的是，他所设计的东西超出了房间里每个人的预期。【解答】根据"Itwasunbelievable"可知，此处需用固定句型Itwasunbelievablethat…，表示"令人难以置信的是……"，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的名词性从句；该从句中wentbeyond前缺少主语，需有连接词引导名词性从句作主语，这一主语从句中designed后缺少宾语，结合句意可知，该宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选：B。【点评】考查主语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导主语从句及一些主语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2024•嘉兴一模）Iwasthenewteacheratschool，andClarissa，afifth﹣grader，wasmessy.Clarissasawnoneedfor（1）A."It'smyspace!"wasmostoftenher（2）Cwhenrequestedbyclassmates.Sothedayswentbyandthe（3）Dbegantoworsen."Clarissa，getyourpurseoutofthedoorway.I'mtiredoftrippingoverit!"they'dsay.I（4）Dshewasbeginningtokeepherselfawayfromherclassmates.Ihadtofinda（5）B.OneafternoonwhenIsatatmydesklookingaroundtheroom，anideasprangintomyhead.Standingnearmydeskwasanoldand（6）Bfilingcabinet（柜）.WhatifClarissahadsomespacethatwas（7）Aherown？Ibegantowork.Imovedherdeskandallherthingsnearthecabinet.Iselectedsomeclean（8）Candcutoutaplacecard.OnitIwrote，"Clarissa'sSpace"and（9）Ditontopofthecabinet.Thenextmorningshecameintheroom（10）B，alreadyarguingwithaclassmate.She（11）Chernewspacealmostimmediately.Quietlysheasked，"Isthismine？""It'sforyourthingsifyoufeellikeyouneedit，"Isaid（12）A，busyingmyselfwithpapersonmydesk.Clarissaspenttherestoftheyearkeepingherthingstogetherinherspace.（13）Bwasathandinourclassroom.Abeaten﹣upoldcabinetgaveagifttothischild，thegiftof（14）Cadifferentpathforsomeonetowalkwhomightbe（15）Ainsomeway.（1）A．orderB．disciplineC．cooperationD．help（2）A．troubleB．chanceC．responseD．suggestion（3）A．managementB．discussionC．learningD．situation（4）A．admittedB．rememberedC．predictedD．realized（5）A．reasonB．solutionC．positionD．target（6）A．simpleB．emptyC．cleanD．open（7）A．uniquelyB．naturallyC．randomlyD．possibly（8）A．woodB．clothC．paperD．glass（9）A．spreadB．hidC．threwD．set（10）A．intimeB．asusualC．atonceD．onpurpose（11）A．checkedB．clearedC．spottedD．ruined（12）A．casuallyB．angrilyC．cautiouslyD．secretly（13）A．SilenceB．PeaceC．FreedomD．Fortune（14）A．choosingB．followingC．creatingD．showing（15）A．strugglingB．waitingC．developingD．coming【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为一名新老师的作者遇到了一个邋遢的学生Clarissa，她总是乱放东西，眼中没有秩序，和同学的关系很紧张。在意识到情况在恶化后，作者想出了一个解决办法，用一个文件柜打造出属于Clarissa的空间，让她放自己的东西，最终Clarissa改掉了乱放东西的习惯，班级恢复了平静。【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.order秩序；B.discipline纪律；C.cooperation合作；D.help帮助。句意：Clarissa觉得不需要秩序。根据上文"Clarissa，afifth﹣grader，wasmessy"可知，Clarissa很邋遢，会把东西乱放，因此是觉得不需要秩序。故选A。（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.trouble麻烦；B.chance机会；C.response回复；D.suggestion建议。句意："这是我的空间！"当同学们请求她时，她最常这样回答。根据上文"It'smyspace!"可推知，面对同学们的请求，Clarissa经常用这句话作为回复。故选C。（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.management管理；B.discussion讨论；C.learning学习；D.situation情况。句意：日子一天天过去，情况开始恶化。根据上文""It'smyspace!"wasmostoftenher（2）whenrequestedbyclassmates."可知，Clarissa并不理会同学们的请求，还是把东西弄得很乱，由此可知，这种同学之间不和谐的情况会恶化。故选D。（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.admitted承认；B.remembered记得；C.predicted预测；D.realized意识到。句意：我意识到她开始疏远她的同学了。根据上文""Clarissa，getyourpurseoutofthedoorway.I'mtiredoftrippingoverit!"they'dsay."可知，因为乱放东西，Clarissa和同学之间的关系更加紧张了，作者作为老师应该是从他们的对话中意识到了她在疏远同学。故选D。（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.reason原因；B.solution解决方法；C.position位置；D.target目标。句意：我必须找到解决办法。根据下文作者用一个文件柜打造属于Clarissa的空间可推知，作者在寻找解决问题的方法。故选B。（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.simple简单的；B.empty空的；C.clean干净的；D.open开放的。句意：在我桌子旁边的是一个又旧又空的文件柜。根据下文"It'sforyourthingsifyoufeellikeyouneedit"可知，作者把这个柜子给Clarissa放东西，因此是个空柜子。故选B。（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.uniquely独特地；B.naturally自然地；C.randomly随机地；D.possibly可能地。句意：如果Clarissa有一些独属于她自己的空间呢？根据下文"OnitIwrote，"Clarissa'sSpace""可知，作者把这个柜子变成"Clarissa的空间"，因此是让她有独属于自己的空间。故选A。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.wood木材；B.cloth布料；C.paper纸张；D.glass玻璃。句意：我选了一些干净的纸，剪了一张座位卡。根据下文"cutoutaplacecard"可知，作者剪了一张座位卡，因此是选了干净的纸。故选C。（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.spread传播；B.hid隐藏；C.threw扔；D.set摆放。句意：我在上面写了"Clarissa的空间"，然后把它放在柜子顶上。根据下文"itontopofthecabinet"可推知，作者应该是把座位卡摆放在柜子顶上。故选D。（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.intime及时地；B.asusual像往常一样；C.atonce立刻地；D.onpurpose故意地。句意：第二天早上，她像往常一样走进教室，已经和一个同学争论起来了。根据下文"alreadyarguingwithaclassmate"可知，Clarissa和同学争论，和上文描述的她和同学之间紧张的关系吻合，由此推知，她应该是像往常一样行事。故选B。（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.checked检查；B.cleared清理；C.spotted发现；D.ruined破坏。句意：她立刻就发现了她的新空间。根据下文"Quietlysheasked，"Isthismine？""可知，Clarissa询问作者那个空间是否属于自己，因此进入教室的她应该是立即发现了这个新空间。故选C。（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.casually漫不经心地；B.angrily愤怒地；C.cautiously小心地；D.secretly秘密地。句意："如果你需要的话，这是给你放东西的。"我漫不经心地说，忙着处理桌上的文件。根据下文"busyingmyselfwithpapersonmydesk"可知，作者在回答问题的同时，还在做其他事，由此可知，作者表现出漫不经心的样子。故选A。（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.Silence沉默；B.Peace平静；C.Freedom自由；D.Fortune运气。句意：在我们的教室里，气氛很平静。根据上文"Clarissaspenttherestoftheyearkeepingherthingstogetherinherspace."可知，Clarissa不再乱放东西了，因此她与同学之间的紧张关系应该结束了，教室里气氛变得平静。故选B。（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.choosing选择；B.following跟随；C.creating创造；D.showing展示。句意：一个破旧的旧柜子给了这个孩子一份礼物，这份礼物为某个可能在某些方面挣扎的人创造了一条不同的道路。根据下文"adifferentpathforsomeone"可推知，旧柜子让Clarissa得以真地拥有属于自己的空间，这份礼物应该是给她这样的孩子创造了一条不同的道路，让她去走。故选C。（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.struggling挣扎；B.waiting等待；C.developing发展；D.coming来临。句意：一个破旧的旧柜子给了这个孩子一份礼物，这份礼物为某个可能在某些方面挣扎的人创造了一条不同的道路。根据上文描述的Clarissa很邋遢，东西乱放，和同学们争论，疏远同学可推知，作者作为老师认为她可能在某些方面有挣扎，面临着困难。故选A。【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。三．阅读理解（共1小题）12．（2024春•马鞍山期末）Ahigh﹣endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst﹣classservice.Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.GoldenPassExpress，SwitzerlandGoldenPassExpresstakespassengersfromMontreuxtoInterlaken.It'sathree﹣hourridewithfourdeparturesaday.Theheatedleatherseatscanrecline（后倾）androtate（旋转）180degrees.They'realsoraised15incheshighertoboosttheviewsovervineyards，greenvalleysandblue﹣iceglaciers.Aone﹣wayticketcosts£115.LaDolceVita，ItalyLaDolceVitatrainservicetransportspassengerstoItalyofthe1960s.Therearealtogether30rooms—plusabarcarwherepassengerscanwatchappealingfieldsflybyasapianistplays.Avarietyofimpressiveoff﹣boardexperiencesareavailable，fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.Aone﹣wayticketstartsat£2，140.SpaciaX，JapanThistrainprovidesastylishwayofmakingthetwo﹣hourjourneybetweenTokyo'sAsakusastationandthecityofNikko.SpaciaXalsoincludescomfortablesofasandseats.Passengerscanappreciatethesceneryastheyshootpastmountains，waterfallsandtemples.TicketscanbeboughtonlineorfromanystationontheTobuline.Aone﹣wayticketstartsfrom£7.50.TheVietage，VietnamTheVietagerunsbetweenDaNangandQuyNhoninsupremecomfort.TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty﹣courselunchwithfreedrinks.Theticketpricealsoincludesahead﹣and﹣shouldermassage（按摩）.Aone﹣wayticketis£330.（1）WhichofthefollowingmakesLaDolceVitastandout？BA.Comfortableseats.B.Variousoff﹣boardexperiences.C.Onlineticketbooking.D.Ahead﹣and﹣shouldermassage.（2）Whichoftherailroutesprovidesaheartylunch？CA.SpaciaX，Japan.B.LaDolceVita，Italy.C.TheVietage，Vietnam.D.GoldenPassExpress，Switzerland.（3）Whatdothefourrailrouteshaveincommon？CA.Thetraveltime.B.Theticketprice.C.Thesuperiorservice.D.Theadjustableseats.【分析】这些一篇应用文，主要介绍了几条高端火车旅行线路。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据LaDolceVita，Italy部分的Avarietyofimpressiveoff﹣boardexperiencesareavailable，fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo（从蒙塔奇诺的葡萄园之旅到阿布鲁佐的骑马，我们提供了各种令人印象深刻的车外体验），可知让LaDolceVita铁路线脱颖而出的是各种车外体验，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据TheVietage，Vietnam部分的TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty﹣courselunchwithfreedrinks（游客可以在30道菜的午餐和免费饮料中欣赏越南乡村的美景），可知TheVietage，Vietnam铁路线提供丰盛的午餐，故选C。（3）推理判断题。通读全篇，特别是根据GoldenPassExpress，Switzerland部分的Theheatedleatherseatscanrecline（后倾）androtate（旋转）180degrees.They'realsoraised15incheshighertoboosttheviewsovervineyards，greenvalleysandblue﹣iceglaciers（加热真皮座椅可以后仰和旋转180度。它们还被抬高了15英寸，以增加葡萄园、绿色山谷和蓝冰冰川的视野）；LaDolceVita，Italy部分的Avarietyofimpressiveoff﹣boardexperiencesareavailable，fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo（从蒙塔奇诺的葡萄园之旅到阿布鲁佐的骑马，我们提供了各种令人印象深刻的车外体验）；SpaciaX，Japan部分的SpaciaXalsoincludescomfortablesofasandseats（SpaciaX还包括舒适的沙发和座椅）和TheVietage，Vietnam部分的TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty﹣courselunchwithfreedrinks（游客可以在30道菜的午餐和免费饮料中欣赏越南乡村的美景），可知这四条铁路线都有极好的服务，故选C。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。四．信息匹配（共1小题）13．（2024春•福清市期末）Howmanyadvertisementshaveyouseeninyourlife？（1）DAdvertisementsareagreatwaytomakepeopleawareofproducts，issues，andmore.Buthasadvertisingbecomeaproblemforsociety？Ifletmeratethecurrentonlineadvertisingrisks，Iwouldprobablygive2points.（2）CAdvertisingmakesusassociatehappinesswithconsumerism（消费主义）.Afterthey'veachievedtoruinourself﹣esteem（自尊），advertisementsaretryingtofoolusintothinkingthatonlyproductsandservicescanmakeusfeelbetter.（3）FWhatisit？Youguessedright：Shopping.Oncetheyachievetomakeyoufeelugly，theysellyoubeautyproductssoyoucanimproveonyourugliness.Oncetheymanagetomakeyoubelievethatyouarenotimportant，theysellyouexpensiveclothessoyoucanattracttheattentionofothers.Andsoonandsoforth.（4）BWehaveaneconomicsysteminwhichpeoplehavetomakemoneyinordertosurvive—andthiscanbeclearlyseenintheadvertisingindustry.Byshowingyouwhattheideallifeissupposedtobe，andthenmakingyoucompareyourordinarylifetoit，theyslowlyleadyoutobelievethatyou'renotbeautiful，intelligent，confident，andsoon，untiltheyfullyconvinceyouthatyouarebasicallynotgood.Thereason？Tomakeyoufeelinsecuresothattheycanthenemotionallycontrolyou.Inshort，advertisementspromiseyouhappiness，providedthatyouspendmoneyinreturn.Theresult？（5）GA.Advertisingpushesustomakemoney.B.Advertisingmakesusfeelthatwe'renotgoodenough.C.Sowhatexactlyarethemainproblemsofadvertisingonsociety？D.Theaveragepersonseesbetween280and310advertisementsperday.E.Withoutshopping，advertisementstellyouthatyoucan'tfindhappiness.F.Inotherwords，advertisementscreateaproblemandthenofferusasolutiontoit.G.Consumingstuffyoudon'tevenneedandleadingtowastethatispollutionourplanet.【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要说明了广告所带来的问题。【解答】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Howmanyadvertisementshaveyouseeninyourlife？（你一生中看过多少广告？）可知，本句主要回答上文关于看过多少广告的问题。故D选项Theaveragepersonseesbetween280and310advertisementsperday.（平均每个人每天看到280到310个广告）符合语境，故选D。（2）联系上文题。根据上文Ifletmeratethecurrentonlineadvertisingrisks，Iwouldprobablygive2points.（如果让我给当前的网络广告风险打分，我可能会给2分）可知，上文提到了给广告风险打分，结合后文主要分析了广告带来的问题。故C选项Sowhatexactlyarethemainproblemsofadvertisingonsociety？（那么广告给社会带来的主要问题到底是什么？）符合语境，故选C。（3）联系上文题。根据上文Advertisingmakesusassociatehappinesswithconsumerism（消费主义）.Afterthey'veachievedtoruinourself﹣esteem（自尊），advertisementsaretryingtofoolusintothinkingthatonlyproductsandservicescanmakeusfeelbetter.（广告使我们把幸福和消费主义联系在一起。广告在摧毁了我们的自尊之后，又试图愚弄我们，让我们认为只有产品和服务才能让我们感觉更好）可知，本句承接上文，进一步解释广告是如何愚弄我们的。故F选项Inotherwords，advertisementscreateaproblemandthenofferusasolutiontoit.（换句话说，广告制造了一个问题，然后给我们提供了一个解决方案）符合语境，故选F。（4）联系下文题。根据后文Wehaveaneconomicsysteminwhichpeoplehavetomakemoneyinordertosurvive—andthiscanbeclearlyseenintheadvertisingindustry.Byshowingyouwhattheideallifeissupposedtobe，andthenmakingyoucompareyourordinarylifetoit，theyslowlyleadyoutobelievethatyou'renotbeautiful，intelligent，confident，andsoon，untiltheyfullyconvinceyouthatyouarebasicallynotgood.Thereason？Tomakeyoufeelinsecuresothattheycanthenemotionallycontrolyou.（在我们的经济体系中，人们必须赚钱才能生存——这在广告业中可以清楚地看到。通过向你展示理想的生活应该是什么样子，然后让你把你的普通生活与之比较，他们慢慢地让你相信你不漂亮，不聪明，不自信，等等，直到他们完全说服你，你基本上不好。原因？让你感到不安全，这样他们就能在情感上控制你）可知，后文提到了广告让你相信你不漂亮，不聪明，不自信，即告诉你不够好，好控制你的情感。故B选项Advertisingmakesusfeelthatwe'renotgoodenough.（广告让我们觉得自己不够好）符合语境，故选B。（5）联系上文题。根据上文Inshort，advertisementspromiseyouhappiness，providedthatyouspendmoneyinreturn.Theresult？（简而言之，广告承诺给你幸福，只要你花钱作为回报。结果呢？）可知，本句主要说明广告带来的结果，广告的最终目的是促使人们消费。故G选项Consumingstuffyoudon'tevenneedandleadingtowastethatispollutionourplanet.（消费你根本不需要的东西，导致浪费，污染我们的星球）符合语境，故选G。【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。五．语法填空（共1小题）14．（2024春•商丘期末）Araretype（1）ofbottlehasbeenunearthedatthePeiligangsiteinthecityofXinzheng，CentralChina'sHenanprovince，providingarchaeologists（考古学家）with（2）theearliestdatedartifact（文物）ofitskindinChina.Bottleswiththisunusualshape，（3）featuring（feature）asmallmouthandpointedbottom，（4）are（be）amongtherepresentativeartifactsoftheYangshaocultureandhavebeenunearthedatdwellingruins，ashp