Unit4SectionB知识点讲解-人教版八年级英语下册

Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?SectionB【知识点讲解一】1.talktoparentsorotherfamilymembers(P29)【解析】membern.成员;分子常用短语：beamemberof..........的一个成员,相当于join，表示“加入这个组织或团体”。eg:Therearethirtymembersinthisclub.

Ihavebeenamemberofthisclubforabouttwoyears.【易错警醒】

join不能表示持续，因此不能用于含有一段时间的句子里。比如，我们不能说Ihavejoinedthisclubforabouttwoyears.（×）。2.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureaboutschool.(P29)【解析】pressuren.（不可数）释义如下：1）指（物理学）压力airpressure气压bloodpressure血压2）还可指精神上、外界施加的压力=stress常用短语：underpressure压力之下givesb.pressure给某人施加压力eg:Canyouworkunderpressure?【拓展】→pressv按；压1）vt.压；按；推eg:Hepressedthedoorbell.Justpressthisbutton,andyou'llstartthemachine.2）vt.熨；熨平eg:I'vepressedyourtrouserswiththeiron.3）vt.催促；催逼；敦促：eg:Theyarepressingustomakeaquickdecision.3.Ihavetopetewithmyclassmatesatschool.(P29)【解析】pete不及物动词，意为“竞争；参加比赛”，既可指体育活动等活动中争取优胜的相互竞争，也可指为了自己的利益与他人竞争。【固定搭配】petewithsb.和某人竞争peteagainst/with与……竞争petein在...方面竞争petefor为……参加比赛eg:Wecan’tpetewiththemonprice.Fivechildrenpetedintherace.【拓展】petition可数名词，意为“比赛;竞争”eg:Hecamefirstinthewritingpetition.Finallyshewonthepetition.4.Althoughyoumaybe_____withyourparents,youshouldtalktothem.(P29)【解析】althoughconj.虽然；尽管；然而【辨析】although与though（1）作为连词although和though通常可以互换使用，引导让步状语从句。eg:Although/Thoughshesmiled,shewasangry.（3）以下情况只能用though1)与even连用是用though表示强调，这里的eventhough=although，“即使……也……”eg:Evenif/thoughwecouldaffordit,wewouldn’tgoabroadforourvacation.2)当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though,而不用althougheg:Thoughalltheworldworldwereagainstme,Ishouldstillholdtomyopinion.3)though可以独立用在副词，长放在句末，“还是，仍然”eg:It’hardwork.Ienjoy,though.4)though引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，而although引导的从句则不能。eg:Bravelythoughtheyfought,theyhadtochangeofwinning.【注意】although和though引导的从句不能与连词but,and,so,however等连用，但可以和yet,still等词连用。eg:Althoughitwassocold,hewentoutwithoutanovercoat.Althoughhewastired,hewentonworking.5.Youshouldallbe___eachothertoimprove.(P29)【解析】improve=make...better提高，改善，变得更好→improvementn提高eg:IneedtoimprovemyEnglish.【巩固练习】I.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。1.Sheshouldn'tcother'shomework.2.Ihavetocwithmyclassmatesinordertomakegreatprogress.3.Parentsshouldn'tgivetheirchildrentoomuchp.4.Ihadafwithmyparents.5.Iliketohoutwithmyfriends.II.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Myparentsgivemealotof(press).7.Wemuststudyhard(get)bettergrades.8.Weshouldtalkto(others)familymembers.9.I(spend)alotoftimealoneathomelastSunday.10.(hang)outwithfriendsisimportant.III.单项选择。( )11.Pleaseclosethewindowtohelpthenoiseoutside.A.lower B.tolow C.lowering D.low( )12.Youill.youneedtoseeadoctor.A.maybe;Maybe B.maybe;Maybe C.maybe;Maybe D.maybe;Maybe( )13.What'syour?Idon'tthinkit'srighttocopyothers'homework.A.number B.address C.hobby D.opinion( )14.Thestudentshavetopetetheirclassmatesatschool.A.at B.for C.to D.with( )15.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureschool.A.at B.for C.about D.withIV.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。16.我喜欢独自打发时光。Ienjoy.17.你喜欢和朋友看电影吗?Doyoulikewithyourfriends?18.在学校我不得不和我的同班同学竞争。Ihavetomyclassmatesatschool.19.自由活动对我们来说是非常重要的。areveryimportantforus.20.我没有足够的自由时间。Idon'thavetime.【知识点讲解二】6.Whogivestheiropinionsabouttheproblem?(P30)【解析】opinionn意见；想法；看法eg:What'syouropinionaboutthistrip?【常用短语】inone’sopinion以某人的观点；在某人看来giveone’sopinionsonsth.对于...给出观点haveagood(high)opinionofsb.对某人/事评价很高eg:Inmyopinion,it’simportantforustoprotecttheearth.（也可以写成Ithinkitisimportantforustoprotecttheearth.但用了Ithink千万不要用inmyopinion了）7.Thesedays,manyparentspushtheirchildrenintolearningmoreskills.(P30)【解析】pushv.推（进）；按；力劝；督促；①pushsb.into(doing)sth.迫使某人做某事：强迫或激励某人去做某事，通常是通过施加压力或影响力来实现。②pushsb.todosth.推动某人做某事：鼓励或强迫某人去做某件事情。eg:Hetriedtopushtheheavydooropen.Jasondidnotpushherintostealingthemoney.【拓展】常见的push的固定搭配：

pushforward/along把…推向前，继续进行pushaside/away推开，排除pushback退回，推回pushdown向下推

pushin推进，向岸靠拢pushoff起程，离开

pushon奋力向前，推进pushout推出，长出

pushthrough促成，完成，穿过，挤过pushup向上推8.TheTaylorsareatypicalAmericanfamily.(P30)【解析1】TheTaylors指“泰勒一家”，在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。eg:TheBlacksaregettingreadyfortheholiday.【解析2】typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的betypicalof“是……的特点”eg:Thequestionissmallbuttypical.9.MaybeIcouldcutoutafewoftheiractivities,butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildren’sfuture.(P30)【解析】cutout删除；删去(v+adv)eg:You’dbettercutoutthatsentence.Canyoutellmehowtocutouttheuselessmessagesinthemobilephone?【拓展】cut相关的短语：cutup切碎cutdown砍到cutin插队cutoff切断（水、电）供应10.Ireallywantthemtobesuccessful.(P30)【解析】successfuladj.成功的eg:He'sareallysuccessfulman—youcan'targuewiththat.【拓展】succeedv成功，达到→successn成功→successfuladj成功的→successfullyadv成功地◆succeedindoingsth.成功做某事：达到预期目标或完成某项任务。eg:Itriedtodiscussitwithherbutonlysucceededinmakingherangry.11.Theyhaveaquickdinner,andthenit'stimeforhomework.(P30)【解析1】quickadj.快的；迅速的→quicklyadv.快地；迅速地haveaquickdinner=havedinnerquicklyeg:Wouldyoulikeaquickdrink?【解析2】It’stimeforsth.该是……的时候了：表示某个事件或行动应该发生或即将发生。=It’stimetodosth.eg:It’stimeforlunch.=It’stimetohavelunch.12.Insomefamilies,petitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder.(P30)【解析】continue不及物动词,意为“继续;持续”,相当于goon①continuedoing继续做同一件事(还没完成)eg:Afterhefinishedreadinganovel,hecontinuedtoplaygameswithhisfriends.

②continuetodo继续做另一件事情(已经完成一件工作)。eg:Afterarest,hecontinueshisreading.类似的动词还有：keep,stop,remember,forget【拓展】continue,goon,last辨析⑴continuev.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。eg:Hecontinuetheworkfortwodays.他连续两天都在做这项工作。⑵goon指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。eg:Afterdoinghishomework,hewentontopreviewhislessons.⑶lastv.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间。eg:Shewon’tlastlonginthatjob.13.Motherssendtheirsmallkidstoallkindsofclasses.(P30)【解析1】send→sent→sentv寄，发送，把…送进固定搭配：sendaway赶走sendfor派人去请sendoff寄出sendout分发sendup发射sendsb.sth=sendsthtosb.送给某人某物【注】类似的动词有：show(展示；给……看)give(给)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（归还）tell（告诉）【解析2】allkindsof各种各样的【拓展】kind的用法：(1)n种类●kindof+adj.有点，有几分●akindof一种的，某种的●differentkindsof不同种类的●Whatkindof…?哪种......?(2)adj.友好的bekindtosb.=begoodtosb.=befriendlytosb.对某人友好【辨析】kindof与kindsof:eq\o\ac(○,1)kindof单独用，表示“有点”，后接形容词或副词：eg:Ifeelkindofhungry.UncleWangspeakskindofquickly.eq\o\ac(○,2)若kindof前有a,this,that,what等，译为“种，种类”后加名词。eg:Thatkindofquestionisdifficulttoanswer.Whatkindofsportdoyoulikebest?14.Andtheyarealwaysparingthemwithotherchildren.(P30)【解析1】bealwaysdoingsth.意为“总是/一直做某事”，常含有厌恶、赞扬、抱怨等感情色彩，不表示某时刻正在发生的动作。eg:IcouldalwaysbedoingmoreandIusuallyamtryingtodomorethannecessary.【解析2】pare的用法(1)表示“把……与……比较”，通常用pare...with...，但在现代英语中，也可用pare...to...，或者用pare...and...。eg:Ifyouparehisworkwith[and]hers,you’llfindhersismuchbetter.Havingparedthenewdictionarywith[to,and]theoldone,hefoundthenewonemorehelpful.(2)表示“把……比作……”，通常用pare...to...，一般不用pare...with...。eg:Shakespeareparedtheworldtoastage.Thepoetparesthewomanhelovestoarose.15.Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’sdevelopment.(P30)【解析1】begoodfor对......有好处【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的→goodnessn好处；善行；美德begoodfor对….有益处→(反）bebadfor对…有害处begoodat+n/doing=dowellin+n/doing擅长于做某事begoodtosb.=bekindto=befriendlytosb.对某人友好【记】Theboyisgoodtome.HeisgoodatEnglish,andhetellsmeoralpracticeisgoodforimprovingspokenEnglish.【解析2】development发展→developv.发展，成长eg:Goodhabitsaregoodforthedevelopmentofusteenagers.16.Dr.AliceGreensaysalltheseactivitiescancausealotofstressforchildren.(P30)【解析】causev.导致，引起n.原因，理由eg:Aburningcigarettecausedthefire.Thedogwasthecauseoftheaccident.(1)causesb.todosth促使某人做某事：引起或激发某人去做某事的行为或事件。(2)causesth.forsb.给某人造成麻烦，给某人添麻烦【拓展】cause,reason,excuse辨析⑴causen.原因，指引起某种结果的“原因”，后接介词of.⑵reasonn.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。⑶excusen.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。eg:Hemadeagoodexcuseforhisdriving.17.Keeponhappening(P31)【解析】keepondoing继续做某事，或者一再做某事=continuedoingeg:Therearesomethingswejusthavetokeepondoing.【拓展】keepsb.doingsth让某人一直做某事keepupwith跟上keepsb.fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepawayfrom避开18.DoesCathyTaylorthinkit’simportantforkidstojoinafterschoolactivities?(P31)【解析】it’simportantforsb.todosth.对某人来说，做某事是重要的【辨析】①It’s+adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary)+(forsb.)todosth.（若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy,difficult,hard,important等，须用介词for【形容物，用for】）eg:It’simportantforchildrentohaveagoodsleep.②It’s+adj(kind,honest,friendly,)+(ofsb.)todosth.（若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good,kind,nice,wrong等，用介词of。【形容人用of】）eg:It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmyhousework.19.Perhapschildren/parentsshould/could...(P31)【解析】perhaps副词,意思是“或许;可能”,与maybe同义。eg:Asshe’sillperhapsshe’llneedsomehelp.

【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析⑴perhaps意为“也许，可能”，一般指比较小的可能性。eg:PerhapsIwillseehimthedayaftertomorrow,butIamnotsure.⑵probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。eg:Hewillprobablyrefusetheoffer.⑶possibly意为“可能，或许，也许”，可能性较大。eg:I’llseeyoutoday,orpossiblytomorrow.⑷maybe“或许，大概”，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。eg:Maybeyouputtheletterinyourbasket.【巩固练习】I.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。1.Daveesfroma(典型的)Americanfamily.2.Jackgotaspecialfootball(训练).3.Tom(引起)alotoftroubleinschool.4.It's(正常的)towanttogethighgrades.5.Don't(比较)mewithothers.II.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Youshouldn'tonlythinkfor(you),youshouldlistentoothers'opinions.7.Hekepton(ask)thesamequestion.8.Withthe(develop)ofChina,peoplehaveahappylife.9.Don'tcontinue(fight)withyourfather.10.Whynot(e)hereearly?III.单项选择。( )11.Jackwantshisparentstosomeofhisafterschoolactivities.A.cutup B.cutdown C.cutout D.cutinto( )12.It'stimeforusmorningexercises.Let'sdownstairs.A.to;go B.todo;togo C.todo;go D.do;togo( )13.Theofthecitylifemadehimmovetothecountry.A.tired B.pressure C.stressed D.worry( )14.Peopleshouldn'ttheirkids.A.pull;sohard B.push;sohardly C.pull;sohardly D.push;sohard( )15.Whydidyougiveupsmoking,Mr.Green?BecauseitmaycancerifIsmokeallthetime.A.hurt B.hit C.play D.cause【拓展阅读训练】AIntheworldtoday,allofthepeopleneedtohavefunwhentheyarefree.Wecan’tworkallthetimeifwearegoingtokeephealthyandenjoylife.Everyonehashisownwayofrelaxing.Perhapsthemostpopularform(形式)istotakepartinsports.Thereareteamsports,suchasbasketballandfootball.Therearealsoindividual(个人的)sports,suchasswimmingandrunning.Skatingandmountainclimbingarethemostpopularrecreation(消遣)forpeoplewholiketobeoutdoors.Noteveryonewhoenjoyssportslikestotakepartinthem.ManypeoplelikewatchingthemonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio.Somanypeoplelikesomeindoorrelaxation,suchaswatchingsinginganddancing.Itdoesn’tmatterifwelikeindoorrecreationortakepartinoutdoorsports.Itisimportantforeveryonetorelaxfromtimetotime,andenjoysomethemselves.( )1.Whichisthemostpopularformofrecreation？Sleeping. B.C.Sports.D.Singinganddancing.( )2.Peoplewanttotakepartinsportsto .makefriends B.keephealthyandenjoylifeC.findagoodjob D.makemoremoney( )3.Outdoorsportsinclude ..watchingTV B.singinganddancingC.listeningtotheradio D.skatingandmountainclimbing( )4.WhydomanypeoplelikewatchingsportsonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio?A.Becausetheydon’tenjoylife. B.Becausetheydon’tenjoysports.C.Becausetheylikesportsbuttheydon’tliketotakepartinthem.D.Becausetheydon’tneedrecreation.( )5.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat A.basketballisakindofteamsportsB.indoorrecreationisnotasimportantasoutdoorsportsC.differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofrelaxingD.everyonewhoenjoyssportsshouldtakepartinthemBAllaroundtheworld,peopledrinktea.Butteadoesn’tmeanthesamethingtoeveryone.Indifferentcountriespeoplehaveverydifferentideasaboutdrinkingtea.InChina,forexample,peoplealwaysserveteawhentheygettogether.TheChinesedrinkitatanytimeofthedayathomesorteahouses.Theyliketheirteawithnothingelseinit.TeaisalsoimportantinJapan.TheJapanesehaveaspecialwayofservingteacalledateaceremony.Itisveryoldandfullofmeaning.PeoplemustdoeverythinginaspecialroomforitinJapanesehomes.AnotherteadrinkingcountryisEngland.InEnglandthelateafternoonis“teatime”.Almosteveryonehasacupofteathen.TheEnglishusuallymaketeainateapotanddrinkitwithcreamandsugar.Theyalsoeatcakesandlittlesandwichesatteatime.IntheUnitedStatespeopledrinkteamostlyforbreakfastoraftermeals.Americansusuallyuseteabagstomaketheirtea.bagsarefasterandeasierthanmakingteainteapot.InthesummermanyAmericansdrink“icedtea”.Sometimestheydrinkicedteafromcans,likesoda.( )1.ispopular .A.allaroundtheworld B.onlyintheUnitedStatesC.onlyinEnglishspeakingcountriesD.inAsiancountries( )2.TheChinesedrinktea .forbreakfast B.inaspecialceremonyC.whentheygettogether D.onlyinteahouses( )3.TheEnglishliketo .eatcakesandcookieswiththeirtea B.drinktheirteawithnothingelseinitC.haveteawithdinner D.drinktheirteainaspecialroom( )4.Icedteaispopular .inthewinter B.onlyinEnglandC.forbreakfast D.intheUnitedStates( )5.Thepassageisabout .Chinesetea B.whyteaisimportantC.theteatimeinEnglandD.differentwaysofteadrinkingindifferentcountriesCInourlives,wemayhavealotoftrouble.Whenyoufeelbadorforgethowgreatyouare,herearesomewaysforyoutomakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.Lookinthemirrorandsaytoyourself,“I’maspecialpersonandthere’snooneintheworldlikeme.Icandoanything!”Itreallyworks!Dosomethinggoodforsomeone.Helpingothersalwaysmakesyoufeelgood.Learnsomethingnew!Doyoualwayswanttolearntoswimordecorate(装饰)yourownroom?

Goforit!Newthingsarefunandtheycanmakeyoufeelproud(自豪的)whenyouhavefinished.Keepadiary.TurnofftheTVandletyourimagination(想象力)fly!Ifyouhaveanythoughtsordreams,writethemdown!Italwayshelpstoshowyourfeelings.Staywithyourfamily.Weallneedourfamilytime.Talkwithyourmotherandfatherormaybeevenyourcousin.21··()1.Whoshouldreadthepassage? A.Agirlwhodoesn’tbelieveinherself. B.Anoldwomanwhooftenfallsill. C.Aboywhodislikesschool. D.Amanwhoisalwayslateforwork.()2.Howmanywaysdoesthewritergiveus? A.Four. B.Five. C.Six. D.Seven.()3.Whyis“tolearntoswim”mentioned(提到)inthepassage?21·世纪*教育网 A.Becausepeoplemustlearntoswim. B.Becauseitmaybegoodforyourhealth. C.Becauseitmaybesomethingnewforyou. D.Becauseitmayhelpyoutoreduce(减轻)stress. ()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”referto? A.Reading. B.Learning. C.Flying. D.Writing.()5.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage? A.Howtokeepagoodmood(心境) B.Weshouldhelpothers C.Trytoform(养成)goodhabits D.FamilyisimportanttousDMaybeyouhaveseenthisinschools:somestudentsarestudyingnearlyallthetimebuttheyjustpasstheirexams,whilesomeothersmayspendmuchlesstimeontheirbooksbutdomuchbetterinexams.Howcouldthishappen?Peopleusedtothinkthathardworkistheonlywaytosuccess.Butnowtheyhaveunderstoodthatsmartworkcanmakethemsucceed,too.Hardworkersdon'tmindworkingforlonghours,whilesmartworkersalwaysthinkofseveraldifferentanswerstothesequestions,“WhyshouldIsufferthis?”“Isn'tthereabetterwaytodothis?”Thankstothesepeople,wecanuseputersinsteadoftheabacusnow.Progressineveryfieldisthedirectresultof“trytofindabetterway”bysmartworkers.TherewasalargesoapfactoryinJapan.Onceitreceivedanunusualletterfromsomeonewhoplainedthattherewa