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1/17NobelPrizewinnerforeconomics

课程讲解制作小组：第六组制作人：朱玉朕王小舰沈志敏时间：年5月19日2/17人物背景知识介绍目录课文及练习课文拓展3/17人物背景知识介绍课文及练习课文拓展目录总体概况人物背景

知识介绍Tofigurebackgroundknowledge第一部分4/17人物背景知识介绍调研方法Tofigurebackgroundknowledge第一部分

美国哥伦比亚大学教授、就业与增加理论著名代表人物。北京工商大学声誉教授。研究方向主要集中于宏观经济学各个领域，包含就业、通货膨胀和通货紧缩、储蓄、公债、税收、代际公平、价格、工资、微观主体行为、资本形成、财政和货币政策，以及他最有成就领域——经济增加问题，被誉为“当代宏观经济学缔造者”和“影响经济学进程最主要人物”之一。菲尔普斯教授最主要贡献在于经济增加理论。他继罗伯特·索洛之后，对经济增加动态最优化路径进行了分析，提出了著名“经济增加黄金律”，从而正式确立了经济增加理论。5/17调研方法人物背景

知识介绍Tofigurebackgroundknowledge第一部分菲利普斯曲线菲利普斯（A.W.PHILLIPS）1958年证实，工资膨胀率和失业率之间存在一个反方向改变关系。即失业率上升时，货币工资率下降；相反，失业率下降时，货币工资率上升。容忍适当通货膨胀有助降低失业率。6/17课文及练习第二部分The

Textandoperation人物背景

知识介绍Tofigurebackgroundknowledge第一部分7/17TapescriptEdmundPhelps【埃德蒙•菲尔普斯】hasbeenawarded【awarded】thisyear'sNobelPrizeforeconomicsMrPhelpsisaprofessorofeconomicsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.TheRoyalSwedishAcademy【瑞典皇家科学院】ofScienceshonoredMrPhelpsforhisworkinmacroeconomics【宏观经济学】Thatisthestudyoflargeforcesthataffecteconomicsatthenationalorinternationallevel.MrPhelpscorrectlyidentified【确定】therelationshipbetweenunemploymentandinflation【失业率和通货膨胀】.Sincethe1930s,policymakers【决议者】inmanynationsdealtwithunemploymentinthesameway.Theywouldletinflationincreasetocreatejobs.第二部分课文及练习The

Textandoperation8/17Forexample,theywouldmakecredit【信贷】easiertoget.Asaresult,peoplewouldbuymoregoods.Businesseswouldhireworkerstomeetgrowingdemand【满足不停增加需求】,forcingpricesup【迫使价格上涨】.Formanyyears,policymakersacceptedthatreducingunemploymentrequiredhigherinflation.MrPhelpsfoundthatinflationdidtemporarily【暂时】increaseemployment.Buthediscoveredthat,overthelongterm,inflationhurtjobcreation.HisideaswereprovedbyeconomicconditionsinAmericainthe1970s.Thatperiod【时期】wasknownfor"stagflation【滞胀】havinghighunemploymentandhighinflationatthesametime."第二部分课文及练习The

Textandoperation9/17EdmundPhelpsalsofoundthatifemployersexpectlowinflationinthefuture,theyaremorelikelytohireworkers.Today,economicpolicyexpertsbelievethebestwaytocreatejobsistofightinflation.MrPhelpsalsostudiednationalsavingsoverlongperiodsoftime.Commonsensesuggeststhataveryhighsavingsrateisbest.ButMrPhelpsshowedthatnationalsavingsrates【国民储蓄利率】canbetoohigh.HearguedthatgovernmentsshouldtakeactiontoraisenationalsavingsEdmundPhelpsdidmuchofhisresearchinmacroeconomics【宏观经济学】duringthelate1960sandearly1970s.Hisworkcontinuestoinfluenceeconomists.Andithashelpedchangepolicy【改变政策】atcentralbanks【中央银行】,whichnowconsiderfightinginflationamaingoal.第二部分课文及练习The

Textandoperation10/17ListeningtoapassageaboutEdmundPhelps,aNobelPrizeWinnerforEconomicsCompletehismajorviewpointsbelowwithyouhear.ExerciseA1﹑EdmundPhelpsstudied＿＿thataffecteconomicsatthe＿＿

＿evel.2﹑

MrPhelpscorrectlyidentifiedtherelationshipbetween＿＿

＿Hediscoveredthat,overthelongterm,inflationhurt＿＿.3﹑

MrPhelpsshowedthatnationalsavingsratescanbe＿＿bestsavingsrateisnotsohighthatitlimits

＿＿

＿,anditisnotsolowthatitlimits

＿＿

＿＿＿

＿.第二部分课文及练习The

Textandoperation11/17第二部分课文及练习The

Textandoperation1﹑largeforces

nationorinternational

2﹑unemploymentandinflation

thecreation3﹑

toohigh

demandsinthepresent

rowthandinvestmentinthefuture

AnswersExerciseBListentothepassageagain.ThistimefocusonthewrongideasandtheoriescommonpeopleandevenpolicymakersheldbeforeSupplythemissinginformation.12/171﹑

Sincethe1930s,policymakersinmanynationsdealtwithunemploymentby＿＿＿

tocreatejobs.Theycceptedthatreducingunemploymentrequired＿＿.2﹑

Commonsuggeststhata＿

＿

＿

＿

isbest.Answers1﹑lettinginflationincrease

highinflation2﹑veryhighsavingrate

第二部分课文及练习The

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