2025版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练31含解析外研版

PAGE1-课时提能练(三十一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·甘肃省重点中学联考)MaryKrupabecamefriendswiththegreysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState，afterspottingthemrunningaroundandidly(漫不经心地)wonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today，everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe“SquirrelGirl”．Marystartedbringingthemfood，andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits，shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive，andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation.GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege，Marywasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome，butshedidn'tinteract(沟通)withpeopleverymuch.ShewaslaterdiagnosedwithAsperger'ssyndrome，butthesquirrelschangedthat.“Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice，becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewillcomeoverandwe'lljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem，”shesaid.“Iamalotmoreoutgoing.”Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowMaryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos，ithasalottodowithfood.Forexample，whenevershewantsthemtoholdorplaywithsomething，sheputspeanutbutterontheprop(道具)，andthey'llgrabit.Butgettingtothatparttookawhile.Inthebeginning，shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstocomedownandgetthem，buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though.Thisyear，MaryisgraduatingwithadegreeinEnglishandwildlifesciences.Shewantstobeasciencewriterandeducatepeopleonhowtopreservetheenvironment.Asforherfurryfriends，Maryplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.【语篇解读】宾夕法尼亚高校的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠变更了她，使她变得外向起来。在和松鼠之间建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互联网上引起了轰动。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sensation”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Hit. B．Challenge.C．Attack. D．Link.A[词义揣测题。依据其次段中的“Theresponsewasgreatlypositive，andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation”可知，Mary拍的照片得到了特别主动的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。hit“风行一时的事物”与画线词意思相近，所以A项正确。]2．WhatkindofchangedosquirrelsbringtoMary?A．Sheissickerthanbefore.B．Sheismoreinterestedinanimals.C．Sheismoresociablethanbefore.D．Sheislesswillingtogotocollege.C[细微环节理解题。依据第三段的内容可知，Mary之前不擅长交际，并被诊断患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠变更了她，使她变得外向了。]3．HowdidMarymanagetotakephotosofsquirrelswearinghats?A．Byputtingthemincages.B．Byplayingmusictothem.C．Byattractingthemwithcolorfulfood.D．Bybuildingacloserelationshipwiththem.D[细微环节理解题。依据第四段的描述可知，想给松鼠拍照须要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必需和松鼠之间建立信任而密切的关系。]4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMary?A．Confidentandstrong.B．Patientandcaring.C．Sociableandhealthy.D．Traditionalandhard­working.B[推理推断题。依据文中Mary与松鼠的相处及第四段中的“Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though”可知，Mary有耐性且有爱心。]B(2024·甘肃省重点中学联考)Everyhumanbeing，nomatterwhatheisdoing，givesoffbodyheat.Theusualproblemishowtogetridofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstowncampus(校内)oftheUniversityofPittsburgh(commonlyreferredtoasPitt)setthemselvestheoppositeproblem—howtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichusesnotonlybodyheat，buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell.Thesystemworkssowellthatnofuelisneededtomakethecampus'ssixbuildingscomfortable.Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings—theatersandofficesaswellasclassrooms，aremoresufficientlyheatedbypeopleandlightsandsometimesmustbeair­conditionedeveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsavingheatandredistributing(重新安排)itiscalled“heatrecovery”．Afewmodernbuildingsrecoverheat，butthecampus'ssystemisthefirsttorecoverheatfrombuildingsandreuseitinothers.Alongtheway，Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsproducers.Theharderastudentstudies，themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Malestudentssendoutmoreheatthanfemalestudents，andthelargerastudentis，themoreheatheproduces.WemayconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard­workingoverweightmalegenius.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Pittsburgh高校的“热回收”技术。5．TheheatintheheatingsystemoftheJohnstowncampusissupplied.A．byhumanbodiesB．bybothhumanbodiesandotherheat­givingobjectsC．bybothhumanbodiesandcommonly­usedfuelD．byhumanbodies，commonly­usedfuelandotherheat­givingobjectsB[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichusesnotonlybodyheat，buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell”可知，这种收集系统不仅运用人体的热量，还运用像灯泡和冰箱这种物体散发出的热量。故选B。]6．Accordingtothepassage，thetechniqueof“heatrecovery”isused.A．tofindtheproducersofheatB．toprovideheatforthehotwatersystemC．tomakethecampusmorebeautifulD．tocollectheatandreuseitD[细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“systemisthefirsttorecoverheatfrombuildingsandreuseit”可知，“热回收”技术是收集热量，然后再次运用热量。故选D。]7．Theunderlinedphrase“thehottestprospect”inParagraph3refersto.A．thepersonwhosuffersmostfromheatB．thepersonwhoneedsmoreheatthanothersC．thepersonwhogivesoffmostheatD．thepersonwhomakesbetteruseofheatC[词义揣测题。依据第三段内容可知，越努力学习的学生散发的热量越多，男学生比女学生散发的热量多，越高大的学生散发的热量越多，所以可得出结论，这个校内里散发最多热量的人将是个勤奋学习、体重超常的男性天才，由此可知，“thehottestprospect”指的是散发最多热量的人。故选C。]8．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A．ANewHeatRecoverySysteminPittB．ModernBuilding'sHeatSystemC．BodyHeatandItsProducersD．WaysofHeatingBuildingsA[标题推断题。依据全文可知，本文主要是介绍Pittsburgh高校的“热回收”系统。A项符合题意，故选A。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·湖北省教科研协作体联考)WhenIwasfour，Iwasapainterarmedwithabigboxofcrayons.Somehow，theusualpaperwasn't1enoughforthesesticksofvivid2.Ilookedaroundforfantasticpaperandthewalls3aninvitingyet4view.Ifonlytherewere5walls，whichpeoplecouldsometimesseeandsometimesnot，liketheonesinMomandDad'scloset(衣柜)．6quietlytothebedroom，Ipushedasidetheheavy7.Wordsand8filledmymindfasterthanmyhandscouldmakethem.Abrilliantrainbowwasseenononewall.Flowers9everywhere.Allmyown10！Mymasterpiece(杰作)！Joy11insideme.Athought12：I'vegottoshowMom！SuddenlyIwas13.Ilookedaroundwithneweyes.WhathadIdone?Momcalledout，“Dinner'sready.”Afterashorttime，herfootsteps14，andthenfinally，theclosetdooropened.Istood15inthecorner.Oh，pleasedon'tbe16，Ithought.Please，please.Mombreathedsharply,17withshock.Onlyhereyesmovedassheslowlylookedovermymasterpiece.Shewasquietforalong，longtime.Ididn'tdareto18.19，sheturnedtome.“Ilikeit，”shesaid.“No，Iloveit！It'shappy！IfeellikeIhaveanewcloset！”Now，manyyearslater，mychildhoodartworkisstillthere.EverytimeIopenit，Irememberthat，bigasthewhiteclosetseemedwhenIwaslittle，mymother's20wasthebiggestthingofall.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者四岁时，在父母房间里衣柜的壁板上绘画的经过，表达了妈妈对他的爱大于一切。1．A.relevant B．specialC．fair D．regularB[依据下一句中的“lookedaroundforfantasticpaper”对比空处所在句中的“theusualpaper”可以推断作者认为自己的画纸太一般，即不够“特殊”，所以选special。relevant“有关的”，fair“公允的，适当的”，regular“有规律的，定期的”，均不符合语境。]2．A.color B．shapeC．quality D．priceA[句中thesesticks指的是首句提到的crayons，所以空处应当是指蜡笔的颜色，所以选color。]3．A.ruined B．attractedC．presented D．requiredC[依据空前的walls和空后的view并结合选项可知，present“呈现，表现”符合语境。]4．A.forbidden B．disappointingC．frightening D．rottenA[依据yet可知，inviting(迷人的)和空处表示的意义是相对的，所以选A项。]5．A.broken B．decoratedC．painted D．hiddenD[依据语境“这一些墙壁有时人们能够望见而有时又看不见，就像妈妈和爸爸的衣柜的壁板一样”可以推断出作者心中的画板是“隐藏的”，所以选hidden。]6．A.Flying B．SkippingC．Waving D．SlippingD[依据上段作者心理的描述可知作者认为隐藏的画板就是父母的衣柜的壁板，所以他为了不被人们发觉应当是静静地溜进父母的房间，所以选Slipping。]7．A.pictures B．clothesC．walls D．booksB[依据生活常识可以知道衣柜里经常放置的是大量的衣服(clothes)。]8．A.images B．camerasC．smiles D．actsA[空前的“Wordsand”确定四个选项中与之词义最接近的是images(图像)，即作者脑海中充溢了千言万语和即将绘制的图画。]9．A.opened B．criedC．advanced D．fadedA[依据空前“一面壁板上看到一道绚丽的彩虹”可推知，此处指“花儿到处开放(opened)”。]10．A.dinner B．magicC．enterprise D．garbageB[由空后的“Mymasterpiece(杰作)”可以推断作者觉得眼前的画很奇妙，是属于自己的魔术，满心高兴，所以选magic(魔术，戏法)。]11．A.abandoned B．reducedC．swelled D．puzzledC[参见上题解析。]12．A.brokedown B．cameupC．gotoff D．wentawayB[依据本段前三句可以推断作者突然产生一种与人共享喜悦的想法，所以选cameup(出现)。breakdown“分解，出故障，失败”，getoff“(使)动身，(从……)下来”，goaway“离开”，均不符合语境。]13．A.ambitious B．energeticC．pleasant D．still