专题04 阅读表达【基础深耕】中考英语二轮复习（全国）

01考情透视·目标导航02知识导图·思维引航0304题型特训·命题预测目录CONTENTS核心精讲·题型突破

01考情透视·目标导航考情分析在中考英语中，阅读表达是对学生英语综合能力的考查，题型通常是回答问题。近三年，其分值一般在10-15分左右，占总分值比重不容忽视。考点分布主要考点包括细节理解，要求学生从文中准确提取具体信息；主旨概括，考查对文章或段落核心内容的归纳能力；推理判断，根据文本信息进行合理推断；词义猜测，通过上下文猜测生词含义。考法与比重细节理解题比重较大，约占50%，旨在考查学生对文本事实的捕捉能力，如who、what、when、where等相关问题。主旨概括题约占20%，像概括文章标题或段落大意。推理判断题和词义猜测题各占15%左右。命题规律话题广泛，涵盖校园生活、社会热点、科普知识、文化风俗等，贴近学生生活和认知。文章体裁以记叙文、说明文为主。设题顺序与文章段落顺序基本一致。备考建议平时增加阅读量，包括英语报纸、杂志、简易读物等，拓宽知识面和词汇量；掌握不同题型的解题技巧，如细节题定位关键词，主旨题关注首尾段和高频词等；养成限时阅读习惯，提高阅读速度和效率；做完题后认真分析错题，总结失误原因，不断提升能力。0202知识导图·思维引航03核心精讲·题型突破ZhouQiisa17-year-oldstudentfromHangzhou.Zhejiang.LastSeptemberhebroketheGuinness(吉尼斯)WorldRecordforthemostsingleskipsinoneminute,witharesultof374.Therecordhadstoodunbrokenfortenyears.DaisukeMimurafromJapanhelditwith348skipsin2013.Interestingly,Zhou’snewrecordisnotevenhispersonalbest.“Mybestperformancewas396timesinoneminute.Thatwasdoneinthe2ndPrimaryandSecondarySchoolStudents’RopeSkippingChampionshipin2020.MycoachsaidIhadalreadybrokentheworldrecord.ItwasatthattimethatImadeupmymindtoapplyfortheGuinnessWorldRecord,”Zhousaid.However,theroadtosuccesswasfarfromsmooth.Foryears,Zhoupractisedwithaspecialsteelropedesignedforcompetítion.It’slightandstrong.Butbecauseoftheropeheused,hisfirstGuinnessapplicationwasconsideredinvalid(无效).Afteronlinecommunicationwiththerecordsmanagementteam,Zhouquicklychangedtoacommonroperecognized(认证)bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.Hesoongotusedtoit.WhateverkindofropeZhouused,hisstricttrainingstoodhimingoodsportingcondition.Zhouhasbeenintheschoolropeskippingteamforsevenyears.Hehasjumpedropeforaboutfourhourseachday.Hewouldalsorunaroundtheplaygroundtoimprovehisphysicalstrength.Nowahighschoolstudent,Zhousaidhe’llputhisstudiesfirst.Buthewon’tstoptrainingandstillhopestobeathisownrecordoneday.（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）03核心精讲·题型突破注：每题答案不超过6个词。1．WhendidZhouQibreaktheGuinnessWorldRecordforthemostsingleskips?_______________________________________________________

2．WhatisZhouQi’sGuinnessWorldRecordforthemostsingleskips?___________________________________________________________3．WhywasZhouQi’sfirstGuinnessapplicationconsideredinvalid?_________________________________________________________4．WhichEnglishsayingwillyouusetodescribeZhouQiaccordingtoParagraph4?_____________________________________________5．WhatisZhouQi’sdream?_____________________________________________【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了打破吉尼斯纪录的少年——周琦。1．根据“LastSeptemberhebroketheGuinnessWorldRecordforthemostsingleskipsinoneminute”可知，周琦在去年九月打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。故填InSeptember.InSeptemberZhouQiisa17-year-oldstudentfromHangzhou.Zhejiang.LastSeptemberhebroketheGuinness(吉尼斯)WorldRecordforthemostsingleskipsinoneminute,witharesultof374.Therecordhadstoodunbrokenfortenyears.DaisukeMimurafromJapanhelditwith348skipsin2013.2．根据“witharesultof374”可知，周琦的吉尼斯世界纪录是374次。故填374.374However,theroadtosuccesswasfarfromsmooth.Foryears,Zhoupractisedwithaspecialsteelropedesignedforcompetítion.It’slightandstrong.Butbecauseoftheropeheused,hisfirstGuinnessapplicationwasconsideredinvalid(无效).Afteronlinecommunicationwiththerecordsmanagementteam,Zhouquicklychangedtoacommonroperecognized(认证)bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.Hesoongotusedtoit.3．根据“Butbecauseoftheropeheused,hisfirstGuinnessapplicationwasconsideredinvalid”可知，周琦第一次申请吉尼斯纪录无效是因为他使用了特殊的钢绳。故填Becauseoftheropeheused.Becauseoftheropeheused.WhateverkindofropeZhouused,hisstricttrainingstoodhimingoodsportingcondition.Zhouhasbeenintheschoolropeskippingteamforsevenyears.Hehasjumpedropeforaboutfourhourseachday.Hewouldalsorunaroundtheplaygroundtoimprovehisphysicalstrength.4．根据第四段内容可知，周琦通过严格的训练保持了良好的运动状态，说明了努力会有回报，故填Hardworkpaysoff.Hardworkpaysoff.Nowahighschoolstudent,Zhousaidhe’llputhisstudiesfirst.Buthewon’tstoptrainingandstillhopestobeathisownrecordoneday.5．根据“Buthewon’tstoptrainingandstillhopestobeathisownrecordoneday.”可知，周琦的梦想是打破自己的纪录。故填Tobeathisownrecord.Tobeathisownrecord.03核心精讲·题型突破命题特点在中考英语中，阅读表达是一个重要题型，它的话题丰富多样，涵盖故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类以及校园生活类等。文章的词数一般在200-260词之间。通常情况下，每篇文章会设置5个问题，题型分布以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多，当然也有少量情况是5个特殊疑问句，或者3个特殊疑问句搭配2个一般疑问句。部分地区还会设置开放性试题。解题技巧1.顺序原则，注意使用。

在确定前一道题的答案以后，在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候，继续往下找，能有效控制答题时间，并提高正确率。2.答题之前，圈关键词（KeyWords）。A.大写、数字、引号优先原则B.5Wh疑问词必须圈划（who,what,when,why,where,how）03核心精讲·题型突破例如：1.Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?2.WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?3.WhatdidJakedotoprotecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures?4.HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?5.HowlongdidittakeJakereturntosafetyafterhelosthisski?6.WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.3.注意时态一致，代词一致。

例如：（1）Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?（回答用一般过去时，代词用he）WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?（回答用一般过去时，代词用they）WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.（回答用一般过去时，省略Ithink，代词用he）（2）Did…mean?回答：Itmeant…03核心精讲·题型突破4.Why提问，回答格式2种：A..Because+句子B.……+todo………(这里todo表目的)例如：WhydidRedmaynesaythatthisOscarbelongedtoallofthosepeoplearoundtheworldbattlingALS?回答：BecauseheactedasStephenHawkinginthefilmandHawkingwasdiagnosedwithALS.5.Where和When提问，介词in/on/at等不能遗漏。例1：Wherewilltheorphanbearsbesentwhentheyareoldenough?

回答：TheywillbetakentoanaturereserveinBryansk.很多人只交代了“inBryansk”，没有提到自然保护区。所以在回答的时要确保答句尽可能的完整。03核心精讲·题型突破例2：WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?

回答：Whentheygottothefootofthemountain.注意：询问时间和地点，答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。6.

How提问，用Bydoing…来回答

例：HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?

回答：Byfollowingsomeskitracks.也可以使用完整句式回答：Hefollowedsomeskitracks./Hefoundsomeskitracksandfollowedthose.7.

反义和选择疑问句策略：圈划关键定位词

A.反义疑问句：

★如知道：Yes,theydo.★如不知：No,theydon’t.只有这两种回答方式！！！例：Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?回答：Yes,hedid.如果变换一下题目，改为：Jakedidn’tloseoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didhe?答案依旧是：Yes,hedid.03核心精讲·题型突破B.选择疑问句：例：Doesagooddetectiveneedmuchknowledgeoragoodassistant?四种回答方式：I

AgooddetectiveneedsBoth

/neither

/muchknowledge

/agoodassistant.8.

开放问题，积极向上

规律：一般而言直接找一个积极向上的形容词回答，避免用good。

A..Whatdoyouthinkof...?回答格式：Ithink(that)itis/theyare+adj.可以是helpful,useful,wonderful,amazing,fantastic等一些正方向评价词注意：有时也有负方向评价词：比如：你对于sandstorm的看法？可以是Ithinkitisserious/terrible/awful/dangerous.B.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaul’sstory?回答格式：IcanlearnfromPaul’sstorythat+句子C.

两个问题务必分两句回答例：Doyouthinktheproblemofclimatechangeisserious?Whatshouldyoudo?回答格式：Yes,Ido.

Ishouldplantmoretrees.03核心精讲·题型突破D.

给文章取名字例：Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?(InnomorethanTENwords)回答：InternetAddiction./LearntocontrolInternetuse.解题策略在解答阅读表达题,阅读是基础,表达是关键。所以在表达时,首先要注意以下原则:(1)做此类题型遵循的总原则是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答;能从文章中找出答案来源，尽量从文章中寻找出来。(2)书写要规范。句子的开头首字母一定要大写;句末的标点符号要规范,并且要使用正确;句中的单词拼写要正确无误;整个答案的书写要认真。(3)做出适当调整。在回答时,应对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当调整。其次,审题时要注意两个方面:(1)看清提问方式。要分清是一般疑问句、选择疑问句还是特殊疑问句。(2)要辨别问题类型。阅读表达主要分为细节理解题、主旨大意题、信息归纳题以及开放性问答题。考生需判断五道试题属于以下哪类问题,再通过不同的阅读策略高效获取信息,从而得到答案。03核心精讲·题型突破(一)细节理解题

细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由who,what,where,when,why和how等引导的特殊疑问句来提问。这类题型的提问方式常为:Doyoureyesneedeverydayattention?When/Wheredidthestoryhappen?Whoputrubbishintodifferentbags?凡是针对特定事实细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到相应的文字作为验证。回答此类问题一般采取寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再进行分析对比,找出答案。例原文:Onthefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedalittleoldladytous.问题:Whodidtheprofessorintroduceonthefirstdayofschool?思路:通过审题后寻读,考生应回答:Alittleoldlady.03核心精讲·题型突破(二)主旨大意题

此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。现在初中学生阅读时的普遍问题是文章大意基本能看懂,但缺乏归纳主题和写作目的的能力,而这恰恰是阅读教学的主要目的。主旨大意题的提问方式通常是:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?/Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?/Whatisthepurposeofthewriter’swritingthepassage?/WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?/Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。★有些文章主旨大意清晰明了,考生只需从原文中提取信息即可。03核心精讲·题型突破例原文:Eacheducationalsystemhasitsownadvantages.Forexample,theJapanesestudentslearnmoremathandsciencethanAmericanstudentsbytheendofhighschool.TheadvantageoftheeducationalsysteminAmericaisthatstudentslearntothinkbythemselves.Theteachingmethodmakesthemmorecreative.问题:Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?思路:通过略读寻找关键句,考生应回答:Eacheducationalsystemhasitsownadvantages.★有些文章除了需要把握首尾段或段落首尾关键句之外,考生还要把握全文结构,分清段落层次,从而归纳出主旨大意。例原文:首段末句:Butwhataboutbluefood?第二段末句:Childrenstillpreferredthesweetsthatweretheusualcolorsofred,green,brown,yellowandorange.第三段末句:Thisisperhapswhywedon’tusuallyusebluefoodcoloringfordrinks,cakesandotherfood.03核心精讲·题型突破第四段首句:Somepeoplesayweeatwithoureyes.尾段:Sowillweeverseebluefoodsonourplates?Theanswerseemstobe“no”,atleastincountriesliketheUKandtheUSA.问题:Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?思路:通过略读寻找首尾段的关键句,并结合人们不喜欢蓝色食物的现象以及原因,考生应总结答案为:Peopledon’tlikethebluefoodandthereasons.(三)信息归纳题

该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。03核心精讲·题型突破例原文:IneverknewherandnordidIknowwhattodo,butIwasthere,sayingsomecomfortingwordstoastrangerinpain.Iaskedhertostandstillforafewminutes.Wethenlookedforaplaceforhertosit.Fromoutofnowhere,herfriendjoinedus.问题:Whatdidthewriterdoforthegirl?思路:通过寻读并整合信息,考生应回答出两点:Thewritersaidsomecomfortingwordstoherandlookedforaplaceforhertosit.(四)开放性问答题

此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。例原文:Accordingtoaninternationalsurveyin2016,youngpeopleinemerging(新兴的)countrieslikeChinaandIndiahaveagreatersenseofhopeforthefuture,comparedwiththoselivingindevelopedareassuchasEurope,NorthAmericaandAustralia.03核心精讲·题型突破

Itwasfoundthat53%ofthosequestionedinChinathoughttheworldwasbecomingabetterplace—thehighestamongthecountriessurveyed.Someofthemalsofelthopefulaboutthefuturebecauseofthedevelopmentoftechnology.

However,youngpeopleinFrance,ItalyandTurkeyhadapessimisticoutlookonthefuture.问题:What’syouropinionofthefuture?Andwhy?思路:通过阅读获悉在新兴国家,如中国和印度,年轻人由于技术的进步对未来充满希望,而法国、意大利和土耳其的年轻人则持消极态度。此题虽为开放性题目,但考生应结合自身国籍考虑,参考答案为:Ifeelhopefulaboutthefuture,becausethetechnologyisdevelopingquickly.03核心精讲·题型突破（2025·江苏徐州·一模）Anewculturerealityshow,TheMysteryofChina,tellsthestoriesofsixculturaltreasures.Theshownotonlyvisitedarchaeologysites(考古遗址),butalsoinvitedcultureexpertstohelppeoplehaveabetteranddeeperunderstandingoftheseculturaltreasures.AccordingtoLiZhenya,theshow’sproducer,“whoweare”and“wherewecomefrom”arekeyquestionsonthewayto“findourgenes(基因)”“Wehopetorecordthevaluablemomentsofeverytreasure.Thatisourpurposebehindtheshow.”saidLi.TheshowvisitedsomeofChina’smostwell-knownculturalsites,liketheMogaoGrottoesandtheEmperorQinShiHuan’sMausoleumSiteMuseum.Howtointroducethesetreasuresinthebestwaywassomethingthattheproductionteamhadtroublewith.“Chinesehistoryissolongthatifwefollowtimeorder,thenwewouldhavetostartwiththeXia,ShangandZhouDynastiesorevenearlier.Thatisnotthewaywelearnhistory.Acollectionofthousandsofobjectsfortheroyalfamily(皇室)oftheTangDynastywasfoundin1970inasmallvillageinNorth-westChina’sShanxiProvince.Whohiditundergroundandwhydidtheydoso?Therearesomanyquestionstobeanswered,”Lisaid.“Tellingthesestoriesbehindtheculturaltreasuresissomethingwehopetodo,andthenpeoplecandiscovermoreabouttheseshiningculturalsymbols.”Liadded.04题型特训·命题预测1．Howmanytreasuresdoestheshowintroduce?_______________________________________________________

2．Howdidtheshowhelppeoplehaveabetteranddeeperunderstandingofculturaltreasures?_________________________________________________________________

3．WhydidLiZhenyastartthisshow?____________________________________________________________________

4．Whattroubledtheteammostinmakingtheshow?_________________________________________________________________

5．Wherewasacollectionofthousandsofobjectsfortheroyalfamilyfound,inShanxiProvinceorinGuangxiProvince?_____________________________________________________________________

【语篇解读】本文介绍了一档新的文化类真人秀节目《TheMysteryofChina》，该节目讲述了六个文化遗产的故事，旨在通过考古遗址和文化专家的帮助，增进观众对这些文化遗产的理解。1．根据第一段，“...tellsthestoriesofsixculturaltreasures”可知，节目介绍了六个文化遗产。故填Sixtreasures。2．根据第二段，“Theshownotonlyvisitedarchaeologysites,butalsoinvitedcultureexpertstohelppeoplehaveabetteranddeeperunderstandingoftheseculturaltreasures”可知，节目通过访问考古遗址并邀请文化专家来帮助人们更好地理解这些文化遗产。故填Byvisitingarchaeologicalsitesandinvitingcultureexperts。3．根据第二段，“‘whoweare’and‘wherewecomefrom’arekeyquestionsonthewayto‘findourgenes(基因)...Wehopetorecordthevaluablemomentsofeverytreasure.Thatisourpurposebehindtheshow”可知，李振亚启动这个节目是为了记录每个文化遗产的珍贵瞬间。故填Torecordthevaluablemomentsofeverytreasureandfindout“whoweare”and“wherewecomefrom.”SixtreasuresByvisitingarchaeologicalsitesandinvitingcultureexperts。Torecordthevaluablemomentsofeverytreasureandfindout“whoweare”and“wherewecomefrom.”4．根据第三段，“Howtointroducethesetreasuresinthebestwaywassomethingthattheproductionteamhadtroublewith”可知，制作团队最困扰的是如何以最佳方式介绍这些文化遗产。故填Howtointroducethesetreasuresinthebestway。5．根据第四段，“AcollectionofthousandsofobjectsfortheroyalfamilyoftheTangDynastywasfoundin1970inasmallvillageinNorth-westChina’sShanxiProvince”可知，这个物品收藏是在山西省发现的。故填InShanxiProvince。Howtointroducethesetreasuresinthebestway。InShanxiProvinceAnewculturerealityshow,TheMysteryofChina,tellsthestoriesofsixculturaltreasures.Theshownotonlyvisitedarchaeologysites(考古遗址),butalsoinvitedcultureexpertstohelppeoplehaveabetteranddeeperunderstandingoftheseculturaltreasures.AccordingtoLiZhenya,theshow’sproducer,“whoweare”and“wherewecomefrom”arekeyquestionsonthewayto“findourgenes(基因)”“Wehopetorecordthevaluablemomentsofeverytreasure.Thatisourpurposebehindtheshow.”saidLi.TheshowvisitedsomeofChina’smostwell-knownculturalsites,liketheMogaoGrottoesandtheEmperorQinShiHuan’sMausoleumSiteMuseum.Howtointroducethesetreasuresinthebestwaywassomethingthattheproductionteamhadtroublewith.“Chinesehistoryissolongthatifwefollowtimeorder,thenwewouldhavetostartwiththeXia,ShangandZhouDynastiesorevenearlier.Thatisnotthewaywelearnhistory.Acollectionofthousandsofobjectsfortheroyalfamily(皇室)oftheTangDynastywasfoundin1970inasmallvillageinNorth-westChina’sShanxiProvince.Whohiditundergroundandwhydidtheydoso?Therearesomanyquestionstobeanswered,”Lisaid.“Tellingthesestoriesbehindtheculturaltreasuresissomethingwehopetodo,andthenpeoplecandiscovermoreabouttheseshiningculturalsymbols.”Liadded.04题型特训·命题预测Pickleball(匹克球),arelaxingsportthathasbeenaroundsincethe1960s,isbecomingpopularinChina.Youngpeoplearegrowingespeciallyinterestedinthegame.“Pickleballhasbeenplayednotonlyinbigcities,suchasBeijingandShanghai,butalsoinsmallercities,”saidZengGuobiao,directoroftheChinaLiaisonOfficeoftheInternationalPickleballFederation(国际匹克球联合会驻中国联络办公室).“YoungpeopleinAnhui,Shandong,Zhejiang,Sichuan,Hubei,GuizhouandYunnanProvincesarealsointerestedinthesportandsettingupclubs,”headded.Thesportofpickleball,inventedin1965intheUS,isagameinwhichtwoorfourplayershitawifile-ball(空心棒球)overanet.Itlooksliketennisbutisplayedonabadmintoncourt(球场).Therulesofthegamearesimplewithlittlerunningneeded,makingiteasytostartforplayersofallagesandskilllevels.ZhouMinghao,whoworksinChongqing,startedtoplaypickleballinMay.“Asasportslover,Ihavetriedmanysportsandgotseveralmajorinjuries(重伤),soIdecidedtoplaypickleball,whichissafe,”hesaid.Besidessafety,ZhangXin,whostartedtheChengduPANGPickleballClub,saidthat,likebadminton,thesportofpickleballisfunandcompetitive(竞技性的).“It’sasportforanyone,anywhereandanytime,”hesaid.WuXiaomengfromChongqingagrees.HehappenedtolearnaboutpickleballandtrieditoutwithsomefriendsinSeptember,2022.“Itisagameforbothmenandwomen,asitrequiresmoreskillsthanphysicalpower(体力),”hesaid.“Itisagoodsocialactivityasanyonecaneasilypickupthissportandplayitforfun.IbelievethissportcangofarinChina.”（2025·辽宁丹东·一模）04题型特训·命题预测1．Howlonghaspickleballbeenaround?___________________________________________________________

2．Whyispickleballeasyforplayersofallagesandskilllevels?______________________________________________________________

3．WhatdoesZhangXinthinkofthesportofpickleball?_______________________________