2024高考英语新创新一轮复习Unit3Theworldonline课下作业一-三含解析牛津译林版选修7

PAGEPAGE14选修7Unit3课下作业（一~三）课下作业（一）考点过关针对练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Hedidn'tjustcommand(发号施令)．Hepersonallyfoughtinseveralheavybattles.2．NexttimeI'mgoingtotalkabouthowthesedifferentdiverse(多种多样的)documentswereincludedinhisnewbook.3．Whenthepresidentaddresses(对……发表演讲)tothenation,heoftenchooseshiswordsverycarefully.4．Shestillcorresponds(通信)withAmericanfriendsshemetinMajorcanineyearsago.5．Thefactsprovedherassumption(假设)wrong.6．Thetroopsarebeinggraduallywithdrawn(撤离)．7．Hisnationalityisn'trelevant(紧密相关的)towhetherheisagoodlawyer.8．EverymonthIspendalotoftimeclassifying(分类)books.9．Peruhasabundant(丰富的)plantsfromdesertgrassestovastareasofjungle.10．Theyrefusedtoacknowledge(承认)thattheyweredefeated.11．Woulditbepossibletomakeanearlyappointment(预约)tohavemyhaircuttomorrow?12．Youshouldevaluate(评估)yourchancesofsuccessbeforemakingadecision.13．Wehavesetoffthefirealarm(警报)andhavenothingtodobutwait.14．Shewastryingtocomb(细致搜寻)someusefulthingsoutofthetangle.15．Thechildren'stelevisionprogrammeaimsataspecific(特定的)agegroup.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thewrittenrecordofourconversationdoesn'tcorrespondwithwhatwasactuallysaid.Therearealotofmistakes.2．Theplanwas_abandoned(abandon)whenitwasdiscoveredjusthowmuchtheschemewouldcost.3．Thistypeofuniversitycourseisnolongerrelevanttotoday'sproblem.4．Theclassification(classify)ofdiseasesisabitcomplicated.5．Hedisplayedthoroughcompetence(competent)indealingwiththeissues.6．Squarethepageoffwithyourruler,thenyou'llbeabletocopythedrawingaccurately(accuracy)．7．Theparentsdidnotseemparticularlywellqualified(qualification)tocopewiththecryingchild.8．There'reseveraleffectivewaystoengagestudentsintheevaluation(evaluate)oftheirownlearning.9．Butforyourtimelyhelp,Imighthave_failed(fail)inthefinalexamination.10．Standonthetopofthetowerandyou'llenjoythesceneryofthewholecity.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Asmentionedearlier,userscanbeclassifiedasfourdifferentcategories:light,medium,heavy,andpower.其次个as→into2．Itbotherstomethattheyweren'twillingtoacceptmyplan.去掉第一个to3．Hecommandedthatroadsbuilttolinkcastlesacrosstheland.built前加be4．Actually,allofusdesiretoachievesuccess,butsometimesouractionsdon'tcorrespondwhatwedesire.correspond后加with5．AlthoughIhavenohopesofeverskiingthatway,Idodreamoflivingwiththeabandon.去掉the6．Givemeachance,Iwillgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.I前加and7．Thatisuniversallyacknowledgedthatwaterisindispensibletous.That→It8．Topicsforconversationshouldberelevantwiththeexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.with→toⅣ.完成句子1．Thebosscommandedthattheyoungman(should)_finish_his_workinanhour.老板吩咐这个年轻人一个小时内完成这项工作。2．Hisdesigns,forthemostpart,correspond_withtheactualneeds.他的设计在绝大多数状况下都符合实际须要。3．CuiJianis_universally_acknowledged_asthepioneeroftherock­and­rollofChinesemainland.崔健被公认为是中国大陆摇滚乐的先驱。4．Youshouldrememberit,and_what's_more,_youshouldgetitright.你应当记住它，更重要的是，应当正确理解它。5．Listen_totheteachercarefullyinclass,or_you_can't_catchwhatheissaying.上课细致听老师讲，否则你就会听不懂他所讲的。6．Butforthestorm,weshould_have_arrived_earlier.要不是遇到暴雨，我们还会早些到。7．Whileintrouble,youcanturn_to_her_for_help.遇到麻烦的时候你可以向她求助。8．TheSmithsdropped_in_on_some_old_friendsontheirvacationtriptoNewYork.史密斯一家去纽约度假时顺道探望了一些老挚友。课下作业（二）话题阅读培优练Ⅰ.依据提示填空Singaporeisplanningtocutoffweb❶access(访问；进入)forpublicservantsasadefenseagainstpotentialcyberattack—amovecloselywatchedbycriticswhosayitmarksaretreat(倒退)fora❷technologically(technology)advancedcity­statethathastrademarkedtheterm“smartnation”．Somesecurityexpertssaythepolicy,duetobeinplacebyMay,risksdamagingproductivityamongcivilservantsandthoseworkingatmorethanfourdozenstatutory(法定的)boards,andcuttingthemofffromthepeopletheyserve.Itmayonlyraiseslightlythe❸defensive(defend)wallsagainstcyberattack,theysay.BenDesjardins,directorofsecurity❹solutions(solve)atnetworksecurityfirmRadware,calledit“oneofthemoreextreme❺measures(措施)Icanrecallbyalargepublicorganizationtofightcybersecurityrisks”．StephenDane,aHongKong­basedmanagingdirectoratnetworkingcompanyCiscoSystems,saiditwas“amostunusualsituation”andRamkiThurimella,chairofthecomputersciencedepartmentattheUniversityofDenver,calleditboth“unprecedented(前所未有的)”and“alittleexcessive(过分的)”．One23­year­oldmanager,whogaveonlyherfamilyname,Netagale,said❻blocking(block)webaccesswouldonlyharmproductivityandmaynotstopattacks.“❼Information(信息)mayleakthroughothermeans,soblockingtheInternetmaynotstoptheunavoidablefromhappening，”shesaid.Butothercybersecuritycompaniessaidthatwiththekindof❽threats(威逼)governmentsfacetoday,Singaporehadlittlechoicebutto❾restrict(限制)Internetaccess.FireEye,acybersecuritycompany,foundthatorganizationsinsouth­eastAsiawere80%morelikelythantheglobalaveragetobehitbyaneq\o(○,\s\up1(10))advanced(advance)cyberattack.Singaporeofficialssaidnoparticularattackledtothedecisionbutnotedaleakageofoneministryin2015.DavidKoh,CEOofthenewlyformedCyberSecurityAgency,saidofficialsrealizedtherewastoomucheq\o(○,\s\up1(11))data(数据)tosecureandthethreat“istooreal”．Ⅱ.片段选词填空delivery，launch，software，account，payment，renew，shoppingonline，checkout，intotal，convenienceInHangzhou,borrowingbooksfromthelibraryisnowassimpleas❶shopping_online:_click,payandwaitfor❷delivery.Thecity'spubliclibraryrecently❸launchedaprogramonWeChat,apopularChinesemessaging❹software,_enablingitsreadersto❺check_outbooksonlineandgetthemdeliveredtotheirhomesatlowprices.Toenjoythe“Hangzhouenjoyablereading”service,onefirstneedstofollowthelibrary'sofficialWeChat❻account,_whichprovidesalistofbooks.Afterpickingbooks,borrowersarerequiredtopresenttheirinformationsuchastheirlibrarymembershipcards,cellphonenumbersandsoon.Theselecteditemswillbedeliveredbyexpresswithinthreedaysafter❼payments.Eachreadercanborrowupto5booksonceand20booksatmost❽in_total.Thebookscanbekeptforupto40days.Readersnowcanborrowthelibrary'smostpopularbooksinthisway.Theonlinebookswillbe❾renewedandenrichedgraduallyaccordingtoreaders'borrowinghabitsandpreferences.AttheendofDecember,thelibrary'soldandclassicbookswillbeputonlinetoo,makingthetotalnumberofbooksavailableandbringingborrowersalotofeq\o(○,\s\up1(10))convenience.课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·潍坊模拟)Super­stormSandyslammedintotheeasternUnitedStatesthreeyearsago.Thewind­drivenwatercausedalotofflooding,especiallyintheregion'ssubwaysystem.Nowtwoteenshaveinventedadevicethatcouldhelppreventfuturesubwayfloods.InNewYorkCityalone,Super­stormSandycausedanestimatedD|S19billionindamage.Muchoftheflood­watersenteredthesubwaysystemthroughitsventilationgrates(通风栅)．Thosemetalgrillsusuallylieatgroundlevel.Whenthesystemisshutdownaheadofaflood,engineerstrytocoverthosegrateswithplywood(胶合板)andsandbags.Butthefloodingoftenwashesawaythosemeasures,whichallowswatertoflowintothetunnels.Raisingthosegratesevenatinybitabovegroundlevelwouldcostalotofmoney.Otherideashaveincludedbuildingtallchimneysaroundtheholes.Thatwouldraisethegratesandcostalotofmoney,too.KyleandRaymondcameupwithadifferent,lessexpensiveidea.Theydesignedametalgratewithabuilt­in,adjustablecover.Whentrainsarerunning,onepartofthegrateslidesopentobringinfreshair.Butwhenthesystemisshutdown,thatpartcanbeslidshuttocompletelyblockthegrate.Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So,itwouldbesimple,theysay,toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement.Theirdesignincludestamper­prooffeatures,whichcanpreventoperationmistakes.Theymakesurethatpeopledon'tintentionallyshutoffairflowduringnormalconditions.Forpeoplewiththeproperkey,itwouldonlytakeaminuteortwotoclosethegrateaheadofaflood.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲解并描述两位少年独创了一种成本较低、好用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势。1．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thestepstooperategrates.B．Themeasurestopreventflood.C．Thefunctionofplywoodandsandbags.D．Thedisadvantageofpresentsubwaysystem.解析：选D段落大意题。依据其次段第一句可知，据估计超级风暴Sandy仅在纽约市就造成了价值190亿美元的损失。文章接下来分析了超级风暴造成的洪水沉没地铁的缘由：目前的地铁系统存在很大的弊端。故本题选D。2．Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthetwoteens'newinvention?A．Costly. B．Time­saving.C．Practical. D．Conventional.解析：选C推理推断题。依据文章最终一段第一、二句可知他们运用的栅栏和现在运用的栅栏大小一样，所以很简单就可以把旧的栅栏取出来，放入一个替换栅栏；再结合最终一段最终两句可知，新的装置操作起来也很便利。故选C。3．What'sthepurposeofdesigningthetamper­prooffeature?A．Toreplacetheoldgratecorrectly.B．Toclosethegrateaheadofaflood.C．Toensureairflowinnormalconditions.D．Tostopthetrainspeedingupunexpectedly.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第三、四句可知，设计干预防护的特点可以阻挡操作失误，有了干预防护，他们确保人们不会有意地在正常状况下关掉空气流通的功能，故本题选C。4．Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewsreport.B．Anadventurousstory.C．Anintroductiontonewequipment.D．Aguidebooktomakinggrates.解析：选A文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲解并描述了两位少年独创了一种成本较低、好用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势，应当属于新闻报道类文章，故选A。B(2024·兰州诊断)Childrenallovertheworldwhohavetriedthepotatoorlemonbatteryexperimentsknowthatanelectricalcurrentcanbegeneratedbycreatingareactionbetweenthefoodandtwodifferentmetals.However,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyhavefoundawaytoharvestpowerfromtrees.Theyusethesamemetalforbothelectrodes(电极)specificallyinordernottoconfusethiseffectwiththepotatoeffect.Whileprovingthattreescanprovideasourceofpowerisasignificantstep,akeyquestionremains:canthetinyvoltage(电压)producedbyatreebeusedforanythinguseful?Nowscientistsaredebatingoverhowtousethispowersourceforhumanbenefits.Themostpracticalthingisthefirealarmfortheforestdepartment,originatingfromthetreeitself.Theelectricpowerfromtreescanchargeabattery.Thisbatteryinturnwillbeconnectedtoasmallsensor.Thissensorwillpowerabriefradiotransmission(传送).Thatradiosignalwilltransportdailysoilandairconditionmeasurementstoanetworkofmuchlarger,solarpoweredForestServiceenvironmentalmonitoringstations.Thosesensorswillalsogiveoutacrisissignalintheeventofasuddenriseinairtemperaturethatmightindicatetheoutbreakofaforestfire.“Itrulybelieveithaspotential，”saidVictoriaHenderson,branchchiefforequipmentandchemicalsattheForestService'sNationalInteragencyFireCenter.“Ifthiscanenhance(提高)ourexistingtechnologytoadegreethatwouldgainusalotmorefireprotection,thenwe'dlookataplantopurchaseitforournationwideinfrastructure(基础设施),whichishuge.”ResearchershavediscoveredthatthegreaterthepHdifferencebetweenthetreeandthesoil,themoretheenergywillbeproduced.Someresearchersalsoadmitthat“treepower”isn'taspracticalassolarenergy,butbelievethatthesystemcouldbescaled­upasalow­costoptionforpoweringtreesensorsthathelpdetectenvironmentalconditionsorforestfires.Usingtheelectronicoutputtokeeptrackofatree'shealthisanotherpossibility.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木可以产电及实际产电功用。5．Whydoestheauthormentionthepotatobatteryexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainwhatitis.B．Tostresstheimportanceofelectricity.C．Tointroducethepowersourcefromtrees.D．Toencouragepeopletotrythisexperiment.解析：选C推理推断题。依据第一段其次句可知，作者在第一段中介绍马铃薯电池试验的目的是介绍来自于树木的电力。6．Whatdoweknowaboutthefirealarmmentionedinthethirdparagraph?A．Thefirealarmcanmakeaveryloudsound.B．Smokefromafirecancausethealarmtogooff.C．Theelectricpoweritneedscomesfromthetree.D．Ithasbeenwidelyusedintheforestdepartment.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Themostpracticalthingis...originatingfromthetreeitself”可知，火警警报所须要的电力来自于树。7．What'sVictoriaHenderson'sattitudetowardsthefirealarmsystem?A．Cautious. B．Favorable.C．Disapproving. D．Unconcerned.解析：选B观点看法题。依据第四段其次句“Ifthiscanenhance(提高)ourexistingtechnology...whichishuge”可知，VictoriaHenderson对火灾报警系统的看法是赞同的。8．Whatcausestreestocreateelectricalcurrents?A．Thesensorimplantedinthetree.B．Thenewwayadoptedbytheresearchers.C．Thespecialmetalusedinthebatteryexperiment.D．ThepHdifferencebetweenthesoilandthetree.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“ResearchershavediscoveredthatthegreaterthepHdifferencebetweenthetreeandthesoil,themoretheenergywillbeproduced”可知，树木产生电流的缘由是土壤和树木之间的pH值有差异。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·广州综合测试)Oneofmyteammatessaiditbestonourlastdayoftheseason：“Guys,youaremyfamily.Weareallbrothers.”Ourtennisteamismorethanjustagroupofindividualplayersthrown__1__；thereisafriendship__2__bynoothergroupwithwhichIhavebeeninvolved.Weare__3__，yetconnected.Wehavestudent­athletesfromallfouryearsofhighschool,fromdifferentpartsofthecity,andfromdifferentfamiliesandsocial__4__.Nevertheless,weareall__5__byasharedloveoftennis.Thetennisteam__6__tomebecauseitcontainstwothingsthatItreasuremost:tennisand__7__.EversinceIwastenyearsold,the__8__aspectoftennishasattractedmetothephysicalsport.Myfirsttenniscoachalwaysusedtosay,“Tennisis10%physicaland90%mental.”__9__thementalstrengthtostay__10__andcontrolledunderpressure,skillsare__11__.SometimesIfeellikeIhavetwo__12__inamatch:meagainstthepersonontheothersideofthenet,andmeagainstthepersoninsidemyhead,tellingmetohitabettershot.However,despitethe__13__pressuresoftennis,thebrotherhood__14__byworkingtogetherasateamhelpsspreadthe__15__ofthepressureoveranentiregroup.We__16__eachotheronandoffthecourt.Wedothisbecausewehavebecomea(n)__17__awayfromhome.IplaymybesttenniswhenIhavemyteam'sfullsupport,__18__intheknowledgethattheyarealwaysbackingme__19__.Iknowthateachoneofusputseverythingwehaveintoevery__20__whetherweareplayingorcheering.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们是有着不同背景的网球队员，对网球的酷爱使我们组成了一个大家庭；在竞赛中，由于得到了队员的全力支持，“我”经常能发挥出最佳球技。网球让我们成为好兄弟。1．A.around B．backC．forward D．together解析：选D依据语境可知，我们的网球队不仅仅是由单独的球员意外聚在一起的一个团队；由该句中的关键词“individualplayers”可推知，空处表示“使偶然相遇”，故D项正确。2．A.earned B．followedC．matched D．noticed解析：选C依据语境可知，我们的网球队有着其他队伍不能匹敌的友情。C项意为“相匹敌”，符合语境。A项意为“赢得，获得”，B项意为“跟随”，D项意为“留意到”，都与语境不符。3．A.courageous B．diverseC．motivated D．skillful解析：选B依据该句“Weare________，yetconnected”并结合下句“Wehavestudent­athletesfromallfouryearsofhighschool,fromdifferentpartsofthecity,andfromdifferentfamiliesandsocial________”可知，我们各不相同，但是彼此又有联系。B项意为“不同的，多样的”，符合语境。A项意为“有志气的”，C项意为“主动的，主动的”，D项意为“娴熟的，处理奇妙的”，都与语境不符。4．A.activities B．backgroundsC．responsibilities D．services解析：选B依据该句内容可推知，我们的社会背景各不相同。B项意为“背景”，符合语境。5．A.disturbed B．sponsoredC．trained D．united解析：选D依据语境可知，然而，对网球共同的爱把我们联合在一起。D项意为“团结的”，符合语境。6．A.continues B．returnsC．matters D．occurs解析：选C依据该句中的“becauseitcontainstwothingsthatItreasuremost”可知，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西，所以网球队对“我”重要。C项意为“重要”，符合语境。7．A.brotherhood B．childhoodC．entertainment D．society解析：选A依据上文中的“thereisafriendship”和最终一段中的“thebrotherhood”并结合选项可知，网球队对“我”重要，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西：网球和手足情意。A项意为“手足情意”，符合语境。B项意为“童年”，C项意为“消遣”，D项意为“社会”，都与语境不符。8．A.physical B．environmentalC．mental D．technical解析：选C依据下句“Myfirsttenniscoachalwaysusedtosay,‘Tennisis10%physicaland90%mental.’”可知，“我”的第一位网球教练过去常说，网球是10%的体力和90%的智力的体育运动；再结合该句可知，从“我”十岁起先，网球的智力要求就吸引着“我”参与该项体育运动。C项意为“智力的”，符合语境。9．A.Accordingto B．BeyondC．Inspiteof D．Without解析：选D依据语境可知，在压力下，假如没有智力来保持冷静并能克制，那么技巧是没有用的。D项意为“没有，缺乏”，符合语境。10．A.active B．calmC．hopeful D．silent解析：选B参见上题解析。B项意为“冷静的”，符合语境。A项意为“活跃的”，C项意为“抱有希望的”，D项意为“缄默的”，都与语境不符。11．A.contradictory B．difficultC．useless D．powerful解析：选C参见第9题解析。C项意为“无用的”，符合语境。A项意为“相反的”，B项意为“困难的”，D项意为“有力气的”，都与语境不符。12．A.opponents B．friendsC．goals D．risks解析：选A依据空后的“meagainstthepersonontheothersideofthenet,andmeagainstthepersoninsidemyhead,tellingmetohitabettershot”可知，有时“我”觉得在一场竞赛中“我”有两个对手。A项意为“对手”，符合语境。B项意为“挚友”，C项意为“目标”，D项意为“风险”，都与语境不符。13．A.unavoidable B．unreasonableC．unexpected D．unwelcome解析：选A依据语境并结合常识可知，在网球运动中压力是不行避开的。A项意为“不行避开的”，符合语境。B项意为“不合理的”，C项意为“未曾想到的”，D项意为“不受欢迎的”，都与语境不符。14．A.allocated B．createdC．imagined D．suspected解析：选B依据语境可知，该处指由全队成员团结一样而创建的手足情意。B项意为“创建”，符合语境。A项意为“安排”，C项意为“想象，设想”，D项意为“怀疑，猜想”，都与语境不符。15．A.area B．controlC．value D．weight解析：选D依据语境可知，手足情意会将这种压力的重量分布到整个群体中。D项意为“重量”，符合语境。A项意为“地区”，B项意为“限制”，C项意为“价值”，都与语境不符。16．A.support B．fightC．recognize D．teach解析：选A依据该句“We________eachotheronandoffthecourt”并结合下文的support可知，我们在球场上和球场下都彼此支持。A项意为“支持”，符合语境。B项意为“斗争”，C项意为“认出”，D项意为“教学”，都与语境不符。17．A.audience B．familyC．reason D．surprise解析：选B依据第一段中的“youaremyfamily”并结合全文内容可知，我们能彼此相互支持是因为我们已经成了一家人。18．A.anxious B．curiousC．sensitive D．secure解析：选D依据语境可知，当球队成员全力支持“我”的时候，“我”的球技发挥最佳，知道背后总是有他们热忱的支持，“我”就放心了。secureintheknowledgethat...为固定用法，意为“知道……就安心/放心了”，故D项正确。A项意为“焦急的”，B项意为“新奇的”，C项意为“敏感的”，都与语境不符。19．A.enthusiastically B．differentlyC．gradually D．intentionally解析：选A参见上题解析。A项意为“热忱地”，符合语境。B项意为“以不同的方式”，C项意为“渐渐地”，D项意为“有意地”，都与语境不符。20．A.dream B．personC．match D．team解析：选C句意：我知道我们每个人在每一场竞赛中都尽自己所能，不管我们是在参赛还是在加油助威。C项意为“竞赛”，符合语境。Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·湖北七市联考)Weuseflowersasmessengers,tosaysomethingwemighthavetroublesaying__1__(direct)ourselves.Overtimeflowershavecometosymbolizethemostpowerfulhumanexperiences:beauty,love,hope,andrebirth.Sweetflowersalonecansay__2__onefearsexpressing.We'velistedsomeofthemostfamousflowers__3__haveaspecialsignificance.InMaoZedong'spoemOdetothePlumBlossom(《咏梅》),theplumblossomwasused__4__(praise)greatsoldierswhosacrificedtheirlivesforabetterlifeforChinesepeople.__5__greatChinesepoetLiBaifromtheTangDynastyoncecomparedYangYuhuan'sbeautifulfacetobloomingpeonies(牡丹).FloweringinMay,