依据线索词汇巧解阅读七选五-2025年高考英语题型技巧解读（含解析）

专题二阅读理解七选五

第2讲依据线索词汇，巧解阅读七选五

、近五年高考英语七选五考情分析

年份体裁话题线索词汇考查情况（代词/同义词、近义词/反义涉及线干扰项与线索词汇相关特点

词/数字/连接词）索词汇

的题目

数量

2019说明文介绍提代词：“it”指代提升记忆力的某种方法；同义4设置干扰项使用与原文部分同

升记忆词、近义词：“enhance”与"improve"，“recall”义词，但逻辑关系错误，如将

力的方与“remember”等；连接词：“firstly""secondly”因果关系表述为并列关系。

法表顺序，"therefore”表因果

2020议论文讨论在代词：“they”指代在线教育相关的事物；同义4干扰项中出现与原文线索词相

线教育词、近义词：“advantage"与"merit",同的词汇，但语义与上下文不

的利弊“disadvantage"与"drawback"；反义词：符，利用考生对词汇的熟悉度

“convenient"与“inconvenient”；连接词：误导。

"however"表转折，"moreover”表递进

2021记叙文讲述作代词：“this”指代作者之前害怕舞台的情况；3干扰项设置与原文同义词相

者克服同义词、近义词："fear"与"dread","overcome”关，但与记叙文的情节发展不

舞台恐与“conquer”；连接词：“but"表转折,"then”契合，偏离作者的情感变化和

惧的经表时间顺序行动逻辑。

历

2022说明文关于健代词：“them”指代各类健康食物；同义词、4干扰项包含与原文线索词汇相

康饮食近义词：“nutritiousw与“healthy","consume"关的表述，但对健康饮食的建

的建议与“eat”；数字：提到食物摄入量的数字，如议错误，与上下文语义矛盾，

“afewtimesaweek”；连接词："also”表递如错误搭配食物种类。

进，“besides”表补充

2023说明文介绍环代词：“it”指代某种环保出行方式；同义词、4干扰项使用与原文线索词类似

保出行近义词：“environmentally-friendly”与的表达，但逻辑关系错误，如

方式“eco-friendly”,ualternativew与“substitute”；将不同出行方式的特点错误对

反义词：“polluting”与“clean”；连接词：“in比或关联。

addition,,表递进，“while”表对比

二、命题特征

1.线索词汇考查全面：从近五年考情看，代词、同义词/近义词、反义词、数字和连接词等

各类线索词汇均有涉及，且每年考查的线索词汇类型多样，要求考生全面掌握利用不同线索

词汇解题的方法。

2.与文章体裁紧密相关：不同体裁的文章，线索词汇的运用和考查重点有所不同。说明文常

通过同义词、反义词来解释概念或对比特点，连接词用于阐述逻辑关系；议论文利用连接词

表明观点的论证逻辑，通过反义词突出观点的对立；记叙文则借助代词指代事件或人物，连

接词推动情节发展。

3.干扰项设置有规律：干扰项常围绕线索词汇设置陷阱，利用考生对词汇的熟悉度，设置看

似相关但逻辑错误或语义不连贯的选项，增加解题难度。

三、解题技巧

1.代词线索

•技巧：找到设空前后的代词，明确其指代对象，根据指代关系选择与之匹配的选项。

•真题典例：（2021年真题）

•原文：Learninganewlanguageisachallengingbutrewardingexperience.Itrequirestimeand

effort.Itcanopenupnewcareeropportunitiesandculturalexperiences.

,选项：A.Acquiringanewlanguageskilltakespatience.

,解析：文中"it”指代uLearninganewlanguagev,A选项"Acquiringanewlanguageskill"

与"Learninganewlanguage“同义，"it"与"Acquiringanewlanguageskill”指代一致，所

以A选项正确。

2.同义词、近义词线索

•技巧：留意选项和原文中意思相近的词汇，这些词汇能提示语义的连贯性，帮助确定答案。

•真题典例：（2019年真题）

•原文：Acomfortablehomeofficeshouldbewell-lit.Naturallightisideal,butifthat'snot

possible,investingoodartificiallighting.Acozyworkspacecanimproveyourproductivity.

,选项：B.Createacozyenvironmentforyourworkarea.

•解析：原文中“comfortable”与选项中“cozy”是近义词，都在描述家庭办公室的环境特

点，语义连贯，所以B选项正确。

3.反义词线索

•技巧：当发现原文中有反义词时，思考选项中是否存在与之呼应的语义，通过对比关系选

择合适选项。

•真题典例：（2020年真题）

•原文：Socialmediacanstrengthenourconnectionswithfriendsandfamily,butitcanalso

weakenface-to-facecommunicationskills.

,选项：D.Weshouldbalancetheuseofsocialmediatoavoidweakeningrealrelationships.

,解析：原文中"strengthen"与"weaken”是反义词，选项D中“avoidweakeningreal

relationshipsv与原文中"weakenface-to-facecommunicationskills”语义相关，且体现了对

“weaken”这一情况的应对，所以D选项正确。

4.数字线索

•技巧：关注文章中的数字，分析数字之间的逻辑关系，如时间顺序、数量增减等，选择符

合数字逻辑的选项。

•真题典例：（2021年真题）

•原文：Itisrecommendedtospendatleast30minutesadaystudyinganewlanguage.After

severalmonthsofconsistentpractice,youwillstarttoseesignificantprogress.

•选项：E.Consistentpracticeoveraperiodofmonthsiskeytomasteringanewlanguage.

•解析：原文中“30minutesaday"和“severalmonths”体现了学习时间的要求和阶段,选

项E中aConsistentpracticeoveraperiodofmonths”与原文数字相关的逻辑一致，强调了几

个月持续练习的重要性，所以E选项正确。

5.连接词线索

・技巧：根据连接词判断句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、递进等，选择符合逻辑关系

的选项。

•真题典例：（2023年真题）

•原文：Smarthomedevicesoffergreatconvenience.Moreover,theycanenhancethesecurityof

yourhome.

•选项：F.Inadditiontoconvenience,smarthomedevicesprovideaddedsecurityfeatures.

•解析：原文中“moreover”表示递进关系，选项F中“Inadditionto”同样表示递进，且

“convenience"和“security”与原文表述一致，逻辑连贯，所以F选项正确。

四、易错失分点

1.线索词汇遗漏：由于阅读速度过快或粗心，未能发现文章和选项中的关键线索词汇，导致

无法利用线索解题。

2.指代关系错误：对代词的指代对象判断失误，选择了与指代关系不符的选项。

3.逻辑关系误判：对连接词所表达的逻辑关系理解错误，或者没有注意到同义词、反义词所

体现的语义关系，从而选错答案。

4.数字逻辑混乱：没有正确理解数字之间的逻辑顺序或数量关系，被干扰项中错误的数字逻

辑所误导。

5.受干扰项迷惑:干扰项中出现与线索词汇相关的信息，但整体语义或逻辑与上下文不匹配,

考生因缺乏对上下文的整体把握而选择了干扰项。

五、实战演练

（七）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途

选项。

Informalconversationisanimportantpartofanybusinessrelationship.]Latin

Americansenjoysharinginformationabouttheirlocalhistory,art,andcustoms.Theyexpect

questionsabouttheirfamilyandaresuretoshowpicturesoftheirchildren.TheFrenchthinkof

conversationasanartform.2Forthem,argumentscanbeinteresting—andtheycancover

prettymuchoranytopic—aslongastheyoccurinarespectfulandintelligentmanner.

IntheUnitedStates,businesspeopleliketodiscussawiderangeoftopics,includingopinions

aboutwork,family,hobbies,andpolitics.3Theydonotsharemuchabouttheirthoughts,

feelings,oremotionsbecausetheyfeelthatdoingsomighttakeawayfromtheharmonious

businessrelationshipthey'retryingtobuild.MiddleEasternersarealsoprivateabouttheirpersonal

livesandfamilymatters.Itisconsideredrude,forexample,toaskabusinessmanfromSaudi

Arabiaabouthiswifeorchildren.

4Thiscangetyouintotrouble,evenintheUnitedStates,wherepeoplehold

differentviews.Sportsistypicallyafriendlysubjectinmostpartsoftheworld,althoughbecareful

nottocriticizeanationalsport.5

A.Instead,befriendlyandpraiseyourhosfsteam.

B.YoumayfeelfreetoaskyourLatinAmericanfriendssimilarquestions.

C.Beforeyoustartadiscussion,however,makesureyouunderstandwhichtopicsaresuitable

inaparticularculture.

D.InJapan,China,andKorea,however,peoplearemuchmoreprivate.

E.Inaddition,discussingone'ssalaryisusuallyconsideredunsuitable.

F.Theyenjoythevalueoflivelydiscussionsaswellasdisagreements.

G.Asageneralrule,ifsbestnottotalkaboutpoliticsorreligionwithyourbusinessfriends.

（八）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

71Itisanewtermintoday'stourismindustry.Butinanageofgrowingenvironmental

awareness,itisnottoodifficultforustoimagineandunderstandthisnewformofholiday.

Ecotourism,whichisconsideredasakindofresponsibletourism,istypicallydefined（定义）

astraveltoplaceswherespecialandunusualplants,animalsandculturalheritages（遗产）arethe

mainattractions.72Therefore,programsconcerningtheprotectionofsomenaturalandcultural

spotsalsoformapartofecotourism.

Ecotourismisdevelopingatgreatspeed.AccordingtoarecentreportbytheWorldTourism

Organization,ecotourisminrecentyearshasenjoyedanannualgrowthofabout5%

worldwide.73Theyincludebirdwatching,hiking,diving,photographyandtakingpartin

variouskindsoflocalculturalevents.

74However,itlookslikesomesmallertownsandcountryareasmaywellbecomethenew

destinationsforpeopletovisittomorrowbecausetheyarerichinecological,culturalandhistorical

resources.

Ecotourismhasbeengainingincreasingrecognitionandpopularitymainlyfortherelaxing,

naturalandvividexperienceitofferstotourists.Peopleareattractedtonatureandlongtobeclose

toit.However,aconflictbetweennatureandhumanbeingsisunavoidable.75

A.Thedefinitionofecotourismisbeyondwords.

B-Ittakesecology（生态学）andcultureintoconsideration.

C.Youmaynotbeveryfamiliarwith"ecotourism".

D.Morethan80activitieshavebeenlistedforecotourism.

E.Peoplecanhavegreatfunenjoyingnaturethroughecotourism.

F.Bigcitiesarestillthemajorplacesthatattracttouristsinoursocietytoday.

G.Howtoprotectnaturalresourceswhiletakingadvantageofthemisofgreatimportance.

（七）七选五答案

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途

选项。

（七）七选五答案

1-5CFDGA

同题异构（7）

阅读理解。

Informalconversationisanimportantpartofanybusinessrelationship.Beforeyoustarta

discussion,however,makesureyouunderstandwhichtopicsaresuitableandwhichare

consideredtaboo（禁忌）inaparticularculture.LatinAmericansenjoysharinginformation

abouttheirlocalhistory,art,andcustoms.

Youmayexpectquestionsaboutyourfamily,andbesuretoshowpicturesofyourchildren.You

mayfeelfreetoasksimilarquestionsofyourLatinAmericanfriends.TheFrenchthinkof

conversationasanartform,andtheyenjoythevalueoflivelydiscussionsaswellas

disagreements.Forthem,argumentscanbeinteresting-andtheycancoverprettymuchorany

topic-aslongastheyoccurinarespitefulandintelligentmanner.

IntheUnitedStates,businesspeopleliketodiscussawiderangeoftopics,including

opinionsaboutwork,family,hobbies,andpolitics.InJapan,China,andKorea,however,

peoplearemuchmoreprivate.Theydonotsharemuchabouttheirthoughts,feelings,or

emotionsbecausetheyfeelthatdoingsomighttakeaway

fromtheharmoniousbusinessrelationshipthey'retryingtobuild.MiddleEasternersarealso

privateabouttheirpersonallivesandfamilymatters.Itisconsideredrude,forexample,toask

abusinessmanfromSaudiArabiaabouthiswifeorchildren.

Asageneralrule,it'sbestnottotalkaboutpoliticsorreligionwithyourbusinessfriends.

Thiscangetyouintotrouble,evenintheUnitedStates,wherepeopleholddifferentreligious

views.Inaddition,discussingone*ssalaryisusuallyconsideredunsuitable.Sportsistypically

afriendlysubjectinmostpartsoftheworld,althoughbecarefulnottocriticizeflnational

sport.Instead,befriendlyandpraiseyourhoststeam.

1.Theauthorconsiderspoliticsandreligion.

A.cheerfultopics

B.taboo

C.rudetopics

D.topicsthatcanneverbetalkedabout

2.Whichistypicallyafriendlytopicinmostplacesaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Sports.

B.Children.

C.Personalfeelings.

D.Families.

3.WhyarepeoplefromAsiamoreprivateintheirconversationwithothers?

A.Theydon'twanttotalkmuchwithothers.

B.Theydon'twanttohavetheirgoodrelationshipwithothersharmedbyinformalconversation.

C.Theyareafraidtoarguewiththeircolleagues.

D.Theywanttokeeptheirfeelingstothemselves.

4.Whatshouldn'tyoudowhentalkingaboutsportswithcolleaguesfromanothercountry?

A.Praisingyourowncountry'ssports.

B.Criticizingyourowncountry'ssports.

C.Praisingthesportsofyourcolleagues*country.

D.Criticizingthesportsofyourcolleagues*country.

阅读理解参考答案

1-4:BABD

小题1:B

小题2:A

小题3:B

小题4:D

非正式谈话是任何商业联系中的一个重要组成部分，不过谈话时，可别无所顾忌，一定要适

可而止。

小题1:语义理解题。从最后一段第1句话Asgeneralrule,it'sbestnottotalkaboutpolit

icsorreligion（宗教）withyourbusinessfriends可以明显看出答案为什么选B。

小题2:细节题。命题依据是最后一段第4句话Sportsistypicallyafriendlysubjectinmost

partsoftheworldo

小题3:判断题。从第2段第3句话…becausetheyfeelthatdoingsomighttakeawayfrom

theharmonious（和谐的）businessrelationshipthey'retryingtobuild可以推知。

小题4:语义理解题。根据最后一段第4句话中的…althoughbecarefulnottocriticizeanat

ionalsport可知答案为D。

七选五（八）答案

你也许不熟悉所谓的生态旅游

在今天的旅游产业里，这是个新名词,但是在正在发展的环境认知领域里，这些年里，这个新形

态的假日休闲模式并不难想象和理解.

生态旅行，被认为是一种可靠地旅游方式,通常被定义为，去一些特别和有稀有动，植物和文化

遗产的地方旅行,这些都是主要的亮点.他同时都考虑到了生态和文化的结合.所以，同样

考虑到自然和文化的地点的保护，就构成了生态旅行的一部分.

生态旅行正在飞速发展.根据近期一个WTO（世界旅游组织）的报告，生态旅行在近些年来以

每年5%的速度在世界范围内增长.

1-5CBDFG

（九）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途

选项。

IwastenwhenIfirstsatwithmygrandmotherbehindthecashier（收银台）inhergeneral

store.71Iquicklylearnedtheimportanceoftreatingcustomerspolitelyandsaying"thank

you.”

AtfirstIwaspaidincandy.72Iworkedeverydayafterschool,andduringthesummer

andonweekendsandholidaysfrom8a.m.to7p.m.Myfatherhelpedmesetupabank

account.73

BythetimeIwas12,MygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromoted

metosellingcosmetics（化妆品）.Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye.

EventhoughIwasjustakid,womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas"WhatcolordoyouthinkI

shouldwear?"Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywanted

intomakeup（化妆）ideas.74

Thejobtaughtmeavaluablelesson:tobeasuccessfulsalesperson,youdidn'tneedtobeaRocket

scientist-youneededtobeagreatlistener.75Excepttheyarenolongerwomenpurchasing

cosmeticsfromme;instead,theyarekidswhotellmewhichtoystheywouldliketoseedesigned

anddeveloped.

A.LaterIreceived50centsanhour.

B.Beforelong,sheletmesittherebymyself.

C.Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics.

D.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.

E.Mygrandma'strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.

F.SoonIfoundmyselflookingmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.

G.WatchingmymoneygrowwasmorerewardingthananythingIcouldhavebought.

（十）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途

选项。

Doctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotion,unlessyoulearnhowtodealwith

it.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdisease,stomachproblems,headaches,emotional

problemsandpossiblycancer.

71Somepeopleexpressangeropenlyinacalmreasonableway.Othersburstwithanger,

andscreamandyell.Butotherpeoplekeeptheirangerinside.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.

Thisiscalledrepressinganger.

Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson9shealth

thanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhenapersonisangry,thebrainreleasesthesamehormones（荷

尔蒙）.Theyspeedtheheartrate,raisebloodpressure,orsugarintotheblood,etc.72

Somedoctorssaythatbothrepressingandexpressingangercanbedangerous.Theybelieve

thatthosewhoexpressangerviolentlymaybemorelikelytodevelopheartdisease,andthey

believethatthosewhokeepangerinsidemayfaceagreaterdangerofhighbloodpressure.

73Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseof

theanger,thendecideifthecauseisseriousenoughtogetangryabout.Ifitis,theysay,

“74Waituntilyourangerhascooleddownandyouareabletoexpressyourselfcalmlyand

reasonably.”

Doctorssaythatagoodwaytodealwithangeristofindhumorinthesituationthathasmade

youangry.75

A.Ingeneralthepersonfeelsexcitedandreadytoact.

B.Theysaythatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.

C.Expressingangerviolentlyismoreharmfulthanrepressingit.

D.Angermaycauseyouacancer.

E.Donotexpressyourangerwhileangry.

F.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.

G.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.

（九）参考答案

小题71:B

小题72:A

小题73:G

小题74:C

小题75:D

小题71:选B。从后一句Iquicklylearnedtheimportanceoftreatingcustomerspolitelyandsaying

“thankyou”.可推知，作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学，然后让作者独立工作，所以他很快懂

得有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。

小题72:选Ao前面有atfirst,和本项中的later一致。

小题73:选Go根据前一句的Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.可确定答案。

小题74:选C。同样根据前一句确定答案。

小题75:选Do上文提到avaluablelesson,这里承接上下文。

七选五（十）参考答案

71—75FAGEB

阅读理解。

Doctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotion,unlessyoulearnhowtodealwith

it.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdisease,stomachproblems,headaches,emotional

problemsandpossiblycancer.

Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.Somepeopleexpressanger

openlyinacalmreasonableway.Othersburstwithanger,andscreamandyell.Butotherpeople

keeptheirangerinside.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.Thisiscalledrepressinganger.

Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson's

healththanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhen