2025年中考英语二轮复习学案：动词及其分类

Session1Verbsanditsclassification

动词

♦动词分类

*动词时态

♦被动语态

・非谓语动词

♦词根词缀

Partone动词的分类

1.及物动词TransitiveVerb和不及物动词IntransitiveVerb

英语中根据动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词与及物动词。

及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主+谓+宾"；"主+谓+双宾"；"主+谓+宾+宾

补”结构。

HereachedParisthedaybeforeyesterday.

Pleasehandmethebookoverthere.

Theyaskedmetogofishingwiththem.

不及物动词后不能跟宾语，只能用于"主+谓"结构

ThisistheroomwhereIoncelived.

不及物动词如果要加宾语，必须在其后先添加介词，如t。,of,at,然后可加上宾语。不及

物动词没有被动语态。

Studentsarelisteningtothemusic.

Shealwayslaughsatme.

2.谓语动词PredicativeVerb和非谓语动词Non-predictiveVerb

谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词，有及物动词和不及物动词、系动词、情态动词、和

助动词等。

Heworksveryhard.

Mymotherbringsmeanumbrella.

Itisasunnydaytoday.

Lilycanswimwell.

Tomwillbecomeascientistwhenhegrowsup.

非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定

式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独

立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。

PartTwo动词的时态

时态种类时态构成

一般现在时态(SimplePresentTense)write(writes)

一般过去时态(SimplePastTense)wrote

一般将来时态(SimpleFutureTense)will(shall)write

过去将来时态(PastFutureTense)should(would)write

过去进行时(PastPresentTense)be(was,were)writing

现在进行时(SimplePresentTense)be(am,is,are)writing

现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)have(has)written

过去完成时(PastPerfectTense)hadwritten

现在完成进行时(PresentPerfectProgressivehave(has)beenwriting

tense)

过去完成进行时(PastPerfectProgressivetense)hadbeenwriting

〜句子填空：选用括号里的词的正确形式完成句子

1.Hekeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture(belong)tothewell-

educated.

2.Ifhe(follow)myadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.

3.Tomislookingforthewatchhisuncle(give)himlastmonth.

4.You'dbetterstayuntiltherain(stop).

5.1(ride)mybicycletothebookshopwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.I

wasallwetthrough.

Partthree动词的被动语态

动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。主要有下列几种情况：不知道动作的执行者;

没有必要指出动作的执行者；需要强调或突出动作承受者；句子的主语是动作的承受者。

以tell为例，其被动语态的构成如下：

时态种类被动语态

一般现在时be(am,is,are)told

一般过去时be(was,were)told

现在进行时

be(amzis,are)beingtold

现在完成时have(has)beentold

一般将来时shall(will)betold

过去进行时be(was,were)beingtold

过去完成时hadbeentold

过去将来时should(would)betold

含有情态动词

can(mayzmust)betold

尸0句子填空：选用括号里的词的正确形式完成句子

1.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings(build)inourschoolin

thenextsemester.

6.Mymotherisn'tathomenow.She(ask)togoshopping.

PartFour非谓语动词

非谓语动词不受主语的限定，没有人称和数的变化，具有名词、开乡容词和副词的特征，在

句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。故又称非限定动词。

不定式

1.Tofinishtheworkin10minutesisveryhard.

2.Hisjobistocleanthehall.

3.Myteacherorderedustofinishthehomework.

4.Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.

动名词

Readingaloudisveryhelpful.

Intheantcity,thequeensjobislayingeggs.

Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool?

Theyhaven7tfinishedbuildingthehouse.

现在分词

Inthefollowingyears,heworkedevenharder.

Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.

Youcanhearhersinginginthenextroom.

Workinginthefactory,heisanadvancedworker.

过去分词

Thewindowisbroken.

Ourclasswentonanorganizedtriplastweek.

Praisedbyhisneighbors,hebecametheprideofhisparents.

曾

1u句子填空：选用括号里的词的正确形式完成句子

1.WhenIarriveathome,Ismellsomething(burn)inthekitchen.

2.1havealotofreadings(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.

3.(encourage)bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetup

windfarmsontheirland.

4.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit(grow)onhisown

farm.

5.Hisfirstbook(publish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.

6.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone(repair)firstis

thelibrary.

Partfive词根词缀

一个单词可由前缀+词根+后缀组成。词根可以是表示实际意义的词，前缀与后缀通常

不能单独用作单词，只能附加在实义词上表示一定意义，前缀多用来限定单词的功能与方

向，后缀多用来引导词性。

①常见的动词词缀

en如sharpen,strengthen,threaten,enlarge,enable

ate如frustrate,demonstrate,differentiate

fy使……化，如beautify,satisfy,terrify,purify

ize使...成为，如realize,organize,specialize,globalize

②常见的名词词缀

-ce如difference,importance,entrance

-or/er如actor,visitor,writer,speaker,reader,player

-ment如development,management,movement,encouragement

-tion如discussion,collection,education,production,introduction

③常见的形容词缀

-able如comfortable,suitable,reliable,reasonable,fashionable

-ous如dangerous,adventurous,mysterious

-ful如handful,mouthful,careful,sorrowful

选词成句：选择合适的单词完成下列各句

1.Thousandsofforeigners(A)attendedtotheBeijingOlympic

Games.(B)attained

(C)attracted

(D)attached

■

「kHomework

1.一Howabouttheexhibitionyesterday?

—Itwasverynoisy,butthatdidn'tme.

A.impress

B.hurt

C.change

D.bother

2.—Howaboutgoinghikingthisweekend?

—Sorry.Iprefer____ratherthan

A.togoout;stayathome

B.tostayathome;goout

C.stayingathome;togoout

D.goingout;stayathome

3.WorldExpo2010ShanghaiChinapeoplefromallovertheworldtothe

theme"BetterCity,BetterLife".

A.attends

B.attracts

C.allows

D.advises

4.Theyoungmanusedtotowork,butheisusedtotoworknow.

A.drive;walking

B.drove;walked

C.drive;walks

D.driving;walk

5.—Look!Thereisatalltreeoverthere.Canyou,Dave?

—Yeszletmeatry.

A.fallitoff;make

B.senditup;tohave

C.comeitdown;give

D.climbitup;have

6.—It'sraining,Daisy.Pleaseanumbrellawithyou.

—Thanks.I'llreturnittoyouwhenIbacknextweek.

A.take;come

B.take;willcome

C.bring;come

D.bring;willcome

7.—TheSummerPalaceiswonderful.Haveyouevervisitedanyother

interestingplaces?

—Yes.Also,wetotheGreatWall.

A.havegone

B.havebeen

C.hadgone

D.hadbeen

8.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsagowhenweataradiostationtogether.

A.haveworked

B.hadbeenworking

C.wereworking

D.hadworked

9.一I'mafraidnoonewillagreeyou.

—Idon'tthinkit.

A.with;minds

B.with;matters

C.on;works

D.in;trouble

10.Whenyouatthedoor,ITVwithmyparents.

A.knocked;watched

B.wasknocking;watched

C.knocked;waswatching

D