2024年二级翻译专业资格历年真题答案

2024年二级翻译专业资格历年真题答案汇总综合能力部分词汇与语法题1.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound______ontheeconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.A.affectB.effectC.affectionD.efficacy答案：B解析：“affect”是动词，意为“影响”；“effect”是名词，“haveaneffecton”是固定搭配，表示“对……有影响”；“affection”意为“喜爱，感情”；“efficacy”意为“功效，效力”。根据句子结构，这里需要一个名词，所以选B。2.______withthedifficulties,wemusttryourbesttoovercomethem.A.FacingB.FacedC.TofaceD.Beingfaced答案：B解析：“befacedwith”是固定短语，意为“面临”。在这个句子中，“Facedwiththedifficulties”是过去分词短语作状语，相当于“Becausewearefacedwiththedifficulties”，所以选B。3.Sheisoneofthefewstudentswho______passedthedifficultexam.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are答案：B解析：在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词要与复数名词保持一致。这里先行词是“students”，所以定语从句的谓语用复数形式，“passed”是过去分词，前面要用助动词“have”，选B。4.Theprofessorgaveusavery______explanationofthetheory.A.clearB.clearlyC.clarityD.cleared答案：A解析：“explanation”是名词，前面需要用形容词来修饰。“clear”是形容词，意为“清晰的”；“clearly”是副词；“clarity”是名词；“cleared”是动词的过去式和过去分词。所以选A。5.______itistohaveacolddrinkonsuchahotday!A.WhatafunB.HowfunC.WhatfunD.Howafun答案：C解析：“fun”是不可数名词，感叹句结构“what+(形容词)+不可数名词+其他成分”，所以用“Whatfun”，选C。阅读理解题Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasgainedincreasingattentionaroundtheworld.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Itinvolvesabalancebetweeneconomicgrowth,socialwell-being,andenvironmentalprotection.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopmentistheuseofrenewableenergysources.Renewableenergy,suchassolar,wind,andhydropower,iscleanandinexhaustible.Unlikefossilfuels,whicharefiniteandcausesignificantenvironmentalpollution,renewableenergycanprovidealong-termsolutiontotheworld'senergyneeds.Anotherimportantfactorissustainableagriculture.Sustainableagriculturepracticesfocusonminimizingtheuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,conservingwater,andprotectingsoilhealth.Byadoptingthesepractices,farmerscanproducefoodinamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainableway.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofeconomicgrowth.B.Theconceptandkeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopment.C.Theuseoffossilfuels.D.Thedevelopmentofagriculture.答案：B解析：文章开篇介绍了可持续发展的概念，随后分别阐述了可持续发展的两个关键方面——可再生能源的使用和可持续农业，所以文章的主旨是可持续发展的概念和关键方面，选B。2.Whyarerenewableenergysourcesconsideredimportantforsustainabledevelopment?A.Theyarecheap.B.Theyarecleanandinexhaustible.C.Theyareeasytoproduce.D.Theyaremorepowerfulthanfossilfuels.答案：B解析：文中提到“Renewableenergy,suchassolar,wind,andhydropower,iscleanandinexhaustible.Unlikefossilfuels,whicharefiniteandcausesignificantenvironmentalpollution,renewableenergycanprovidealong-termsolutiontotheworld'senergyneeds.”，说明可再生能源清洁且取之不尽，对可持续发展很重要，选B。3.Whatdosustainableagriculturepracticesfocuson?A.Usingmorechemicalfertilizers.B.Wastingwater.C.Minimizingtheuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,conservingwater,andprotectingsoilhealth.D.Producingmorefoodatanycost.答案：C解析：根据“Sustainableagriculturepracticesfocusonminimizingtheuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,conservingwater,andprotectingsoilhealth.”可知，可持续农业实践注重减少化肥和农药的使用、节约用水和保护土壤健康，选C。笔译实务部分汉译英原文：中国正处于快速发展的阶段，在经济、科技等多个领域取得了显著成就。近年来，中国的科技创新能力不断提升，高铁、5G技术等成为了中国的新名片。同时，中国也在积极推动绿色发展，加大对环境保护的投入，致力于建设美丽中国。译文：Chinaisinastageofrapiddevelopmentandhasmaderemarkableachievementsinmultiplefieldssuchastheeconomyandtechnology.Inrecentyears,China'sscientificandtechnologicalinnovationabilityhasbeencontinuouslyimproved.High-speedrailwaysand5GtechnologyhavebecomenewcallingcardsofChina.Meanwhile,Chinaisalsoactivelypromotinggreendevelopment,increasinginvestmentinenvironmentalprotection,andiscommittedtobuildingabeautifulChina.解析：-“处于……阶段”翻译为“beinastageof...”；“取得显著成就”是“makeremarkableachievements”。-“科技创新能力”是“scientificandtechnologicalinnovationability”；“新名片”翻译为“newcallingcards”。-“推动绿色发展”是“promotegreendevelopment”；“致力于”用“becommittedto”。英译汉原文：TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessible,communicationfaster,andbusinesstransactionsmoreconvenient.Withthedevelopmentofe-commerce,peoplecannowbuyandsellproductsonline,whichhasgreatlychangedthetraditionalbusinessmodel.Moreover,socialmediaplatformshaveallowedpeopletoconnectwitheachotheracrosstheglobe,breakingdowngeographicalbarriers.译文：互联网彻底改变了我们的生活和工作方式。它让信息更容易获取，通信更快捷，商业交易更便利。随着电子商务的发展，人们现在可以在网上买卖商品，这极大地改变了传统商业模式。此外，社交媒体平台使人们能够在全球范围内相互联系，打破了地理障碍。解析：-“revolutionize”意为“彻底改变”；“make+宾语+形容词”表示“使……怎么样”。-“e-commerce”是“电子商务”；“breakdown”有“打破，消除”的意思。更多题目补充综合能力词汇语法6.Thecompanyisplanningamajor______toexpanditsmarketshare.A.campaignB.combatC.conflictD.contest答案：A解析：“campaign”有“活动、运动”之意，“marketingcampaign”常表示营销活动，这里公司计划开展一个重大活动来扩大市场份额，符合语境；“combat”主要指战斗、格斗；“conflict”强调冲突、矛盾；“contest”侧重于竞赛、比赛。所以选A。7.Thechildrenwere______bythestorytheoldmantold.A.absorbedB.attractedC.distractedD.retained答案：B解析：“beattractedby”是固定表达，意为“被……吸引”；“beabsorbedin”表示“全神贯注于”；“distracted”意为“分心的”，“bedistractedby”是“被……分心”；“retained”意为“保留、保持”。这里孩子们是被老人讲的故事吸引，选B。8.Shehasa______forlanguagesandcanpickupnewonesquickly.A.giftB.talentC.skillD.ability答案：A解析：“haveagiftfor”是固定短语，意思是“在……方面有天赋”；“talent”强调天生的才能，但一般不与“havea...for”搭配；“skill”侧重于技能、技巧；“ability”是能力的统称。所以选A。9.Thenewregulationswillcomeinto______nextmonth.A.effectB.useC.forceD.practice答案：C解析：“comeintoforce”是固定用法，表示“生效、实施”；“comeintoeffect”也有“生效”的意思，但“comeintoforce”更常用；“comeintouse”是“开始使用”；“comeintopractice”是“开始实行、开始应用”。这里说新规定下个月生效，选C。10.Weshouldnotbetoo______aboutmakingmistakesinlanguagelearning.A.sensitiveB.sensibleC.sentimentalD.sensational答案：A解析：“besensitiveabout”表示“对……敏感”，在语言学习中我们不应该对犯错过于敏感；“sensible”意为“明智的、理智的”；“sentimental”是“多愁善感的”；“sensational”表示“轰动的、耸人听闻的”。所以选A。综合能力阅读理解Passage2Urbanizationisaglobaltrendthathasbeenacceleratinginrecentdecades.Asmoreandmorepeoplemovefromruralareastocities,citiesarefacingaseriesofchallenges.Oneofthemostpressingissuesishousing.Thedemandforhousingincitiesisincreasingrapidly,whilethesupplyisoftenlimited.Thishasledtosoaringhousingpricesinmanyurbanareas,makingitdifficultforlow-incomefamiliestoaffordahome.Anotherchallengeistransportation.Withthegrowthoftheurbanpopulation,thenumberofvehiclesontheroadshasincreasedsignificantly.Thishasresultedintrafficcongestion,longercommutingtimes,andincreasedairpollution.Toaddresstheseproblems,citiesneedtoinvestinpublictransportationsystems,suchassubways,buses,andlightrail.1.Whatisthemainproblemcausedbytheincreasingdemandforhousingincities?A.Thequalityofhousingisdeclining.B.Housingpricesarerisingrapidly.C.Therearenotenoughbuildingmaterials.D.Low-incomefamiliesaremovingoutofcities.答案：B解析：文中提到“Thedemandforhousingincitiesisincreasingrapidly,whilethesupplyisoftenlimited.Thishasledtosoaringhousingpricesinmanyurbanareas”，说明城市住房需求增加而供应有限导致房价飞涨，选B。2.Whataretheconsequencesofthegrowthoftheurbanpopulationontransportation?A.Morepeopleareusingbicycles.B.Trafficcongestionandairpollutionhavedecreased.C.Therearemorevehiclesontheroads,leadingtotrafficcongestion,longercommutingtimes,andincreasedairpollution.D.Publictransportationsystemsaremorepopular.答案：C解析：根据“Withthegrowthoftheurbanpopulation,thenumberofvehiclesontheroadshasincreasedsignificantly.Thishasresultedintrafficcongestion,longercommutingtimes,andincreasedairpollution.”可知，城市人口增长使路上车辆增多，导致交通拥堵、通勤时间变长和空气污染加剧，选C。3.Howcancitiessolvethetransportationproblems?A.Bybanningprivatecars.B.Byreducingtheurbanpopulation.C.Byinvestinginpublictransportationsystems.D.Bybuildingmoreroads.答案：C解析：文中提到“Toaddresstheseproblems,citiesneedtoinvestinpublictransportationsystems,suchassubways,buses,andlightrail.”，说明城市可以通过投资公共交通系统来解决交通问题，选C。笔译实务汉译英原文：文化交流是促进不同国家和民族相互了解的重要途径。通过文化交流，人们可以欣赏到不同风格的艺术作品，了解到各地的风俗习惯。中国有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化，愿意与世界各国分享自己的文化成果，同时也积极吸收其他国家的优秀文化。译文：Culturalexchangeisanimportantwaytopromotemutualunderstandingamongdifferentcountriesandethnicgroups.Throughculturalexchange,peoplecanappreciateartworksofdifferentstylesandlearnaboutthecustomsandtraditionsofvariousplaces.Chinahasalonghistoryandsplendidculture.Itiswillingtoshareitsculturalachievementswithcountriesaroundtheworldandatthesametimeactivelyabsorbtheexcellentculturesofothercountries.解析：-“促进相互了解