重庆市长寿区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（B卷） 含解析

长寿区2024年秋期高中期末质量监测高二年级英语试题（B卷）注意事项1.考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分。试题卷总页数：8页。2.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。3.需要填涂的地方，一律用2B铅笔涂满涂黑。需要书写的地方一律用0.5MM签字笔书写。4.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、学校、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。一、单词辨音（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）从下面每题ABCD四个选项中选出划线部分的读音与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同的词。1.A.eve B.help C.she D.these2.A.nut B.but C.just D.pull3.A.hurt B.hurry C.nurse D.return4.A.worth B.force C.short D.north5.A.hope B.smoke C.lose D.whole6.A.lie B.field C.pie D.tie7.A.weak B.cheap C.break D.leave8.A.hardly B.war C.warmer D.quarter9.A.air B.pair C.repair D.fairy10A.want B.wash C.past D.watch【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.D10.C【解析】【1题详解】A.eve/iːv/前夕；B.help/help/帮助；C.she/ʃiː/她；D.these/ðiːz/这些，对比可知，B选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选B。【2题详解】A.nut/nʌt/坚果；B.but/bʌt/但是；C.just/dʒʌst/只是；D.pull/pʊl/拉。对比可知，D选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选D。【3题详解】A.hurt/hɜːt/伤害；B.hurry/ˈhʌri/急忙；C.nurse/nɜːs/护士；D.return/rɪˈtɜːn/返回。对比可知，B选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选B。【4题详解】A.worth/wɜːθ/值得；B.force/fɔːs/迫使；C.short/ʃɔːt/短的；D.north/nɔːθ/北方。对比可知，A选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选A。【5题详解】A.hope/həʊp/希望；B.smoke/sməʊk/烟雾；C.lose/luːz/失去；D.whole/həʊl/全部的。对比可知，C选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选C。【6题详解】A.lie/laɪ/撒谎；B.field/fiːld/领域；C.pie/paɪ/馅饼；D.tie/taɪ/系。对比可知，B选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选B。【7题详解】A.weak/wiːk/虚弱的；B.cheap/tʃiːp/便宜的；C.break/breɪk/打破；D.leave/liːv/离开。对比可知，C选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选C。【8题详解】A.hardly/ˈhɑːdli/几乎不；B.war/wɔː(r)/战争；C.warmer/ˈwɔːmə(r)/更暖的；D.quarter/ˈkwɔːtə(r)/四分之一。对比可知，A选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选A。【9题详解】A.air/eə(r)/空气；B.pair/peə(r)/一对；C.repair/rɪˈpeə(r)/修理；D.fairy/ˈfeəri/仙子。对比可知，D选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选D。【10题详解】A.want/wɒnt/想要；B.wash/wɒʃ/洗涤；C.past/pɑːst/过去的；D.watch/wɒtʃ/观看。对比可知，C选项与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同，故选C。二、交际运用（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）A用所给句子补全下面一段对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。A:Hi,canIhelpyou?B:Yes.___11___Iwanttoborrowsomebooks.A:Sure.Whatkindofbooksareyouinterestedin?B:Ilikenovels.___12___A:Letmecheck.Oh,wehavemanynewnovelshere.___13___B:That’sgreat.HowmanybookscanIborrowatatime?A:___14___B:OK.I’llborrowthesetwo.___15___A:Youcankeepthemfortwoweeks.Remembertoreturnthemontime.A.Doyouhaveanynewarrivals?B.HowlongcanIkeepthem?C.I’mlookingforthelibrarycard.D.MayIhavealook?E.Youcanborrowuptofivebooks.F.Ican’tfindthebookIwant.G.I’manewmemberofthislibrary.【答案】11.G12.A13.D14.E15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇对话。叙述了A与B之间关于借书的对话。【11题详解】根据下文“Iwanttoborrowsomebooks.(我想借一些书)”以及“HowmanybookscanIborrowatatime?(我一次可以借几本书？)”可知上文应表达自己是新来的，需要帮助，选项G“我是这家图书馆的新成员”符合语境。故选G项。【12题详解】根据上文“Ilikenovels.(我喜欢小说)”以及下文“Letmecheck.Oh,wehavemanynewnovelshere.(让我查一下。哦，我们这里有很多新小说。)”可知，此处在询问是否有新书籍，选项A“你有新的到货吗？”符合语境。故选A项。【13题详解】根据上文“Oh,wehavemanynewnovelshere(哦，我们这里有很多新小说)”可知，此处承接上文，指出自己要看一下，以此确认。故D选项“我可以在看一看吗”符合语境。故选D项。【14题详解】根据上文“HowmanybookscanIborrowatatime?(我一次可以借几本书？)”可知，选项承接上文回答上文的问题。故E选项“你一次最多可以借五本书”符合语境。故选E项。【15题详解】根据下文“Youcankeepthemfortwoweeks.Remembertoreturnthemontime.(你可以借两个星期。记得按时还书)”可知，上文在询问借书持续时间。故B项“我可以借多久？”切题。故选B项。B用所给句子补全下面一段对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。A:Hi,Jack.It’saniceday,isn’tit?B:Yes,itis.___16___A:Ithinkit’ssunnyandwarm.It’sagreatdayforoutdooractivitiesB:You’reright.___17___A:I’mplanningtohaveapicnicinthepark.Whataboutyou?B:Imightgocycling.___18___A:Ihopeitstayslikethisforthewholeweekend.B:Metoo.___19___A:Oh,really?ThenIshouldprepareforit.B:Yeah.Maybeyouneedtotakeanumbrellaorsomething.A:Thanksfortheadvice.___20___B:Haveanicedaytoo.A.Haveaniceday.B.Whatareyougoingtodo?C.What’sthetemperaturetoday?D.Howdoyoulikethisweather?E.It’smuchbetterthanyesterday.F.Buttheweatherforecastsaidtheairissofresh.G.Buttheweatherforecastsaidtheremightbeashowertomorrow.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇对话。A和B谈论了计划和天气。【16题详解】根据下文“Ithinkit'ssunnyandwarm.(我觉得天气晴朗又暖和)”可知，上文在询问天气。故D选项“你觉得天气怎么样？”切题。故选D项。【17题详解】根据下文“I'mplanningtohaveapicnicinthepark.(我打算去公园野餐)”可知，上文在询问打算做什么。故B选项“你打算做什么？”切题。故选B项。【18题详解】根据下文“Ihopeitstayslikethisforthewholeweekend.(我希望整个周末都是这样)”可知，上文在叙述天气的情况。下文说明对天气的期望。故E选项“今天比昨天好多了。”切题。故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文“Oh,really?ThenIshouldprepareforit.(哦,真的吗?那我应该做好准备)”可知，选项承接下文说明准备的原因是因为天气的变化。故G选项“但是天气预报说明天可能有阵雨”切题。故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文“Thanksfortheadvice.(谢谢你的建议)”可知，选项在表达祝福。故A选项“祝你有愉快的一天”切题。故选A项。三、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASingaporeisasmallbutreallynicecountryinSoutheastAsia.Itisfamousforitsprettygardens,new-lookingarchitectureandyummyfood.OneplaceyoumustgotoisGardensbytheBay.Thereareverybigandspecialplantstherethatyoucan'tfindinmanyotherplaces.TheSupertreeGroveisverywell-known.Thesereallybigman-madetreesarenotonlynicetolookatbutalsocangetsolarenergy.AnotherpopularplaceisMarinaBaySands.ItshotelbuildingwithatoplikeashipisasignofSingapore.Youcanseeagreatviewofthecityfromtheplacewhereyoucanlookout.Andtheshoppingcenterinsidehaslotsoffancybrandsanddifferentkindsoffoodtocat.Whenwetalkaboutfood,HainaneseChickenRiceislikedalotbythepeoplethere.Thesoftchickenandnice-smellingricegotogetherverywell.AndyoushouldalsotrytheChiliCrab.Thecrabmeatthatisalittlespicyandsweetisreallydelicious.Forgettingaround,theMRT（MassRapidTransit）isveryhandy.Itcantakeyoutoalmosteverypartofthecityfastandeasily.Youcanalsotaketaxis,buttheycostabitmore.21.WhatisSingaporefamousfor?A.Onlyitslargezoos. B.Gardensarchitectureandfood.C.Ancienttemples. D.Highmountains.22.What'sspecialabouttheSupertreeGroveinGardensbytheBay?A.Ithasonlysmallplantsfromlocalareas.B.Itismadeupofnaturaltreeswithhealingpowers.C.Itcangetsolarenergyandhasalightshowatnight.D.Itisaplaceforscientificexperimentsonplantsonly.23.WhatcanyoudoatMarinaBaySands?A.Onlystayinthehotelandplaygolf.B.Seeagoodviewofthecityandgoshopping.C.Swimwithdolphinsinitspools.D.Watchliveconcertsallday.24.WhichfoodislikedbythepeopleinSingaporeaccordingtothetext?A.Onlyaspecialtypeofsushi.B.Italianpastadishes.C.Justplainbreadandbutter.D.HainaneseChickenRiceandChiliCrab.25.WhatisaconvenientwaytotravelinSingapore?A.TheMRTsystem. B.Onlybybus.C.Onlybytaxi. D.Bybike.【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.D25.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新加坡的一些著名景点、美食及便捷的出行方式。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SingaporeisasmallbutreallynicecountryinSoutheastAsia.Itisfamousforitsprettygardens,new-lookingarchitectureandyummyfood.(新加坡是东南亚的一个小而美丽的国家，以其漂亮的花园、新颖的建筑和美味的食物而闻名)”可知，新加坡以花园、建筑和食物著称。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesereallybigman-madetreesarenotonlynicetolookatbutalsocangetsolarenergy.(这些非常大的人工树不仅好看，还能获得太阳能)”可知，滨海湾花园的超树丛能获得太阳能，并且在夜晚有灯光秀。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Youcanseeagreatviewofthecityfromtheplacewhereyoucanlookout.Andtheshoppingcenterinsidehaslotsoffancybrandsanddifferentkindsoffoodtocat.(你可以从可以眺望的地方看到城市的美景。内部的购物中心有许多漂亮的品牌和各种各样的食物)”可知，在金沙酒店你可以看到城市的美景并且购物。故选B。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenwetalkaboutfood,HainaneseChickenRiceislikedalotbythepeoplethere.Thesoftchickenandnice-smellingricegotogetherverywell.AndyoushouldalsotrytheChiliCrab.(当我们谈到食物时，海南鸡饭很受那里的人的喜爱。软嫩的鸡肉和香喷喷的米饭很配。你也应该试试辣椒蟹)”可知，新加坡人喜欢海南鸡饭和辣椒蟹。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Forgettingaround,theMRT(MassRapidTransit)isveryhandy.Itcantakeyoutoalmosteverypartofthecityfastandeasily.(为了出行，地铁（大众快速交通）非常方便。它可以快速轻松地带你到城市的几乎每个角落)”可知，地铁系统是新加坡便捷的出行方式。故选A。BItwasaboringafternoon.Darkcloudswerealloverthecity.Iwasgoingtogohomefromschoolwhenheavyrainbegan.Ididn’thaveanumbrellaandstoodundertheschoolroof,waitingfortheraintostop.Butitbecameheavier,andthewindwasblowinghardandtherainwashittingtheground.Justthen,anoldladyinablueraincoatcametomewithablackumbrella.“Child,noumbrella?”sheaskedinaniceway.Inodded.Shesmiledandsaid,“Takethis.Ilivecloseby.”Itookitandwasverythankful.Hereyeswerefullofkindness,whichmademefeelgoodrightaway.Iwalkedhomeundertheumbrella.Theraindidn’tstop,butIfeltwarm.Theraindropshittheumbrella,makinganicesound.Aftergettinghome,IthoughtImustgivetheumbrellaback.Itmademefeelwarmandshowedmethatpeoplecanbenice.Thatkindactoftheoldladywasagoodthinginabadday,andittoldmethatevenwhenthingsarenotgood,peoplecanstillbekindtoeachother.26.Whatwastheweatherlikebeforetherainstarted?A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Windy. D.Clear27.Whatwastheoldlady’smannerlikewhenshecametothewriter?A.Shewasinahurryandseemedimpatient. B.Shewascalmandwalkedwithasteadypace.C.Shewascautiousandwalkedcarefully. D.Shewaseagerandwalkedquickly.28.Whatdidtheoldlady’seyesshow?A.Anger. B.Sadness. C.Careless. D.Kindness.29.Thewriterfeltwarmonthewayhomemostlybecause________.A.Theumbrellakepttherainoff.B.Theideaofgivingbacktheumbrella.C.Theoldlady’sniceactionandwhattheumbrellameant.D.Thenoiseoftherainontheumbrella.30.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?A.Theneedtohaveanumbrellaforrain. B.Thenicesideofnatureeveninbadweather.C.Thekindnessofstrangersandhowgreatitis. D.Thetroubleofgoinghomeintherain.【答案】26.B27.B28.D29.C30.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者某天放学时下了雨，而作者没有带伞，这时一位老太太把自己的伞给了作者，让作者感到温暖。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Darkcloudswerealloverthecity.(乌云笼罩了整个城市)”可知，下雨前的天气是多云的。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Justthen,anoldladyinablueraincoatcametomewithablackumbrella.“Child,noumbrella?”sheaskedinaniceway.Inodded.Shesmiledandsaid,“Takethis.Ilivecloseby.”(就在这时，一位穿着蓝色雨衣的老太太拿着一把黑伞向我走来。“孩子，没有伞吗？”她和蔼地问。我点了点头。她笑着说：“拿着这个。我就住在附近。”)”可知，老太太来到作者面前时，她很平静，走得很稳。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hereyeswerefullofkindness,whichmademefeelgoodrightaway.(她的眼神充满了善意，这让我立刻感觉很好)”可知，老太太的眼睛显示出好意。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theraindidn’tstop,butIfeltwarm.Theraindropshittheumbrella,makinganicesound.Aftergettinghome,IthoughtImustgivetheumbrellaback.Itmademefeelwarmandshowedmethatpeoplecanbenice.Thatkindactoftheoldladywasagoodthinginabadday,andittoldmethatevenwhenthingsarenotgood,peoplecanstillbekindtoeachother.(雨没有停，但我感到暖和。雨滴打在伞上，发出悦耳的声音。到家后，我想我必须把伞还给他。这让我感到温暖，让我知道人也可以是善良的。老太太的善举在糟糕的日子里是一件好事，它告诉我，即使在事情不顺利的时候，人们仍然可以善待彼此)”可知，作者在回家的路上感到温暖，主要是因为老妇人的善举和雨伞的意义。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Itmademefeelwarmandshowedmethatpeoplecanbenice.Thatkindactoftheoldladywasagoodthinginabadday,andittoldmethatevenwhenthingsarenotgood,peoplecanstillbekindtoeachother.(这让我感到温暖，让我知道人也可以是善良的。老太太的善举在糟糕的日子里是一件好事，它告诉我，即使在事情不顺利的时候，人们仍然可以善待彼此)”结合主要讲述了作者某天放学时下了雨，而作者没有带伞，这时一位老太太把自己的伞给了作者，让作者感到温暖。可知，这个故事的主旨是陌生人的善良是多么伟大。故选C。CGiantpandasareveryspecialanimalsonlyfoundinChinaandgetalotofattentionaroundtheworld.Theylookreallycutewithblackandwhitefurandthespecialblackpartsaroundtheireyes.Youcantellthemaparteasily.ThesepandasmostlyliveinbambooforestsinthemountainsincentralandwesternChina,likeinSichuan,ShaanxiandGansu.Bambooisalmostalltheyeat.Anadultpandaspends12to16hoursadayeatingbambootohaveenoughenergy.Eventhoughtheyareinthemeat-eatinganimalgroup,theynowmainlyeatbamboo.Theirbodieshavechangedabittohandleallthatbamboo,buttheystillhavesomethingslikeashortgutthatmeat-eatershave.It’snoteasyforpandastohavebabies.Femalepandasareonlyreadytohavebabiesforashorttimeinspringandit’shardforthemtogetpregnant.Whentheydogetpregnant,thebaby-carryingtimecanbedifferent,from83to200days.Newbornpandasareverysmall,onlyabout100grams,likealittlemouseandveryweak.Toprotectthem,pandasaregiventhehighestlevelofprotectioninChina.Manynatureareashavebeenmadetogivethemsafeplacestolive.Peoplealsodoalotofscienceworkandhelpthemhavebabies.Inspecialplaces,peopleusegoodwaystotakecareofbabypandasandthenletsomeofthemgobacktothewildtomakemorepandasinnature.Thisisveryimportantforpandastokeeplivingandgrowingasagroup.31.Whatcoloristhegiantpanda’sfur?A.Blackandwhite. B.Onlywhite.C.Onlyblack. D.Brownandwhite.32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaplacewheregiantpandasmainlylive?A.ThebambooforestsinSichuan.B.ThemountainsinGansu.C.ThebeachesinHainan.D.TheforestsinShaanxi.33.Howmuchtimedoesanadultpandaspendeatingbambooaday?A.6-8hours. B.12-16hours.C.20-24hours. D.3-5hours.34.Theword“pregnant”intheparagraph.3probablymeans________.A.thetimewhenpandaseatbambooB.thetimewhenpandassleepC.theperiodofcarryingyounginsidethebodybeforebirthD.thetimewhenpandasplay35.Whatcanweinferfromthetextaboutthefutureofgiantpandas?A.Theywilldefinitelygoextinctsoon.B.Theywillallmovetoothercountries.C.Theirnumberwillstaythesamenomatterwhat.D.Withprotectionefforts,theirpopulationmayincrease.【答案】31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述大熊猫的生活习惯、饮食特点以及繁殖难度等，同时介绍了人们为了保护大熊猫所做的各种努力。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theylookreallycutewithblackandwhitefurandthespecialblackpartsaroundtheireyes.(它们看起来非常可爱，有黑白相间的毛发以及眼睛周围特殊的黑色部分)”可知，熊猫的毛是黑白相间的。故选A。32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThesepandasmostlyliveinbambooforestsinthemountainsincentralandwesternChina,likeinSichuan,ShaanxiandGansu.(这些熊猫大多生活在中国中部和西部的竹林中，如四川、陕西和甘肃的山区)”可知，熊猫主要生活在四川、陕西和甘肃的竹林中，而在海南的沙滩上根本没有熊猫。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Anadultpandaspends12to16hoursadayeatingbambootohaveenoughenergy.(一只成年熊猫每天花12到16个小时吃竹子以获得足够的能量)”可知，熊猫每天花12到16个小时吃竹子。故选B。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“It’snoteasyforpandastohavebabies.Femalepandasareonlyreadytohavebabiesforashorttimeinspringandit’shardforthemtogetpregnant.Whentheydogetpregnant,thebaby-carryingtimecanbedifferent,from83to200days.(熊猫不容易生育。雌性熊猫只有在春季的短时间内才有可能怀孕，并且它们很难怀孕。当它们pregnant时，怀孕期可以不同，从83天到200天)”可知，怀孕期可以不同，从83天到200天。此处pregnant指“在出生前在体内孕育幼崽的时期”。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Toprotectthem,pandasaregiventhehighestlevelofprotectioninChina.Manynatureareashavebeenmadetogivethemsafeplacestolive.Peoplealsodoalotofscienceworkandhelpthemhavebabies.Inspecialplaces,peopleusegoodwaystotakecareofbabypandasandthenletsomeofthemgobacktothewildtomakemorepandasinnature.(为了保护它们，熊猫在中国受到最高级别的保护。许多自然区域已经建成，为它们提供了安全的居住场所。人们也做了很多科学工作，并帮助他们生孩子。在特殊的地方，人们用好的方法照顾熊猫宝宝，然后让他们中的一些回到野外，在自然界中哺育更多的熊猫)”可推知，随着保护工作的进行，熊猫的数量可能会增加。故选D。DSolarenergyisacleanpower.Itcomesfromthesun.Insidethesun,nuclearfusion(核聚变)takesplace.Thisgivesoutalotofenergyinlightandheat.Wecanusesolarenergyindifferentways.Solarpanels(太阳能电池板)changesunlightintoelectricity.Theyareoftenmadeofsilicon(硅).Manyhomesandbigsolarpowerstationsusethem.Solarwaterheatersarealsopopular.Theyheatwaterforourdailyuse.Anotherwayissolarthermal(热的)power.Itusesspecialsystemstomakeheatandthenelectricity.Solarenergyhasgoodpoints.Itisrenewable.Aslongasthesunshines,wehaveit.Itisalsofriendlytoourenvironment.Itdoesnotmakemuchgreenhousegas.Butithasbadpointstoo.Itsenergyisnotverydense.Weneedbigareastogetenough.Anditdependsontheweatherandday-nightcycle.Still,withnewtechnology,wehopetouseitbetter.36.Whatmakessolarenergy?A.Thesun’slight. B.Thesun’snuclearfusionC.Thesun’sgravity. D.Thesun’satmosphere.37.Whatisusedtomakesolarpanels?A.Wood. B.Clay. C.Rubber. D.Silicon.38.Theword“dense”intheparagraph.3means________.A.Thick. B.Thin. C.Weak. D.Strong.39.Whichisaproblemofsolarenergy?A.Itistoonoisy. B.Itishardtofind.C.Itdependsonweather. D.Itistooexpensivetouse.40.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtomakesolarenergyathome.B.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsolarenergy.C.Whysolarenergyisthebestenergy.D.Thehistoryofsolarenergyresearch.【答案】36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是太阳能的利用以及太阳能的优缺点。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Solarenergyisacleanpower.Itcomesfromthesun.Insidethesun,nuclearfusion(核聚变)takesplace.Thisgivesoutalotofenergyinlightandheat.(太阳能是一种清洁能源。它来自太阳。在太阳内部，核聚变发生了。它以光和热的形式释放出大量的能量。)”可知，太阳能来自于太阳的核聚变。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Solarpanels(太阳能电池板)changesunlightintoelectricity.Theyareoftenmadeofsilicon.(太阳能电池板将太阳光转化为电能。它们通常是由硅制成的。)”可知，制造太阳能电池板用的是硅。故选D项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上一句“Butithasbadpointstoo.(但它也有缺点。)”和下一句“Weneedbigareastogetenough.(我们需要很大的区域来获得足够的能量。)”可知，太阳能的缺点肯定是能量不密集，所以要获得足够的能量，我们需要很大的区域。划线单词dense的意义为“密集的；浓密的”，与thick意义相近。故选A项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Anditdependsontheweatherandday-nightcycle.(这取决于天气和昼夜循环。)”可知，太阳能的一个问题是它依靠天气。故选C项。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述的是太阳能的利用以及太阳能的优缺点。所以，B项“Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsolarenergy.(太阳能的优点和缺点。)”概括了本文的主旨大意。故选B项。四、阅读补全（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）HowtoMakeYourMemoryBetterMemoryisveryimportantinourlife.Ithelpsuslearnnewthings,rememberfacts,andhavegoodfriendships.____41____Butsometimes,wemayfindithardtorememberwell.Herearesomeeasywaystohelpyou.Getgoodsleep.Sleepisreallyimportantformakingourmemoriesstronger.Whenwesleep,ourbrainsworktoputthethingswelearnedinorderandsavethem.____42____Ifwedon’tsleepenough,wewillhavetroublepayingattentionandremembering.____43____.Ourbrainsarelikeourbodypartsthatneedexercise.Youcandosimplepuzzles,readfunbooks,trytolearnanewlanguagealittle,orplayabasicmusicalinstrument.Theseactivitiesmakeourbrainsdosomeworkandgetbetter.Thesethingsmakeourbrainsthinkandstaysharp.Anothergoodwayistobeorganized.Ifyoukeepyourroom,yourstudytable,andyourlifeinorder,itwillbeeasierforyourbraintofindandrememberinformation.Youcanuseacalendartowritedownimportantdays,makeato-dolistfortasks,andusefolderstokeeppapers.____44____Thisway,youknowwhereeverythingisanddon’tgetstressedlookingforthem.Finally,liveahealthylife.Eatinggoodfoodlikefruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andnottoomuchfattymeatgivesourbrainstherightfoodtoworkwell.Also,movingourbodiesbydoingexerciseoftenhelpsmorebloodgotoourbrains.____45____A.Keepyourmindbusy.B.Letyourbrainhaveagoodrest.C.Weallwanttohaveasupermemory.D.Ifyourplaceismessy,itcanstopyoufromfocusing.E.Ahealthybodyhelpsourmindandmemorytobegood.F.It’sthetimewhenthebrainarrangesandkeepsmemories.G.Thishelpsyourecallwherethingsareandlessenstheworryoffindingthem.【答案】41.C42.F43.A44.G45.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何让你的记忆力变得更好的几种方法和建议。【41题详解】根据前文“Memoryisveryimportantinourlife.Ithelpsuslearnnewthings,rememberfacts,andhavegoodfriendships.(记忆在我们的生活中非常重要。它帮助我们学习新事物，记住事实，并拥有良好的友谊。)”提到记忆在我们的生活中非常重要。以及后文“Butsometimes,wemayfindithardtorememberwell.(但有时，我们可能会发现很难记住东西)”提到可能会发现很难记住东西。C选项Weallwanttohaveasupermemory.(我们都想拥有超强的记忆力。)可知，承上启下，既说明了因为记忆重要所以我们都想要好的记忆力，又引出了后文记忆不好的情况。故选C项。【42题详解】根据前文“Sleepisreallyimportantformakingourmemoriesstronger.Whenwesleep,ourbrainsworktoputthethingswelearnedinorderandsavethem.(睡眠对于增强我们的记忆力非常重要。当我们睡觉时，我们的大脑会整理我们学到的东西并保存它们。)”提到睡眠对于增强我们的记忆力非常重要。F选项It’sthetimewhenthebrainarrangesandkeepsmemories.(这是大脑整理和保存记忆的时间。)可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，“It”指代前面的“whenwesleep”，进一步解释了睡眠时大脑整理和保存记忆。故选F项。【43题详解】根据后文“Ourbrainsarelikeourbodypartsthatneedexercise.Youcandosimplepuzzles,readfunbooks,trytolearnanewlanguagealittle,orplayabasicmusicalinstrument.Theseactivitiesmakeourbrainsdosomeworkandgetbetter.(我们的大脑就像我们身体的各个部位一样需要锻炼。你可以做简单的谜题，读有趣的书，尝试学一点新语言，或者弹奏一种基本的乐器。这些活动让我们的大脑进行一些工作并变得更好。)”可知这部分主要讲的是要让大脑忙碌起来，进行各种活动锻炼大脑，A选项Keepyourmindbusy.(让你的大脑忙碌起来)可知，符合这部分的主旨，适合作为该段的小标题。故选A项。【44题详解】根据前文“Anothergoodwayistobeorganized.Ifyoukeepyourroom,yourstudytable,andyourlifeinorder,itwillbeeasierforyourbraintofindandrememberinformation.Youcanuseacalendartowritedownimportantdays,makeato-dolistfortasks,andusefolderstokeeppapers.(另一个好方法是有条理。如果你保持你的房间、书桌和生活井然有序，你的大脑就会更容易找到并记住信息。你可以用日历写下重要的日子，为任务列一个待办事项清单，并用文件夹保存文件。)”提到保持条理性。以及后文“Thisway,youknowwhereeverythingisanddon'tgetstressedlookingforthem.(这样，你就知道所有东西在哪里，并且在寻找它们时不会感到压力。)”G选项Thishelpsyourecallwherethingsareandlessenstheworryoffindingthem.(这有助于你回忆起东西在哪里，并减少寻找它们的担忧。)可知，“This”指代前面有条理的做法，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。【45题详解】根据前文“Finally,liveahealthylife.Eatinggoodfoodlikefruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andnottoomuchfattymeatgivesourbrainstherightfoodtoworkwell.Also,movingourbodiesbydoingexerciseoftenhelpsmorebloodgotoourbrains.(最后，要过健康的生活。吃像水果、蔬菜、全谷物这样的健康食物，并且不要吃太多肥肉，这能给我们的大脑提供良好工作所需的营养。此外，经常通过锻炼来活动身体有助于让更多的血液流向我们的大脑。)”讲的是要过健康的生活。E选项Ahealthybodyhelpsourmindandmemorytobegood.(健康的身体有助于我们的思维和记忆力良好。)，总结了健康的生活方式（包括健康饮食和锻炼）对思维和记忆力的好处。故选E项。五、完形填空（共15小题，每小题各2分，共30分）Onesunnyday,agroupofstudentsweregoinghomeafterschool.Theywerechattinghappily.Suddenly,theysawanoldman____46____besidetheroad.Theoldmanlookedinpainandcouldn’twalkeasily.Thestudentsstopped____47____.Lucy,akindgirl,said,“Let’shelphim.”Butsomestudentswere____48____.Theyfearedgettingintotroubleorbeinglate.Lucypaidno____49____totheirfear.Shewenttotheoldmanandaskedsoftly,“Areyouokay?”Theoldmansaidhisanklewashurt.Lucythentoldherclassmates,“Let’sgethimtothebench.”Somestudentsagreedandtheyall____50____toassisttheoldman.Theywalkedslowly,____51____hisweight.Whentheyreachedthebench,theoldmanthankedthem____52____.Hesaid,“You’regoodkids.It’sgreattoseeyoungoneshelping.”Afterthat,thestudentsfeltdifferent.Theyknewhelpingbringsasenseof____53____.Thenextday,theirteachersawthechange.Lucytoldthestory.Theteachersaid,“Youlearnedanimportant____54____.Kindnessmatters.Evenasmallactcan_____55_____abigdifference.”Fromthenon,thestudentswerealwaysreadytohelp.Theyknewsimpleactsofkindnesscouldmaketheworldnicer.Andtheywouldnever_____56_____tohelpwhenneeded.Theybecamemore_____57_____andhelpfulinschoolandthecommunity.Theyrealizedthattheycouldmakeabetterplace_____58_____doingkindthings.Whenevertheyfacedsomeoneinneed,theywouldrememberthatdayandtheoldmanontheroad,andtheywouldnot_____59_____toofferahelpinghand.Becausetheyknewitwasthe_____60_____thingtodo.46.A.standing B.sitting C.lying D.walking47.A.atonce B.atlast C.atleast D.atfirst48.A.excited B.surprised C.afraid D.angry49.A.care B.attention C.mind D.thought50.A.refused B.forgot C.failed D.tried51.A.sharing B.losing C.increasing D.reducing52.A.coldly B.warmly C.softly D.slowly53.A.humor B.freedom C.duty D.satisfaction54.A.book B.lesson C.skill D.sport55.A.make B.find C.start D.save56.A.hope B.remember C.expect D.refuse57.A.friendly B.nervous C.honest D.patient58.A.against B.through C.without D.before59.A.hope B.remember C.expect D.hesitate60.A.right B.wrong C.hard D.easy【答案】46.C47.A48.C49.A50.D51.A52.B53.D54.B55.A56.D57.A58.B59.D60.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学生在帮助一位受伤老人后意识到帮助别人会带来满足感，简单的善举可以让世界变得更美好，并且变得更加乐于助人。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他们看到一个老人坐在路边。A.standing站立；B.sitting坐；C.lying躺；D.walking走。根据下文“Theoldmanlookedinpainandcouldn’twalkeasily.”以及下文“ Theoldmansaidhisanklewashurt.Lucythentoldherclassmates,“Let’sgethimtothebench.””可知，老人可能是坐在路边的。故选C。【47题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：学生们立即停了下来。A.atonce立即；B.atlast最后；C.atleast至少；D.atfirst起初。根据上文“Suddenly,theysawanoldman____1____besidetheroad.Theoldmanlookedinpainandcouldn’twalkeasily.”以及下文Lucy说的话“Let’shelphim”可知，学生们见状立即停了下来，准备帮助老人。故选A。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有些学生害怕。A.excited兴奋的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.afraid害怕的；D.angry生气的。根据下文“Theyfearedgettingintotroubleorbeinglate.”可知，有些学生害怕，他们担心惹上麻烦或迟到。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：露西对他们的恐惧毫不在意。A.care关心；B.attention注意；C.mind心思，头脑；D.thought思想。根据下文“Shewenttotheoldmanandaskedsoftly,“Areyouokay?””可知，露西对他们的担心害怕毫不在意。故选A。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些学生同意了，他们都努力帮助老人。A.refused拒绝；B.forgot忘记；C.failed失败；D.tried尝试，努力。根据上文“Lucythentoldherclassmates,“Let’sgethimtothebench.””、“Somestudentsagreed”以及下文“Theywalkedslowly,

___6___

hisweight.”可知，有些学生同意去帮助老人，并且努力去帮助老人。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们慢慢走，分担着他的体重。A.sharing分担；B.losing失去；C.increasing增加；D.reducing减少。再根据上文“Theoldmanlookedinpainandcouldn’twalkeasily.”、“Theoldmansaidhisanklewashurt.”以及以及下文“Whentheyreachedthebench”可知，老人的一只脚踝受伤了，这些学生们帮助把老人扶到长椅那边，由此可知，在此过程中他们共同分担老人的体重。故选A。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们到达长椅时，老人热情地感谢他们。A.coldly冷淡地；B.warmly热情地；C.softly柔软地；D.slowly慢慢地。根据上文“Somestudentsagreedandtheyall

___5___toassisttheoldman.”可知，老人得到了学生们的帮助，因此他热情地感谢学生们。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道帮助别人带来满足感。A.humor幽默；B.freedom自由；C.duty责任；D.satisfaction满足感。根据上文“theoldmanthankedthem

___7__.Hesaid,“You’regoodkids.It’sgreattoseeyoungoneshelping.””以及“Afterthat,thestudentsfeltdifferent.”可知，这些学生在帮助老人后得到了老人的感谢与夸奖，在那之后，学生们感觉不一样了，由此可知，此处指他们认识到帮助别人带来满足感。故选D。54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师说，“你们学到了重要的一课。”A.book书；B.lesson课；C.skill技能；D.sport运动。根据上文“Theyknewhelpingbringsasenseof___8___.

”以及下文“Kindnessmatters.Evenasmallactcan____10____abigdifference.”可知，老师认为这些孩子从他们帮助老人的这件事中学会了重要的一课。故选B。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即便是一个小小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。A.make制造；B.find找到；C.start开始；D.save拯救。根据上文“Afterthat,thestudentsfeltdifferent.Theyknewhelpingbringsasenseof

______.”可知，同学们帮助了老人后感觉不一样了，他们明白帮助别人获得满足感，结合“Kindnessmatters”可知，此处指即便是一个小小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。固定搭配搭配makeadifference意为“产生影响”，符合句意。故选A。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们再也不会拒绝在需要时提供帮助。A.hope希望；B.remember记得；C.expect期待；D.refuse拒绝。根据上文“Fromthenon,thestudentswerealwaysreadytohelp.”可知，他们在被别人需要的时候，他们不会拒绝提供帮助。故选D。【57题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在学校和社区里变得更加友好和乐于助人。A.friendly友好的，友善的；B.nervous紧张的；C.honest诚实的；D.patient有耐心的。由上文“Fromthenon,thestudentswerealwaysreadytohelp.Theyknewsimpleactsofkindnesscouldmaketheworldnicer.”可知，这些学生乐于助人，知道简单的善举可以让世界变得更美好，由此可知，此处指这些学生们在学校和社区变得更加友善和乐于助人。故选A。【58题详解】考查介词词义