Unit 4 History and traditions Discovering Useful Structures 人教版必修第二册

Unit4

HistoryandTraditions

DiscoveringUsefulStructuresPastparticiples(1)astheattributeandtheobjectcomplementLeadin句子以”.”为标准动词谓语非谓语皇上皇后后宫三千doing表示主动和进行done表示被动和完成todo表示将要和目的Leadin动词之间的皇“谓”之争圈出下面这句话的动词（动作）。

Hefoundhimselfsurroundedwithmanypeople.谓语动词：跟在主语后面，需要考虑时态/语态/人称。非谓语动词：不能作谓语，只能充当其他成分，如宾补、定语、表语、状语等。WhatIsPastParticiple过去分词是个啥？动词原形过去式过去分词过去分词变化规律passpassedpassedpuzzlepuzzledpuzzledworryworriedworriedcostcostcostfreezefrozefrozenloselostlostbeatbeatbeaten+d变y为i+edAAAABCABBAAB+ed过去分词是分词的一种，属于非谓语动词(通常含有被动、完成意义)，在句子中可充当多种成分，如作状语、定语、宾语补语。

PastParticipleastheAttribute何谓定语？用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的，常用“......的”表示。例句词性

1

It’saredcar．形容词

2

Theyliveintheroomabove.副词

3

Mybrotherisateacher.代词

4

Lucy’sfatherisapoorworker．名词所有格

/

形容词

5

Webelongtothe

thirdworld.数词

6

Mothermadeabirthdaycakeforme.名词

PastParticipleastheAttribute过去分词用作定语acloseddooradrunkenbabyapollutedriver归纳1：单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之

。前过去分词用作定语归纳2：某些动词的过去分词已成为形容词，这类形容词多用来表示人物的心理特征或感情变化。常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed、interested、surprised、shocked、puzzled等。1Thefrightenedbabykeptcrying.

这个受惊吓的婴儿不停地哭泣。2Fromhisexcitedlook,Iknowhepassedtheexamination.

从他激动的表情来看，我知道他肯定通过了考试。

PastParticipleastheAttribute过去分词用作定语1Heisoneofthoseinvited.

他是受邀者中的一员。2It’s

nothingspecialabouttheparty.

此场派对没什么特别的。归纳3：单个过去分词修饰复合不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的______。后面

PastParticipleastheAttribute

PastParticipleastheAttribute过去分词用作定语ApicturepaintedbyLeonardodaVinci

达芬奇所作的一幅画It’sapicture______________paintedby

LeonardodaVinci.that/whichwas归纳4：过去分词短语作定语，通常_____，其作用相当于_________。后置定语从句过去分词用作定语Thelady

isafamousstar.

这位身穿白色裙子的女士是一个知名艺人。=Thelady

____________dressedinwhiteisafamousstar.that/who

is

PastParticipleastheAttributedressedinwhite过去分词用作定语Theplayer____________________isYaoMing.

这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫姚明。lovedbymanypeople=Theplayer______________bymanypeopleisYaoMing.whoisloved

PastParticipleastheAttribute

Exercise根据括号内所给的单词，以合适的形式完成填空。1Therewasan_______(excite)lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.2It’swrongforthe__________(develop)countriestocontroltheworld.3

Ihavecollectedthemoney________(need)forthecampaign.4Thisistheproblem_________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterday.5Thegirl_______(name)ShaoCanismystudent.6The______(rise)sunissobeautiful.7Thethings______(make)inChinaarecheapandofhighquality.8Isthereanything_________(unsolve)?9Thereisnothing________(change)sinceIleftthistown.

exciteddeveloped

needed

discussed

named

risenmade

unsolved

changed

Exercise用过去分词作定语来改写以下句子

(活动4)。

1

LochNesswassurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape,whichmadeitlookamazing.2

Carlandhisfriendsstavedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthembreadwithbutterandhoneythatwashomemade.3

Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswhowerewoundedintheFirstWorldWar.4

TheyoungpeoplewereattractedbythelegendofLochNess.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,whichwerepositionedonthehill.

Exercise用过去分词作定语来改写以下句子

(活动4)。

1

LochNesswassurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape,whichmadeitlookamazing.2

Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthembreadwithbutterandhoneythatwashomemade.LochNesssurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscapelooksamazing.Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilyofferingthemhomemadebreadwithbutterandhoney.

Exercise用过去分词作定语来改写以下句子

(活动4)。

3

Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswhowerewoundedintheFirstWorldWar.4

TheyoungpeoplewereattractedbythelegendofLochNess.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,whichwerepositionedonthehill.Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswoundedintheFirstWorldWar.TheyoungpeopleattractedbythelegendofLochNesswatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinocularspositionedonthehill.

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement何谓宾语补足语？带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：Ihad

mycar

repaired.主语谓语宾语宾补宾语补足语某些及物动词（如make等）直接宾语（名词或代词）宾语补足语一般放在宾语______,对宾语_________的作用。之后补充说明

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement过去分词用作宾语补足语1

过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动或完成的意义。2

过去分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。观察下列句子中的过去分词，说说其表示的意义(被动/完成)？➬Sheheardhernamecalled.➬Henoticedtheroomcleaned.➬Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.➬Ifoundmywalletstolen.被动被动完成完成

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有1

Icanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyrain.

我能听到大雨猛烈拍打窗户的声音。2

Iwatchedthedeskcarriedoutoftheclassroom.

我看着桌子被搬出教室。归纳1：感官动词（短语）如see、watch、observe、lookat、hear、find、feel等接过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，表示“看到/听到/发现/感觉到/注意到某物或某人被……”。

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有1

Tomhasbeenawayfromhomefortwoyears,leavinghisroomcoveredwithdust.

汤姆离家两年了，他的房间里满是灰尘。2

Whenwillyouhaveyoureyesexamined?你什么时候检查你的眼睛？归纳2：使役动词have、make、get、keep、leave等接过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，表示“致使某物/某人被……”。

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有1

Hewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.

他不赞成在会议上讨论这类问题。2

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.

我想按照他自己的尺寸做这套西装。归纳3：表示命令、愿望或想法的动词order、want、wish、expect等接过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，表示“要求、希望某事/某人被......”。归纳4：介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。

PastParticipleastheObjectComplement可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有1

With

moreflowersplanted,thegardenlooksverybeautiful.

种植了更多的花卉之后，花园看起来非常美丽。2

Theboybegantocrywith

thetoybrokenintopieces.

玩具碎成了一地，小男孩忍不住哭了起来。

Exercise根据括号内所给的单词，以合适的形式完成填空。

1

Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.2

---DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?---Hehadit______(fix),becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers.3

Iwaswonderingwhytheykeptthedoor________(lock)forsuchalongtime.4

ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveheardthepoem__________(speak)inEnglish.

5

Idon’twantthechildren_______(take)outinsuchweather.

finished

fixed

locked

spokentaken

Exercise阅读下面句子，并在充当宾语补足语成分的过去分词下方划线

(活动3)。

1

JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroun