专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷24（共196题）

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷24（共

9套）

（共196题）

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、选择题（本题共12题，每题1.0分，共，2分。）

Ordinarilywepaylittleattentiontothewordswespeak.Weconcentrateinsteadonthe

meaningweintendtoexpressandareseldomconsciousofhowweexpressthatmeaning.

Onlyifwemakeamistakeandhavetocorrectitorhavedifficultyrememberingaword

dowebecomeconsciousofourwords.Thismeansthatmostofusdon'tknowwherethe

wordswcusecomefromandhowtheycometohavethemeaningstheydo.Sincewords

playsuchanimportantroleinourlives,makingourlifeeasyordifficultdependingon

whichwordswechooseonagivenoccasion,exploringtheirnatureandoriginshould

provideaninterestingadventure.Englishwordscomefromseveraldifferentsources.

Theydevelopnaturallyoverthecourseofcenturiesfromancestrallanguages,theyare

alsoborrowedfromotherlanguages,andwecreatemanyofthembyvariousmeansof

wordformation.Eachofthesesourceshasmadeamaterialimpactonthevocabulary

availabletoustoday.Firstofall,itisimportanttoknowthatlanguagesmayberelated

justlikepeople.YouhaveprobablynoticedthatpeoplefromEngland,Brooklyn,and

NorthCarolinaallspeakdifferently.Theypronouncethesamewordsdifferentlyandthey

evenusedifferentwordsforthesamemeaning.TheEnglishcallthe"hood"ofacarthe

"bonnet"andthepeopleinBrooklynHschlep"thingsaroundwhilepeopleinNorth

Carolina"drag"them.Thesedifferencesmakeupwhatarecalleddialectsandthepeople

inEnglandspeakoneofseveralBritishdialects（"Cockney"isoneofthemostcolorful）,

thepeopleinBrooklynspeakaBrooklyndialectandthoseinNorthCarolinaspeaka

Southerndialect.Dialectsarcvariantsofalanguage,variantswithslightlydifferent

pronunciation,differentgrammaticalrules,andslightlydifferentvocabularies.The

interestingthingaboutdialectsisthatastheycontinuetodevelopovertime,the

differencesbecomegreaterandgreateruntilpeoplefromonedialectareacannot

understandthosefromanother.Whenthishappens,thepeoplefromthedifferent,dialect

areasarespeakingdifferentlanguages.Languagesarenotstagnant;theydon'tremainthe

sameforever.Theyareconstantlydevelopingandchanging.Ifonedialectgrouploses

contactwithpeopleinanother,thetwogroupsarelikelytodevelopintomutually

unintelligiblelanguages.Atonetime,fbrexample,around1,000B.C.E.,therewasa

singlelanguagethatwecallProto-Germanic.Everyonespeakingitcouldunderstandeach

other.ButdialectsemergedthatdevelopedintolanguagesthataretodaycalledDanish,

Dutch,English,Farocse,German,Icelandic,Norwegian,andSwedish.Thesearethen

sisterlanguagesandProto-Germanicisthemotherlanguage.(Alllanguagescomefrom

one-parentfamilies.)Obviouslywordschangedastheselanguagesdevelopedfromtheir

ancestors.SothecorewordsinEnglishtodaydevelopedfromProto-Germanic(viaOld

English,MiddleEnglish,intoModernEnglish).TheseGermanicwordsincludesuch

wordsas"get","burn'*,"ring","house","dog","think".Theircognatescanbefoundin

otherGermaniclanguageswhichsharethesameorigin.English"house",Danish"hus",

andGerman"Haus"arecognates;soare"think"andGermanandDutch"denk-en".So

thesewordsarctheresultsof3,000yearsofdevelopmentindifferentdialectsofwhat

wasoriginallyasinglelanguage.Noticesomeoftherulesthatlinguistslookfbr:the"s"

inGermanoftencorrespondsto"t"inEnglish(Fuss,Wasser),whilethe"th"inEnglish

oftencorrespondsto"d"or"t"inGerman:(Mutter).The"ch"inGermanandthe"k"in

Englishseemtoberelated,too(Milch,machen).Theseparallelsinmanywords

demonstratethatthelanguagesarerelated.(Alsonoticethatvowelsaremuchmorelikely

tochangethanconsonants.Eventhechangedconsonantshereareverysimilartoeach

otherlinguistically.)

1、Theauthorthinksthatpeoplepaylittleattentionto.

ANwhycertainwordsexpresscertainmeaning

B、themeaningsofcertainwordsandexpressions

C^whatcausesustouseimproperexpressions

D、thesituationwherecertainmeaningissuitable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原文第1段第2句和第4句表明我们很少关注词语的意思从何而来，

也就是说我们很少关注为什么某个词语具有某个意思，因此本题应选A。第1段第

2句表明我们对B的内容是关注的，因此B不符合题意；第1段主要指出我们很少

关注词义的起源，没有讨论我们是否有注意词的正确或错误用法，因此C和D不

正确。

2、Whatismentionedabouldialects?

A^Peoplefindthedevelopmentofdialectsinteresting.

B、Dialectsarcdifferentfromlanguagesinmanyaspects.

C、Adialectwillendupinanewlanguagesomeday.

D、Adialectisintelligibleforpeopleoutsidethatarea.

标准答案：C「

知识点解析：第4段最后两句提到关于方言的有趣的现象就是方言发展下去有朝一

日就会变成另一种语言，这一点从下一段的内容可以得以确认，由此可见，本题应

选C。

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A^sinGermanremainslinguisticallysimilarto"t"inEnglish.

B、Changedconsonantsandvowelssharesimilarlinguisticfeatures.

C^GermanismorecloselyrelatedtoEnglishthanotherlanguages.

D^Vowelchangesareoftenassociatedwithconsonantchanges.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：最后一段第2句指出德语中的s相当于英语中的t,而最后一句表明

这些不同的辅音在语言学上很相似，A将这两句的内容结合在一起，因此为本题答

案。该段最后两句提到元音和辅音时，是分别讲述两者各自的特点的，没有将它们

作比较，也没有讲两者之间的联系，因此B和D不正确：虽然该段以德语和英语

为例，但不能因此说德语和英语关系最密切，所以C不正确。

4、Whatwordscanbedescribedascognates?

标准答案：Wordsfrom(hesameorigin./Wordsdevelopedfromthesameorigin.

知识点解析：cognate一词出自倒数第2段。该段最后两句表明在不同的语言当

中，会有一些词形不同但意思相同的单词，这些词就是cognate。该段倒数第2句

中的定语从句whichsharethesameorigin表明这些语言来源于同一个起源。可见，

cognams应该是指来自大同语言但起源相同的单词，虽然它们的意思相同，但原文

更注重的是“起源''的问题，因此，此处应回答“同源词”，而不要回答“同义词

5、WhatissueconcerningEnglishdoesthepassagefocusondealingwith?

标准答案：TheoriginofEnglishwords.

知识点解析：原文第1段的作用是引出“词源”这个话题，第2段表明本文并不关注

所有语言的起源，而只关注英语词汇的起源，该段提到了英语单词有三种形成方

式，第3段的firstofall表明接下来将逐一介绍这些形成方式，由此可见，本文介

绍英语单词的来源历史。

Islamisacompletewayoflife.ItconsidersthefamilythecornerstoneofIslamic

society.Itbasestheatmosphereinthefamilyonsacrifice,love,loyalty,andobedience.

Whenwesay"family"wemeanthetraditionaldefinitionofit,namelyhusband,wifeand

children.GrandparentsarealsopartoftheextendedMuslimfamily.Itmaybeaskedhere:

howdoesIslamorganizefamilyrelationships?Toanswerthiswehavetoconcentrateon:

husbandwiferelationshipandparentchildrenrelationship.Asforhusbandwife

relationshipthefollowingverseportraystherightIslamicatmosphere:"Andamonghis

signsisthis:Hecreatedforyouspousesfromyourselvesthatyoumightfindrestinthem,

andHeordainedbetweenyouloveandmercy.MTheProphetofIslamp.b.u.h.also

stressedthesemeaningsv/henhesaid:Thebestamongyouarethosewhoarebesttotheir

familiesandIamthebestofyoutomyfamily.Heonceexclaimed:itisonlytheevilone

whoabusesthem(women)andthehonoredoneishewhohonorsthem.Onceamancame

totheProphetp.b.u.h.andasked:whoisthepersonwhoismostworthyofmygood

companionship?TheProphetansweredyourmother,yourmother,yourmotherthenyour

father.ThatiswhyIslammadeParadiseunderthefeetofmothersaccordingtoone

traditionoftheProphetp.b.u.h.TheseareamongthemainchaptersoftheQuranthat

decideandclearlydepicttheIslamicrelationshipbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.Itis

arelationshipbasedasweseeonbeliefinAllah,andfeelingthatHeobservesallwhatwe

doandthatweareaccountabletoHimeveninthebadbreaththatwemayreleasea-

gainstourparentswhenweareangry.Eventhishastobecontrolled.Letusremember,

however,thatitisonlyparentswhodotheirduty,whodeservethishonorabletreatment

oftheirchildren.ThatiswhywhenaparentcametotheProphetp.b.u.h.andcomplained

tohimabouttheingratitudeofhisson,thesonsaid:HewasungratefultomeO

MessengerofAllah,beforeIshowedingratitudetohim.SotheProphetp.b.u.h.didnot

blamethesonbutdislikedtheattitudeofhisparent.Thisisamessagetoallparents.（*本

文中的ProphetofIslamp.b.u.h指先知穆罕墨德;p.b.u.h即peacebeupon）

6、"Islamisacompletewayoflife"because.

A、familylifeisbasedonIslamicmorality

BNthesocietyisgroundedinIslamicrules

C、afamilyusuallyincludesatleastthreegenerations

D、Islamdefinesfamilyashusband,wifeandchildren

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第1段的首句与第2、3句构成隐含的因果关系，第1句为果，第

2、3句为因，第3句伊斯兰教规定家庭要以牺牲、爱、忠诚、顺从为基础，这些

都属于伊斯兰教的教义，由此可见A是对第3句的近义改写，为本题答案。

7、Whichparagraphdiscussesbothhusbandwiferelationshipandparentchildren

relationship?

A^Paragraph3.

B、Paragraph4.

CxParagraph5.

D、Paragraph6.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第4段前两句是关于husbandandwiferelationship的，剩下的三句是

关于parentchildrenrelalionship的，可见本题应选B。从各段的用词可以看出，第

3段的内容只关于husbandandwiferelationship,第5段和第6段的内容只关于

parentchildrenrelationshipo

8、Whatistrueabouttheparentchildrenrelationship?

A、Childrenshouldrespectparentsdespiteparents*ill-treatment.

B、Parentswithoutgratitudetochildrenarenotworthrespect.

C、Parentsshouldtoleratechildren'soccasionalmoodiness.

D、Childrenshouldbegratefultoparentsunconditionally.

标准答案：Bl

知识点解析：最后一段第1句中的强调句itisonly...的内容表明只有尽了责任的父

母才值得孩子的尊敬，本段中提到的先知p.b.u.h.的例子也是为了说明这一

点，说明父母要想得到孩子的尊重，首先得尊重孩子，由此可见，本题应选B。

9、Whodoesthecapitalized"He"inthethirdparagraphreferto?

标准答案："Allah”.

知识点解析：He是大写的，原文只有在第5段第2句提到Allah的时候再次用了

He来指代Allah。He大写的时候，是指伊斯兰教的“真主”。

Manygenerationsago,theIroquoispeoplelivedinastateofperpetualwarthroughout

theirhomelandsinwhatisnowNewYorkState.EventhoughtheIroquoiswerethe

closestofrelatives,theyweremercilessintheirbattlesagainsteachother.Thepeople

livedinastateoffearsooverwhelmingthattheyrefusedtoleavetheirfencedvillages

withoutaheavyguard.Hastilyplantedcropswereoftenlefttodecayinthetillingfields

becauseoffrequentraids,whileambushesinthenearbyforestspreventedthemenfrom

hunting,resultinginwidespreadstarvation.ManyIroquoisabandonedtheirhomes,with

someseekingrefugenorthofLakeOntario.Inoneofthesebandsofrefugees,avery

specialchildwasborn.TheIroquoiscametoknowhimasSkennenrahowi,whichmeans

"Peacemaker"intheMohawklanguage.WhenSkennenrahowigrewtobeayoungman

whostuttered,heinformedhisfamilythathewastoundertakethegreatmissiongivento

himbytheCreator:tocarrytheGreatLawofPeacetoallIroquoispeople.Hewasto

returntoIroquoisterritorywithamessageofhopethatwouldendwarfareamongthe

PeopleoftheLonghouse:thefiveIroquoisbandsofMohawks,Oneidas,Onondagas.

CayugasandSenecas.HedepartedfromtheBayofQuinteinacanoehehadbuilt,

crossingbroadLakeOntariolikeagreatboltoflightning.Oncehereachedtheeastern

shoreofthelake,heencounteredtwohuntersandtoldthemmatanewdaywouldarrive

whenwarfareamongtheIroquoiswouldend.Hebeganhistravels,soonenteringSeneca

territory,whereheencounteredapowerfulfemaleleadernamedJikonsahsch.Through

reasonandhisgoodmind,hepersuadedhertoembracetheGreatLawofPeace.Inreturn

forherconversion,Skennenrahowiestablishedtheroleofclanmother,whichgave

Iroquoiswomenpoliticalandsocialpowerwithoutparallelintheworld.Skennenrahowi

madehiswayeastwherehemetAiionwatha(Iliawama),aleaderoftheOnondaga

Nation.Aiionwatha,agreatorator,wasalsoconvincedtoacceptmeGreatLawby

becomingSkcnnenrahowi'sprincipaldisciple.Otherswerealarmedbythenewway,

includinganotherOnondagaleader,Tadodaho,aseverelydeformedmanwhowasknown

forhistreachery.TadodahodecidedtobreakthespiritofAiionwathabyhavingthepeace

advocate'ssevendaughterskilled.ItissaidAiionwatha'sgriefovertheirdeathwasso

greatthatitcausedtheanimalstofleebeforehim.Afterwanderingmindlesslyfordays,

Aiionwathacametoasmalllake.Aiionwathapickedupsnailshellsthathemadeintoa

string,declaringthathewouldonlyhealwhensomeonetookthestringandspokethe

wordsofcondolencethatheneededtohear.Thosewordswerestutteredby

Skennenrahowi,thePeacemaker.Withtheshellshecollected,Aiionwathadeveloped

wampum,asacredmemorydevicesubsequentlyusedtorecordIroquoishistory,which

includestheirGreatLawofPeace.

10^BeforethebirthofSkennenrahowi,theIroquoispeoplecouldbestbedescribedas

A、formidable

valiant

C>idle

D、deprived

标准答案：D

知识点解析:第1段第4句中的decay,starvation等词都表明当时thekoquois

people生活很贫困，因此本题应选D。A（可怕的）可以形容喜欢战争的那部分易洛

魁人，如果用于形容所有的易洛魁人，就过于片面了；文中只描述了易洛魁人的战

争是“残酷的“，这与B（英勇的）是两回事；C项在文中未提及。

11、WhenSkennenrahowigrewtobeayoungman,hebelieved.

A^hewasbornwiththemissionofpeacemaking

B、theIroquoispeopleweretiredofwars

C、hewasdestinedtobemeleaderoftheIroquoispeople

D、theIroquoispeopledeservedabetterlife

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第2段第1句中的theCrealor特指"上帝”，本句表明Skennenrahowi

认为争取和平是上帝赋予给他的任务，也就是说，他相信这个任务是伴随出生而来

的，是命中注定的，因此，A的说法是正确的。

12、AfterAiionwatha'sdaughterswerekilled,he.

A^decidedtobecomeSkennenrahowi'sdisciple

B、wasoverwhelmedbygrief

C、declaredwaronTadodaho

D^becamedoubtfuloftheGreatLawofPeace

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第4段最后一句中的grief以及结果状语从句so...thal...表明

当时Aiionwatha很悲伤，最后一段的内容也验证了这个说法，可见本题应选B。A

发生在Aiionwaiha的女儿被杀之前，不符合本题题意；其他两个选项根本没有原

文依据。

13、WhichIroquoistribewasSkennenrahowibornto?

标准答案：Mohawk.

知识点解析：第1段最后一句提到Skennenrahowi这个名字在theMohawklanguage

是“调停人”的意思，第2段第2句提到Mohawk是Iroquois五个部族之一，两个细

节结合，可以推断出Skennenrahowi来自Mohawk部落。

Thevenerable20-volumeOxfordEnglishDictionarycontainsabout700,000words,but

theeditorsrecentlyrealizedtheyweremissingone:Doh!ThecartooncharacterHomer

Simpson'sforehead-smackinglamentisoneofsome250entriesbeingaddedtodaytothe

dictionary,whichiswidelyconsideredtheleadingauthorityontheEnglishlanguage.

"Doh"isnowdefinedas"Expressingfrustrationattherealizationthatthingshaveturned

outbadlyornotasplanned,orthatonehasjustsaidordonesomethingfoolish,'1

accordingtothenewentryinthedictionary.TheSimpsonsonlypopularizedtheterm;it

wasactuallyusedextensivelyinthe1950s,theOEDfound.Althoughitisoftenspelled

“D'oh,"thedictionarychosetoomittheapostrophe.Othernewcomerstothedictionary

includecheesy,whichmeanssecond-rateorinferior;six-pack,meaningrippling

abdominalmuscles,andBollywood,whichreferstotheHindifilmindustrybasedin

Bombay,India."We'llhavetermsfrominiinuno-biologytogangsterrap,"saysJesse

Sheidlower,whoisheadoftheprojectforNorthAmerica.TheOED'sstaffof50editors

iswadingthroughpopularculturelookingfornewwordsandusagesthatmeritanentry,

aspartofits8-ycar-oldmillionupdatingproject.Itisthefirstcompleterevisionofthe

dictionarysinceitwascompletedin1928."Theprinciplewaywegetnewentriesisto

havereaderslookaroundtheworldforthingsthatseemneworsignificant,"saysJohn

SimpsoiLchiefeditoroftheOED.ContributorshaveincludedaNobellaureateandan

inmateataninsaneasylum,amongthousandsofothers."Wehaveabout200.000

examplesentencescomingintothedepartmenteachyear."Simpson(John,not

Homer)andhiscolleagueswhittlethatlistdowntothefewthatseemtohavegotasolid

footholdinpopularusage.Hesayshisjobalsogiveshimanexcusetowatchalotof

actionfilms,soapoperasandquizshows,tolookformorenewterms."Manytermsare

mucholderthanyouthinktheyare,"saysSheidlower."Phat,"forexample,makesits

debutintheOEDtodayasaslangtermmeaningcool.ButithasbeenAfrican-American

slangsinceatleastthe1960s,OEDresearchersfound.Thewordevenappearedwithits

presentmeaninginTimemagazinein1963.Thedictionarycontainssomesurprisesfor

peoplewhothinktheyareusingthelatest,cutting-edgejargon.

14、WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueabouttheword"Doh"?

A^ItwasoriginatedbythecartooncharacterHomerSimpson.

B、Itkeepsitsoriginalmeaningbutchangesitsoriginalspelling.

C^ItspopularityreturnedwiththeappearanceoftheSimpsons.

D^ItsdictionarydefinitionmakesnoreferencetotheSimpsons.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第4段首句中的popularized表明Doh并不是由theSimpsons发明

的，而该句的第2个分句表明这个词早在1950年代就有了，虽然没有说明有什么

人首先使用，但一定不是(heSimpsons,因此A说法错误，为本题答案。

15、JohnSimpsonandhiscolleaguescutdownthenumberofnewwordsbasedonthe

principleof.

A、economy

B、originality

C>significance

D、popularity

标准答案：D

知识点解析：倒数第5段首句中的asolidfootholdinpopularusage表明Simpson和

他的同事是根据流行程度决定哪个词留用，哪个词删除，可见本题应选D。第8段

首句中的new,significant指的是广泛选词的原则，而不是题干中提到的“删词的原

则”。

16、AccordingtotheIasiparagraph,whatsurpriseswillthedictionarybringtothe

people?

A^Therewillbethemostnovelandpopularwordsinthedictionary.

B、Peoplewillrealizetheyarenotasfashionableastheyimagine.

C、Therewillbemosthelpfulwordsforthosewhowanttobetrendy.

D^Peoplewillrealizetheyarenotasknowledgeableastheythink.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：倒数第4段可以说是这4段的主题句，因此，最后一段的surprises应

该是指字典里的词并不如人们想象的那么新，因此，认识这些词的人也就并不是他

们想象的那么时髦了，可见，本题应选B。注意最后一段的定语从句限定了题目针

对什么样的人，其中的latesl和cutting-edge表明该句中的人与“时髦”有关，而与是

否“有知识”无关，这样就排除D；A是原文一直以来强调的词典的特点，但不能算

是surprise；C虽然有trendy一词与“时髦”有关，但整个句子偏离了最后4段的意

思。

17、Whatarethe250newentriesaddedtothedictionarytakenfrom?

标准答案：Popularculture.

知识点解析：根据题干中的250可以先定位到第2段，但这一段并没有说明这250

个新词来自哪里，原文前6段都是250个新词中的例子，直到第7段首句中的

wadingthroughpopularculture才指出了上文所举的例子和250个新词是来自

popularcultureo

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、选择题(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)

(1)Studentloansarebasedonasimpleidea:thatagraduate'sfutureflowofearningswill

morethancoverthecostsofdoingadegree.Butwithunemploymentratesinpartsofthe

richworldatpost-warhighs,thatmaynolongerholdtrueformanypeople.The

consequenceswillbefeltbyeverybody.(2)Allovertheworldstudentindebtednessis

causingproblems—witnessthismonth'sviolentprotestsinChile.InBritain,accordingto

arecentparliamentaryreport,risinguniversityfeesmeanthatstudentdebtislikelyto

trebleto£70billion.But.partlybecausehighereducationthereissoexpensive,thescale

oftheproblemisfargreaterinAmerica.Whenthenextofficialestimatesofoutstanding

studentdebttherearepublished,itisexpectedtobecloseto$1trillion,higherthan

credit-cardborrowing.Creditqualityinotherclassesofconsumerdebthasbeen

improving;delinquencyratesonstudentloansarerising.(3)Manyoftheanti-WallStreet

protesterspushtheideaofblanketdebtforgivenessasasolution.Butthatisthewrong

answer.Highereducationisnotaguaranteeofemployment,butitimprovestheodds

immensely.Unemploymentratesamonguniversitygraduatesstoodat4.4%onaverage

acrossOECDcountriesin2009.Peoplewhodidnotcompletesecondaryschoolfaced

unemploymentratesof11.5%.Muchofthedebtthatsiudentsaretakingonisprovided

orguaranteedbythegovernment.Imposingwrite-offsonalltaxpayerstobenefitthose

withthebestjobprospectsisunfair;andrippingupcontractsbetweenborrowersand

privatelendersisusuallyabadidea.(4)Thatsaid,student-loansystemsinAmericaand

elsewhereareoftenbadlydesignedforanextendedperiodofhighunemployment.In

contrasttothehousingcrash,theriskfromstudentdebtisnotofasuddenexplosionin

lossesbutofgradualfinancialsuffocation.Thepressureneedstobeeased.(5)Oneoption

istochangethebankruptcylaws.InAmerica,Britainandelsewhere,thesetreatstudent

debtasaspecialcase;unlikeotherformsofdebt,itcannotbewipedout.Ifstudentdebt

isnottoshackleexistinggraduatesandputofffutureones,therulescouldbechangedso

thatitisdischargeableinbankruptcy.Yetthereasoningbehindthecurrentbankruptcy

provisionsislogicalenough:educationisanassetthatcannotberepossessedandthat

keepsonbenefitingtheindividualthroughhisorherlifetime.Someworrythatgraduates

wouldrushtodeclarebankruptcy,handinglossestotaxpayers.(6)Soasecondoptionis

preferable.Manycountries,Americaincluded,havedesignedstudentdebtprimarilyasa

mortgage-likeobligation:itisrepaidtoafixedschedule.Otherplaces,likeBritainand

Australia,makestudent-loanrepaymentscontingentonreachinganincomethresholdso

thattheprospectoftakingondebtismoreacceptabletopeoplefrompoorerbackgrounds.

Thatapproachmakessense,especiallywhenjobsarescarce.Income-basedrepayment

oughttobecomethenorm.(7)Bothchangeswouldleadtoarepricingofstudentdebt.

Thatwouldbeabadthingfbrtaxpayers,butagoodthingoverall.Ifsuchinformation

weremadepublic,otherusefuldatawouldfollow-ontheaveragefinancialreturnsto

graduatesofspecificsubjects,fbrexample.Thosestudyinglessprofitablesubjectswould

havetopaymore,orbesubsidisedmore.Itwouldbeacontroversialapproach,buta

moreeducatedone.(本文选自TheEconomist)

I、Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat.

A^highunemploymentratesmakeithardfbrstudentstogetloans

B、raisinguniversityfeesisavalidwaytobalancestudentloans

C、studentindebtednesshasbecomeanincreasinglytrickyissue

D^creditqualityincludingstudentdebtshasbeenimproved

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题、根据文章第一段的内容可知，发达国家失业率达到战后新

高，助学贷款引发的学生债务问题日益严峻，每个人都会感受到它带来的后果；第

二段具体描述了各个国家学生的助学贷款问题，由此可知，C”学生债务已成为一

个日益棘手的问题”为正确答案。第一段第二句提到失业率达到战后新高，但并没

有说学生因此难以申请到贷款，故排除A；第二段提到，在英国，上涨的大学学费

意味着学生债务到有可能增至700亿英镑，由此可知，涨学费不能解决学生的债务

问题，故排除B；根据第二段最后一句可知，其他类别的消费者债务的信用质量一

直在提高，而学生贷款的拖欠率却在不断攀升，D陈述错误，故排除。

2、Inordertorelievethefinancialpressurebroughtbystudentloans,whichoptiondie

authorrecommendedisbetter?

Topushtheideaofblanketdebtforgiveness.

B、Tochangethecurrentbankruptcylaws.

C、Toallowstudentsrepaytheloansonanincome-basis.

D^Toprolongtherepaymenttime.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章第四段提到学生贷款问题亟待解决，并在第五、六段给

出详细的解决方案。作者在第五段提到的第一个解决方案为：修改破产法。接下来

分析了这个方案存在的一些问题一贷款者口J能争相宣告破产，而将损失转嫁给纳

税人；作者在第六段提到了第二个解决方案：将学生贷款设计成类似按揭贷款的债

务——按固定的时间表还款。并且分析出方案二是更合理、更可行的。由此可知，

C为正确答案，同时排除B。第三段第一句提到，很多华尔街的抗议游行示威者们

拥护免除一切债务的解决方案，但第二句接着说这是错误的，故排除A。文中并未

提及D,故排除。

3、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A、StudentDebt-aFinancialEvil

B、TheFutureofStudentLoans

C、StudentIndebtednessandItsCauses

D、SolutionstoProblemsofStudentIndebtedness

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。本文第一、二段陈述了目前由助学贷款引发的日益严重的学

生债务问题及其具体的表现；第三段阐述了解决该问题的一个措施，接下来分析了

该措施的不可行性；第四段提到了解决助学贷款问题的必要性，并在第五、六段提

出了两个解决方案，并逐一进行分析，指出方案二更加合理、可行；最后一段中作

者总结和预测了实施这两种方案的前景、得到的收益和可能存在的阻力。综上所

述，D”应对学生债务问题的解决方案”最能概括本文主旨，故为正确答案。A“学生

债务一一个经济恶魔”、B“助学贷款的未来之路”和C“学生债务及其原因”都是文

章提及的内容，但都不能概括主旨，故均排除。

(1)Afast-foodrestaurantwithinabout500feetofaschoolmayleadtoatleasta5

percentincreaseintheoverweightrateatthatschool,accordingtoastudyreleasedon

Friday.(2)Thestudy,conductedbyeconomistsatColumbiaUniversityandthe

UniversityCalifornia,Berkeley,suggeststhat"abanonfastfoodintheimmediate

proximityofschoolscouldhaveasizableeffectonobesityratesamongaffectedstudents.

"(3)Theresearcherslookedathowproximitytotherestaurantsaffectedobesityrates

among3millionninthgradersatCaliforniaschools,andmorethanImillionpregnant

womeninMichigan,NewJerseyandTexas.Theyfocusedontheninthgraders,typically

about14yearsold,inpartbecausethestudentsgetafitnesstestinthespring—about30

weeksafterstartingschoolandexposuretofastfood.Thestudy,releasedbythe

AmericanAssociationofWineEconomists,showedthat"thepresenceofafast-food

restaurantwithinatenthofamileofaschoolisassociatedwithatleasta5.2percent

increaseintheobesityrateinthatschool."Italsofoundthatpregnantwomenwholived

withinatenthofamileofafast-foodrestauranthad"a4.4percentincreaseinthe

probabilityofgainingover20kilos(44pounds)."(4)Thestudyfollowsonepresented

lastmonthatanAmericanStrokeAssociationconference.Researchersfromthe

UniversityofMichiganfoundpeoplewholiveinneighborhoodspackedwithfast-food

restaurantsaremorelikelytosufferstrokes.(5)InDecember,astudyfoundthatyouth

whostudywithinahalfmilefromafast-foodoutleteatfewerfruitandvegetables,drink

moresodaandaremorelikelytobeobesethanstudentsatotherschools.(6)JanetCurrie,

leadresearcherofthewineeconomists'study,saidthatitmightbeagoodpolicytohave

afast-food-freezoneiffastfoodnearschoolscausesobesity."Itwouldnotbeso

differentinspiritfromexistingpoliciesthataimtoprohibitsoftdrinksandjunkfoodsin

schoolsortoimprovethequalityofschoollunch,"shesaid.(7)Aspokeswomanfor

Yum!Brands,theparentcompanyofKFC,PizzaHut,TacoBellandLongJohnSilver's,

declinedtocomment,sayingshehadnotseenthestudy.BurgerKingdidnotreturncalls

seekingcomment.AMcDonald'sspokeswomanreferredcallstotheNationalRetail

Federation,atradegroupinWashington.(8)"Ithinkitwouldbeadangerousprecedent

tolimitthetypesoflegitimate,importantbusinessesandwherethey'relocatedinacity,“

federationspokeswomanEllenDavissaid."Doesn'titmakemoresenseforparentsto

limitachild'sallowanceorletthemknowwhenandwheretheycan'teatcertainthings?"

Davisaddedthatrestaurantshavechangedtheirmenusinthelastfiveyears,especially

forchildren'smeals."Weseemanyhealthyoptionsavailable—slicesofapple,milk

insteadofsodas...Ifsimportanttonotethatmanychainrestaurantshavetriedto

diversifytheirmenusandmakethemhealthier.”(本文选自www.reuters.com)

4、WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaboutthestudymentionedinPara.2?

A、Itagreedthatfastfoodshouldbefarawayfromschool.

B、Itwasconductedbyeconomistsfromtwouniversities.

C、Itprovedthatfastfoodmayleadtost