专业英语八级模拟试卷41（共413题）

专业英语八级模拟试卷41(共9套)

(共413题)

专业英语八级模拟试卷第1套

一、听力复合式听写(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

SurprisingSideEffectsofGlobalWarmingNowadays,alotof(1)happenedasa

resultofthewannerclimate,suchasrisingseas,meltingpolaricecaps,deformed

railroadtracks,etc.Therearegenerallythreemajor(2)ofglobalwarming:1The

phenomenonofthawingout.SeasonallyfrozenareasintheNorthernHemisphere

decreasedgreatlyduringthe20thCentury.IntheregionacrosstheformerSovietUnion,

thetemperaturehas(3)1degreeonaverageinthesoil16inchesbelowthe

surface.SimilarchangeshavehappenedtotheU.S.soiltoo,andthiswillaffect

(4).Thereisevidencethatglobalwarmingisresponsibleforobservedchangesin

seasonallyfrozensoilandpermafrost.2.(5).Owingtoclimatewarming,the

seasonalthawrunsdeeperandextendsintotheformerpermafrostwhichisunderthe

seasonallyfrozensoil,andthewaterinthesoil(6)unevenlyinthegroundsurface

becauseofitsdifferentvolumeindifferenttemperature.Theconsequencesof

disappearingpermafrostcouldbeverydangerousforstructures.ThefamousTibetan

railroadisequippedwith(7)topreventthemeltingofpermafrost,onwhichitis

built.3.Mountainmakeovers.Climatewarminghascausedthinningoficeorpermafrost,

whichfurtherleadtoseveralnorthernlandslidesandrockslides.RockslidesintheSwiss

Alpswerealsorelatedto(8).However,thecurrentresearchesare(9)to

understandtherootcause,thepossibleconsequences,andthewaystoimprovethe

situation.Thereareseveralcausesandeffectsthathaven*tbeenexplored,suchas

(10).Therelationshipbetweenclimaticwarminganddegradingpermafrostmay

notbesostraightforward.

1、

标准答案：changes/unpleasantchanges

知识点解析：本题为归纳题。讲座原文中提到由于全球气候变暖，海平面升高、极

地冰帽融化以及怪异的天气等等经常登上报纸头条；此外还有其他的后果……，可

以归纳得出本题答案：由于全球气候变暖，许多(令人担忧的)变化发生了。

2、

标准答案：sideeffects

知识点解析：本题为要点题。可根据原文信息Therearegenerallythreemajorside

effectsofglobalwanning.得出答案。

3、

标准答案：increased/risen

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属于转换词性型。可以从讲座原文中…thewarm-up

hasbeendocumentedasa1-degreeincreasein…得出答案。

4、

标准答案：crops/nativeplants/carbonexchanges

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属于直接拷贝型。可以从讲座原文中Changeioihe

cyclewillaffectcrops,nativeplantsandevenhowmuchcarbonisexchangedbetween

Earth'ssurfaceandatmosphere.得出答案。

5、

标准答案：Thedeep—seatedchange

知识点解析：本题为要点题。可根据原文信息Anotherinfluentialeffectisthedeep-

seatedchange.得出答案。

6、

标准答案：moves

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属于转换词性型。可根据原文Becausewaterinihe

soilexpandswhenfrozenandlosesvolumeuponmelting,itcausesunevenmovements

inthegroundsurface.得出答案。

7、

标准答案:aninsulationsystem

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属丁•直接拷贝型。可根据原文信息SuZ1闻喈has

helpedtheengineersdeviseaninsulationsystem—athicklayerofcrushedrockoverthe

permafrost.得出答案。

8、

标准答案：thawingpermafrost

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属于直接拷贝型。可根据原文信息...rockslideshigh

intheSwissAlpsthat,again,wererelatedtothawingpermafrost.得出答案。

9、

标准答案：notenough/insufficient

知识点解析：本题为推断题。可根据原文信息Moreresearchisneeded,the

scientistsagree,tounderstandexactlywhatishappeningglobally...推断得出答

案。

10、

标准答案：heavyrainfall

知识点解析：本题为细节题，属于直接拷贝型。可根据原文信息Andthereare

severalcausesandeffectsthathaven'tbeenexplored.Heavyrainfall,for

example,...得出答案。

二、听力对话组题（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5

分。）

WhydidMr.Greenhaveaterriblefuelbilllastwinter?

11、WhydidMr.Greenhaveaterriblefuelbilllastwinter?

A、Becausehiswifeoverheatedthehouse.

Becausehismotheroverheatedthehouse.

C>Becausehiswife'smotheroverheatedthehouse.

D、Becauseheoverheatedthehous

标准答案：C

知识点解析:Mr.Green说"Mymother-in-lawwasstayingwithusandshewantedthe

temperaturearound80°Fallthelime.""mother-in-law"为"ihemotherofone'sspouse”岳

母。

12、Infact,peoplewillfeelverycomfortableifthetemperatureinwinteris

A、70°F

B、80°F

C、75°F

D、65叩

标准答案:A

知识点解析：这篇conversation中的度数为华氏度degreefahrenheit:oforaccording

toatemperaturescalethatregistersthefreezingpointofwateras32°Fandtheboiling

pointas212°Fatoneatmosphereofpressure.

13、What'sthemostpopularheatingsystemaccordingtotheengineer?

A、Everyroomhasaheater.

B、TheCentralroomhasaheater.

C^Aheatchamberheatsairandpassesthewarmairthroughductsandopeningsinto

rooms.

D、Theroomsareinstalledwithblowersorconvection.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：conversation中有“Aheatchamberheatsair,whichpassesthroughsducts

andopeningsintotheroomsbyblowersorbyconvection.”"blowers"为"thedevicesto

givereleaseablastofairorwind"鼓风机，"convection”为"heattransferinagasor

liquidbythecirculationofcurrentsfromoneregiontoanother转换。”

14、What'stheshortcomingofthesmallindividualairconditioners?

A^It'stoocoldfbrpeopletoadaptthemselvestothetemperature.

B、Thetemperatureoftheroomsisuncomfortable.

C、Thetemperatureoftheroomsisquiteuneven.

D、It'sdifficulttoinstallthemintherooms.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：conversation中彳j：However,inhomeswhicharenotconstructedforthe

centralsystem,smallindividualairconditionersareinstalledatseveralwindows.Thisis

probablyeasiestway,butthetemperatureoftheroomisquiteuneven.其中“uneven”为

"notequal,asinsize,length,orquality."不均衡。

15、It'simportanttohavevaporsealsonthewarmsideto.

A、avoidgaswhentheaircools

B>avoidmistwhentheaircools

C^avoidraporwhentheaircools

D、avoidmoisturewhentheaircools

标准答案：D

知识点解析：vapor为"gaseousformintowhichcertainliquidorsolidsubstancecanbe

convertedbyheating.""seal"为"anair-tightclosure."密封。

三、听力新闻（本题共2题，每题1.0分，共2分。）

Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?

16、Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?

A、Advancesinchemicalinsecticides.

Genetically-modifiedfunguskillsmalariaparasite.

C>Anovelandpromisingapproachtomosquitocontrol.

D、Newchallengesfordoctors,scientists,andpublichealthofficials.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、Thenewsitemimpliesthat.

A^abreakthroughiscomingsooninUniversityofMaryland

BNmodifiedfunguswillsoonbeapprovedforusebytheUSgovernment

C、locustsinAfrica,AustraliaandChinawillbekilledbythesamefungus

D^analternativetochemicalsmightbeusedtocontrolmalaria-carryingmosquitoes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5

分。)

DespiteDenmark'smanifestvirtues,Danesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobe

Danes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersabout

Denmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,the

difficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheir

countrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay,"Denmarkis

agreatcountry/'You'resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.Itisthelandofthesilk

safetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife's

inequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprogrammes,

jobseminars-Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycentrehearingaboutwaste

managementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,in

advertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs~

thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit-olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcan

barelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,"Few

havetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,"andaforeignerisstruckbythesweet

egalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSir

andMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMrandMrs.It'sanationof

recyclers-about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew-andno

nuclearpowerplants.It'sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperate

wellingeneral.Suchanationofoverachievers-abrochurefromtheMinistryof

BusinessandIndustrysays,"Denmarkisoneoftheworld'scleanestandmostorganized

countries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-

freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere."So,ofcourse,one'sheartliftsatanysighting

ofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings("ForeignersOutofDenmark!"),broken

beerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.Nonetheless,itisan

orderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andon

theothersideisafieldofbarley,aniceclearline.townhere,countrythere.Itisnota

nationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwailfortheredlighttochange,even

ifit's2a.m.andthere'snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon'tthinkofthemselvesasa

waiting-at-2-a,m.-for-the-green-lightpeople-that'showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.

Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefree-spiritedthanSwedes,but

thetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansand

Swedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limited

manufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributor

ofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,

young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoods

aroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,and

raillinesareultramodernandwellmaintained.Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn't

meanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewould

tellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholism

andaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.An

orderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.Butthereisasense

ofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueof

citizenship,andyoushouldn'tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou'reentitledto,you'reasgood

asanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarccleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyouget

ifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystem

makesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrest

withoutasenseofcrisis.

18、TheauthorthinksthatDanesadoptaattitudetowardstheircountry.

A、boastful

B、modest

C、deprecating

D、mysterious

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题问丹麦人对国家的态度如何。答案可在本文的第一段中找到。该

段提至/'•..theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,

thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheir

countrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay,4Demark

isagreatcountry.

19^WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

A、Fondnessofforeignculture.

B、Equalityinsociety.

C>Linguistictolerance.

D、Persistentplanning.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题问以下四选项中哪一个不是丹麦人的特点。B项是丹麦人的特点

之一»答案可以在第二段中找到:Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,4Few

havetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,...,5C项也可在第二段中找到：

.anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbsthereisnoDanishAcademy

todefendagainstit-...”D项所指的特点也包括在第二段中："It'sanationof

tirelessplanners.Trainsrunonlime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral."相比之下，只

有A项未提及。事实上第三段中提到光头帮成员在建筑物上涂写“外国人滚出丹

麦!”

20、Theauthor'sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis

A、disapproving.

B、approving.

C、noncommittal.

D、doubtful.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题问作者如何看待工商部的说法。A项说不赞同，B项为赞同，C

项是态度暧昧，D项为持怀疑态度。答案在第三段的最后一句话中：“So,of

course,one'sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze：...”之后作者举的一些

例子足以说明他持怀疑”的态度。

21、Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness

A^setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes.

B、sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples.

C、isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry.

D^preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：答案可以在文章的第四段中找到。该段中提到：“Orderlinessisamain

sellingpoint「随后举例说明了丹麦人处事有条不紊的特点对国家经济发展的贡

献。

22AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat

A^Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits.

B、Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem.

C、theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover.

D、orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：A、B、C选项的答案均可在最后两段内找到。比如I："Therulesof

thewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone",.thereisasenseofentitlementand

securitythatDanesgrowupwith'',.andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesit

possibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasense

ofcrisis.”只有D项未被提及。

五、常识（本题共10题，每题7.0分，共I。分。）

23AgeneralelectionisheldintheU.K.everyyears.

A、3

B、4

C、5

D、6

标准答案：c

知识点。析：英国大选是选举英国下议院议员，每5年选举一次。

24、ThecollegesportwhichstirsupthemostnationalinterestintheUnitedStates

is.

A、Football

B、Baseball

C、Basketball

D、Soccer

标准答案：A

知识点脑析：足球是美国大学校园里最流行的运动，美国700所的大学都有自己的

足球队，美国大学足球联赛是人们关注的焦点。

25、TheodoreDreiserandJackLondonareamongthebestrepresentativewritersof

literary

A^naturalism.

BNsentimentalism.

C、romanticism.

D、transcendentalism.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：西奥多・德莱塞（TheodoreDreiser）和杰克・伦敦（JackLondon）均是自然主

义的杰出代表，深受达尔文学说的影响。

26、In1932,indiedepthofthedepression,theAmericanpeoplechoseastheir

nextpresidentwhopromisedtogetAmericaoutofmedepression.

A、TheodoreRoosevelt

FranklinD.Roosevelt

C、WoodrowWilson

D^HerbertC.Hoover

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、ThefirstAmericantowintheNobelPrizeforLiteraturewasasharpsocialcritic,

whosenamewas

A、ErnestHemingway.

B、T.S.Eliot.

C^SinclairLewis.

D、WilliamFaulkner.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第一个赢得诺贝尔文学奖的美国人是SinclairLewis（辛克莱・刘易斯）。

EmeslHemingway（欧内斯特・海明威）美国20世纪著名作家，在1954年赢得了诺贝

尔文学奖；T.S.EliotiT.S.艾略特）英国著名现代主义诗人；William

Faulkner（威廉・福克纳）是美国著名小说家。

28、Asaphilosophicalandliterarymoment,flourishedinNewEnglandfrom

the1830stotheCivilWar.

A^modernism

BNrationalism

C、sentimentalism

D^transcendentalism

标准答案；D

知识点解析：十九世纪30年代到美国内战期间的主要文学流派是超验主义，以爱

默生为代表。

29、Accordingtothespeechacttheory,anactofexpressingthespeaker'sintentionis

definedasa（n）

A、illocutionaryact.

B、locutionaryact.

C、perlocutionar）zact.

D、contextualfactor.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：这道题考查考生对言语行为理论中主要概念的了解。

30、Gulliver'sTravelswaswrittenby.

A、DanielDefoe

B、CharlesDickens

C、JonathanSwift

D、JosephAddison

标准答案：C

知识点解析：JonalhanSwift（乔纳森・斯威夫特）是英国文学史上最伟大的讽刺散文作

家，他的杰作《格列弗游记》（Gulliver、Travels）是一部极具魅力的儿童故事，同时

包含着深刻的思想内容。

31、Astructurallyindependentunitthatconsistsofanumberofwordstoforma

completestatement,questionorcommandiscalled

A、aclause.

B、aphrase.

C、asentence.

D、alloftheabove.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这道题要求考生掌握句子的概念。

32、WhichdegreeisofferedincommunitycollegesintheUnitedStates?

A、Master'sdegree.

B、Doctor'sdegree.

C、Bachelor'sdegree.

D、Associatedegree.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、改错（本题共10题，每题7.0分，共10分。）

AbreakthroughintheprovisionofenergyfromthesunfortheEuropeanEconomic

Community（EEC）couldbebroughtforwardbyuptwodecades,ifamodestincrease

couldbeprovidedintheEEC's[Ml]researcheffortinthisfield,accordingto

theseniorEECscientistsengage【M2]inexperimentsinsolarenergyatEEC's

scientificlaboratoriesatIspra,nearMilan.TheseniorWestGermanscientistinthe

chargeoftheCommunity'ssolar[M3]energyprogramme,Mr.JoachimGrctz,

toldjournaliststhatatpresentlevelsofresearchspendingitwasmostlikelythatsolar

energywouldprovide[M4]asmuchasthreepercentoftheCommunity's

energyrequirementsevenaftertheyear2000.Buthesaidthatwithamodestincreasein

thepresentsums,devotedbytheEECtothisworkitwaspossiblethebreakthrough

[M5]couldbeachievedbytheendofthenextdecade.Mr.Grctzcalculates

thatifsolarenergyonlyprovidedthreepercentoftheEEC'sneeds,thiscouldstill

produceasavingofaboutabillionpound[M6]inthepresentbillforimported

energyeachyear.Andhebelievesthatwiththepossibilityofutilizingmoreadvanced

technologyinthisfield[M7]mightbepossibletosatisfyamuchbigshareof

theCommunity'sfuture[M8]energyneeds.AtpresenttheEECspendabout

$2.6millionayearonsolarresearch[M9]atIspra,oneoftheEEC'sofficial

jointresearchcenters,butother$3million[MIO]ayearonindirectresearch

withuniversitiesandotherindependentbodies.

33、[Ml]

标准答案：在tw。前增加to

知识点解析：词法错误，介词误用。叩作介词，意为“向上“，upto意为“一直到，

长至此处句意为：有关为欧洲经济共同体(EEC)提供太阳能问题，会比原先预计

的提前二十年出现重大突破，故用uptotwodecades,即“长至二十年”。

34、[M2]

标准答案：engage改成engaged

知识点解析♦：词法错误，非谓语动词误用。此处指参加EEC的太阳能实验的科学

家。此处是一个accordingto开头的介词短语，故其后不能再出现任何谓语动词，

所以scienlists后只能用非谓语动词作定语来修饰它。engagein的本意是“使从事

于“，作定语修饰人的时候两者之间是被动关系，故使用engage的过去分词形式。

35、[M3]

标准答案：去掉charge前的the

知识点解析：词法错误，固定搭配错误。介词短语inchargeof的意思是“掌管，负

责”，而inthechargeof意为“被……管”。此处指负责EEC太阳能项目的科学家，

所以应该用inchargeof。

36、[M4]

标准答案：likely改成unlikely

知识点解析：逻辑错误，逻辑反义词。下一句的大意是说再过二十年太阳能的使用

方面会有重大突破，句首的But说明下一句和此句是转折关系，所以此句应该是说

在现有的水平下，太阳能不够负担EEC所需总能源的3%,这样才符合逻辑。

37、[M5]

标准答案：在possible后增加that

知识点解析：句法错误，句子结构不完整。句中的it是形式主语，代替的是

possible后面的主语从句，而引导主语从句的that不可以省略。

38、[M6]

标准答案：pound改成pounds

知识点解析：词法错误，名词单复数。Pound,dollar等货币单位和million,

thousand等数量级单位不同，后者不用复数形式，而前者如果前面的数字是复数的

话，要加s变成复数。

39、[M7]

标准答案：在field后增加il

知识点解析：句法错误，句子结构不完整。That引导的宾语从句中，withthe

possibility...technology是状语,谓语部分为mightbepossible,其后的to

satisfy...needs应该呈句子的逻辑主语，句子需要一个形式主语it。

40、[M8]

标准答案:big改成bigger

知识点解析：词法错误和逻辑错误，形容词比较级问题。Much后只能使用形容词

的比较级，而不能使用原型；而且根据前半句的moreadvancedtechnology,此处

也应该是muchbiggershare。句意为：随着在该领域使用更加先进的技术，有可能

满足EEC未来能源需求中更大的份额。

41、[M9]

标准答案：spend改成spends

知识点解析：句法错误，主谓不一致。句子的主语为iheEEC,在此处是当作一个

整体来看待的，所以谓语动词要使用单数形式。

42、[M10]

标准答案：bul改成and

知识点解析：逻辑错误，连接词误用。此处列举了EEC在各种研究机构所投入的

资金数量，并没有转折的含义，故将but改为and。

七、汉译英（本题共1题，每题1.0分，共1分。）

43、你得承认，多媒体不只是一件东西，而是包括许多东西的复杂的组合：硬件、

软件和这两者相遇时的界面。不，我们还忘了一件很萤耍的事情.多媒体还包括

你。是的，就是!对于多媒体.你不再是一个被动的观众，你可以榨制.可以交互

作用，可以让它按你的需要去做。这就意味着你可以按照自己的需要来调整多媒体

的表达形式。在一个报告中，你可以不管那些无用的东西而直接进入重要的数据，

可以将感兴趣的全世界的报告和图片收集汇编到•起。这就是多媒体的力量和它与

传统媒体（如书本和电视）的区别所在。

标准答案：Youshouldagreethatmultimediaisn'tanyonethingbutacomplex

entity①thatinvolvesmanythings:hardware,software,andtheinterface②wherethey

meet.Butwe'vefbrgotten（3）themostimportantthingthatmultimediainvolves:you.

Yeah,sure.Withmultimedia,youdon'thavetobeapassiverecipient©.Youcan

control.Youcaninteract.Youcanmakeitdowhatyouwantittodo.Itmeansyoucan

tailoramultiniediapresentationtoyourownneeds.Youcancutthrough⑤the

chaff⑥anddigdirectlyintotheimportantdatainareport,puttogetherreportsand

videoclipsfromaroundtheworldthatinterestyou.

知识点麻析：①以entily译“组合”，比较正式，也可以译成combinalion。②专业

文章的翻译会涉及专业词汇和专业知识。本段中的专业语汇包括“多媒

体”(multimedia)、"硬件"(hardware)、“软件”(software)、"界面”(inte命ec)和“数

据”(data)。③“还”在汉语中表示某种现象继续存在，或某种动作继续进行，因此

译为现在完成时haveforgotten<,④“观众”一词本身就含有被动接受的意思，译为

recipientBPnJ,加passive一词，使被动意思更加鲜明。⑤在遇到肯定否定逻辑转

换，即翻译正说反说的时候，可根据语境、语义、语气等因素作必要的变通。这里

用正说cutthrough译反说“不管”，意思是不考虑、不顾及，也可以用ignore,

disregard等动词来翻译,⑥chaff原指谷物的粒皮，此处用来译“无用的东西”，是

比喻的用法。也可以用garbage,non-significantdata等来译，只是直白了许多，并

没有错。

八、英译汉(本题共1题，每题7.0分，共1分。)

44、Museumsare,likeeverythingelse,productsofhistory.Theyhaveallchangeda

greatdealovertimeandcanchangeagain.Theyneedto.Museumsspring,essentially,

fromtheEnlightenment.TheBritishMuseumwasfoundedin1753,acentury-and-a-half

afterGalileo,butahundredyearsbeforeDarwin.Therapidlyaccumulatingcollectionsin

theworld'sfirstpublicmuseumswereaby-productofthebirthofmodernscience,v/hen

researchersmadediscoveriesbybuildingcollections-adeviPstoenail,fbrexample,

enteredmuseumsasanobjectofwonderonlylatertobere-labeledasthefossilofan

extinctoyster.Inourpost-Enlightenmentage,thevisibleworldhaslostmuchofits

mystery(whichisperhapswhywecaresolittleforit).Collectingisnolongerakey

methodofresearch.Normightsomanypeoplehavevisitedmuseumsinthepastifthey

hadbeenabletohoponaplanetoseeakangarooforthemselves,orbuyabookofcolor

reproductionsofJapaneseprints,orwatch,fromthecomfortofacouch,acomputer

simulationofadinosaursinkingitsteethintoitslatestvictim.Hencemuseumcurators

cannotgoonrunningtheirmuseumsasiftheworldhasn'tchanged.Yetmanyopera:eas

ifthelasteddiesoftheEnlightenmentstilllappedthroughtheirgalleriesandstores.

标准答案：和所有的东西一样，博物馆也是历史的产物。随着时间的改变，博物

馆都有了很大的变化，而且还可能继续改变。它们需要变化。最初，博物馆的建立

是由于启蒙运动。大英博物馆建于1753年，比佃利略晚150年，比达尔文早100

年。世界上第一批博物馆里收藏品的快速增长是现代科学诞生的一项副产品，因为

当时研究者们依靠收集来做研究例如，一枚“魔鬼的脚趾甲”最初以其罕见进入

博物馆，后来才被重新标签为一种已绝迹的贝类的化石。在我们的后后蒙时代，

可见的世界已经远没有那么神秘。收集已不再是做研究的主要方法。在过去，如果

人们能跳上飞机亲眼去看看袋鼠，或者是买上一本彩色的H本图画的复制品，或者

是舒舒服服地坐在沙发上看电脑模拟的恐龙捕食，那么也不会有这么多人去博物馆

参观了。

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、作文（本题共7题，每题1.0分，共］分。）

45、Accordingtostatistics,womenonthejobmarketmake,onaverage,75centsfor

everydollarmenmakefortheequivalentjobs.Thewagegapbetweenmenandwomen

hasbeenexistedforlongandwillcontinuetoexist.Whatisyouropinionofthe

phenomenon?Writeanessayofabout400wordsentitled:SexismatJobMarketInthe

firstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateyourmainargument,andinthesecondpariyou

shouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbring

whatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Markswillbe

awardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowthe

ahoveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

标准答案：SexismatJobMarketThegreatprincipleofequalityhasbeensothoroughly

putintopracticeinChinatoday.Buiinmanyplaceswomenarestilldeniedtherightto

competewithmenforjobsonequaltermsandtoreceiveequalpaymentattheirjob.Even

thoughentrylevelsalariesformalesandfemalesinthesameoccupationarenearlyequal

becausewoman'seducationandskillshaveimprovedvastly,thechancesoftheoverall

wagegapclosingintheforeseeablefutureareminimal.Thisisduetoseveralfactorsthat

arelikelytochangeveryslowly.Animportantreasonisthatwomenareconcentratedin

occupations-serviceandclerical-lhatpaylessthantraditionalmalejobs.Eveniir

comparablejobs,itispossiblethatmorewomenthanmenintheirtwentiesarehesitantto

committhemselvestothejobthatoftendemandsovertimeortravelingoutsideon

business.Althoughgreatstrideshavebeenmadeinachievinggreaterequalityforwomen

inthepastdecades,theirroleinthefamilyremainsbasicallyunchanged.Thedouble

burdenofworkinsideandoutsidethehomerendersthemimpossibletomakefulluseof

theirtalentsanddifficulttorisetopositionofleadership.Forexample,womenoftendrop

outatcriticalpointsintheircareerstohaveafamily.Womenstillhavetheprimary

responsibilityforchild-rearing;eveniftheycontinuetowork,theyoftenforgoovertime

andpromotionsthatwouldconilictwithhomeresponsibilities.Theagesof25to35have

beenshownrepeatedlytobetheperiodwhenworkingconsistentlyandhardisvitalto

advancementandjobsecurity.Thesearepreciselytheyearswhenwomenarelikelyto

havechildrenandbegintoslideawayfrommeninearningpower,consequently,a

woman'sincomeismorelikelytobeseenassecondarytoherhusband's.Another

significantfactorinthewagegapbetweenmenandwomenisalingeringattitudeon

people'smindthatmenaresuperiortowomen.Men'sresistancetowomen'sequality

arisespartlyfromtheirawarenessthatwhatthemaledoesisnolongerindispensableor

frequentlysuccessfulinallthefieldsyoucaretonameandthatmenwillbebeateninreal

competition.Takingintoaccountalltherelevantfactorswhichaffectandcontributeto

thecurrentsituation,wemaysafelyconcludethatwewon'tmakeadentintheattainment

ofwomen'ssocialstatusandtheirequalopportunitiesineveryfield,iftheycannotbe

releasedfrombusyhouseworkandmencannotgivethemenoughrespect.

知识点解析：暂无解析

专业英语八级模拟试卷第2套

一、听力复合式听写(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

Cosmeticsarcnowmorepopularthaneverbefore.Theagencyresponsibleforregulating

the【1】istheFoodandDrugAdministration.Acosmeticisexpectedtocleanse,

beautify,promoteattractiveness,orchange[2]Foractiontobetakenagainsta

cosmetic,itmustbeproven[3]inacourtoflaw.Butbeforeacosmeticissoldtothe

public,theFDAdoesnothave[4]toreviewthesafetyofcosmeticsoritsingredients.

CosmeticsaretestedconstantlybytheFDAfor[5]Generally,customers'complaints

aredeodorants,antiperspirantsandhair[6].Somecosmeticsfirmsguaranteethat

cosmeticsaresafeandproperlylabeled.Theytesttheirproductsin[7].Recently,the

firststepintheCTFAprogramassuringcosmeticsafetyisthe[8]ofcosmeticfinns

withtheFDA.Thesecondstepiscallingforthemanufacturerstolisttheingredientsin

their[9].ThethirdstepisprovidingtheFDAwithinformationonallconsumer

complaintstheyreceive.These[10]shouldassurethattightercontrolsarebeingplaced

onthecosmeticsindustry.

I、(I)

标准答案：safetyofcosmetics

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[2]

标准答案：appearance

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[3]

标准答案：harmful

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[4]

标准答案：authority

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[5]

标准答案：bacteria

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、[6]

标准答案：preparations

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、[7]

标准答案：laboratories

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、【8】

标准答案：voluntarylisting

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[9]

标准答