八大时态语法课件-高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

英语之时态专项二需要掌握的八种时态：1.过去将来时2.过去完成进行时3.将来完成进行时4.将来完成时5.过去将来完成时6.

过去将来完成进行时7.现在完成进行时8.过去将来进行时pastfuture过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态woulddosthwas/weregoingtodo过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态,常用于宾语从句中。Summarizetheusage.（1）

Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldinclude

crowds,discomfortanddanger.Manywouldbecome

sick,duetotheextremecoldandlowairpressure,andafewwouldevenlose

theirlives.（para1）①woulddo表预测Summarizetheusage.（2）In2011,wordssimilartothoseofMallorywerespokenbyAmericanmountainclimberAlanArnette,whoclimbedQomolangmainthatyearandwasgoingtoclimbotherhighmountainsaroundtheworld.（para2）

②begoingtodo表计划打算安排Summarizetheusage.（3）Withallthesupport,Ibelievedthatthisclasswasgoingtobeasuccess!②begoingtodo迹象表明会发生位移动词：go,come,leave,arrive,move,begin,start

③was/were（about）todo

(表示过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情)

Iwasjustabouttogotobed.

1.Shesaidthatshe_________(water)the

flowersthenextday,butshedidn't.2.Hetoldmethathe__________(leave)tomorrowwhenIcalledhim.8.Thebusdrivertoldeverybodytogetready

becausethebus_____________(start).10.Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe___________(come)untilyesterday.wouldwaterwouldleavewasstartingwascomingwouldcome过去完成进行时2.Ithadbeenrainingforthreedayswhenwearrivedatthevillage.过去完成进行时1.Whenhecameto,hedidn’tknowhowlonghehadbeenlying

there.我们到达那个村庄时，已经连续下了三天雨。他醒过来时，不知道自己在那里躺了多久。由“hadbeendoing”构成，表示过去的过去一直持续的动作。2.ShehadbeenswimmingforthethreehoursbeforeIcametoseeher.

过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别1.IhadstudiedFrenchbeforeIwenttocollege.

我来看她之前，她已经游泳三个小时了。我在上大学以前，已经学过法语。

过去完成时由“haddone”构成，强调过去的过去完成的动作,过去完成进行时强调过去的过去一直持续的动作。1.Hecamebackatseven.He

(wait)forherfortwohours.2.He

(justget)homewhenitbegantorain.3.I

(surf)onlinefortwohoursbythetimeshecametoseeme.填空hadbeenwaitinghadjustgothadbeensurfing到她来看我的时候，我已经上网两个小时了。他刚到家，就开始下雨了。他七点回来的。他已经等她两个小时了。

过去完成进行时由“

”构成，表示过去的过去“

”。过去完成时由“

”构成，表示过去的过去

“

”。小结完成的动作haddonehadbeendoing一直持续的动作英语语法体系——将来完成进行时（The

future

perfect

continuous）将来完成进行时定义：表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要根据上下文而定。例如：到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作10年了。（“工作”这个动作从现在开始一直延续到今年年底）将来完成时的构成shall

/

will

+

have

been

doing1）shall

+

have

done只用于第一人称（I,

we）2）will

+

have

done用于所有人称将来完成进行时的肯定句主语+

shall

/

will

+

have

been

doingBythistimenextweek,

hewillhavebeenworkingforthiscompanyfor30years.到下星期此刻，他已经为该公司工作30年了。将来完成进行时的否定句主语+

shall

/

will

+

not

+

have

been

doingBythistimenextweek,

hewillnot

havebeenworkingforthiscompanyfor30years.到下星期此刻，他没有为该公司工作30年。将来完成进行时的一般疑问句shall

/

will

+

主语+

have

been

doingBythistimenextweek,willhehavebeenworkingforthiscompanyfor30years到下星期此刻，他为该公司工作30年了吗？将来完成进行时的用法1.表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到现在Bythetimethesunrises,Ishallhavebeensleepingforninehours.太阳升起来之前，我已经睡了9个小时了。将来完成进行时的用法2.表示一个已经进行的动作到某一将来时刻仍在继续进行Hewillhavebeenworkingallday.他将整天忙于工作。将来完成进行时的用法3.在下面这个句子中，will是情态助动词，有“大概”或“我想”的含义Itiswinter,itwillhavebeensnowinginthenorth.冬天到了，北方可能已经开始下雪了。单项选择1.Bythetimeyouvisitmeat2p.m.tomorrow,theseminar_____forawholeday,butIdoubtitwillbeover.A.willprogress B.willhaveprogressedC.hasbeenprogressing D.willhavebeenprogressing2.---IsSarahstillwritingherthesis---Yes.Bytheendoftheweek,she_____onitforthreewholemonths.A.willwork B.willhaveworkedC.hasbeenworking D.willhavebeenworkingD练一练D3.Bythetimethefamouspianistturnsthirty,he_____thepianoformorethantwentyyears.A.willhavebeenplaying B.willplayC.hasbeenplaying D.plays4.---WillyoutakeoveratthenextserviceareaIwantashortrest.---Sure.You_____foroverfourhoursbythen.A.havedriven B.havebeendrivingC.willbedriving D.willhavebeendriving5.He_____Englishforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexams.A.hadbeenstudying B.wasstudyingC.willhavebeenstudying D.hasbeenstudyingADC英语语法体系——将来完成时（The

future

perfect）将来完成时定义：表示在将来某一时间之前完成或一直持续的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响例如：我明天七点前能写完作业。到下周五我就完成了。将来完成时的构成shall

/

will

+

have

done1）shall

+

have

done只用于第一人称（I,

we）2）will

+

have

done用于所有人称将来完成时的肯定句主语+

shall

/

will

+

have

doneThey

will

have

built

the

skyscraper

by

January.

他们将在一月份之前建成这座摩天大楼。Tom

will

have

read

all

his

course

books

by

next

week.到下个星期，汤姆将读完所有的课本。将来完成时的否定句主语+

shall

/

will

+

not

+

have

doneThey

will

not

have

built

the

skyscraper

by

January.

他们在一月份之前不能建成这座摩天大楼。Tom

will

not

have

read

all

his

course

books

by

next

week.到下个星期，汤姆不能读完所有的课本。will

not

=

won’t将来完成时的一般疑问句shall

/

will

+主语+

have

doneWilltheyhavebuilttheskyscraperbyJanuary他们在一月份之前能建成这座摩天大楼吗？WillTomhavereadallhiscoursebooksbynextweek到下个星期，汤姆能读完所有的课本吗？将来完成时的用法1.表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响经常与“before+将来时间”或“by+将来时间”连用，也可以与before或by

the

time

(that)引导的现在时的从句连用。例如：I

will

have

read

all

this

books

by

the

end

of

this

term.到这个学期末，我将读完所有的这些书。By

the

time

you

get

home,

I

will

have

cleaned

the

house

from

top

to

bottom.你到家之前，我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。将来完成时的用法2.

表示将来某一阶段内持续发生的动作Hewillhavereorganizedthecompanyinabouthalfayear.他将用半年左右的时间重组这个公司。Wewillhavebeenmarried

25

yearsonJune

26th.到6月26日我们俩结婚就满25年了。将来完成时的用法3.将来完成时常与表示完成意义的动词，如build（建立），complete（完成），finish（结束）等连用。在believe（相信），expect（期待），hope（希望），suppose（料想）等动作之后，也常用将来完成时。例如：I

expect

you

will

have

changed

your

mind

by

tomorrow.我预料到明天你就会改变主意了。Workerswillhavecompleted

thenewroadsbytheendofthisyear.工人们将于今年年底前把新路铺好。将来完成时的用法4.表示推测、设想，相当于“must

have

done”结构。翻译为“应该已经……”、“很有可能已经……”。例如：You

will

have

heard

of

this,

I

guess.我想你已经听说过这件事了。It’s

five

o’clock.

They

will

have

arrived

home

by

now.已经五点钟了，他们现在已经已经到家了。将来完成时的用法5.在时间从句和条件从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时，表示将来某个时间已经完成的动作。例如：You’ll

get

to

like

the

subject

after

you

have

studied

it

for

some

tome.在学习这个学科一段时间之后，你就会喜欢它的。I’ll

go

and

see

the

exhibition

as

soon

as

I

have

finished

my

work.我一做完作业就去看展览。如果不强调动作的完成（且不会引起歧义），有时也可用一般现在时。例如：I

will

go

with

you

when

I

finish

my

work. 我完成工作后就同你去。单项选择1.

I

want

to

pay

a

visit

to

my

parents;

I

_____

in

the

foreign

country

for

five

months

by

next

Sunday.A.

have

been

staying B.

will

have

stayedC.

have

stayed D.

will

be

staying2.

I’m

finally

going

back

to

my

motherland;

I

_____

in

the

foreign

country

for

four

years

by

next

months.A.

have

been

staying B.

will

have

stayedC.

have

stayed D.

will

be

stayingB练一练B3.

Hopefully

in

2030

we

will

no

longer

be

e-mailing

each

other,

for

we

_____

communication

tools

by

then.A.

have

developed B.

had

developedC.

will

have

developed D.

developed4.

By

the

time

you

get

back

from

Canada,

great

changes

_____

in

this

area.A.

will

take

place B.

are

to

take

placeC.

would

take

place D.

will

have

taken

place5.

By

next

October,

our

efforts

_____

of

great

benefit

to

the

populations

of

birds

on

the

islands.A.

will

be B.

have

been C.

are

going

to

be D.

will

have

beenCDDPastFuturePerfectTense过去将来完成时1、表示从过去某一时间来看将来某时会已经完成的动作。IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.IguessedthatMotherwouldhavemadesomesandwichesbythetimewegotback.过去将来完成时2.用于虚拟语气中若表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，此时条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，而主句谓语则通常用过去将来完成时.当然，主句谓语也可根据情况使用“should(could,might)+have+过去分词”。IfI’dleftsooner,I‘dhavebeenontime.过去将来完成时3.“would+have+

过去分词”的情态用法would后接完成式除用于构成过去将来完成时外，它还有其情态动词用法的一面。Fewmenwouldhavebaredtheirsoultoawomanashehad.很少有男人能像他一样对一个女人敞开心扉。过去将来完成时肯定句（wouldhavedone)IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.

过去将来完成时否定句（wouldnothavedone)IthoughtSophiawouldnothavetoldyousomething.

过去将来完成时疑问句（would提前)WouldSophiahavetoldyousomething？Yes,

she

would.No,shewouldn’t.

过去将来完成时结构：wouldhavebeen+doneMotherwouldhavemadesomesandwichesbythetimewegotback.Somesandwicheswouldhavebeenmadebyourmotherbythetimewegotback.

过去将来完成时（被动）

过去将来完成时（练习）They_________(finish)theworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.Would/couldhavefinished句意：他们昨天本来可以完成工作的，但雨下太大了。根据yesterday可知，这件事发生在过去，但最终因为雨下的很大，所以任务并没有完成，所以可以理解为在过去的时刻看将来完成的事；也可以理解为对过去的一种虚拟，即本能做但没做。故最终答案为过去将来完成时。PastFuturePerfectProgressiveTense过去将来完成进行时1、过去将来完成进行时表动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。Iknewbythattimehewouldhavebeenworkingtherefor30years.我知道到那时他他就在那儿工作满30年了。过去将来完成进行时2.过去将来完成进行时往往用在间接引语中。若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语从句中的间接引语为过去将来完成进行时。Shetoldmeshewould

havebeenteachinginthatuniversityfor20yearsbythatsummer.她告诉我到那年夏天她在那所大学教书就满20年了。过去将来完成进行时3.在特定的语境中，有时过去将来完成进行时可用虚拟语气。IfTom’sboyhadnotsatbesidehiminfront

Iwouldhavebeensittingthere.因为汤姆的小儿子。要是汤姆的孩子没坐在前边,他的身旁的话，我就会坐在前面了。过去将来完成进行时4.过去将来完成进行时,有时其中的would也可能是情态动词，具有情态意义，表示推测或猜想等。“Whatinterestingjobhaveyoufound”SheaskedTom,heknewshewouldhavebeenthinkingaboutit.“你找到什么有趣的工作啦”她问汤姆。他知道海伦一定会一直想这件事的。过去将来完成进行时肯定句（would/shouldhave

been+doing)Shetoldmeshewould

havebeenteaching

inthatuniversityfor20yearsbythatsummer.

过去将来完成进行时否定句（would/shouldnothave

been+doing)Shetoldmeshewouldnothavebeenteachinginthatuniversityfor20yearsbythatsummer.

过去将来完成进行时疑问句（would提前)一般很少用。Wouldshehavebeenteachinginthatuniversityfor20yearsbythatsummerYes,shewouldNo,shewouldn’t.

过去将来完成进行时结构：would/shouldhave

beenbeing+doneIwould

have

been

reading

books

bythetimeyoucame.Bookswouldhavebeenbeingreadbythetimeyoucame.

过去将来完成进行时（被动）

Presentperfectcontinuous现在完成进行时1.定义2.结构3.时间状语4.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别Presentperfectcontinuous现在完成进行时

1.表示从过去某时间开始，某动作一直延续到现在（说话时刻或最近刚刚结束的动作）1.—Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.—I__________________(paint)thelivingroom.2.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.—That’snothing.Ihavebeenreadinganovel.2.表示从过去某时间开始，某动作一直延续到现在（说话时刻），并可能继续下去。1.I________________(wait)forherforanhour,butshehasn’tturnedupyet.2.He’sill.He’sbeenlyinginbedfortwodays.havebeenpointinghavebeenwaiting二、结构肯定：have/hasbeendoing否定：haven’t/hasn’tbeendoing

eg：Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour,butshehasn'tcomeyet.

eg.Tomhasn’tbeenworkinghardsincethenewtermbegan.

三、时间状语现在完成进行时常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：allthetime一直,thisweek这周,allnight整晚,thesefewdays这些天,for+一段时间,since，recently最近

等。eg.Ihavebeenlivingheresince2020.eg.IhavebeenreadingthenovelfortwoweeksandIshouldbefinishedin3days.四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别1.现在完成时have/hasbeendoing的动作不一定已经完成(强调动作的延续)，而现在完成时have/hasdone表示动作已经完成（强调结果）。eg.Hehasbeenwritinganovel,whichwillbefinishednextmonth.eg.Hehaswrittenanovel,whichisbeingpreparedtocomeoutnow.四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别2.现在完成时have/hasbeendoing可以表示动作在重复，而现在完成时have/hasdone不表示动作重复。eg.Ihavebeenmeetingheratthelibraryrecently.Sheshouldbeprepareforherexamnextmonth.eg.Ihavemetherrecently，andshelooksthesameasfiveyearsago.四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别3.现在完成时have/hasbeendoing带有感情色彩，可使表达显得生动，而现在完成时have/hasdone只表明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不带感情色彩。eg.RecentlyLiHuahasbeenhelpinghismotherdohouseworkregularly.

(赞扬)eg.Ihavehelp

amaninneedandIfeeldelighted.（事实）四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别4.状态动词和非延续性动词（瞬间动词）不用于现在完成时have/hasbeendoing，而用现在完成时have/hasdone。

eg.IhavebeenillrecentlysoIcouldn’tgotowork.eg.Shehasfinished

theprojectrelevanttoclimatechange.Exercise(1)Youshouldgotobed.You___________________(watch)TVfor5hours.(2)I_________________(write)letterssince6o'clock.WhencanIhavearest？(3)I_________________(look)forhimeverywhere.Wherecanhebehavebeenwatchinghavebeenwritinghavebeenlooking

PastFutureContinuousTense过去将来进行时1.过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作，也可以表计划中的事。它常和表示过去将来的时间状语连用，但时间状语亦可省略。IneverrealizedthatsomedayIwouldbelivinginChina.过去将来进行时2、过去将来进行时主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中。Theysaidtheywouldbecoming.3.过去将来进行时可以表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行的动作。Hesaidthathecouldnotcomebecausehewouldbehavingameeting.过去将来进行时肯定句（wouldbe+doing)Theysaidtheywouldbecoming.

过去将来进行时否定句（wouldnotbe+doing)Theysaidtheywouldnotbecoming.

过去将来进行时疑问句（would提前)Wouldtheybecoming

过去将来进行时结构：wouldbebeingdone

过去将来进行时（被动）结构：wouldbebeingdoneIwouldbecleaningmyhomewhenmyfathercameback.Myhomewouldbebeingcleanedwhenmyfathercameback.

过去将来进行时（被动）

过去将来进行时（练习）Hewouldpaytherestashe________(leave）FranceWouldbeleaving句意：其余款项，他将在离开法国时付清。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据would可知，设空处的动作是发生在过去的，而且是在他将要离开的时候，此时leave的动作还处于将来，且当时正在进行。故填wouldbeleaving。Tense时态

一般进行完成完成进行现在

do/does

am/is/aredoing

have/hasdone

have/hasbeendoing过去

did

was/weredoing

haddone

hadbeendoing将来

willdo

willbedoing

willhavedone

willhavebeendoing过去将来

woulddowouldbedoingwouldhavedonewouldhavebeendoing1.

George

promise

he

_____

all

the

domestic

chores

by

the

time

his

parents

are

back

this

evening.A.

will

finish B.

has

finished C.

will

be

finishing D.

will

have

finished2.

It

is

reported

that

by

the

end

of

this

month

the

output

of

cars

in

this

factory

_____

by

about

10%.A.

will

be

rising B.

has

been

rising C.

has

risen D.

will

have

risenDD3.

By

the

time

you

have

completed

the

essential

training,

you

_____

exposed

to

virtually

every

new

feature

of

the

course.A.

will

have

been B.

will

be C.

would

have

been D.

would

be

C2.到达目的地之前，他开车一直很快。1.你打前，我一直在看书。翻译句子He

hadbeendrivingatgreatspeedbeforehearrivedatthedestination.I

hadbeenreadingbeforeyoucalledme.

2.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon'sstudents____________________(study)waystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution(解决方案)．4.Inthelastfewyears,China______________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.8.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement_____________________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.havebeenstudyinghasmadehasbeenreached用单词的适当形式完成句子1.Ifthetrendcontinues,by2020,theworld__________(lose)two-thirdsofitsvertebratebiodiversity.3.Isitlikelythatscientists_______________(discover)acurecancerbytheyear20405.IhopeJack’shealth_______________(improve)greatlybythetimewegobacktoschoolthisSeptember.6.MytrainarrivesinShanghaiat10thismorning.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromthere__________(leave)bythen.7.---IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.---Iknow.Bynextmonth,he____________(save)enoughforausedone.will

have

lost练一练will

have

discoveredwill

have

improvedwill

have

leftwill

have

saved6.Georgepromisehe_____allthedomesticchoresbythetimehisparentsarebackthisevening.A.willfinish B.hasfinished C.willbefinishing D.willhavefinished7.Itisreportedthatbytheendofthismonththeoutputofcarsinthisfactory_____byabout10%.A.willberising B.hasbeenrising C.hasrisen D.willhaverisen8.---CanIcallyoubackattwoo’clockthisafternoon---I’msorry,butthen_____toBeijing.HowaboutfiveA.beflying B.willhaveflown C.willfly D.willbeflownDDB9.

By

the

time

you

have

completed

the

essential

training,

you

_____

exposed

to

virtually

every

new

feature

of

the

course.A.

will

have

been B.

will

be C.

would

have

been D.

would

be

10.

By

the

time

the

course

ends,

we

_____

a

lot

about

each

other.A.

will

learn B.

have

learned C.

had

learned D.

will

have

learned11.

I

am

sorry

that

I

can

not

meet

you

at

the

airport.

I

_____

Tianjin

by

the

time

you

come

back

from

abroad.A.

am

leaving B.

will

leave C.

will

have

left D.

have

left12.

By

the

end

of

this

month,

we

surely

_____

a

satisfactory

solution

to

the

problem.A.

have

found B.

will

be

finding C.

will

have

found D.

are

findingCDCC13.BythetimeJanegetshomo,heraunt_____forLindontoattendameeting.A.willleave B.leaves C.willhaveleft D.leave14.---MayIspeaktothemanageratfiveo’clockthisafternoon---Sorry,buthe_____toaconferencebythen.A.hasgone B.wouldhavegone C.willhavegone D.hadgone15.Sheahsbeenstudyinghereforfiveyearsandbythetimeofnextsummershe_____.A.willgraduate B.willbegraduating C.willbegraduated D.willhavegraduated16.Shenshegraduatesfromthecollegethissummer,she_____hereforfouryears.A.willstudy B.willhavestudied C.istostudy D.hasstudiedCCDB17.

It

is

reported

that

by

the

end

of

this

year,

the

import

of

fruit

and

seafood

_____

by

about

10%

because

of

the

pandemic

of

coronavirus.A.

has

decreased B.

will

have

decreased C.

will

be

decreased D.

has

been

decreasing18.

By

the

time

you

get

this

letter,

I

_____

the

country.A.

will

leave B.

will

have

left C.

would

leave D.

am

leaving19.

By

the

time

he

comes

back

from

London,

I

_____

the

project.A.

finish B.

have

finished C.

will

finish D.

will

have

finished20.

When

you

have

finished

the

report,

believe

or

not,

I

_____

for

about

3

hours.A.

will

be

waiting B.

waited C.

will

have

waited D.

have

waitedBBDC6.

You

needn’t

hurry

her.

She

_____________

(finish)

it

by

the

time

you

are

ready.7.

They

read

this

letter

to

him

on

the

air:

“Hello,

my

name

is

Brenda

Schemitz,

when

you

receive

this

letter,

I

__________

(lose)

my

battle

to

cancer.”8.

We

are

late.

I

expected

the

film

______________

(start)

by

the

time

we

get

to

the

cinema.9.

By

the

time

he

leaves

university,

he

__________

(get)

work

experience

so

long

as

he

takes

a

part-time

job.10.

---

Tommy

is

planning

to

buy

a

car.

---

I

know.

By

next

month,

he

____________

(save)

enough

for

a

used

one.11.

By

the

time

you

arrive

in

London,

we

____________

(stay)

in

Europe

for

two

weeks.12.

By

the

time

he

moves

to

Beijing

next

week,

I

_______________

(return)

his

books.13.

China

_______________

(reduce)

the

carbon

dioxide

emissions

a

lot

by

2030,

the

vice

premier

told

the

media.14.

We

will

_______________

(marry)

for

two

years

on

Christmas.will

have

finishedwill

have

lostwill

have

startedwill

have

gotwill

have

savedwill

have

stayedwill

have

returnedwill

have

reducedhave

been

married(4)三年以来，我们一直在研究这个地区的各种物种。

________________________________

sincethreeyearsago.(5)近来他老是说厌倦了自己的工作。______________________heistiredofhisworkrecently.(6)在过去的几个月，西南地区的人们一直遭受严重旱灾的折磨。Peopleinthesouthwesternareas________________________________________inthepastfewmonths.WehavebeenstudyingvariousspeciesintheareaHehasbeensayinghavebeensufferingfrom

seriousdrought

Marty___________________(work)reallyhard