英语四级选词填空真题及答案

2016年12月英语四级选词填空真题及答案

第一套

PARTIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistof

choicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthethepassagethrough

carefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankis

identifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterfor

eachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthere

are"male"and"female“brains,believingthatexplainsjustabout

everydifferencebetweenthenewstudy26thatbelief,questioning

whetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.

Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers27forsex

differencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrain

Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidence

for28brainsas“male"or“female”,researchshowsthatbrains

fallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.

DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthat

whiletherearesomegender-based29,manydifferenttypesofbrain

can,talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.

Whilethe“average”maleand“average“femalebrainswere

30different,youcouldn7ttellitbylookingatindividualbrain

scans.Onlyasmall31ofpeoplehad“all-male”or“all-female”

characteristics.

LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist（神经科学家），saidthe

studyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearch

questioning32beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthe

cautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsare

thesame,33ofgender.

“There'samountainofevidence34theimportanceofsex

influencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,“hetoldTheSeattle

Times.

Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy35thatgenderplaysavery

importantroleinthebrain一"evenwhenwearenotclearexactly

how.”

A)侬I)regardless

B)appliedJ)searched”

C)taeflyK)similarities^1

D)categorizingL)slightly"

E)challengesM)suggests^1

F)figureN)taste*1

G)percentageO)traditional^1

H)provings

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalist

ofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readth

epassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachch

oiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecor

respondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsint

hebankmorethanonce.

It'sourguiltypleasure:WatchingTVisthemostcommonev

erydayactivity,afterworkandsleep,inmanypartsofthewor

Id.AmericansviewfivehoursofTVeachday,andwhileweknow

thatspendingsomuchtimesitting(36)canleadtoobesity(flE

胖症)andotherdiseases,researchershavenowquantifiedjust

how(37)beingacouchpotatocanbe.

Inananalysisofdatafromeightlarge(38)publishedstu

dies,aHarvard-ledgroupreportedintheJournaloftheAmeric

anMedicalAssociationthatforeverytwohoursperdayspentc

hannel(39),theriskofdevelopingType2diabetes(糖尿病)ro

se20%overyears,theriskofheartdiseaseincreased15%ove

ra(40),andtheoddsofdyingprematurely(41)13%during

aseven-yearfollow-up.Allofthese(42)arelinkedtoalack

ofphysicalexercise.Butcomparedwithothersedentary(久坐的)

activities,likeknitting,viewingTVmaybeespecially(43)

atpromotingunhealthyhabits.Forone,thesheernumberofhou

rswepasswatchingTVdwarfsthetimewespendonanythingels

e.Andotherstudieshavefoundthatwatchingadsforbeerand

popcornmaymakeyoumorelikelyto(44)them.

Evenso,theauthorsadmitthattheydidn'tcomparediffere

ntsedentaryactivitiesto(45)whetherTVwatchingwas1inked

toagreaterriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseorearlydeathco

mparedwith,say,reading.

A)climbedB)consumeC)decadeD)determineE)effectiveF)h

armfulG)outcomes

H)passivelyI)previouslyJ)resumeK)sufferedL)surfingM)

termN)terminals0)twisting

参考答案解析:

36.passively????

解析：sittingpassively被动坐着

从词性判断，36题应该选一个副词来修饰sitting这个动名词，而备选项

中只有两个副词，一个是passively被动地，一个是previously之前，

再根据语义逻辑，坐着那看电视的行为应该是一种被动行为，而不存在前

后之分。

37.harmful

解析：quantifiedjusthowharmfulbeingacouchpotato量化长时

间看电视的严重危害

通过分析how(???)beingacouchpotatocanbe这句话的句子成分,

得出how这个副词之后应该接一个形容词，符合词性条件的备选项，一个

是effective有效的，一个是harmful有害的。根据语义逻辑，长时间看

电视是有害的，故选harmfulo

38.previously

解析：previouslypublishedstudies之前公布的研究

38题空格处应该填一个副词来修饰published这个词，参考36题的解析，

备选项中现在只剩下一个副词就是previously,刚好填入此处。

39.surfing

解析：spentchannelsurfing,直接翻译为在频道冲浪，意译为看电视。

这里的channel频道指代television电视；而“surfing冲浪"指代“w

atching看"，我们经常看到上网常用surfing一词，这里运用了仿词，

将“上网冲浪”的surfing借过来用来指“看电视以上可以理解为英

语中的委婉表达。

40.decade

解析：increased15%overadecade?10年增加了15%。40题后面出现

了一个词并列连词and,说明本句存在并列关系。通读此句，40题在ove

r之后应该填一个表示时间的名词，这样才能和前文over与后文durin

gaseven-yearfollowup形成并列，备选项中只有decade符合条件。

41.climbed

解析：theodds-climbed13%几率增加了13%。解析同40题，根据a

nd所指向的并列关系，前文说某一种风险增加了20%,某一种风险的增加

了15%,此处空格也应该填一个表示上升的动词，备选项只有climbed,

爬升。

42.outcomes

解析：alloftheseoutcomes所有这些后果。此题填outcomes,是对

前文各种疾病风险的概括。

43.effective

解析：beespeciallyeffectiveatpromotingunhealthyhabits更容

易形成不健康的习惯。beeffectiveatdoing有效做某事。这里是讽刺

用法，用来强调看电视更容易形成不健康的习惯。

44.consume

解析：makeyoumorelikelytoconsumethem?使你更有可能吃他们,

这里注意them指前文出现的beer啤酒和popcorn爆米花,又能表示喝啤

酒，又能表示吃爆米花的词只有consume。consume消费，也只吃喝（东

西）。

45.determine

解析：通过句法分析，本句应该填写动词原形，放在to不定式符号之后。

备选项中有3个动词原形，其中consume己经填在了44题，在剩下的re

sume恢复和determine决定之间，根据语义，应选择determine。

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetext

andgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs_1_questions,

andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis“conversation“goesonbelowthe

levelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome_2_ofit.

Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatch

isoccurringbetween_3_andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatching

isbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesatthe

unconsciouslevel.

Differentpeople_4_withthetextdifferently.Somestayvery

closetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfrom

thewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.The

formerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis_5_inthetext.

Thelatterrepresents_6_levelsofcomprehension.Thebalance

betweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.

Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis

—7—important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwith

howitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas_8—

toa“content“conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbut

withthe_9_weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreader

ourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusually

prettywell_10_.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontent

conversation.

[A]opposed[B]converse[C]equallyD]written

[E]developed[F]strategies[G]compared[H]awake

[I]higher[J]expectations[K]deal[L]absolutely[M]aware

[N]better[0]further

参考答案：

1.02.M3.J4.B5.D6.17.C8.A9.

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistof

choicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthe

bankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletter

foreachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops（啤酒

花），forexample,whichgivemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,

area26recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasmentionedin

referencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershave

founda27ingredientinresidue（残留物）from5000-year-oldbeer

brewingequipment.Whileexcavatingtwopitsatasiteinthecentral

plainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandve—

Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers28theywereusedtobrew,

filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancientwbeer-makingtools,“

andtheearliest29evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,the

researchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof

Sciences.To30thathypothesis,thetea