人教版(新教材)高中英语必修3Unit 1　Festivals and Celebrations学案：Discovering Useful Structures

人教版(新教材)高中英语必修第三册PAGEPAGE1DiscoveringUsefulStructuresLearningAim(学习目标)Grammar—The-ingform(1)astheattributeandthepredicative(重点难点)感知以下句子，完成方框下面的小题。1．IthinktheRioCarnivalwouldbethemostexciting.2．DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina，familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.3．AnotherexampleisHalloween，whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren，inspiteofitsreligiousorigins.4．Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.1．句1中exciting在句中作表语。2．句2和句3中shining和exciting在句中作定语，分别修饰名词moon和festival。3．句4中shopping在句中作定语修饰名词websites，表示websites的用途。一、动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式作表语，通常位于系动词后面，用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。1．有些作表语的-ing形式由表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来，如moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等，这类分词有“令人……的”之意，常修饰物。Yourspeechisveryinterestingandencouraging.你的演讲非常有趣且鼓舞人心。Thenewsisexciting.这则消息令人兴奋。2．动词-ing形式作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。即主语等同于表语，两者可互换。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是保持报告厅尽可能干净。〖名师点津〗(1)作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear，sound，look，become，come，get，go，grow，keep，remain，seem等。(2)动词-ing形式作表语时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时态中的动词-ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。Thepresentsituationisencouraging.(表语)目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。Thepresentsituationisencouragingustostrideforwardinproduction.(现在进行时)目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。3．不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。动词-ed形式作表语表示外因使之具备的性质和特征，意为“感到……的”。Mywishistofindapart-timejobthissummer.我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作。Iwasdisappointedatthisdecision.我对这个决定感到失望。二、动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing形式作定语，有以下几种情况：Doyouknowtheswimmingboyintheswimmingpool?你认识那个正在游泳池里游泳的男孩吗？Hebroughtussurprisingnews.他给我们带来了惊人的消息。ThestudentsrunningalongthestreetarefromNo.3MiddleSchool.＝Thestudentswho/thatarerunningalongthestreetarefromNo.3MiddleSchool.沿街跑步的学生来自第三中学。Thewomanholdingababyinherarmsiswaitingtoseethedoctor.＝Thewomanwho/thatisholdingababyinherarmsiswaitingtoseethedoctor.怀抱婴儿的那位妇女正在等着看医生。〖名师点津〗(1)动词-ing形式作定语也有被动形式。Thetopicbeingdiscussedatthemomentisaboutmusic.＝Thetopicwhich/thatisbeingdiscussedatthemomentisaboutmusic.现在正在讨论的话题是关于音乐的。(2)现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。Youshouldadapttothechangingsituation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.地上满是落叶。I’mlookingforaroomtolivein.我正在找房子住。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ican’tgowithyou，forIhavealotofworktodo(do)．2．Ourschoolwentonanorganized(organize)triplastweek.3．Thewomanlooking(look)athermapisarelativeofmymother.4．Atpresent，therearemanyproblemsremaining(remain)tobesolved.5．Givemetheblueraincoat，please，theonehanging(hang)behindthedoor.6．There’sanotepinnedtothedoorsaying(say)whentheshopwillopenagain.7．Itwasastonishing(astonish)toeveryonethatthecourthadmadesuchadecision.8．Themeetingbeingheld(hold)nowissignificant.Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，用括号内动词的适当形式填空LaTomatinaisafestivalthattakesplaceintheSpanishtownBunoleveryAugust.Ithinkmanyfoodfestivalsare1.boring(bore)becausepeoplearejusteating.However，thisfestivalis2.interesting(interest)becausepeopledon’tactuallyeatthetomatoes.Instead，theythrowthemateachother！Thenumberofpeople3.taking(take)partinthistomatofightcanreachupto20,000，anditisavery4.exciting(excite)fightthatlastsforawhole