2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练重难语法练02 形容词副词、情态动词（原题版）

重难语法02形容词副词、情态动词目录题型综述 2解题攻略 2考点01形容词副词 3考点02情态动词 5高考练场 15高考英语语法填空中，形容词、副词和情态动词是重要的语法考点。这些考点不仅涉及基本的词法和句法知识，还要求考生结合语境灵活运用。以下是这些语法点的主要考点概述：形容词和副词的基本用法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的词类转换常见情态动词的基本用法情态动词+havedone的用法一、形容词副词级别01基本用法1.形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态，在句中一般作定语、表语或宾语补足语等。Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.(作定语)EnglishiscompulsoryforChinesestudents.(作表语)Pleasekeepthedooropen.(作宾补)副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频率等，在句中主要作状语。Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.(修饰动词)MaryandJanearequitedifferent.(修饰形容词)Hespoketooquicklytounderstand.(修饰副词)Heisbadlyinneedofmoney.(修饰介词短语)Generally,it’sabookworthreading.(修饰句子)2.形容词和副词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物之间的比较。比较的对象应为同类，且不能相互包容，常用结构为“比较级＋than＋比较对象”，“the＋最高级＋比较范围”。TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai.Allanisthesecondtallestplayerintheteam.LucyrunsfasterthanLily.02形容词与副词的比较级和最高级构成1：规则变化构成例词原级比较级最高级单音节词一般情况下直接加-er和-estsmallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结尾的双音节词加-r和-stfinefinerfinestcutecutercutestableablerablest以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音字母的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er和-estfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i再加-er和-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加more和mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulpopularmorepopularmostpopularefficientlyMoreefficientlymostefficiently2：不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3：形容词和副词比较等级常见句式项目例句as...as.../notso(as)...as...,意为“和…(不)一样…”Sheisastallashermother.Iamnotas/sogoodaplayerasyouare.比较级(+than),意为“一方比另一方……”Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.Ihaveneverseenamoreinterestingfilm.less+原级+than,意为“一方不及另一方……”Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.the+比较级,the+比较级,意为“越……越……”Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.more...than...,意为“与其……倒不如……”Heismoreshythanunfriendly.以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior,prior,inferior等ThebookissuperiortothatoneIjustfinishedreading.no+比较级+than两者都不Thisbookisnomoreinterestingthanthatonce.The+比较级+ofthetwo两者中较为……theolderofthetwo03形容词、副词的倍数表达法(1)...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...Thebigboxisfourtimesasheavyasthesmallone.大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。(2)...倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...Thecarrunstwicefasterthanthattruck.这辆轿车跑得比那辆卡车快两倍。(3)...倍数＋the＋度量衡名词＋of...Thenewlybuiltsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新建的广场是之前的四倍大。(4)...倍数＋what从句Cottonoutputisnowtentimeswhatitwastenyearsago.目前棉花产量是十年前的十倍。(5)...倍数＋that/thoseof...InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas3.5timesthatofJanuary.这个车间七月的产量是一月的3.5倍。04形容词作定语的位置形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:修饰some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时nobodyabsent,everythingpossible以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossiblealive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置theonlypersonawake和空间、时间、单位连用时abridge50meterslong成对的形容词可以后置ahugeroomsimpleandbeautiful形容词短语一般后置amandifficulttogetonwith二、情态动词考法1考查情态动词的基本用法对于情态动词,通常是在具体的语境(尤其是对话)中考查其基本含义。个别高频情态动词在特殊语境下的特殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等)是高考的热点和难点。常见情态动词的基本用法是高考考查的重点。例题：1．Somescientificevidencesuggestsmusicaltrainingbeforetheageofseven________haveasignificantimpactonthebrain'sdevelopment.答案：can句意为：一些科学证据表明人在七岁以前的音乐训练对大脑的发育可能有重要影响。can表示可能性。考法2考查“情态动词+havedone”的用法“情态动词+havedone”用法是高考的难点,主要是给出动词,让考生根据语境选择适当的情态动词填空,既可能考查情态动词的使用,也可能考查动词过去分词的形式。例题：I________havepassedmyexaminationeasily,butImadetoomanystupidmistakes.答案：could/would/might句意为：我本能很轻松地通过考试，但我犯了很多愚蠢的错误。与过去事实相反，主句用would/could/might/havedone。考法3考查虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气主要会在语篇填空或短文改错题目中出现,同时if的省略所产生的倒装现象也是常考的语法点。考生要根据上下文语境来揣摩句子的语气,同时注意if引导的非真实条件句中省略if引起倒装的语法现象。(1)虚拟语气用于条件状语从句时,从句或主句中动词的形式。(2)虚拟语气在with,without,butfor,under,or等构成的结构代替条件状语从句时的用法。(3)wish后的宾语从句,表示建议、愿望、命令等的动词或名词后的名词性从句以及asif/asthough引导的从句中虚拟语气的用法。例题：2..Icouldn't________(go)throughthehardtimesbutformyteacher'sgenerousandtimelyhelp.答案havegone[句意：要不是老师慷慨而及时的帮助，我不可能熬过那段艰难的岁月。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为havegone。本句中的butfor相当于ifithadn'tbeenfor...。]3．Iwasillthatday,otherwiseIwould________(take)partinthesportsmeet.答案havetaken[句意：那天我病了，否则我就参加运动会了。根据语境可推知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为havetaken。]4．Thenationwidesmogservesasaconstantreminder,indicatingthatit'shightimewe________(reflect)onourselves.答案reflected/shouldreflect[句意：全国范围内的雾霾在不断提醒我们是时候反思自己了。由“itishightimesb.did/shoulddosth.”可知填reflected/shouldreflect。]一、单句语法填空1．Peoplewhohavebenefitedfromgoodbehaviourare(likely)todosomethingniceforsomeoneelselateron.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Accordingtosomereports,thissatelliteandotherUSspysatelliteshavethetechnologytotakeeven(sharp)images,witharesolutionofuptoaround4inches(10cm).(所给词的适当形式填空)3．Theeveningisthe(blessed)timeoftheday.Takethistimetoenjoythehappytimeswithfriendsandfamily.Havealaughter-filledevening.(所给词的适当形式填空)4．Machinelearningisnowcapableoffar,far(complex)tasks.(所给词的适当形式填空)5．Thetribesareworkingtobuilda(big)museumthatwillbeclosertoU.S.Highway93.It’sapushtosharetheirhistorywithmorepeople.(所给词的适当形式填空)6．Notknowingwhathewasreallyinterestedin,hefoundithardtodecidewhichofthetwocoursescouldbe(appropriate).(所给词的适当形式填空)7．Franklyspeaking,MrWhite’slectureis(wonderful)oneIhaveeverattended.(所给词的适当形式填空)8．Thecontestrequiresthechosenlaugherstofaceoffagainsteachotherastheaudiencedetermineswhohas(attractive)laugh.(所给词的适当形式填空)9．Thestudentswereeven(confused)butstartedthetestbythen.(所给词的适当形式填空)10．Whilepeoplewereamazedbyhowgeneroustheycouldget,Figueroasaidshehadthe(unforgettable)Christmasexperienceinher12yearsofworkingforMcDonald’s.(所给词的适当形式填空)11．Afterafewmonths,wedidnotcomplainabouthomeworkanymorebecauseweknewthatourteachersworked(hard)thanwedid.(所给词的适当形式填空)12．Afterjust12minuteswithdogs,patients’heartsandlungsseemedtobeworking(well).(所给词的适当形式填空)13．Theprincipleswearefindinginthefruitfly(果蝇)brain-thelogicandorganization-bethesameasthoseinhumanbrains.(用适当的词填空)14．Handshakinghavestartedasanancientcustomtodemonstratetoastrangerthatyouhadnoweaponinyourhand.(用适当的词填空)15．Atthesametime,live,detailedmapsofEarth’ssurfaceaidhumanityinamazingways.(用适当的词填空)16．Ifyoudon’tknowthenamesofcertainpeople,youbeabletoaskolderrelatives,therebyinvolvingtheminyourresearch.(用适当的词填空)17．Butgrocerystorebreadstayfreshduringlongshippingandstoragetimes.Socompaniesoftenputachemicalpreservativeinit.(用适当的词填空)18．WhisperCamel-Means,thetribesdivisionmanagerforthewildliferefuge,saidundertheFishandWildlifeServicesupervision,theexhibitstherepreviouslyusedadifferenttribes’wordforbison,whichtheynotaccept.(用适当的词填空)19．Howwerespondtothem,however,isuptous.Wereacttothemlikeevilsofselfishnessorlikeheroesoflove.(用适当的词填空)20．Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Shenothavespokenatthemeeting.(用适当的词填空)21．Theschoolhasmadeitarulethatstudentsnotusemobilephonesinclass.(用适当的词填空)22．Theyhavemissedtheplane,orperhapstheyhavebeenpreventedfromcomingforsomereason.(用适当的词填空)23．ItistakenforgrantedinChinathatchildrensupporttheirparents.(用适当的词填空)24．Fromthemomentheread,hewasneverwithoutabookinhishands.(用适当的词填空)25．ForalltheattentionIwasgettingI

aswellnothavebeenthere.Ifeltastranger.(用适当的词填空)26．“IhardlystandtheideaofhavingtotalktostrangersontheTubeonmywaytowork,”hetoldtheBBC．(用适当的词填空)27．Teachersandchaperonesmodelgoodbehaviorforthegroupandremainwithstudentsatalltimes.(用适当的词填空)28．Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsbereadytocompleteshortinclasswritings.(用适当的词填空)29．Interestingly,thelettersdidnotcontaintheusualwarningstochildrenthattheynotreceivetheirpresentsiftheywerenotgood.(用适当的词填空)30．Everystepintherefurbishinganddecoratingprocesshastofollowhistoricalrecordingsandprecedent,saysthedesigner.Ifrelevantdocumentationisvague,restorersleavecertainpartsuntouchedtoretainmarksleftbytime.(用适当的词填空)二、语篇语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InChina,noSpringFestivalcelebrationwouldbecompletewithoutoranges.Thesweetfruitnotonlydecorateshomes,butalsoservesasagoodsnackforvisitorsbecauseitpeels1(easy).Thepopularityofthefruitduringthefestiveseasonhasalonghistory,2(date)backtotheQingDynasty,3Chineseparentswouldplacefruitlikeoranges,datesorpersimmons(柿子)besidetheirchildren’spillows,alongwithred4(envelope)underthepillow.Thetraditionwasmeant5(scare)monsters(怪兽)offfromfolktales.Thereisacommon6(explain)forwhyorangeshavecometobeconsideredsuchaluckysymbol.Amajorpartofthatcomesfrompronunciation.SomesaytheMandarinpronunciationofthefruit“ju”soundslikethewordfor“ji”(goodluck).Besideshaving7auspicious(吉祥)ringtoitsname,thereddishgoldencolorandroundshapeoforangesarewidelyseenassymbolsofgoodluck.Today,orangeissopopular8ChinesepeoplethatthefruithasbecomepracticallyanecessityforthemostimportantholidayinalmosteveryhouseholdinChina.ThetraditionofgivingorangesduringChineseNewYearhasalsospreadtoSoutheastAsiancountries,whereoranges9(exchange)inpairsamongrelativesasanactofwell-wishing.Theorangeswithstemsandleavesstill10(attach)tothemcarryextrasymbolismoflongevityandfertility.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnDecember4,2024,theUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)addedtheSpringFestivaltotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物质文化遗产)ofHumanity.AsasignaturepartofChineseculture,theSpringFestival,alsocalledChineseNewYear,isoneofthemostimportantfestivals11(practice)inChinaandaroundtheworld.TheUNESCO’smoveisseenasanofficial12(recognize)oftheSpringFestival’sChineseorigins.TheSpringFestivalputsfamilyatitscore.TheChinesecherish(珍视)familyandthestrongbondsamongfamilymembers,andextendthisaffection13thecommunityandthenationandbeyond.That’s14eachSpringFestival,hundredsofmillionsofpeopletravelhometoreunite(团聚)with15(they)relatives.TheSpringFestivalincludesa16(comprehension)rangeofintangibleculturalheritagesatvariouslevels.Itisafestivalfilledwithfolktales17thetraditionsbasedonthem.Celebrationsforthefestivallastfor15days,18(end)withtheLanternFestival.TheSpringFestival19(bear)Chinesecivilization’spursuitofpeaceandharmony,promotesbestwishesforthefuture,andsubstantiatesthecommon20(value)ofhumanitysuchassocialinclusionandasoundrelationshipbetweenmanandnature.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Inagray-tiledhousealongLiyangOldStreetinHuangshancity,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince,sits21extraordinarystudio.ItistheworkshopofGanErke,amasterofChineselacquerware(漆器).GanErke,22isaninheritor(传承人)oftheHuizhoulacquerwaredecorationtechnique,hasdevotedhislifetocreatingdelicatelacquerwarepieces.23(preserve)thistechniqueessenceandmaintainChina’sworld-classstandards,hehasdonealot,andevenrevived(复原)someelementsofthecraftthatwereclosetobeinglost.Lacquerwareinvolvescoatingobjectswithnaturalliquidfromlacquertrees.Chinaisconsidereditsbirthplace,asevidencedbyfindingsfromtheJingtoushansiteinEastChina’sZhejiangprovince,24(reveal)thatancientChinesewereamongthefirsttoutilizelacquertreesapsome8,000yearsago.TheHuizhoulacquerwaretechnique,25itsthousand-yearhistory,isknownforitsrefinementandelegance.Thelocalcraft26(reach)itspeakduringtheMingDynasty(1368—1644).Creatinglacquerwaredemandsprecisionandpatience.Asinglepiecerequiresatleastthreetofourmonths,27evenayear,tocomplete,becausemultiplesteps28(involve)intheprocess.Gan’sjourneybeganatalocalartsandcraftsfactoryfrom1979to1986.HefoundthatalthoughitoriginatedinChina,aconcerninggapexistsbetweenChina’straditionallacquertechniquesandcontemporaryworks.This29(realize)droveGantoconductdeepresearch.“Made-in-Chinalacquerwareshouldstandequalto,ifnotsurpass,anyotherlacquerware30(global),”Gansays.ForGan,lacquerwarerepresentsmorethanartistry—itembodiesChinesecivilization’sbrilliance.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withthedelicatetouchofherfingers,WuMancarefullyuntiesthethreadsofadistantpast.Whenthe31(international)celebratedpipamastertookthestageattheNationalCentreforthePerformingArtsinBeijingonDec3,sheperformedmusicpiecesbasedonancientscoresfromtheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteinDunhuang,GansuProvince,goingbeyondtheboundariesoftimeandspace.Withthepipa,Wudoesn’tjustre-createhistory—shechannelsit,32(breathe)lifeintoancientmelodies(旋律)preservedinthecavewallsforoverathousandyears.Wu,33thesameday,announcedthereleaseofhernewalbumMusicFromtheDunhuangCaves.AccordingtoWu,theideaofrecordingthealbumstartedin2021whenshe34(invite)tojoinadocumentaryaboutDunhuang.“WhenIvisitedtheMogaoCavesinDunhuang,35theancientpipamanuscripts(手稿)werediscovered,Iwaslikeachildfullof36(curious).IwasdeeplymovedwhenIsawthehistoricalsite,”sherecalls.“Ifeltastrongresponsibility37(preserve)andbringattentiontothisinvaluableculturalheritage.”Wu’salbum38(represent)asignificantcontributiontotheworldofclassicalChinesemusic.Undoubtedly,39(it)releaseisatimelyreminderoftherichculturalhistorythatwemustpreserveandinnovateforfuture40(generation),allwhilecontinuingtohonorthetradi