2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练专题02 阅读理解推理判断题（解析版）

专题02阅读理解推理判断题目录题型综述 2解题攻略 3题型01细节推断题 3题型02因果推断题 5题型03态度及观点判断题 6题型04猜测及想象推理题 7题型05写作意图推理题 8高考练场题型简介推理判断题是高考英语阅读理解中的重要题型，着重考查考生在理解文章字面意思的基础上，对文章深层含义的推理和判断能力。它要求考生依据文章提供的信息，通过逻辑推理、归纳总结、分析判断等思维过程，得出文章隐含的意义、作者的意图、观点态度等内容。这种题型难度相对较高，因为答案不能直接从原文中获取，需要考生具备较强的综合理解能力。文章题材广泛，无论是记叙文、说明文还是议论文都可能涉及推理判断题。考生需要在理解文章主题、结构、细节等多方面内容的基础上进行推断。命题类型推断隐含意义：这类题目要求考生从文章的字里行间推断出没有明确表述的深层含义。例如，通过对人物的语言、行为和所处环境的描写，推断出人物的性格特征或潜在情感；或者根据事件的发展，推测事件可能带来的潜在影响。通常提问方式有“Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabout...?”“Thepassageimpliesthat...”推断作者意图：主要是判断作者写这篇文章的目的，是为了提供信息（inform）、进行娱乐（entertain）、表达观点（expressopinions）、发出呼吁（appeal）还是其他意图。例如，在一篇关于环保问题的文章中，作者可能是在呼吁人们关注环境，减少污染。提问方式如“What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?”“Theauthor'sintentionisto...”推断观点态度：要求考生领会作者或文中人物对某一事物的看法或态度，这种态度可能是积极的（positive）、消极的（negative）、中立的（neutral）、怀疑的（skeptical）等。例如，通过分析作者在描述某个新科技产品时所使用的词汇，如“remarkable”“ground-breaking”可能表示作者持积极态度；而“problematic”“controversial”可能暗示消极或质疑的态度。提问方式有“What'stheauthor'sattitudetowards...?”“Thetoneofthepassagecanbedescribedas...”预测文章后续内容或事件发展趋势：根据文章已有的内容和情节发展，猜测接下来可能发生的事情或者文章下一部分可能讨论的主题。比如，在一个故事的情节发展到主人公面临一个艰难的抉择时，题目可能会问“What'slikelytohappennextaccordingtothepassage?”解题思路立足原文内容：推理判断必须以文章内容为依据，不能脱离原文进行主观臆断。仔细阅读文章，理解文章的主题、结构和细节信息，找出与题目相关的关键部分。寻找线索和暗示：关注文章中的关键词、连接词、修辞手法等，这些可能是推理的重要线索。例如，“however”“therefore”等连接词可以帮助我们理解作者的思路和观点变化；比喻、象征等修辞手法可能暗示作者的情感倾向。分析逻辑关系：考虑文章中的因果、对比、类比等逻辑关系。如果文章提到某种现象是由某个原因引起的，那么在推理时可以依据这个因果关系进行推断；如果是对比不同事物的特点，就可以从对比中得出对这些事物的评价。排除干扰选项：对于不符合原文逻辑和信息的选项要果断排除。有些选项可能本身内容正确，但与题目要求的推理判断无关；有些选项可能是过度推断，超出了原文所提供的范围。命题方式【常见考法】推理题经常使用的提问方式有：Itcanbeinferred/concludedthat_________.Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationwouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?Thepassageimplies,butdoesn’tdirectlystatethat_________.Thewritersuggeststhat_________.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward_________?Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat_________.Theauthorusestheexamplesof...toshowthat_________.除此之外，还要注意几个误区：①原文信息的简单重复，并不是推断出来的结论。②文中无关紧要或片面推出的结论。③与文章内容不符的推论或相反的推论。④不合常理或不合逻辑的推论。⑤虽然符合考生的常识，但文中并没有支撑的依据。题型01细节推断题要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出结论)和assume(假定，设想)。(安徽省江淮十校2025届高三第二次联考)Itishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.Leaveyourshomeandyoumayfindyourselflost,moneylessandseveredfromsocialcontact.NineintenAmericanadultsownone,accordingtoPewResearchCentre.Theyspend3hoursand45minutesonthemaday,onaverage,estimatesGWI,afirmofanalysts.Newversionssoupedupwithartificialintelligencemaybeevenhardertoputdown.Yetamarketisalsoemergingforphonesthataredeliberatelystupid.Thesedumbphones—confusinglycalled“featurephones”—accountforjust2%ofphonesalesinAmerica.Butdemandisgrowing.In2016HMD,aFinnishfirm,boughttherightstorelaunchthedevicesofNokia,whosebasicphonesoncedominatedthemarket.Itsaysitisnowselling“tensofthousands”offlip-phonesamonthinAmerica.InMayitre-releasedtheNokia3210,amainstayofmanymillennials’teenageyears,inEurope.ItevenhasSnake,aclassicmobilegame28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.People’sincreasingrelianceonsmartphones.B.Inconvenienceofnotkeepingphonesathand.C.People’spreferencefornewversions.D.Agrowingnumberofsmartphoneaddicts.【答案】28.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了功能手机正在卷土重来这一现象。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.Leaveyourshomeandyoumayfindyourselflost,moneylessandseveredfromsocialcontact.(现在很难想象没有智能手机的生活。离开家，你可能会发现自己迷路了，身无分文，与社会断绝了联系)”可知，作者在文章开头描述了人们越来越依赖智能手机这一现象，故选A。题型02因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因。考生要正确把握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。它的首要呈现方法如下:1.阶段(含首段)榜首句假如表达一种因果联系，一般为考点。2.文章中细节性的因果联系一般由一些表明因果联系的词汇手法表达。(1)表明因果联系的名词：basis(依据),result,consequence,reason;(2)表明因果联系的动词：resultin(结果),resultfrom(因为，由……),followfrom(……结果),base…on…(以……为根底),bedueto(因为);(3)表明因果联系的连词或介词：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,thus,why,with;(4)表明因果联系的副词：asaresult,consequently等。(山东师范大学附属中学2024~2025学年高三12月月考英语试题)Chinesescientistsdiscoveredararelunarcrystalfoundonthenearsideofthemoon,givingscientistshopeofprovidinglimitlesspowerforEarth.Thelunarcrystalcontains,akeyingredientforthenuclearfusion(核聚变)process,aformofpowergenerationthatusesthesameforcesthatfueltheSunandotherstarsinthegalaxy.Oneoftheprimaryingredientsfoundinthiscrystalishelium-3,whichmayprovideastablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.TheelementisincrediblyrareonEarth,butitseemstobefairlyprevalentonthemoon.China’snextmoonmissionisexpectedtobeChang’e6in2024,whichwillattempttocollectthefirstsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,whichneverfacestheEarth8.Whyisthenewdiscoveryimportant?A.Itcontainsavitalelement.B.Itprocessesnuclearwaste.C.Itcastslightonthegalaxy.D.Ittotallysolvesenergycrisis.【答案】8.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国科学家在月球近侧发现了一种罕见的月球晶体，这给科学家们带来了为地球提供无限能源的希望。月球晶体含有核聚变过程的关键成分，这是一种发电方式，使用与太阳和银河系中其他恒星相同的能量。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Oneoftheprimaryingredientsfoundinthiscrystalishelium-3,whichmayprovideastablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.(在这种晶体中发现的主要成分之一是氦-3，它可能为核聚变反应堆提供稳定的燃料来源。)”可推知，这一发现意义重大，因为它含有氦-3，这是核聚变的关键成分，可以提供稳定的燃料来源。故选A项。题型03态度及观点判断题高考阅读测试中有些是考查考生对作者的主导思想，被描写人物语气，言谈话语中流露的情绪，性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度，观点等方面的理解题。(2024-2025学年河南省九师联盟高三11月质量检测英语试题)Thinkofatypicalcollegephysicscourse:notetaking,homeworkstrugglesandstudyingfordifficultexams.Nowimagineaccesstoatutor(导师)whoanswersquestionsatanyhour,nevertiresandneverjudges.Mightyoulearnmore?TheAI-supportedtutorissurprisinglymoreeffective.That’stheunexpectedconclusionfromaHarvardstudyexamininglearningoutcomesforstudentsinalargephysicscourse“WewentintothestudycuriousaboutwhetherourAItutorcouldbeaseffectiveasin-personinstructors,”Kestinsaid.“Icertainlydidn’texpectstudentstofindtheAI-poweredlessonmoreengaging.Butthat’sexactlywhathappened:NotonlydidtheAItutorseemtohelpstudentslearnmorematerials,thestudentsalsoself-reportedmoreengagementwhenworkingwithAI.”9.WhatdidKestinmostprobablythinkoftheirfindings?A.Valueless. B.Doubtful. C.Confusing. D.Surprising.【答案】9.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍哈佛大学的一项研究，探讨了人工智能导师在物理课程教学中的效果和优势，同时也指出了潜在的注意事项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’stheunexpectedconclusionfromaHarvardstudyexamininglearningoutcomesforstudentsinalargephysicscourse.(这是哈佛大学一项研究得出的意外结论，该研究考察了一门大型物理课程中学生的学习成果。)”以及第四段““Icertainlydidn’texpectstudentstofindtheAI-poweredlessonmoreengaging.Butthat’sexactlywhathappened:NotonlydidtheAItutorseemtohelpstudentslearnmorematerials,thestudentsalsoself-reportedmoreengagementwhenworkingwithAI.”(“我当然没想到学生会觉得人工智能授课更吸引人。但事实正是如此：AI导师不仅似乎帮助学生学习了更多材料，学生在与AI互动时也自我报告了更高的参与度。”)”可知，Kestin对他们的发现表示了惊讶，认为AI导师的效果超出了他的预期。故选D。题型04猜测想象推理题有些内容文章中没有明确说明，要求考生根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理和想象，一般难度较大。做这类题目应把握作者的写作思路和文章的篇章结构等，从而作出比较科学的预测。这类题目常见的设问形式有：What

do

you

think

will

happen

when/if________?At

the

end

of

this

passage,

the

writer

might

continue

to

write________.The

paragraph

following

the

passage

will

most

probably

be

about

________.Which

of

the

following

statements

is

most

likely

to

be

talked

about

in

the

following

paragraph?(2024-2025学年高三上学期湖北省市级示范高中智学联盟12月月考英语试题)TwoyearsafterChatGPTtooktheworldbystorm,generativeartificialintelligenceseemstohavehitabottleneck.ThecostsofbuildingandusinglargerAImodelsarerisingsharply,andbreakthroughsseemtobebecomingincreasinglydifficult.Currently,thedevelopmentofAIhasenteredadifficultperiod.Researchersandentrepreneursarecompetingtofindwaystochangethecurrentsituation.TheircreativitywillnotonlytransformAIbutalsodeterminewhichcompanieswillsucceed,whetherinvestorscanmakeprofits,andwhichcountrywillbebestabletoseizethebonusbroughtbythistechnology.However,thereisnoneedtopanic.Manytechnologieshavehitbottlenecksbeforebuteventuallycontinuedtothrivethankstohumancreativity.Theoilpriceshocksinthe1970sencouragedenergyefficiencyandalternativemethods,includingnuclearpowergeneration,developedwellinsomecountries.Thirtyyearslater,fracturingtechnologymadetheextractionofoilandnaturalgasmoreeconomicallysustainable.29.Howisparagraph5mainlydeveloped?A.Byillustratingresults. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Bylistingfigures.【答案】29.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当前人工智能的发展进入艰难时期，一场推动人工智能超越当下极限的竞赛正在进行。一方面大语言模型训练和使用成本剧增，这使得投资者面临风险；另一方面，公司和开发者正在积极探索突破方法，这些努力将改变行业运行模式。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Manytechnologieshavehitbottlenecksbeforebuteventuallycontinuedtothrivethankstohumancreativity.Theoilpriceshocksinthe1970sencouragedenergyefficiencyandalternativemethods,includingnuclearpowergeneration,developedwellinsomecountries.Thirtyyearslater,fracturingtechnologymadetheextractionofoilandnaturalgasmoreeconomicallysustainable.(许多技术以前都遇到过瓶颈，但最终由于人类的创造力而继续蓬勃发展。20世纪70年代的油价冲击鼓励了能源效率和替代方法，包括核能发电，在一些国家发展良好。三十年后，压裂技术使石油和天然气的开采在经济上更具可持续性)”可知，本段介绍许多技术曾经遭遇瓶颈，其后用20世纪70年代的油价冲击促进了能源效率的提高以及30年后水力压裂技术使得石油、天然气的开采更经济可行为例来说明人类创造性的伟大之处，即通过给出具体事例来支撑观点。故选B。题型05写作意图推测题此题型要求考生根据文章的论述，在复杂的语境条件下把握作者的思路，推测作者隐藏的思想及真正的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实和形象，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。此类题属于得分率较低的高难度题。写作意图推测题的常见设问方式有：For

what

purpose

did

the

author

write

the

passage?The

writer

writes

this

passage

in

order

to_________.The

purpose

of

the

text

is

to_________.What

is

the

purpose

of

the

last

part

of

the

text?The

writer

uses…in

the

first

paragraph

to________.The

writer

uses

the

example

of….to

_________.(安徽省江淮十校2025届高三第二次联考)Itishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.Leaveyourshomeandyoumayfindyourselflost,moneylessandseveredfromsocialcontact.NineintenAmericanadultsownone,accordingtoPewResearchCentre.Theyspend3hoursand45minutesonthemaday,onaverage,estimatesGWI,afirmofanalysts.Newversionssoupedupwithartificialintelligencemaybeevenhardertoputdown.Yetamarketisalsoemergingforphonesthataredeliberatelystupid.Thesedumbphones—confusinglycalled“featurephones”—accountforjust2%ofphonesalesinAmerica.Butdemandisgrowing.In2016HMD,aFinnishfirm,boughttherightstorelaunchthedevicesofNokia,whosebasicphonesoncedominatedthemarket.Itsaysitisnowselling“tensofthousands”offlip-phonesamonthinAmerica.InMayitre-releasedtheNokia3210,amainstayofmanymillennials’teenageyears,inEurope.ItevenhasSnake,aclassicmobilegame29.Paragraph2iswrittento.A.defineanddescribethefunctionsofdumbphones.B.outlinethehistoryandevolutionofNokiaphones.C.showthepopularityandsalesofdumbphonesinEurope.D.illustratethestateofthepresentdumbphonemarket.【答案】29.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了功能手机正在卷土重来这一现象。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thesedumbphones—confusinglycalled“featurephones”—accountforjust2%ofphonesalesinAmerica.Butdemandisgrowing.In2016HMD,aFinnishfirm,boughttherightstorelaunchthedevicesofNokia,whosebasicphonesoncedominatedthemarket.Itsaysitisnowselling“tensofthousands”offlip-phonesamonthinAmerica.(这些被令人困惑地称为“功能手机”的“傻瓜手机”，在美国的手机销量中仅占2%。但需求正在增长。2016年，芬兰公司HMD购买了诺基亚手机重新上市的权利，诺基亚的基础款手机曾一度占据市场主导地位。HMD表示，他们现在在美国每月能卖出“数万部”翻盖手机)”可知，写第二段的目的是阐述当前“傻瓜手机”市场的状况。故选D。题型01细节推断题(2024年新课标高考英语II卷B篇)Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.4.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.【答案】4.C【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit-knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官AliciaTrost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。题型02因果推断题(2024年新课标高考英语I卷B篇)“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing“holistic”medicine–combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.【答案】25.C27.A【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(WilliamFarber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。25.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.(法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。题型03人物态度及观点判断题(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷C篇)TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(乡村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(区域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(补给).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”11.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.【答案】11.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。【11题详解】推断判断题。根据最后一段的““Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对SaintLukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。题型04猜测想象推理题(2024年新高考II卷C篇)Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no.”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks–likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage–toonesthatrequirementalabstraction–suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies–say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.【答案】31.C【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。题型05写作意图推测题(2024年新课标高考英语II卷D篇)GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow-severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAltopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TorecommendabookonAI. B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI. D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.【答案】15.A【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence

comesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapractical

roadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).

(考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.(人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。A（24-25高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）PoemsforhighschoolersIfThepoemiswrittenbyRudyardKipling.Inthispoem,afathertalksofseveralvaluesandadviseshissontolivewithmoderationandconstraint(克制)tocontinuouslymaintaincalmandavoidoverreacting.Thepoemisfullofpositivityforpersonalgrowthindifficulttimes.Anyonestrugglingwithalackofdesireinlifecanstillbenefitfromit.TheLaughingHeartThepoemadvisesreaderstotakecontroloftheirownlifeandmakethemostoftheirtime.Atthebeginningofthepoem,CharlesBukowskitalksabouthowoneshouldn’tletotherstaketheir“light”outofthem.Bukowskisaysthatonceyoubegintoshowupforyourownlife,“amazing”thingswillbegintohappentoyou.TheLaughingHeart,whichfocusesonriskandmakingdecisionsinlife,isattractivetoyouthasitservesasanencouragementtothemtostandupforthemselvesindifficulttimes.FifthGradeAutobiographyThroughthepoem,RitaDovediscussesthegoodmemoriesofhermostsignificantlifeinfluencesasachild.Byusinglanguageandpictures,sherecallshowgreatandsignificantherfamilyisasshelooksataphotograph.BasedonDove’spoetry,anexcellentactivitywouldbetoaskchildrentoselectaphotothat’ssignificanttothemandwritetheirownFifthGradeAutobiography.TheRoseThatGrewFromConcreteThepoemisaboutachievingourlifegoalsdespitethechallengesweexperiencealongtheroad.Inthispoe