Unit4StageandScreenUsinglanguageGrammar现在分词作状语课件高中英语

Grammar:-ingasadverbial

现在分词作状语Unit4Stageandscreen现在分词作状语①HavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence—untilthePekingOperacametotown!②Datingbacktothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.③StartingwithanorchestraplayingtraditionalChineseinstruments,theoperabroughtacompletelynewsoundtomyWesternears.④Then,seeingthemaincharacterscomeonstage,Iwassurprised!⑤Usingsuchtechniques,theoperahadtransformedasmallstageintothewholeuniverse.⑥Feelingthestrongemotionsoflove,anger,fearandgriefintheperformance,IcouldeasilyrecognisethethemeofHamlet.

试分析以上动词-ing形式在句中所起的作用。何为非谓语？容儿喜欢唱歌。Lingronglikes

sing.

Lingronglikessinging.

Lingronglikestosing.动名词谓语动词2谓语动词1不定式todo非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它指的是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）这三种。谓语是句子中表示主语动作或状态的成分，是句子的核心部分之一，它说明主语做了什么、是什么或处于什么状态，一般由动词来充当。Task1

1.Thegirl_____________(dance)intheclassroomnow.

学会判断何时使用非谓语动词2.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnowandshelooksveryconfident.3.Thegirl_________（dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.4.Thegirlwho___________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.isdancingisdancingdancingisdancing语法梳理Task1谁是非谓语动词动作发出者？Conclusion:现在分词(doing)作状语,其动作发出者是主句的_________,呈_____(主/被)动关系。主语主5.Feeling

thestrongemotionsoflove,anger,fearandgriefintheperformance,IcouldeasilyrecognizethethemeofHamlet.1.Dating

backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.2.Starting

withanorchestraplayingtraditionalChineseinstruments,theoperabroughtacompletelynewsoundtomyWesternears.3.Using

suchtechniques,theoperahadtransformedasmallstageintothewholeuniverse.4.BeforeexperiencingTheRevengeofPrinceZidan,Iwasn'tsureifIwouldenjoyit.2.HavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence.1.Seeingthemaincharacterscomeonstage,Iwassurprised！分析句中两个动作发生的时间顺序。seeingwassurprisedTask21.-ing的基本形式（时态）同时或基本同时Havingseenandreadwasfullofconfidence前后发生Conclusion:Doing一般式：与句中的谓语动词______________________发生；Havingdone完成式:__________句中的谓语动词发生。同时或基本同时先于doing形式被称一般式。havingdone形式被称完成式2.Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory，theyleft.1.Beingrepaired,thecarisn’tavailablenow.分析句中非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系。beingrepairedisn’tavailableTask32.-ing的基本形式（语态）同时或基本同时，表被动Havingbeenshownleft前后发生，表被动Conclusion:beingdone一般被动式：与句中的谓语动词______________________发生；与句子主语为

关系。Havingdone完成式:__________主句中的谓语动词发生；与句子主语为被动关系。同时或基本同时先于beingdone形式被称一般被动式。havingbeendone形式被称完成被动式被动Nothavingreceivedthehelmetandboot,Itelephonedtheseller.Nothaving

dreams，hislifeisinamess.现在分词的否定式：notdoing，nothavingdone。nothavingisTask23.-ing的基本形式（否定）同时或基本同时Nothavingreceivedtelephoned前后发生Conclusion:notdoing一般否定式：与句中的谓语动词______________________发生；nothavingdone完成否定式:__________句中的谓语动词发生。同时或基本同时先于notdoing形式被称一般否定式。nothavingdone形式被称完成否定式动词-ing形式作状语时,在句中表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作,相当于对应的状语从句或并列句。一、现在分词作状语的形式比较项主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone①当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作(几乎)同时发生时,

用分词的一般式。Seeingthebeautifulsight,thechildrenfelthappy.看到美丽的景色,孩子们很高兴。seeing与felt同时发生②当现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时,用分词的完成式。

Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.(havingwritten发生在went之前)

写完信后,约翰去了邮局。二、现在分词作状语的基本功能1.作时间状语Puttingonhisclothes(=Afterheputonhisclothes),Billwentoutinahurry.穿上衣服后,比尔匆忙离开了。通常放在句首,相当于when、while、after等引导的时间状语从句。Arrivingattheparty(=Whenshearrivedattheparty),shefoundallthepeoplegone.到达聚会点时,她发现所有的人都走了。句型转换①WhenAliceturnedaround,shesawasmilingface.→

,Alicesawasmilingface.

②Afterwaitinginthequeueforhalfanhour,Joeyrealisedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.→

inthequeueforhalfanhour,Joeyrealisedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

TurningaroundHavingwaited2.作原因状语通常放在句首,相当于as、because、since、nowthat等引导的原因状语从句。Beingill(=Ashewasill),hecouldnotwalkanyfarther.因为生病,他再也无法行走了。Beinganxiousabouthischild’ssafety(=Becausehewasanxiousabouthischild’ssafety),hecouldn’tfallasleep.因为担心孩子的安全,他无法入睡。句型转换①Becausehedidn’tfinishhisjob,Jackwasaskedtogotothemanager’soffice.→

hisjob,Jackwasaskedtogotothemanager’soffice.

Havingnotfinished②Becausehedidn’tknowwhichconcerttogoto,hedecidedtoaskforTom’sadvice.→

whichconcerttogoto,hedecidedtoaskforTom’sadvice.

Notknowing3.作条件状语通常放在句首,相当于if、unless等引导的条件状语从句。Usinganewmethod(=Ifweuseanewmethod),wecanfinishourtaskaheadoftime.如果我们使用一种新方法,我们就能提前完成任务。Goingstraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthecanteen.(=Unlessyougostraightdowntheroad,youwon’tfindthecanteen.)沿着这条路一直走,你就会找到食堂。(1)完成句子①

(仔细看地图),youwillfindthecinemaeasily.

②

(再往汤里加上一点盐),wecangetagoodtaste.

LookingatthemapcarefullyAddingalittlemoresalttothesoup(2)句型转换③Ifyoutakeyourfather’sadvice,youcanfinishthetaskonschedule.→

yourfather’sadvice,youcanfinishthetaskonschedule.

Taking4.作让步状语通常放在句首,相当于although、though等引导的让步状语从句。Knowingallthis(=Althoughtheyknewallthis),theystillmademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。KnowingwhereIlive(=ThoughheknowswhereIlive),henevercomestoseeme.尽管知道我住在哪里,他也从来没有来看过我。句型转换①Thoughhisparentslackmoney,theymanagedtosendhimtouniversity.→

,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.

Lackingmoney②Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.→

,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.

Havingbeentoldmanytimes5.作结果状语通常位于句末且前面有逗号,相当于一个并列分句。HerparentsmovedtoBeijing,leavingthehousetoher(=andleftthehousetoher).她的父母搬去了北京,把房子留给了她。句子语法填空①Ibuiltallmyhopesonhispromises,only_______

(find)thathewasnotanhonestperson.②Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear,thus

(make)itoneofthebestsellersatthattime.

tofindmaking动词-ing形式作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果;而动词不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果,且常与only连用。6.作方式或伴随状语用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下,现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行,其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作,分词是伴随动作。方式状语或伴随状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,lookingthiswayandthat.他在街上走着,左顾右盼。Theyallstoodthere,watchingcloselyasthemagiciandidthetricks.他们都站在那里,密切注视着魔术师的表演。句型转换①MaLiangusedastick,anddrewahorseonthegroundintenminutes.

→

astick,MaLiangdrewahorseonthegroundintenminutes.

Using②Mymotherputthefoodoutinthebackyardandenjoyedthestarsinthenightsky.→Mymotherputthefoodoutinthebackyard,

thestarsinthenightsky.

enjoying1.

(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)

考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语theGPNP之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语,句首首字母大写。故填Covering。Covering2.Heflew4,700kilometresfromXi’antoKashgaron20Sept.,

(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.(2022年全国甲卷,语法填空)

planning考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan应用非谓语动词形式,plan与主语He之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。3.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,

(provide)

youwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,and

(offer)adviceifyourequiresome.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读A)

考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是is,所以设空处应填非谓语动词形式;而provide与offer和句子主语staff之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。providingoffering4.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatly

(reduce)waterfowlhabitat(栖息地).(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读C)

考查非谓语动词。前面的动作导致后面顺其自然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填reducing。reducing5.Later,theylearnttoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,

(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020年浙江7月卷,语法填空)

考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是learnt,所以设空处应填非谓语动词形式;而make和句子主语they之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填making。makingⅠ.句子语法填空1.Thepolicearesparingnoefforttosearchforthemissingman,

(give)hisfamilyarayofhope.

2.Tomcame,

(dash)intotheroomwithsomefilmticketsinhishand.

givingdashing3.

(spend)allhismoney,theboyhadtogivehismotheracall.

4.Thecarcrashhappened,

(injure)morethan5people.

5.While

(cross)thestreet,youmustbeverycareful.

Havingspentinjuringcrossing6.Winter

(come),itgetscolderandcolder.