新理念大学英语网络教学系统答案综合教程2unit2

新理念大学英语网络教学系统答案综合教程2unit2一、单元主题及核心内容本单元围绕"文化冲突与融合"这一主题展开。通过一系列的阅读、听力、口语和写作练习，引导学生了解不同文化背景下人们的思维方式、价值观和行为习惯的差异，以及在跨文化交流中如何应对文化冲突，促进文化融合。核心内容包括探讨不同国家和地区在社交礼仪、商务文化、家庭观念等方面的特点，帮助学生提升跨文化交际能力，增强对多元文化的理解和包容。

二、各部分练习答案

（一）PrereadingActivities1.Task1:CultureandValuesAnswers:1.Differentcultureshavedifferentvalues.Forexample,insomecultures,individualismishighlyemphasized,whileinothers,collectivismprevails.2.Valuescaninfluencepeople'sbehavior,decisionmaking,andperceptionoftheworld.3.Somevaluesthatmayvaryacrossculturesincludeattitudestowardstime,personalspace,family,andworkethic.2.Task2:UnderstandingCulturalDifferencesAnswers:1.Culturaldifferencescanleadtomisunderstandingsinmunication.Forinstance,agesturethatisacceptableinoneculturemayhaveapletelydifferentmeaninginanother.2.Itisimportanttobeawareofculturaldifferencestoavoidconflictsandbuildbetterrelationshipsincrossculturalinteractions.3.Wecanlearnaboutculturaldifferencesthroughvariousmeanssuchasreadingbooks,traveling,andinteractingwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.

（二）ReadingComprehensionPassageA:CulturalClashintheGlobalWorkplace1.ComprehensionoftheTextAnswers:1.ThemainideaofthepassageisabouttheculturalclashthatoccursintheglobalworkplaceduetodifferencesinworkvaluesbetweentheWestandAsia.2.Westernworkvaluesemphasizeindividualachievement,petition,andshorttermresults.Asianworkvaluesfocusmoreongroupharmony,cooperation,andlongtermgoals.3.TheexampleoftheAmericanmanagerandtheAsianemployeesshowsthatthedifferentworkvaluescanleadtomisunderstandingsandinefficienciesintheworkplace.TheAmericanmanager'semphasisonindividualperformancewasnotwellreceivedbytheAsianemployeeswhopreferredamoregrouporientedapproach.4.Tobridgetheculturalgapintheworkplace,paniescanprovidecrossculturaltrainingforemployees,encourageopenmunication,andrespecttheworkvaluesofdifferentcultures.2.VocabularyinContextAnswers:1."paradigm"meansatypicalexampleorpatternofsomething.Inthecontext,itreferstotheWesternworkvaluepattern.2."conducive"meansmakingacertainsituationorresultlikelyorpossible.Here,itdescribesanenvironmentthatisfavorableforachievinggroupharmony.3."explicit"meansstatedclearlyandindetail.Theauthorusesittodescribethecleardifferencesinworkvalues.4."ambiguous"meanshavingmorethanonepossiblemeaningandthereforeunclear.Itisusedtocontrastwiththeexplicitdifferencesinworkvalues.3.SentenceUnderstandingAnswers:1.ThissentencemeansthatWesternpanies,whenexpandingglobally,oftenimposetheirownworkvaluesontheiroverseassubsidiaries,whichmaynotbesuitableforthelocalculturalcontext.2.ItimpliesthatAsianemployeesmayfeelthattheireffortsandcontributionsarenotrecognizediftheyareevaluatedsolelybasedonindividualperformanceasintheWesternworkparadigm.3.ThisshowsthataworkenvironmentthatemphasizesindividualpetitionmaynotbebeneficialforachievingtheoverallgoalsofthegroupinanAsianculturalsetting.

PassageB:CulturalAdjustmentinStudyingAbroad1.ComprehensionoftheTextAnswers:1.Thepassagefocusesontheculturaladjustmentproblemsthatinternationalstudentsfacewhenstudyingabroad,especiallyintermsofdifferencesinacademicculture,socialnorms,andlanguage.2.Internationalstudentsmayencounterdifficultiessuchasdifferentteachingstyles,expectationsfromprofessors,andwaysofparticipatinginclassdiscussions.3.Toadjusttothenewculture,studentscanactivelyseekoutculturalexchangeopportunities,makelocalfriends,andbeopenmindedaboutdifferentwaysofdoingthings.4.Theauthorsuggeststhatuniversitiesshouldprovidemoresupportservicesforinternationalstudents,includingculturalorientationprogramsandacademicadvising.2.VocabularyinContextAnswers:1."hurdle"meansaproblemordifficultythatmustbeovee.Inthiscontext,itreferstothechallengesinternationalstudentsfaceinadjustingtoanewculture.2."sophisticated"meanshavingagoodunderstandingofthewaypeoplebehaveandinteractindifferentsituations.Itisusedtodescribetheplexnatureofacademiccultureinanewcountry.3."proficient"meansskilledandpetent.Here,itreferstobeinggoodatthelanguageofthehostcountry.4."orientation"meansanintroductionortrainingsessiontohelppeoplegetusedtoanewsituationorenvironment.Inthepassage,itreferstoculturalorientationprogramsforinternationalstudents.3.SentenceUnderstandingAnswers:1.Thissentencemeansthatinternationalstudentsmaynotbefullypreparedforthedifferencesinacademicculturewhentheyfirstarriveinanewcountry,whichcancausethemtofeelconfusedandlost.2.Itindicatesthatstudentsneedtoadapttheirstudymethodsaccordingtothenewacademicrequirementsinordertosucceedintheirstudiesabroad.3.Thisshowsthatmakinglocalfriendscanbeaneffectivewayforinternationalstudentstobetterunderstandthelocalcultureandoveethesenseofisolation.

（三）Vocabulary1.WordBuildingAnswers:1.individualism(noun):thebeliefintheimportanceoftheindividualandhisorherrightsandfreedoms.individual(adjective):single;separate;relatingtooneperson.2.collectivism(noun):theprincipleorpracticeofgivingagrouppriorityovereachindividualinit.collective(adjective):relatingtoagroupofpeople;shared.3.petition(noun):theactivityorconditionofpeting.pete(verb):eration(noun):erate(verb):workjointlytowardsthesameend.2.WordUsageAnswers:1.Thepanyencouragesemployeestoworktogetherincooperationtoachievethemongoal.2.Thereisfiercepetitionamongthetopnotchuniversitiesforthebeststudents.3.Insomecultures,individualismishighlyregarded,andpeopleareencouragedtopursuetheirowndreams.4.Thecollectivistcultureemphasizestheimportanceofthegroupovertheindividual.3.CollocationsAnswers:1.beconduciveto:Agoodstudyenvironmentisconducivetobetteracademicperformance.2.imposeon:Parentsshouldnotalwaysimposetheirownideasontheirchildren.3.adjustto:Ittakestimeforpeopletoadjusttoanewenvironment.4.seekout:Shealwaysseeksoutopportunitiestolearnnewthings.

（四）ListeningComprehensionTask1:CulturalDifferencesinCommunicationStyles1.Answers:1.Insomecultures,directmunicationispreferred,whileinothers,indirectmunicationismoremon.2.Americanstendtobemoredirectinmunication,statingtheiropinionsclearly.Asiansmaybemoreindirect,usinghintsandnonverbalcues.3.Indirectmunicationcansometimesleadtomisunderstandingsifthelistenerdoesnotunderstandthehiddenmeaning.Task2:CulturalNormsinBusinessMeetings1.Answers:1.Insomecultures,itismontostartabusinessmeetingontime,whileinothers,acertainamountofflexibilityisallowed.2.Differentculturesmayhavedifferentnormsregardingbodylanguage,suchaseyecontactandhandgestures,inbusinessmeetings.3.Understandingandrespectingtheseculturalnormscanhelpavoidawkwardsituationsinbusinessmeetings.

（五）Speaking1.PairWork:DiscussingCulturalDifferencesPossibleAnswers:A:Ithinkonebigculturaldifferenceisintheconceptoftime.Inmycountry,peopleareusuallyverypunctualforappointments.Whataboutinyours?B:Inmyculture,thereisabitmoreflexibility.Sometimes,it'sconsiderednormaltobealittlelateaslongasit'snottooexcessive.A:That'sinteresting.Also,intermsofpersonalspace,Ifeelwekeepacertaindistancefromothersinpublic.Howaboutyourculture?B:Inmyculture,peoplemaystandorsitclosertoeachotherinsomesituations,especiallyamongfriendsandfamily.2.GroupDiscussion:AdaptingtoaNewCultureAnswersmayvarydependingongroupdiscussions,butcouldinclude:Whenadaptingtoanewculture,it'simportanttolearnaboutthelocalcustomsandtraditions.Forexample,wecanreadbooksortalktolocalpeople.Weshouldbeopenmindedandnotjudgeothersbasedonourownculturalstandards.Tryingnewlocalfoodsandparticipatinginlocalfestivalscanalsohelpusbetter融入thenewculture.

（六）WritingTask1:WritingaParagraphaboutCulturalDifferencesSampleParagraph:Culturaldifferencesareevidentinvariousaspectsoflife.Onesignificantdifferenceliesinmunicationstyles.InWesterncultures,peopletendtobemoredirectinexpressingtheiropinions.Theysayexactlywhattheymeanwithoutmuchbeatingaroundthebush.Forinstance,inabusinessmeeting,anAmericanmightclearlystatetheirobjectionstoaproposal.Onthecontrary,inmanyAsiancultures,municationisoftenmoreindirect.Peoplemayusehints,gestures,ornonverbalcuestoconveytheirthoughts.Thiscansometimesleadtomisunderstandingsiftheotherpartyisnotfamiliarwiththeseindirectmethods.Understandingthesedifferencesiscrucialforeffectivecrossculturalmunication.

Task2:WritinganEssayonCulturalAdaptationSampleEssayOutline:

Title:CulturalAdaptation:AJourneyofGrowth

IntroductionBrieflyintroducethephenomenonofculturaladaptation,especiallyforthosestudyingorworkinginaforeigncountry.Statetheimportanceofculturaladaptationintoday'sglobalizedworld.

BodyChallengesinCulturalAdaptationDiscussdifficultiessuchaslanguagebarrie