八年级英语下册阅读理解单元检测题

【英语】八年级英语下册阅读理解单元检测题经典1

一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)

1.阅读理解

B

“Mum,mayPatticomeover?"askedMeg.

“Notuntilyoucleanyourroom/repliedMum.

Megsaidonthephoneunhappily,havetocleanmyroomfirst."

Attheotherend,Pattilaughed.ShesaidtoMeg,"That'sfunny.MymumjustsaidIcan'tgo

anywhereuntilIcleanmyroom”

Afterhangingup(挂I折电话)，thegirlswenttotheirownrooms.Eachgirllookedaroundat

hermess.Slowlytheystartedcleaningtheirrooms.

Megsaidtoherself,“Maybewecouldtalkonthephonewhilewework.Itwouldbehardto

workandtalkatthesametime,though."

Pattithought,“UntilIcleanmyroom,Ican'tleave.Megmayleave,butshecan'thaveanyone

over/ThenPattiaskedhermum,“Mum,mayMegcome?""Sure,“saidPatti'smum."Remember;

youmusthaveyourroomcleanedbeforeleavingthehouse.”

PattirantothephoneandcalledMeg."I'vegotanidea!”shetoldMeg.

Afewminuteslater,MegwentovertoPatti'shouse.Hermumallowedhertogobecauseshe

promisedtocleanherroomwhenshereturned.

Whiledancing,singingandtalking,thegirlsworked.Onehourlater,theroombecameclean.It

wasfun!Theroomlookedgreat.Patti'smumwashappy.ShecalledMeg'smumandtoldher

everything.Meg'smumsaidPatticouldcometohelpMeg.

ThegirlsquicklywenttoMeg'shouse.Theyworkedandplayeduntiltheroomwasclean.The

girlslearnedthatworkingtogethercouldmakecleaningfunandeasy!

(1)Megfeltwhenhermumtoldherthatshemustcleanherroomfirst.

A.worriedB.unhappyC.nervousD.angry

(2)Eachgirlaftertalkingonthephoneforthefirsttime.

A.workedhardB.dancedtomusicC.wenttoherroomD.talkedwithhermum

(3)Pattihadanideaanditwasto.

A.inviteMegtocomeoverB.askhermumtohelpher

C.cleanherroomafterplayingwithMegD.talktoMegonthephonewhilecleaning

(4)Meg'smumallowedhertoleavebecauseMeg.

A.finishedcleaningherroomB.promisedtohelpcleanPatti'sroom

C.promisedtocleanherroomwhenshereturnedD.wouldfinishherhomeworkonPatti's

computer

(5)Patti'sroombecamecleanin.

A.halfanhourB.anhourC.oneandahalfhoursD.twohours

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)C

(5)B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：Meg和Patti的房间都一团糟，她们想要一起玩，得先打扫房

间，最后两个人合作打扫房间的故事。

(1)细节理解题。根据文章原句Megsaidonthephoneunhappily,z/lhavetocleanmyroom

first."可知当母亲让她打扫她的房间时，Megan不高兴，故选B.

(2)细节理解题。根据文章原句Afterhangingup(挂断电话)，thegirlswenttotheirown

rooms.可知挂断电话后，女孩们各自进了自己的房间，故选C。

(3)细节理解题。根据文章原句PattirantothephoneandcalledMeg."I'vegotanidea!wshe

toldMeg.Afewminuteslater,MegwentovertoPatti'shouse.可知Patti的主意是让Meg过

来，故选A。

(4)细节理解题。根据文章原句Hermumallowedhertogobecauseshepromisedtoclean

herroomwhenshereturned,可知Meg的母亲允许她离开是因为她答应母亲回来时打兜好房

间了，故选C。

(5)细节理解题。根据文章原句Onehourlater,theroombecameclean.一个小时后，房间

干净了，故选

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文中找到依据，

选出正确答案。

2.阅读理解

Wednesd削；23May

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havinglotsoffunMondayand

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1be皈卜wasso

borinq

leastInearlyfella$te

everythingwent■PbutatAUSTHALIA

not"kelasttimie.

Whenwelanded

wentstraightto

cousinGemmaisourCiamp.My

stayingnexttousKimAllen

'amexcitedbe

*睢/如匕常we4Lansdi

rrowpare^Ol^to^the°wneParade

wantstogot。thea-‘caredandMILLHILLQLD

aquanuminstead4332

Tom

PS.We

areleaving出Rest

Harbour

Friday.

(1)Whichcountrydoesthispostcardcomefrom?

A.China.B.Canada.C.England.D.Australia.

(2)HowdidTomgotoHolidayCove?

A.Byplane.B.Eytrain.C.Byship.D.Bycar.

(3)WhydoesPeterwanttogototheaquarium(水族馆)insteadofthecrocodilefarm?

A.Becausehehasvisiteditbefore.

B.Becauseheisafraidofcrocodiles.

C.Becauseheisinterestedindolphins.

D.Becausehehasnoticketstothecrocodilefarm.

【答案】(1)D

(2)A

(3)B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：Tom假期去了澳大利亚，并且玩的开心，同时将要去水族

馆。

(1)细节题。根据明信片右边的邮票上提到的Australia,可知明信片来自澳大利.亚，故选

D.,

(2)细节题。根据文章提到的whenwelanded,可知他们坐飞机去的,故选A.

(3)细节题。根据文章提到的Peterisscared,可知他害怕，所以不想去鳄鱼馆，故选

【点评】考资细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问逸，带着问题到文章找出答

案，即可°

3.阅读理解

SallyRidewasborninCaliforniain1951.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantotravelintospace.

Shelovedtoplaytennisandwantedtobeatennisplayerwhenshewasyoung.Butafterthree

months'professional(专Jk的)training,shechangedhermind.ShewenttoStanfordUniversity

andstartedtostudyscience.Shestudiedstarsandplanets.Sheddresearchesattheuniversity

andgotherPhDinastrophysics(天体物理学博士学位)afterseveralyears'hardwork.

In1977,shetookatesttobecomeanastronaut.Andthenshewaspickedupfromover8,000

people.Inordertorealizeherdreamofgoingintospace,shehadtogetdifferentkindsofspecial

anddifficulttraining.Shelearnedhowtoflyaplane,howtoJumpoutofaplaneaswellashow

tooperate(操作)specialmachines.

SallyandfourotherastronautsflewaspaceshipcalledChallengeronJun.18,1983.She

becamethefirstAmericanwonantotravelintospace.Later;shetaughtattheUniversityof

California.Thenshewrotesevenbooksonspaceforchildren,encouragingchildrentostudy

science.Unfortunately,shediedin2012.

(1)WhendidSallyRidegointospace?

A.In1951.B.In1977.C.In1983.D.In2012.

(2)WhichisNOTtrueaboutSallyRide?

A.Shelearnedhowtoflyaplane.

B.Shelearnedhowtoproducemachines.

C.Shelearnedhowtojumpoutofaplane.

D.Shelearnedhowtousespecialmachines.

(3)SallyRidetaughtattheUniversityofCalifornia_.

Thefatherandthesoncontiruedtheirway.Thesunwaswellupinthesky,andtherewasn'ta

houseorevenatreewheretheycouldhavearest.Thomasfelttoothirsty(口1曷的)towalkon.

Atthemoment,hislatherdroppedacherryonthegroundandThomaspickeditupquicklyand

ateit.Afterawhile,hisfatherdroppedanothercherryandonceagain,hissonpickeditupand

putitinhismouth.

Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.When

Thomashadcaught'upallthecherries,hisfathersaidtohim,"Mydearson,ifyouhadbent(弯

腰)downinthebeginningtopickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn'thavebentsomanytimesfor

thecherries.Alwaysrememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,he

willfinditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."

(1)Whopickedupthecherriesontheground?

A.Thomas.B.Thefarmer.C.Boththefatherandtheson.D.Nobody.

(2)Whenthesonrefusedtopickupthehorseshoe,thefather___.

A.didnothingB.saidnothingC.feltworriedD.gotangry

(3)Thefatherdroppedthecherryonebyone,because.

A.hewantedtoteachhissonalesson

B.hewantedhissontodomoreexercise

C.hewantedhissontoeatthenall

D.hewantedtopunishhissonfornotpickingupthehorseshoeatfirst

(4)Fromthestory,wecanlearnthat.

A.cherriesaresodeliciousthatmostpeoplelikeeatingthem

B.ahorseshoeissoexpensivethatitcanbringussomemoney

C.wecan'tgetgreatthingsifweloselittlethings

D.wecan'tdosomethinggreatifwedon'tworryaboutsomethingittle

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)A

(4)D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了发生在父子之间的故事，并且告诉我们一个道

理：从小事做起才能够成就大事。

(1)细式理解题，根据Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesand

thesonpickedthemup.可知是农民的儿子托马斯捡起了地上的樱桃，故答案是A。

(2)细节理解题，根据"Hisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.可知，当托

马斯拒绝捡起马镣的时候，他爸爸什么也没有说，而是自己捡起来了，故答案是B。

(3)细节理解题,根据Mydearson,ifyouhadbent(弯腰)downinthebeginningto

pickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn'thavebentsomanytimesforthecherries.Always

rememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfindit

impossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."可知，爸爸这样做的目的是为了教训一下托马

斯，故答案是A。

(4)细节理解题,根据Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfindit

impossibletorhimtodothegreatthings."nJ知，如果过不关心小事，就难以成就大事，

故答案是Do

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题相对简单，一般可以

直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。

5.阅读理解

WhenDanielwokeupyesterdaymorning,hefoundhewasabitlateforschool,sohestarted

runningtocatchthebus.Momentslater,hesawadog,butnotitslead.Hetrippedoverthelead

andfelldown.Hejumpedupquickly,wentonrunningandgotorthebus.Afterawhileanold

coachbrokedowninthemiddleoftheroad,andthedrivercouldn'tmoveit.Itwaseighto'clock,

themiddleoftherushhour,soitsooncreatedaterribletrafficjam.Thebusdrivertriedtogo

roundthecoach.Unfortunatelyataxiwascomingintheoppositedirection.Thedrivertriedto

stopthetaxi,buthecouldn'tpreventtheaccident-thetaxicrashedintothefrontofthebus!

Luckilynobodywashurt.

WhenDanielfinallygottoschooloutofbreath,thesciencelessonhadbeenonforfive

minutes.Danielsaidsorrytotheteacherandsatathisdesk.Hereachedoutforhisschoolbag-

no*itwasnowheretobefound.

"Whereismyschoolbag?"Danielwaspuzzled.Suddenlyherealizedthathehadleftitonthe

bus.Badluck!

(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tripped"mean?

A.扔掉B.拣起C.绊倒D.跨越

(2)Whatistheorderoftheaccident?

①Ataxiwascomingintheoppositedirection.

@Thebusdriverwentroundthecoach.

(3)Anoldcoachbrokedown.

④Thetaxicrashedintothebus.

A.①玲④玲②玲③B.②-③玲①-④C.③9②-④3①D.③

今②玲①今④

(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AnUnluckyDayB.AHappyDayOutC.ATrafficAccidentD.AStrictTeacher

【答案】(1)C

(2)D

(3)A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：昨天丹尼尔起晚了，就跑着去学校了，在上学的路上遇到了

种种不顺，最后到达学校的时候已经开始上课15分钟了。

(1)词义猜测，根据felldown,可知丹尼尔摔倒了可知是绊倒的，故答案是C。

(2)文章结构题，根据故事内容可知，首先是一辆就客车抛锚了，然后司机想绕过这辆

旧客车，接车看到对面来了一辆出租车，最后出租车撞到了客车上。故答案是D。

(3)标题判断题，根据内容可知，文章讲述了丹尼尔在上学路上的种种不顺，到了学校

发现书包忘在了公交车上。可以说是不幸的一天。故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，木文主要涉及到了词义猜测题，文章结构题和标题判断题，词义

猜恻题需要结合上卜文按照一定的推理方式确定单词的意思，文章结构题需要在理解文章

的基础上梳理清楚文章结构，找到正确答案，标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，

提炼中心，凝练句式，确定答案。

6.阅读理解

MostAmericanchildreneatpotatoes.Butmanychildrendon'tknowwhatofthepotatoisthe

bestfood.Takeaknifeandcutfromthemiddleofthepotatoapieceasthinaspaper.Iholdthe

piecebetweenyoureyesandlight.Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin(皮),anoutsiderim

(边缘)andaninsidepart.Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthe

mostvaluablepartofall.Butthisisoftenthrownawaywiththeskin.Eventheskinitselfisbetter

forfoodthantheinside.Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavethe

outside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderim

firstandleavetheinsidepart.

(1)Howmanypartsdoesthepotatohave?

A.Ithasonlyonepart,outsiderim.

B.Ithastwoparts,skinandoutsiderim.

C.Ithasthreeparts,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.

D.Ithasfourparts,middle,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.

(2)Whatisthebestpartofapotato?

A.Outsiderim.B.Insidepart.C.Middle.D.Skin.

(3)Infacttheskinis_.

A.nogoodatall

B.betterthantheinsidepart

C.betterthantheoutsiderim

D.asgoodastheoutsiderim

(4)Whatdoesthispassagetellaboutpotatoes?

A.Howtocookthem

B.Howtoplantthem

C.Whatismadeupofapotato

D.Howtoeatthem

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这是一篇科普性短文，我们只知道土豆有皮和内肉组成，真

的不知皮和内肉之间有一层边缘，而且边缘部分的营养价值更高。我们在吃土豆时，即使

舍其肉也不可去其边缘，切记。

(1)细节理解题。Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin(皮)，anoutsiderim(边缘)

andaninsidepart.可知洋葱包括三部分。故选Co

(2)细节理解题。根据Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthe

mostvaluablepartofall,可知外面边缘是最好的一部分。故选A。

（3）细节埋解题。根据Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.甚至皮本身比里

面更好。故选

（4）主旨大意题。Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavethe

outside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderim

firstandleavetheinsidepart.可知这篇文章讲的是土豆的吃法。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是时某个细节用同义结构转

换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非

（选出正确的•项或选出错误的•项）或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，•个

常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与

选项进行比较从而确定答案。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的主题句或文章的中心思想确

定。

7.阅读理解

"What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone,"Haveyoueversaidthistosomeone?Ifso,you

mayhaveendedupbecomingfriendswiththisperson.

Itseemedthatsimilarityoftenhelpsformfriendships.TheGreekphilosopher（哲学家）

Aristotleoncesaid,"Somedefine（卜,定义）friendshipasamat:erofsimilarity.Theysaythat

welovethosewhoarelikeourselves."

Now,thereissomesciencebehindthisidea.ScientistsfromUniversityofCaliforniasaidfriends

havesimilarbrains,ScientificAmericanreported.

Thescientistsinvited42uriversitystudentstotakepartinanexperiment.Eachstudent

watchedthesamesetofvideos,whichincludedacomedy,adiscussionandasoccermatch.

Meanwhile,scientistsstudiedtheirbrainsandrecordedtheirbrainactivity.

Accordingtotheirstudy,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoclipsreactedinsimilarways.

SimilarpartsoftheirbrainslitU3whilewatchingthevideos,especiallypartsthatwereconnected

withmotivation（动力），learningandmemory.

However,peoplewhoweren'tfriendshaddifferentreactionstothesameclips.

"Havingclosefriendswhosebrainsreactlikeoursmayberewardingbecauseitmakesone's

wonvalues,opinions,andinterestsstrength,"scientistCarolynParkinsontoldBusinessInsider.

Butbrainsimilarityisnottieonlythingthatcanresultinfriendship.Scientistsfromthe

UniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthatfriendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyou

aretosomeone.

Theydidanexperimentwithfirst-yearcollegestudentswhometinclassforthefirsttime.In

thisexperiment,studentswhosatinneighbouringseatsweremorelikelytobecomefriends.

（1）Whatdoes"thisidea"inParagraph3referto?

A.Manyfriendshipsstartwithsnailchats.

B.Friendstrytodevelopsimilaritiesbetweenthemselves.

C.Peoplewithsimilaritiesmaybecomefriends•

D.Welikethosewholikeusfirst.

（2）The42universitystudentsintheexperiment.

A.areallfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaB.wereclosefriendsbeforetheexperiment

C.watchedthesamesetofvideosD.reacteddifferentlyfromeachother

(3)Whatdidthestudyofthestudents'brainsshow?

A.Theyhadwatchedthesamevideoclips.

B.Friendshadsimilarreactionstothesameclips.

C.Watchingvideosimprovesone'smemory.

D.It'sgoodtohavefriendswhoreactsimilarly.

(4)Accordingtothestory,whatelsemayhelpbuildfriendship?

A.BeingfunandhelpfulB.Studyingatthesarrecollege.

C.HavingsimilarappearancesD.Beingphysicallyclose.

(5)Thebesttitleofthepassageis11"

A.WhatisfriendshipB.Friendscanthinkaike

C.AnexperimentaboutfriendshipD.Howcanwebuildfriendship

【答案】(1)C

(2)C

(3)B

(4)D

(5)B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要告诉我们相似的人或者距离较近的人更容易成为

朋友。

(1)细节理解题，根据Now,thereissomesciencebehindthisidea.Scientistsfrom

UniversityofCaliforniasaidfriendshavesimilarbrains,ScientificAmericanreported.现在，有一

些科学背后的想法。据“科学美国人"报道，加州大学的科学家们说，朋友们也有类似的大

脑，可知这里thisidea是指有相似之处的人可能会成为朋友，成选C。

(2)细节理解题，根据Thescientistsinvited42universitystudentstotakepartinan

experiment.Eachstudentwatchedthesamesetofvideos,whichincludedacomedy,adiscussion

andasoccermatch.科学家们邀请了42名大学生参加一项实验。每个学生都观看了相同的

一组视频，其中包括一部再剧、一场讨论和一场足球比赛，可知答案，故选C。

(3)细吊埋解题，根据Accordingtotheirstudy,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoclips

reactedinsimilarways.根据他们的研究，看过相同视频片段的朋友也会有类似的反应，可

知答案，故选

(4)细节理解题，根据ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthat

friendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyoaretosomeone.德国莱比锡大学

(UniversityofLeipzig)的科学家们发现，友谊也是建立在身体上与某人有多亲密的基础上

的，和Inthisexperiment,studentswhosatinneighbouringseatsweremorelikelytobecome

friends.在这个实验中，坐在相邻座位上的学生更有可能成为朋友，可知坐得近的学生更可

能成为朋友，故选D。

(5)主旨大意题，结合文章大意主要讲述的是相似常常有助于建立友谊，希僭哲学家

(哲学家)亚里士多德曾经说过，有些人把友谊定义为相似之处。他们说我们爱那些和我

们一样的人。可知朋友可以有相同的想法，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节理解题要在文章中找到原句和细节，选出正确答案：主

旨大意题要掌握文章大意，了解作者的写作意图，找到关键词，选出最佳答案。

8.阅读埋解

ICRC

DoyouknowwhenandhowtheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross(ICRC)started?

In1859.duringthewartime,aSwissmannamedHenryDunantpassedatowninItaly

wheremanysoldiershadbeenwounded.Dunantthoughttheyshouldbecaredfor.ASwiss

organizationusedhisideain1863.Whentheorganizationbecameinternational,itwasnamedthe

InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.

ICRC'semblemisaredcrossonawhiteground(衬底).Peopleuseitasasignforarmy

doctors.ThereareICRCofficesinmanycountriesaroundtheworldnow.12,000ICRCworkers

arehelpingpeopleinmorethar80countries.

InChina,thereisanorganizationnamedtheChinaRedCrossSociety(CRCS).Itisapartof

ICRC.Itstartedin1904.MostofthepeopleinCRCSareeitherfull-timeworkersorvolunteers.

CRCSalsohasorganizationsinmanyschools.Studentmemberslearntolookuptotheelderly

andtohelptheweak.Theyarealsotaughttogivemedicalcaretopeoplewhoareindanger.

(1)WhendidtheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCrossstart?

A.In1559.B.In1904.C.In1859.D.In1863.

(2)HowmanyICRCworkersarehelpingpeoplearoundtheworldnow?

A.12,000.6.21,000.C.90.D.60.

(3)WhatisthefullnameofCRCS?

A.TheCommitteeoftheRedCross.

B.TheChineseCommitteeSociety.

C.TheChineseRedCrossSociety.

D.TheChinaRedCrossSociety.

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"emblem"meaninChinese?

A.号码B.图片C.颜色D.标志

(5)WhyaretherestudentmembersinCRCS?

A.Becausetheylearntolookuptotheelderly.

B.Becausetheyhelptheweak.

C.Becausetheygivemedicalcaretopeoplewhoareinclanger.

D.BecauseCRCShasorganizationsinmanyschools.

【答案】⑴D

(2)A

(3)D

(4)D

(5)D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述国际红十字会的由来及中国红十字会。

(1)细节题，根据ASwissorganizationusedhisideain1863.Whentheorganizationbecame

international,itwasnamedtheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.nJ知国际红十字会始

创于1863年，故选D。

（2）细节题，根据ThereareICRCofficesinmanycountriesaroundtheworldnow.12,000

ICRCworkersarehelpingpeopleinmorethan80countries.可知现在有12000个红十字会员工

帮助世界各地的人们。故选A。

（3）细节题，根据InChina,thereisanorganizationnamedtheChinaRedCrossSociety

（CRCS）.可知CRCS的全名师中国红十字会，故选D。

（4）词句猜测题，根据ICRC'semblemisaredcrossonawhiteground（衬底）.Peopleuse

itasasignforarmydoctors.可知红十字会是以一个白色的衬底上有一个红十字，人们用他作

为军医的标志，可推出emblen,意思为"标志"，故选D。

（5）细节题,根据CRCSalschasorganizationsinmanyschools.可知红十字会也在学校有组

织，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，词句猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型，词句猜测题需要联系

上下文，推测出需要的词句的意思。

9.阅读理解

Asachild,Tanyaalwayslovedswimminginthesea.ShegrewupintheCaymanIslands（岛）

inCaribbean.Shecoulddive（潜水）inthedeepplacesofthesea.Butshedidn'tknowthen

thatshecoulddivedeeperthananyoneelseintheworld.

Tanyafoundherdivingabilitiesin1997,whensheattendedaclassinfreediving.Freedivingis

anewsport.Itisverydangerous,becausepeopledivewithnooxygen（氧气）.Therewere

onlymenintheclassandnoonewantedtodivewithherbecauseshewasagirl.Butherclass

weresurprisedwhentheysawhowlongshecouldswimunderwater.Herteachersoonwantedto

trainher.

Afewmonthslater;Tanyastartedbreakingrecords（纪录）.Shecouldswimunderwaterfor

nearlysixminuteswithjustonebreath（呼吸）!Lastyearshebroketheworldfreediving

record.Shedived121metreswithonebreath."AtthebottomoftheseaI'mcalm（平静的）.I

lovethequietnessdownthere.Comingupagainisverydifficult.voucan'tthinkaboutthepain

（痛苦）！"shesaid."I'mnotplanningtobreakanymorerecordsforawhile.I'mgoingtowait

andseeifanyonebreaksmylastrecord!InthefutureI'mgoingtoteachfreedivingandworkfor

seaprotection."

（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTanya?

A.Shelivednearthesea.B.Shelovedthequietnessunderwater.

C.Shelovedswimmingwhenshewasachild.D.Shewouldstopdivinginthefuture.

（2）Theunderlinedsentenceshowsthat.

A.Tanyaisquitesureit'snotsoeasytobreakherlastrecord

B.nobodycanbreakherrecordinthefuture

C.Tanyadoesn'twanttomakesnyprogress

D.Tanyaisthebestdiverintheworld

（3）Thewriterwritesthispassageto.

A.telluswhatjobTanyaisgoingtodointhefuture

B.talkaboutTanyaandherabilitiestodive

C.tellushowTanyadivesunderwaterwithonebreath

D.talkaboutwhyTanyacandivebetterthananyoneelseintheworld

【答案】(1)D

(2)A

(3)B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了坦尼娅和她的潜水能力。

(1)细节题。根据InthefutureI'mgoingtoteachfreedivingandworkforseaprotection将

来我要教自由潜水，并为海洋保护工作，可知他将来会停止潜水是错的，故选D。

(2)推理题。根据I'mnotpanningtobreakanymorerecordsforawhile.I'mgoingtowait

andseeifanyonebreaksmylastrecord一段时间内，我不打算再破纪录了，我打算等着看看

是否有人打破我最后的记录，可知I'mgoingtowaitandseeifanyonebreaksmylastrecord的

意思是Tanya很确定她最后的记录很难打破，故选A,

(3)推理题。根据通读全文，可知作者写作目的是谈谈坦尼娅和她的潜水能力，故选

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻

找答案：推断题需要联系上卜文，推断出需要的信息。

10.阅读理解

Paperisoneofthemostimportantproductseverinventedbyman.

Theinventionofpapermeantthatmorepeoplecouldbeeducatedbecausemorebookscould

beprinted.Paperprovidesanimportantwaytocommunicatewithknowledge.

PaperwasfirstmadeinChinaabout2,000yearsago.InEgyptandtheWest,paperwasnot

verycommonlyusedbeforetheyear1400.PaperwasnotmadeinsouthernEuropeuntilabout

theyear1100.Afterthat,theforestrycountrieslikeCanada,Sweden,Norway,Finland,andthe

UnitedStatesbecamethemostimportantinpaper-making.TodayFinlandmakesthebestpaper

intheworld.Andithasthebiggestpaperindustryintheworld.

Whenwethinkofpaper,wethinkofnewspapers,books,letters,envelopes,andwritingpaper.

Sopaperplaysanimportantroleinourlives.

Paperisverygoodforkeepingyouwarm.Housesareofteninsulated(隔热)withpaper.You

haveperhapsseenhomelessmensleeponalargenumberofnewspapers.Theyareinsulating

themselvesfromthecold.InFinland,inwinteritissometimes4:0degreesbelowzero.Thefarmer

swearpaperbootsinthesnow:Nothingcouldbewarmer.

(1)Theinventionofpapermeant_.

A.morebookscouldbeprintedB.morepeoplecouldbeeducated

C.paperwasoneofthemostimportantproductsD.paperwasinventedbyman

(2)PaperwasmadeinsouthernEurope.

A.before11:00B.afrer14:00C.after11:00D.before14:00

(3)makesthebestpaper.

A.FinlandB.CanadaC.TheUSD.Sweden

(4)What'sthemeaningofthesentence"Nothingcouldbewarmer."?

A.Booksarewarmer.B.Newspapersarewarmer.

C.Housesarethewarmest.D.Paperisthewarmest.

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要介绍了纸的历史和纸的重要性。

(1)细节理解题。根据Theinventionofpapermeantthatmorepeoplecouldbeeducated

becausemorebookscouldbeprinted.纸的发明意味着更多人能被教育因为更多的书能被印

刷，故选B。

(2)细节理解题。根据PaperwasnotmadeinsouthernEuropeuntilabouttheyear

1100.not...until…，直到……才可知在南欧的纸是在1100年后开始制造的，故选C。

(3)细节理解题。根据TodayFinlandmakesthebestpaperintheworld.可知现在世界上芬

兰制的纸最好，故选A。

(4)推理判断题。根据Paperisverygoodforkeepingyouwarm.Housesareofteninsulated

(I和热)withpaper.Youhaveperhapsseenhomelessmensleeponalargenumberof

newspapers.Theyareinsulatingthemselvesfromthecold.InFinland,inwinteritissometimes

4:0degreesbelowzero.Thefarmerswearpaperbootsinthesnow:根据上面列举的实例可知

Nothingcouldbewarmer.意思是纸是最保暖的。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。推理判断题需要在理解文章表面意思的基础上，分析作者的

观点、态度。在做这类题时，要注意关联词，转折词。对作者的观点做出合理判断。这类

题型相对简单，一般答案都能在阅读中找到。考生可以大概通读一遍阅读，然后带着问题

到文中找答案。

11.阅读短文，从下面每小题的A