Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 词汇和短语 人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit3

DiverseCulturesWordsand

Expressions人教版高中英语中国传统文化中的“福”怎么表达？fortune“福”所对应的英文是goodfortune，直译过来就是“好运气”。神秘的“算命人”古今中外均不乏“算命的人”，在英语中这样的人被称为fortuneteller。Fortune

500“世界500强”是中国人对美国《财富》(Fortune)杂志每年评选的“全球最大五百家公司”排行榜的一种约定俗成的叫法。公司盈利多是跻身世界500强的先决条件，而fortune有“（大量）财产；大笔钱”的含义，这也是用Fortune

500来表达世界500强的原因。世界500强词源故事福尔图娜（Fortuna）是罗马神话中的命运女神。她主管人和国家的命运。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。英语单词fortune就源自命运女神的名字Fortuna。习语wheeloffortune字面意思是“命运女神的车轮”，比喻命运或人生的变迁。fortunen

[U]机遇；运气

chanceorluck,especiallyinthewayitaffectspeople’slives：havethegoodfortunetodo…有幸做…bygood/greatfortune由于幸运good/illfortune

好/厄运[C]（个人的）命运，前途aperson'sfateorfuturetellsb’sfortune：给某人算命

[C]（大量）财产；大笔的钱

alargeamountofmoney：makea/one’sfortune发财;赚大钱spend/costalargefortune花一大笔钱seekfameandfortune/seekone’sfortune追求/追逐名利/致富之路tryone’sfortune碰运气=tryone’sluckthefamilyfortune家产成功与否的“命运”人生的“命运”金钱的“命运”—财运命运；前途机遇；运气命运fortune（基本义）人生的“命运”成功与否的“命运”（大量）财产；大笔的钱金钱的“命运”—财运fortune语义网络图fortunen.=luckfortunateadj.=lucky幸运的；吉利的befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.有幸做某事fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunateadj.=unlucky不幸的unfortunatelyadv.=unluckily不幸地；遗憾地fortune的同族词写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Ihavehadthegoodfortune

toworkwithsomebrilliantdirectors.

_____________2.Shemadeafortune

andworediamondsanddesignerclothes.

_____________3.AnypaintingbyVanGoghisworthafortune._____________4.Imetafortuneteller

intheshoppingmall._____________fortune有幸/有好运气发财一大笔钱算命人单句语法填空/补全句子①Shewasfortunateenough________(find)ajobassoonasshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.②______________,Iwon'tbeabletoattendthemeeting.③InChina，childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelopeto______________________(带来好运)intheNewYear.tofindUnfortunatelybringgoodfortune④____________,

Iwas__________

enoughtoattendthefilmfestivalinParis.

IfonlyIhadthe_________

tomeetthefamousstar,whosoughthis_________inthebigcitywhenhewasyoung.FortunatelyfortunatefortunefortuneItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.很可能美洲土著人至少在15000年前就搬到加利福尼亚去了。

[句式分析]

Itislikelythat...很可能……，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。

(1)belikelyto...很可能……；有希望……sb.islikelyto...某人有可能……Sheisverylikelytoringmetonight.＝Itisverylikelythatshewillringmetonight.她今晚很有可能给我打电话(2)其他表示“……可能……”的句型：It'sprobablethat...It'spossiblethat...It'spossibleforsb.todosth.Itispossibleforhertosetaworldrecordagain.＝Itisprobable/possiblethatshewillsetaworldrecordagain.她有可能会再次创造世界纪录。[即学即练]

一句多译如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康有可能会受到损害。①

youwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.②You

ifyoukeepsmoking.Itislikelythatarelikelytosufferfrombadhealth

vt[正式用语]容许……进入toallowsb/sthtoenteraplace：

Onlyticket-holderswillbeadmittedto/intothestadium.admitsb.to/into准许某人进入；允许某人加入

vt

[正式用语]接纳；招收toallowsbtobecomeamemberofaclub,aschool,etc.：

Mybrothergot/wasadmittedtohisdreamuniversitylastyear.beadmittedto/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)

admit

v

注：在日常生活中，人们通常说letsbin而不是admitsb构词：ad-(to)+mit(toletgo)→送过去→容许进入(基本义)

vt&vi承认

toagree,oftenunwillingly,thatsthistrue：Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.admit(to

sb.)

that...承认/认可……Weshouldhavethecouragetoadmit(to)ourmistakes.admit(to)sth.承认……

Ihadtoadmit(to)beingnervousaboutthetest.admit(to)doingsth.承认做……

vt&vi供认，招供tosaythatyouhavedonesthwrongorillegal：Herefusedtoadmit(to)theothercharges.admit(to)sth.承认，供认，招供……

Sheadmitted(to)havingstolen/stealingthecar.admit(to)doing/havingdonesth.承认，供认，招供……

[U]&[C]接纳；进入权；准许入会/学：

Admissionbyticket.凭票入场。Shefailedtogainadmissionto

theuniversityofherchoice.theuniversityadmissionspolicy/office大学招生政策╱招生办公室

[C][常作单数]承认；供认：anadmissionofamistake/failure承认错误/失败admissionn

[U]入场费：admissioncharges/prices入场费╱票价►

admittedlyadv.

[尤用于句首]诚然；不可否认地：Thetechniqueispainful,admittedly,butitbenefitsthepatientgreatly.词汇拓展获准进入；被录取admit语义网络图供认admit容许……进入(基本义)承认“容许”事情“进入”内心“容许”人“进入”组织或机构“容许”物体“进入”某地接纳；招收容许……进入“容许”自己做错了的事“进入”公众视野承认；供认接纳；准许入会/学；入场费进入权admission1)NewscamethatWangLin________________(admit)

intoPekingUniversity,________madehisparentsveryhappy.2)Headmitted_________________________(drive)thecarwithoutinsurance.3)Hefailedtogain___________(admit)totheuniversityofherchoice.4)Weshouldhavethecourage___________(admit)ourmistakes.5)Sheadmitsto_________(be)strictwithherchildren.6)Itwasgenerally___________(admit)thatthegovernmenthadactedtooquickly.7)Thenarrowwindowsadmitlittlelight______theroom.wasadmittedwhichdriving/havingdrivenadmissiontoadmitbeingadmittedinto

[正式用语]发生tohappen:

AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.

出现；存在toexistorbefoundsomewhere：

Sugaroccursnaturallyinfruit.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.occurtosb浮现于某人脑中；被某人想起：①it(never)occurstosbtodosth:某人从来没有想过/突然想起做某事

Itoccurredtohertophonethepolice.②it(never)occurstosb+that从句:某人从来没有想过/突然想起

NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

occurvi词汇拓展

[C]发生的事情：everydayoccurrences日常事件

[U]发生；出现►occurrencen1)____occurredtomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.2)Asuddenthoughtoccurred________him,justashewasleaving.3)Itdidn'toccurtoher__________(ask)forhelp.4)Theprogramcountsthenumberof_________________(occur)ofanyword,withinthetext.Ittotoaskoccurrencesoccurvi.可指某事偶然发生,可与happen互换,但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时,用occur,后接介词tohappenvi.特指某事偶然发生。主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。表示“某人发生了某事”,要用sth.happen(s)tosb.;happentodosth.表示“碰巧做某事”takeplace多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生,比如举办活动、发生变化等breakout多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态辨析occur,happen,takeplace,breakout辨析occur,happen,takeplace相同点：①三者都可指“发生”。

②

三者都是不及物动词，都无被动。不同点：occur

指“发生”时可与happen换用，但occur较为正式。Ifanyofthesesymptomsoccurwhileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.happen

主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。Maybesomethingunexpectedhappened.takeplace主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。Theconferencewilltakeplacenextmonth.选词填空(occur,happen,takeplace,breakout)①Theterriblewar___________in1937.

②What___________toyouyesterday?③Whenwillthesportsmeeting____________?

④Itsuddenly___________tohimthathehadlefthiskeysinhiscar.brokeouthappenedtakeplaceoccurredusedtodosth.过去常常做某事(现在不做了)Youusedto

gothere,

didn'tyou？thereusedtobe...过去常常有……；曾经有……Thereusedtobeapostofficenearmyhouse.be/getusedto(doing)sth.习惯(做)某事Iamnotusedtoeatingsomuchatlunchtime.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Woodcanbeused

tomakefire.usedto过去(常常)……

usedto过去(常常)……

①在他们房子的后面曾经有一个美丽的大花园。

atthebackoftheirhouse.②这名旅行者习惯在不同的气候和条件下生活。Thetraveller

differentclimatesandconditions.Thereusedtobeabigandbeautifulgardenis/getsusedtolivinginseek(sought,sought)

v

[正式用语或书面用语]

vt&vi寻找

tolookfor

sb/sth：Theysoughtforaplacetoshelterfromtherain,butinvain.seekjobs/work/employmentseek—sought—soughtbuy—bought—boughtfight—fought—foughtbring—brought—broughtthink—thought--thought一、选出下列句子中画线部分的英语释义。1.Inmyopinion,whenintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmost.

_______2.Acompanywhoseprofitsfromhomemarketsaredeclining

(减少)

mayseekopportunitiesabroad.

_______3.WesoughtoutKarenandtoldherofhersuccess. _______4.Localschoolsareseekingtoreducethedropoutrate._______

a.lookfor b.tryc.askfor d.findoutcseekadb根据seek的基本义tolookfor，猜猜下列句子中seek的意思。1.Thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.2014天津2.Theyhadsoughtmyadvice,andIhadrecommendedthismachine.3.Scientistshavebeenseekingtounderstandthemysteryofthe“sixthsense”ofdirection.寻求口语trytofind/get征求口语askfor试图/企图口语

trytodoseekone’sfortune寻找出路；寻找致富之路：Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseektheirfortune.seekout找出；找到：Wemustseekoutasolutiontotheproblem.seek(for/after)sth./sb. 追求,寻找Weareseeking(for)solutionstocurrentproblems.seektodosth. 设法/试图做某事Theyareseekingtomisleadus.seeksth.(fromsb.)向某人寻求某事seekone'sadvice/assistance

征求某人的建议/帮助Youmustseekpermissionfromthemanager.重要词块课文魁地奇比赛中的找球手seeker在哈利波特的魔法世界中，最受欢迎的运动莫过于魁地奇比赛（Quidditch）。找球手seeker在比赛中起着极为重要的作用，他们负责抓取金色飞贼（thegoldensnitch），往往能使自己的球队反败为胜。【词汇拓展】seeker

n[C]

寻找者；追求者；谋求者：ajob/anattentionseekeranattention/apublicityseeker故意引人注意的人；追求出名的人【词汇拓展】seeker

n[C]

寻找者；追求者；谋求者：ajob/anattentionseekeranattention/apublicityseeker故意引人注意的人；追求出名的人①Theysoughtinvain_____aplacetoshelterfromtherain.②Thosewhoseek_________(grab)powerthroughviolencedeservetobepunished.

③Inwartime,hundredsofpeople________(seek)refugeintheBritishEmbassy.④Ajob________(seek)isanunemployedpersonwhoistryingtogetajob.⑤事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。Thefactisthatnowadaysmanyyoungpeopleare_______________________inbigcities.fortograbsought

seekingtheirfortuneseeker

earnearnpocketmoney赚零花钱topearners最赚钱的人/高收入者

earn

v.

vt&vi赚得；挣得：earnascholarship获得奖学金earnmoney/afortune挣钱/大钱Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellingthefish.Shemustearnafortune(=earnalotofmoney).她准是挣了一大笔钱。

vt.

博得；赢得：Heearnedpraise/

a

reputation

forhonesty.赢得赞扬/名声Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree.获得学位earn/makealiving＝earnone'sliving谋生：Toearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.earn/makeone'sownliving自食其力基本义挣得美好事物课文

earn

v.earnsb.aplace获得一席之地Hisoutstandingabilityearnedhimaplaceontheteam.►earningsn.[C]［复数］薪水；工资►earnern.[C]赚钱者Sheearned____livingasapart-timesecretary.Inmostofthesecases,thewomanisthesole________inthefamily.Average___________(earn)forskilledworkersarerising.①作为教师，她已赢得了她的学生们的尊重。Asateacher,

shehas

．②你足够大了，可以自食其力了。Youareoldenoughto

．earnedtherespectofherstudentsmake/earnyourownlivingaearnerearningsescape你玩过密室脱逃（RoomEscape）吗？试想一下自己被困在一间门被锁上的房间里，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每一扇门都打开，最终实现“逃”出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明了“escape”这个词最核心的意义：（从……）逃走。escape词源escape的基本义:（从……）逃走escape（逃脱）：脱掉身上的斗篷得以逃脱。在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。英语单词escape（逃脱）就跟古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。它由ex（outof）+cappa（cape，斗篷）构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。因此，英语单词

escape可以按以下方式记忆其拼写：escape=es（=ex，outof，脱掉）+cape（斗篷）。escapev.

vi逃走；逃跑：Thehuntertriedtoescapefrom

theforest,buthelosthisway.

vt&vi逃避；摆脱：IhavetoadmitthatthesouthernpartofYunnanisthebestdistrictofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.escapesb’sattention/notice逃避某人的注意Henarrowlyescapeddeathinanearthquake.死里逃生escape(doing)sth:避开(做)某事escapebeingdone逃避(被)做某事Thetwoofficerswereextremelyluckytoescapeseriousinjury.Youareluckytoescapebeingpunished.

vi&vt[不用于被动语态]被忘掉：Shelooksfamiliar,buthernameescapesme(=Ican’trememberhername).

vi（气体、液体等）泄漏：Asmallholeallowedsmoketoescapefromthetop.从……逃出escapen

[C]&[U]逃跑；逃脱；逃避：makeone’sescape成功逃脱Hehadanarrowescape.死里逃生Forher,travelwasanescapefromtheboredomofhereverydaylife.从…逃跑

[C]

泄漏；出口:Canyousmellanescapeofgas?afireescape

防火梯，逃生梯，安全出口（气体、液体等）泄漏escape

语义网络图气体/液体从容器中“逃走”从抽象的困境中“逃走”从被围困的地方“逃走”逃避；摆脱逃走；逃跑从记忆中“逃走”被忘掉逃跑；逃脱泄漏；出口vn从……逃走基本义逃避小贴士电脑键盘上的“Esc键”你经常用吗？其实，Esc键就是英语escape的缩写，这个按键也叫做escapekey，起到退出或取消的功能。想一想Esc键和“逃走”有什么联系？escape一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Theairkeepingtheballoonupwasescapingsoquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown._____________2.Asachildhewouldoftenescapeintoadreamworldofhisown._____________3.Escapefromthiswindowandreturntothemainmenu._____________4.Canyousmellanescapeofgas?_____________泄露逃避退出泄露二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Timeissomething________whichwecan’tescape.2.Itwasafinancialworkerwhosename___________(escape)meforthemoment.3.Hewasluckytoescape________(be)punished.三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Althoughhethoughthecould______________（逃过注意）bysittingattheback,hewaswrong.2.Itwasreportedthattwojournalists________________________（死里逃生）intheairattack.fromescapesbeingescapeattentionnarrowlyescapeddeath/hadanarrowescape(1)Shemanagedtoescape_____theburningcarafterwards.Inotherwords,shenarrowlyescaped_____________(kill)inthefire.(2)Itwasafinancialworkerwhosename___________(escape)meforthemoment.(3)He___________(narrow)escapedbeingkilled.(4)Themanhad

narrowescapetheotherday.frombeingkilledescapesnarrowlyaTomorrowevening,

I'mgoingtoajazzbarintheRichmondDistrict.Can'twait！明晚，我要去里士满区的一个爵士酒吧。我等不及(想去那)了！[句式分析]本句是Ican'twaittogothere的省略形式，句意为“我迫不及待想去那儿了”。can'twaittodosth./forsth.“某人等不及想(做)某事”。①Icouldn'twait

(read)hislatestnovel.(2)完成句子②Whenthetermiscomingtoanend，manystudents

(迫不及待地想他们的假期).toreadcan'twaitfortheirvacationselect玩游戏的时候，你曾为“挑选”角色苦恼过吗？“挑选”又如何表达呢？IwanttoreadanEnglishbook,butIcan’tchoosetherightone.Thecoachhasnotchosenmetoplayinthefootballteam.Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Selectsomethingaroundyouthatyousharewiththeotherperson.

读下面的句子，体会choose和select的区别：IneverydayEnglish,peopleusuallysaychooseratherthanselect.

select

vt.（经过认真思考而）挑选；精选

tochoosesb./sth.,usuallycarefully,fromanumberofsimilarthings：IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.

Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,thisexhibitionisthefirstmajorexhibitionofSirHenryRaeburn’sworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.本次展览精选自世界各地的藏品，是亨利·雷伯恩爵士四十多年来举办的第一次大型展览。

课文

①selectsb./sth.forsth.:选择某人/某物做Hehadhopesofbeingselectedforthenationalteam.②selectsb./sth.as/tobesth.:选择某人/某物作为In2019,TuYouyouwasselectedby

theBBCasoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresofscienceinthe20thcentury.③selectsb./sth.todosth.:选择某人/某物做某事He’stheonlystudentintheclassthathasbeenselectedtotakepartintheModelUnitedNationsconference.

④selectsb.

/sth.fromsth.:从…中选择某人/某物

Theyselectedthewinnerfromsixfinalists.辨

select,choose,pick三者都有“选择”之意。select指“精选”，是基于要求从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的。select比choose更正式。choose指挑选自己喜欢的人或物；决定或更喜欢做某事。choose泛指选择，可不带宾语。Youchoose—Ican’tdecide.pick

指从一群人或一组事物中选出一个或一些，可泛指选择，口语用词。selectadj［正式用语］挑选出的；精选的Onlyaselectfew(=asmallnumberofpeople)havebeeninvitedtothewedding.婚礼只邀请了几个至亲好友参加。selectiveadj.慎重选择的；精挑细选的Theiradmissionspolicyisveryselective.他们执行严格挑选的录取政策。

selectionn[U]&[C]可选之人或物；选集：makeaselection做出选择

naturalselection自然选择SelectionsFromCharlesDickens《狄更斯选集》新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。claim

新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等+claim+life/lives”表达。当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claimthemoneybackfordamages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claimontheinsurance）；认领丢失的财物（claimlostproperty）等等。

claimv

vi声称；宣称

tosaythatsthistrue,withouthavinganyproof:

Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightingagainstcancer.①claimtobe/dosth:声称是/做某事Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.②claim+(that)从句：声称……；断言……Itis/wasclaimedthat... 有人声称；据说……SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.Itwasclaimedthatsomedoctorswereworking80hoursaweek.

vt&vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领toaskforsthbecauseyouthinkit’syourlegalrighttohaveit：claimsth.back 索要回某物Heshouldbeabletoclaimbackthepriceoftheticket.claimon对…提出索赔Youcanclaimontheinsuranceifyouhaveanaccidentwhileonholiday.

vt

[尤用于新闻报道]夺去（生命）tocausesb’sdeath：Over3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafterit.claimone'slife 夺去某人的生命

课文claim

n.

[C]

声称；断言：Theymadeclaimstheycouldn’tliveupto.

（对事物的）权利；所有权：Thereisalargenumberofpatentexaminers,whoseonlyjobistoexaminewhetheryourclaimisvalidornot.

要求；索赔：Youcanmakeaclaimoninsurancepolicy.claim写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit._____________2.Hetriedtoclaimthathehadactedinself-defence._____________3.Thecompanyclaimsthattheirproduct“makesyouthinwithoutdieting”._____________4.Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear._____________认领这只狗宣称声称夺去18万人的生命5.Thegroupclaimedresponsibilityforaseriesofaccidents._____________6.Ifyou’restillnotsatisfied,youmaybeabletoclaimcashchecks._________________7.TheForeignAffairsDepartmenthasdeniedclaimsthatthemenwereill-treated._________________8.Thecompanyhadmadefalseclaimsaboutitsproducts._________________要求现金支票否认了……的说法做了虚假宣传宣称对……负责

vt&vi折叠；折起来；合拢：foldthepaperinhalf把纸对折foldone’sarms双臂交叉foldanumbrella收伞foldup折叠起来Theflyingvehiclehasfourwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.

vt包；裹：foldababyinablanket将布料等“折叠”起来包裹人或物基本义foldv

n

[C]褶；褶痕：foldsofadress连衣裙的褶皱Cutthepaperalongthefold.沿着折痕把纸剪开。

►foldingadj［只用于名词前］可折叠的：

afoldingbikeunfoldvt&vi（使）展开；打开：Henryfoldsthebillandslowlyunfoldsitagain.一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Hefoldedthemapupandputitinhispocket.___________2.Meerfoldedhisarmsoverhischestandturnedhisheadaway.___________3.Thebirdfoldeditswings.___________4.Shefoldedherbabyinablanket.___________5.Makeafoldacrossthecentreofthecard.___________二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。折叠

合拢/收起交叉双臂

包/裹褶痕1)Wefindour________(fold)tableagreatconvenience.2)Hearrangedallthebooksinaneatrowandthenputhis__________(fold)clothesaway.3)You’dbetterhavethebed________(fold)tosavespace.4)Johnturnedhisheadawaywithhisarms________(fold)overhischest.foldingfoldedfoldedfoldedTHANKS人教版高中英语5.selectvt.

选择;挑选;选拔①select...from...从……中选择……

selectsbtodosth选拔某人去做某事

selectsbas/tobe...选拔某人作为……②selectionn.

选择;挑选

selective

adj.慎重选择的；精挑细选的e.g.IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.我选了一家广东餐馆,这家餐馆用漂亮的瓷盘盛菜。[单句语法填空](1)Youcanselectyourfavouritebook______these.(2)Whohasbeenselected_______(take)partintheproject?

(3)Whodoyouwanttoselect_____yourdirector?(4)我被选中代表我们学校参加英语辩论比赛,因为我精通英语口语。

I’ve______________representourschooltotakepartintheEnglishdebatecompetitionbecauseIhaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.from

to

take

asbeen

selected

to6.claim/kleɪm/vt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言①claimtodosth.

声称做某事claimthat...

声称……；断言……Itis/wasclaimedthat...

有人声称；据说……claimsth.back

索要回某物claimone'slife

夺去某人的生命②makeaclaimfor...

索赔……e.g.TheInternetenablesustoexchangeideaswithotheruserstocheckour________(claim)．claims赏句猜义/语法填空①Theproductclaimsthatitcanmakeyouthinwithoutgoingtodiet.________②Theearthquakehassofarclaimedover3,000lives._______③Someirresponsiblefirmsmadefalseclaimsabouttheirproducts._______④FlocksofcustomersjoinedAlibabaSinglesDay,HongKong,theUSAandRussia__________(claim)thetopthreeoutside.vt.

宣称vt.夺取(生命)n.宣称claiming7.apartfrom除了……以外(还)；此外；除了…(都)apartfrom既可以表示besides的含义,也可以表示except或exceptfor的含义besides“除了……之外还有……”,除去的东西包括在范围内,相当于inadditionto/aswellasexcept“除了……之外”,指从同类的人或物中排除exceptfor表示从整体情况来看,要排除其中的部分特殊情况[完成句子](1)游泳,除了有趣和锻炼身体之外,还是一项很有用的技能。__________beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.(2)除了一些拼写错误,这篇文章写得很不错。_________somespellingmistakes,thecompositionisfairlygood.[用besides,except或except

for代替下列句中的apart

from](3)Theroadwasemptyapart

fromafewcars.(4)Willtherebeanyoneelseweknowatthepartyapart

fromWillandJanet?(5)Youcanhaveanyoneofthecakesapart

fromthisone.Apart

fromApart

fromexcept

for

besides

except8.escapen．逃跑；逃脱；解脱

vi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开；被忘掉；被忽视

(1)escapefrom...

从……中逃脱escapedoingsth. 逃避做某事(2)escapeone'sattention/notice逃过某人的注意(3)anarrowescape 九死一生e.g.AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYunnan,IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestpartofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.在游览了云南南部以后，我不得不承认，这是中国最适合躲避寒冬的地方。

9.bringabout

引起;导致

bringup

抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐

bringdown

降低;减少

bringin

带进来;有收入;赚得;引入

bringout

使显现;阐明;出版

bringforward

提前e.g.Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你认为是什么导致了文化多样性?用bring短语填空①Itisreportedthattheterribleaccidentwas____________byJohn'scarelessness.②TheSmithsareadmiredforthewaythey________theirchildren.③Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto__________thehighprices.④这幅画常勾起多少高中时代的许多快乐的回忆。Thepictureoften___________________________________ofmyhighschooldays.broughtaboutbringupbringdownbringsbacktomemanyhappymemories10.foldvt.

包；裹；折叠1)Wefindour________(fold)tableagreatconvenience.2)He________(fold)theletterandputitinanenvelope.3)You’dbetterhavethebed________(fold)tosavespace.4)Johnturnedhisheadawaywithhisarms________(fold)overhischest.foldingadj.折叠式的；可折叠的foldup折叠起来foldone’sarms双臂交叉在胸前afoldedletter一封折叠的信foldingfoldedfoldedfolded11.settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)1)OnedayI’llwantto__________andhaveafamily.2)Manbegantosettle________theplaceswherethefoodandwaterwereplentiful(充足的).3)Withalotofdifficultproblems________(settle),thenewchairmanworksfarintothenighteveryday.4)Aftertheygotthepresentjob,thecouple________________(定居)inthatcountry.settlein在…安顿下来

settledown(使)安顿下来；定居settledowntosth着手认真做某事settlementn.解决，定居settlern.定居者insettledsettleddownsettledown12.headto/for(朝……)前进;(向……)去Intheafternoon,IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.下午,我前往当地的一家博物馆,这家博物馆展现了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。(1)Ifyouworkhardandnevergiveup,youwill______________soonerorlater.

如果你刻苦工作且从不放弃,你迟早会走向成功。(2)He____________thepark.

他朝公园走去。headforsuccessheadedfor/to13.containvt.包含；含有；容纳；克制，抑制(感情)①containoneself克制自我；控制自己的情绪

②containern.容器【易混辨析】contain与include的区别①contain表示“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时。②include表示被包含者只是整体中的一部分。语法填空①Hearingthedisappointingnews,hewastoosadtocontain_________.

②I'monadiet.Ihavetoavoidfood____________(contain)fatandsugar.③Thebox__________anumberofletters,___________thosefromheradmirers.(contain/