英语专四倒装省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

倒装句1/252/253/25考查重点:1.以so/neither/nor/nomore开头倒装句2.以only强调状语倒装句3.以否定词开头倒装句4.省略了if倒装虚拟条件从句5.therebe存在倒装句6.as/though引导倒装让步状语从句7.as引导倒装原因状语从句8.so/such…that引导程度/结果状语从句9.however引导让步状语从句10.以be开头让步状语从句

4/25

英语最基本语序是“主语+谓语动词”，这叫作正常语序或自然语序。假如谓语动词放到主语之前，这就是倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，就形成全部倒装；假如只是把助动词/情态动词放在主语之前，这称为部分倒装。倒装原因有两个：语法需要和修辞需要。英语倒装句是历年英语专四考试重点之一。对倒装句考查主要表达在以下几个方面。

5/25一、以so/neither/nor/nomore开头倒装句

在否定句中，用nor/neither/nomore表示前面所否定情况也适合用于另一个/些人或物，说明另一主语“也不……”时，需用倒装语序。如：Thefirstonewasn’tgoodandneitherwasthesecond.

Ididn’treadthenoticeontheblackboard,nordidhe.在必定句中，惯用“so+be/have/助动词+主语”结构,说明前一句谓语表示情况也适合用于另一个/些人或物。Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.Parkingisagreatproblemandsoisthetrafficinandaroundcities．6/25假如主语和上一句主语相同，表示同意对方看法，意为“是；确实如此”，这时不用倒装：

—Johnstudiesveryhard.

—Sohedoes.7/25

二、以only强调状语倒装句

副词only所强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等位于句首时，引发部分倒装。Onlybyseizingeveryminutecanwefinishtheworkontime．Onlythendidwerealizethatthemanwasblind.Onlyafterthreeoperationswassheabletowalkwithoutsticks．假如only修饰词不是作状语而是作主语时，句子就不用倒装。如：Onlyhismotherwasinvited．Onlysomeoftheboyspassedtheexamination．8/25三、以否定词开头倒装句为了强调句子中否定状语，常将其置于句首，这时普通引发部分倒装。常见含有否定意义副词、连词或词组有：atnotime,bynomeans,hardly

/scarcely/barely…when,few,little,never,nosooner…than,not,notuntil,nowhere,notonly…butalso,onnoaccount,rarely,seldom,under/innocircumstances等。如：SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson．Hardlyhadhefinishedwhensomeonerosetorefutehisviews．Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink．

9/25

notonly…butalso…假如连接两个句子，则第一个句子倒装，第二个句子不倒装。如：Notonlyisthestoryinteresting,butalsoitsEnglishwillhelpusinwriting．假如否定词只否定主语或副词，就不用倒装：Hardlyanybodybelievesthat．Notlongagoitrained．10/25四、省略了if倒装虚拟条件从句

在含有were,had,should等词虚拟条件从句中，可把连词if省去，把这三个词移至句首，从而形成倒装。如：

Wereheherenow(=Ifhewereherenow),hewouldtelluswhattodo．Hadthemanagementactedsooner,thestrikewouldn’thavehappened．Shoulditnotrain,thecropswoulddie．Weretheytoarrivebeforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty．11/25五、therebe存在倒装句

therebe表示存在句子，其后名词词组为主语，从而形成倒装。如：Theremustbemanyshortcomingsanderrorsinthatbook．Thereisayoungmanwaitingforyououtside．theretobe用在及物动词或介词for之后；其他情况用therebeing结构(作主语、状语、介宾等）。

12/25六、as/though引导倒装让步状语从句

在as/though引导让步状语从句中，位于句首能够是形容词、名词、副词、动词原形、-ed分词等。在句首假如是名词，不要带冠词；但假如名词前有形容词修饰，则经常带冠词。如：GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideashavebeenchallengedtodayandarebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime．Muchthoughhelikesher,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.Childasheis,hecanrideahorse．Tiredashewas,heworkedlateintothenight．

13/25七、as引导倒装原因状语从句

在as引导原因状语从句中，有时把表语提前。它和as引导让步状语从句区分，主要依据句子表示意思来判断。当主句和从句表示相互对立关系时，是让步状语从句；当主句和从句表示正常因果关系时，是原因状语从句：Thehousewasveryquiet,isolatedasitwasonthesideofamountain．

Tiredashewas,hewenttobedearly．

Youngashewas,hewasnotequaltothetask．14/25八、so/such…that引导程度/结果状语从句

so在句首修饰形容词或副词表示强调时，主句要用倒装语序，后面接that引导程度/结果状语从句。

Soastonishendwashethathecouldscarcelycontainhimself.Soloudlydidhespeakthathewasheardupstairs.

在强调某个名词词组语义作用时，用作表语代词such也可位于句首，形成倒装，后跟that引导结果状语从句：

Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Suchwashisanxietythathecouldn’tstoptrembling.15/25九、however引导让步状语从句

however为连接副词，引导让步状语从句，其意义和作用相当于nomatterhow,however后面接形容词或副词，其结构为“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”：

Howevertalentedamanmaybe,thecollectivewillalwaysbewiserandstronger.

Howevercolditis,shealwaysgoesswimming.16/25十、以表示“地点”介词短语开头倒装句当句首为表示地点介词短语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，或为了使上下文衔接紧密，常使用倒装结构：

Alongthedustyroadcameagroupoftourists.Outsidetheentrancestoodtwopoliceofficerswithguns.17/25十一、以be开头让步状语从句两种句式：一是“be+主语+or连接两个表语”，相当于whether…or:

Beherichorpoor(Whetherheisrichorpoor),I’llmarryhimallthesame.

Behefriendorfoe,thelawregardedhimascriminal.

二是“be+主语+everso+形容词”，相当于no

matterhow:

Beachildeversoclever,ifhedoesn’tlearn,heknowsnothing.

Betheraineversoheavy,Imustgotoseeyouthisafternoon.18/25英语专业四级考试真题：1.A:Mother,youpromisedtotakemeout.B:Well,______.()A.soIdidB.sodidIC.soIdoD.sodoI2.Itisgoingtobefinetomorrow.______.()A.SoisitB.SoitisC.SoitdoesD.Sodoesit3.Little______aboutherownsafety,thoughsheherselfwasingreatdanger.()A.shecaredB.shemaycareC.mayshecareD.didshecare19/254.______hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.()A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch5._____you_____furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.()A.If;hadB.Have;hadC.Should;haveD.Incase;had6.______,I’llmarryhimallthesame.()A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor20/257.______bothsidesaccepttheagreement______alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.()A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,would8.______,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.(1999)A.HoweverthetaskishardB.HoweverhardthetaskisC.ThoughhardthetaskisD.Thoughhardisthetask21/259.______heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.(1998)A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch10.Heisnotunderarrest,______anyrestrictiononhim.(1995)A.orthepolicehaveplacedB.orhavethepoliceplacedC.northepolicehaveplacedD.norhavethepoliceplaced22/2511.S