Unit4AdversityandCourage词汇课件-高中英语人教版选择性

XB3Unit4AdversityandCouragewordsandexpressions1.adversityn.困境；逆境①inadversity在逆境中②courageinthefaceofadversity面对逆境的勇气③adverseadj.不利的；有害的④adverseeffect不利影响2.wagen.[C]（通常指按周领的）工资①high/goodwages高薪②low/smallwages低薪【近义词】①salaryn.（通常指按月领的）工资②payn.工资；薪水③incomen.收入④revenuen.财政收入3.bitteradj.①味苦的：Goodmedicineisbitterinthemouth.良药苦口。②严寒的：abitterwind刺骨寒风bittercold严寒③激烈而不愉快的：alongandbitterdispute漫长的激烈争论④使人悲痛的：bitterexperience痛苦的经历＋lyadv.4.expeditionn.探险；远征；探险队近义词：adventuren.冒险Translation:AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatlhavebeendreamingof.5.endurancen.忍耐力;耐久力endurevt.容忍；忍耐endurableadj.能忍耐的；可忍受的unendurableadj.无法忍受的powerofendurance耐力beyondendurance忍无可忍can'tenduredoing/todosth.不能容忍做某事Translation:Hecan'tendurebeing/tobedefeated.他不能忍受被打败。6.vigourn.精力;力量;活力vigorousadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的同义词：energetic;dynamicTranslation:Attheageof19,lamfitandfullofvigour.7.turnsb.down

拒绝某人拒绝：refuse/reject/declineturnsth.down调低...【“turn”相关短语】turnup调高；出现turnon打开turnoff关闭turnin上交turninto变成turnover翻转turnout结果为turnto转向；向...求助inturn轮流；依次；转而turnaround转身；调头；情况好转8.qualifiedadj.符合资格的；具备.....的知识①bequalifiedforsth有……的资格；可胜任……②能胜任：beequaltosth/beuptosth③bequalifiedtodosth.有资格做某事qualifyvt.使具备...资格qualificationn.资格；资历Translation:Shackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtlwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.9.enthusiasticadj.热情的，热心的beenthusiasticaboutsth/doingsth对某事/做某事充满热情【拓展】①passionn.激情,热情②passionateadj.狂热的③haveapassionfor对..充满热情④bepassionateabout对..充满热情10.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)goaboard上船、飞机、公共汽车Welcomeaboard！欢迎乘坐!形近词：abroadadv.在国外；到国外goabroad在国外athomeandabroad国内外11.cupboardn.橱柜;壁橱;衣柜Translation:Butlwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatlsecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.12.assignv.分配；布置；分派assignhomework布置家庭作业①assignsthtosb=assignsbsth把某物分配给某人②assignsbtosth委派某人到..岗位/职务。③assignsbtodosth委派某人做某事assignmentn.[U]分配；布置；分派

[C/U]任务;作业13.stewardn.(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员;服务员Translation:Heassignedmetobeasteward,andlnowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimesaday.14.envyn/vt羡慕，嫉妒（envied-envied-envying）①outofenvy出于羡慕/嫉妒②betheenvyof是令..羡慕或嫉妒的对象③envy事sb./sth.羡慕某人/某物④envysb(doing)sth.羡慕某人某物/做某enviousadj.羡慕的，嫉妒的beenviousof羡慕/嫉妒...Translation:Howeveryonewillenvymewhenlcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplaceslhavebeento!15.crushv.毁坏;压坏;压碎n.拥挤的人群16.sinkn.洗涤池，洗碗槽vi/vt(sink-sank/sunk-sunk)①（使）下沉；（使）沉没：②倒下；坐下③

（心情）

沮丧;（情绪）

低落

：④besunkin陷入不快（或沉思）中：Shesunkinthought.她陷入了沉思。Translation:Wesawtheshipgetcrushedbytheice,Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssankwithit.16.abandonv.舍弃;抛弃;放弃近义词：discard/desertabandononeselftosth陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）abandondoingsth.放弃做某事18.blanketn.毯子17.stoven.炉具;厨房灶具Translation:Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescuourmostessentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothesandblankets.19.belongingsn.[pl.]财产，动产近义词：possessions/property/estate①belongto属于

（无被动和进行）②asenseofbelonging归属感Translation:Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings,andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.20.banjon.班卓琴(乐器)21.miserableadj.痛苦的;令人难受的miserablyadv.痛苦地；非常难受地Translation:Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Translation:Wearenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsontherockyshoreofthismiserableplace.22.voyagen.&vi.航海;航行海上航行用voyage，长途陆路用journey，短途短期用trip，旅游观光用tour，travel用法最普遍，特别用来指“游记”。Translation:Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgialsland,1,32okilometresaway-thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.23.navyn.海军;海军部队Translation:NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantlsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwearehere.24.decentadj.相当不错的;正派的;得体的

decentlyadj.相当不错地;正派地;得体地adecentjob体面的工作＋lyadv.25.cosy(NAmEcozy)adj.温馨的;舒适的同义词：comfortable，homeycozilyadv.舒适地cozinessn.舒适Translation:Otherwise,thereisnofood.ltrytothinkofhappierthingsdecentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,sunnydays,andmymother'sface.26.selfishadj.自私的①selfishlyadv.②selfishnessn.③opp:unselfish/selflessadj.无私的Translation:Howcould1becomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!27.good/bad-temperedadj.脾气好的/坏的28.genuineadj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的①genuinelyadv.②genuinenessn.③opp:fake假的perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求perseverewith/insth.坚持某事persevereindoing坚持做某事29.perseverancen.[U]毅力；韧性30.resolven.[U]决心；坚定的信念v.①决心；决定：resolveonsth/doing决心做resolvetodosth决心/决定做某事②解决resolveanissue/adispute/aconflict/acrisis解决问题╱争端╱冲突╱危机Translation:Theirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.31.resolutionn.决议;解决;坚定32.crewn.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人34.crueladj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的crueltyn.残忍；残酷；不公becrueltosb对某人残忍thecrueltiesoflife生活的种种不公cruellyadv.35.thoroughadj.深入的;彻底的;细致的＋lyadv.36.furnituren.家具37.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地;遗憾地38.fortunatelyadv.幸运地fortunateadj.幸运的unfortunateadj.不幸的beunfortunatetodosth,做某事很不幸Itisunfortunatethat...很遗憾befortunatetodosth.做某事很幸运be/feelfortunateindoingsth.在做某事方面很幸运Itisfortunate(forsb.)that...(对某人来说)……是幸运的。fortunen.[U]运气misfortune厄运39.barkvi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声Translation:Thedogstartedtobarktwohoursago.40.rugbyn.橄榄球运动41.batn.球拍;蝙蝠 vi.&v.用球板击球;挥打;拍打42.dampadj.潮湿的;湿气重的dampnessn.湿气；潮湿同义词：wetadj.wetnessn.43.recreationn.娱乐;消遣;游戏recreationaladj.娱乐的;消遣的表娱乐的词：entertainment,amusement44.guidancen.指导;引导;导航guiden.指南，手册；导游，向导v.指导，给某人领路undertheguidanceofsb=undersb’sguidance在..指导下45.nephewn.侄子;外甥46.advertisingn.广告活动;广告业47.advertisevt.&vi.公布;宣传;做广告advertisementn.[C]广告（ad）advertisern.广告商；广告advertisefor登广告征求48.corporateadj.公司的;法人的;社团的49.roughadi.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的roughlyadv.粗略地50.navigator/n.领航员;(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者roughlyspeaking粗略地说navigatevt.航行；操纵51.loyaladj.忠诚的;忠实的loyaltyn.aloyalfriend一个忠诚的朋友beloyaltosb对某人忠诚52.motorn.发动机;马达 adj.有引擎的;机动车的53.candidaten.候选人;应试者的acandidateforsth某职位的候选人54.makefire生火setfireto放火烧…catchfire着火(表示动作)setsth.onfire纵火/点火烧某物beonfre着火(表示状态)55.giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)giveaway泄露;暴露;捐赠giveback归还.送回