2019届高考英语一轮复习练习选修8-unit3知能演练轻松闯关

课时练1阅读理解提速练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解A(2018·河北衡水中学高三一调)InternationalStudies(BA文学士)Keyfeatures●Recognizesthe“globalcommunity”●Hascloseconnectionswithpracticalresearch●MuchoftheteachingisdoneinsmalldiscussiongroupsAboutthecourseThecoursefocusesonthecomplexrelationsbetweennationstates.ItwillprovidemoreopportunitytostudyspecificissuessuchasrelationshipamongcountriesintheEuropeanUnion，thirdworlddebt,localandinternationaldisagreement,andtheworkofinternationalbodiessuchastheUnitedNations,theEuropeanUnion,NATO,andtheWorldBank.Thecourseappliestheoriestotheworkingoftheinternationalsystemwithcloseattentiontoparticularcountries.Itprovidesstudentswithabetterknowledgeofwaystosolveinternationalproblems.RelatedcoursesBA(Hons)CommunityManagementBA(Hons)PublicPolicyandManagementEmploymentpossibilitiesInternationalorganizationsInternationalbusinessEarthScience(BSc理学士)Keyfeatures●Basedonkeycoursesandthelatestresearchfindings●Paysmuchattentiontopracticalskills●OfferschancesforfieldworkAboutthecourseThedemandandcompetitionfornaturalresourcesisbecominganincreasinglyseriousproblemforthefutureofmankind.GraduatesinEarthSciencewillplayanimportantroleinmeetingthisdemand,andinhowthesenaturalresourceswillbeused.Thecoursecoversgeographyandgeology(地质学)．YouwillcarryoutfieldworkintheUKandpossiblyabroad,andinyourfinalyearcompletearesearchprojectinanareaofinteresttoyou.RelatedcoursesBSc(Hons)GeographyBSc(Hons)GeologyEmploymentpossibilitiesMineral,oil,waterorotherrelatedengineeringindustries【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了两种学位课程的相关信息。1．InternationalStudiesisacoursein________．A．internationalpolitics B．internationalbusinessC．internationalbodies D．internationalrelationsD解析：细节理解题。根据课程一Aboutthecourse部分第一段第一句Thecoursefocusesonthecomplexrelationsbetweennationstates.可知，InternationalStudies课程的内容主要是关于国际关系的。故选D。2．AftertakingthecourseofInternationalStudies,thestudentswill________．A．becomepracticalandopen­mindedB．haveagreaterabilitytodiscusstheoriesC．knowwaystosettleproblemsbetweencountriesD．havegoodjobsinanyinternationalorganizationC解析：细节理解题。根据课程一Aboutthecourse部分第二段第二句Itprovidesstudentswithabetterknowledgeofwaystosolveinternationalproblems.可知，学完InternationalStudies这门课程后，学生可以学会解决国际问题的方法。故选C。3．EarthScience,asdescribedinthesecondtext，________．A．isattractivebecauseofthechanceforfieldworkB．paysmoreattentiontotheoriesthanpracticalskillsC．isbuiltonimportantcoursesandtheresultsofrecentstudiesD．encouragesstudentstoplayaroleinusingnaturalresourcesC解析：细节理解题。根据课程二Keyfeatures部分的Basedonkeycoursesandthelatestresearchfindings可知，EarthScience课程建立在重要的课程和近期的研究成果之上。故选C。4．Theabovetwotextsaremostprobablywrittenforthestudentswho________．A．arefirstyearcollegestudentsB．havenotyetchosentheircourseC．wanttostudyintheUKD．areinterestedinpracticalstudyabroadB解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章除了介绍两种课程的特点之外，还介绍了课程概述以及具体科目；由此可推知，本文应该是为了给还没有做出具体选择的学生提供参考。故选B。B(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试)Whilebeachvacationsmaybeagreatwaytotakeyourmindoffwork，lakessurroundedbymountainsmakeforanevengranderexperience.Ifyouarelookingforpeaceonyourvacation，wehavesomerecommendationsforyouintheCaucasus(高加索)．LakeSevanLakeSevanissituatedinthecentralpartofArmenia，intheGegharkunikProvince.ItisthelargestlakeinArmenia，located6，234ftabovesealevel.Alongthelakeshore，therearevariousaccommodationssuchasresortsandhotelswithplentyofactivitiestopartakesuchaswindsurfing，swimmingandsunbathing.Whilethere，donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery，anditoffersagreatviewofthelakeaswell.ParavaniLakeParavaniLake，located6，801ftabovesealevel，isinthesouthofGeorgia，neartheJavakhetiPlateau.Atthislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudesickness.Beingavolcaniclakemakesforamoreinterestingexperience.Thelakeisbestknownforfishing.Donotcomehomeduringthewintermonthswhenthelakefreezes.LakeCildirLakeCildirislocatedintheArdahanProvince，eastTurkey，neartheborderswithGeorgiaandArmenia.ItisalargefreshwaterlakeofeasternTurkey，andmanytouristsarenotawareofthisbeautifulattraction.LakeCildirissurroundedbymountainsoftheCaucasus.ThelakefreezesduringlateNovember.Ifthewinterisnotextremelycold，youcantrysomelakeactivitieslikeiceskatingandicefishing.LakeVanLakeVanisthemustvisitofalllakesinthislist，thelargestlakeinTurkey.LakeVanislocatedontheeasternshoreofTurkeyandisalsothemostaccessiblelakethere.It’ssituated5，380ftabovesealevel，anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了供人们度假的好去处——高加索地区的一些湖泊。5．Ifyouwanttovisitsomehistoricsitesduringyourtravelbyalake，youcangoto________．A．LakeCildir B．ParavaniLakeC．LakeSevan D．LakeVanC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery”可知，度假期间如果你想参观历史性建筑可以到LakeSevan。故选C。6．WhatisspecialaboutLakeVan?A．Itswaterishighinsalt.B．Itisavolcaniclake.C．Itisgloballythelargestlake.D．Itissurroundedbymountains.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent”可知，LakeVan的特色是湖水的盐度高。故选A。7．WhatchallengearetravelersmostlikelytofacewhilevisitingParavaniLake?A．Lackofmedicine.B．Volcanoeruptions.C．Altitudesickness.D．Lowtemperaturealltheyear.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Atthislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudesickness.”可知，在游览ParavaniLake时，游客们最有可能面临的挑战就是高原反应。故选C。C(2018·山西八校第一次联考)I’vebeenreallyluckythisyear.NotonlydidIhavetheopportunitytoliveinFrance,butIwasabletoseesomeothercountrieswithmygirlfriend.NowsheisstudyinginEssen,alargecityinWesternGermany.Irecentlywenttostaywithher—itwasmyfirstvisittoGermany!Essenisaverylargecity.IthasalltheconveniencesofanylargecitysoIfeltimmediatelyathome.Ilovedthevarietyofshops,restaurants,shoppingmalls,cocktailbars,nightclubs,parksandevenalake.Thereisalsoacity­widenetworkoftrams,whichmakesgettingaroundapieceofcake!Ifoundthepeopletobereallyfriendly,andmostGermansspeakverygoodEnglishwhichmadelifeeasyforme.IwassurprisedbythecasualattitudetoalcoholinGermany,whereitseemsnormalforpeopletodrinkbeeronthestreet,oronthetram.MygirlfriendandIvisitedtwofamouslocalcities，DüsseldorfandCologne,whicharebothontheRhineRiver.Düsseldorfisanurbanmetropoliswithagreatvarietyofrestaurants.WetookaboattourontheriverandwentuptheRhineTower,areallytallbuildingwhichoffersgreatviewsacrossthecity.Cologne,asyoumightknow,isworld­famousforitsperfumes.Thecathedralthereisanunmissablelandmark.Wemadetheefforttoclimbtothetopofoneofthecathedral’stowers.Thespiral(螺旋的)stairsseemedendless，butitwasworthwhilefortheimpressivesightsfromthetop.WealsowentinacablecarovertheriverandtastedaGermandelicacycalled“Spaghettieis”whichisicecreamwithstrawberrysauce!IalsogottotrythefamousGermansausage.Imustadmit,Ireallyenjoyedthefood!Theonlydisappointmentwasthegreyandrainyweather,whichprovesthatBritaindoesnothavetheworstweatherinEurope!【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象。8．Whydidthewriterfeelluckythisyear?A．HewillhaveachancetoliveinGermany.B．HemethisgirlfriendinFrancebychance.C．HegotanopportunityoflearninginGermany.D．HewasabletoliveinFranceandvisitothercountries.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“NotonlydidIhavetheopportunitytoliveinFrance，butIwasabletoseesomeothercountrieswithmygirlfriend.”可知，作者认为自己今年幸运是因为他不但有机会在法国生活，而且也能和女朋友一起参观几个其他的国家。故选D项。9．WhatdoDüsseldorfandColognehaveincommon?A．Theyarebothfamousforuniqueperfumes.B．TheybothservetraditionalGermansausage.C．Theybothhavemanytowerswithalonghistory.D．Theybothofferwonderfulviewsfromthetowertop.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Düsseldorf...wentuptheRhineTower,areallytallbuildingwhichoffersgreatviewsacrossthecity.”以及“Wemadetheefforttoclimbtothetopofoneofthecathedral’stowers...butitwasworthwhilefortheimpressivesightsfromthetop.”可知，两座城市都能让人从塔顶欣赏到美景。故选D项。10．Accordingtothewriter,whichcountryhastheworstweatherinEurope?A．Britain. B．Germany.C．France. D．Italy.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theonlydisappointmentwasthegreyandrainyweather,whichprovesthatBritaindoesnothavetheworstweatherinEurope！”可知，作者对德国阴沉、多雨的天气感到失望，并表示这证明了英国不是欧洲天气最糟的国家。由此可推知作者认为在欧洲天气最差的国家为德国。故选B项。11．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AnUnforgettableTripB．AGuidetoGermanyC．MyFirstVisittoGermanyD．ABriefIntroductionofGermanyC解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象，故C项最能概括文章的大意。D(2018·陕西部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveIencounteredacourteoushumanbeinginthismodernera.Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeinginacoffeeplace,withmytwodaughters.Theplacewascrowdedasusualandwehadtoclimbsteep(陡的)stairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewentdownthenarrowstairs,wheretherewashardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestairs,amanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase(楼梯).IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.IkeptcomingdownasfastasIcould.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedwalkingupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedback,thinkinghewasstillatthedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthroughbeforegoingup.Suchwellmanneredpeoplearehardtofindthesedayswhenpushingisverycommoninouradvancedbutaggressivesociety.Weapplaudedforhischivalry(彬彬有礼)．【解题导语】在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质。12．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“courtesy”inParagraph1?A．Abraveaction. B．Sacrificespirit.C．Aconsiderateaction. D．Selfishbehavior.C解析：词义猜测题。根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项。A项意为“勇敢的行为”；B项意为“牺牲精神”；D项意为“自私的行为”。13．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthemanatthefirstsightofhim?A．Hewasinahurry.B．Hewouldwaitforher.C．Hewouldpassherrudely.D．Hewasamanwithgoodmanners.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。14．Whydidtheauthor’sdaughtersworryabouther?A．Shewaseasytobenervous.B．Shetookuptoomuchspace.C．Shewastoooldtowalkfast.D．Shefocusedtoomuchontheman.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“knowingIwasanervoussort”可知，作者是一个很容易紧张的人，故选A项。15．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanfromParagraph4?A．Hemightbeawaiterofthecafé.B．Hemighthaveanurgentbusinesstodo.C．Helovedadaughteroftheauthor.D．Hewouldholdthedooropenforall.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对这个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五(2018·郑州高三质量预测)StudyLinksVideoGameUsetoProblemsinSchoolAnewstudywarnsthattoomuchtimespentplayingcomputergamescouldaffectachild’sperformanceatschool.1.________Theyshowthattoomanyhoursspentplayinggamescanreducestudents’chancesofsuccessinschool.Morethan600teenagersbetweentheagesof14and16tookpartintheresearchproject.2.________Itissaidtobethefirsteverlong­termstudyinNorthernIrelandontheinfluenceofinformationtechnologyonschooltestresults.Thestudyfoundthatteenagerswhoplayedcomputergameslessthanonceaweekweremoresuccessfulinschoolthanthosewhoplayedthemtwiceadayormore.41%ofthestudentswhousedgamingdevicestwoormoretimesadayreceivedpassinggradesonschoolexams.3._______Thestudyfoundthatsocialmediausedidnotaffectschoolperformance.CalineMcStravickisthedirectoroftheNationalChildren’sBureauNorthernIreland.Shesaysthestudyshowednoconnectionbetweensocialmediaandtestresults.“4.________Ithinkthat’smorebecausesocialmediaispartofeverychild’slife.It’sthewaytheycommunicate.It’sthewaytheykeepintouchwiththeirfriends.”Manyparentssaytheirchildrenarebecomingincreasinglydependentoncomputergames.Somehavecomparedgamingtoadrugaddiction.5.________Itsuggestedthatcomputergamescancausechildrentostayawakelateatnight.Lesssleepmakeschildrentiredandunabletopayattentioninschoolthenextday.A．However,thestudydidnotexploreaddiction.B．Thenewgamesaremuchdifferentfromolderones.C．Itwasclearthatsocialmediadidn’thaveanyeffect.D．Ittookplaceoveraperiodofthreeyearsfrom2013to2015.E．Thatcomparedwith77%ofthosewhorarelyplayedthegames.F．Drugaddictiondoesgreatharmtotheirhealthandperformanceatschool.G．Britain’sNationalChildren’sBureauNorthernIrelandreportedtheresultsofthestudy.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了孩子花费过多时间玩电脑游戏的危害。1．G解析：根据第一段的第一句“Anewstudywarnsthattoomuchtimespentplayingcomputergamescouldaffectachild’sperformanceatschool.”和空后的“Theyshowthattoomanyhours...”可知，这项新研究警告，花费过多时间玩电脑游戏会影响孩子们的在校表现；据此可以判断，空处是这一研究结论的来源，故G项切合题意。2．D解析：根据空后的一句“Itissaidtobethefirsteverlong­termstudy...results.”可知，空处介绍的是研究的时间，故D项正确。3．E解析：根据空前一句“41%ofthestudentswhousedgamingdevicestwoormoretimesadayreceivedpassinggradesonschoolexams.”可知选E，E项中的“77%”以及“compared”都表明是与空前一句的比较。4．C解析：根据空前一句“Shesaysthestudy...testresults.”可知，社交媒体与考试成绩之间没有联系，故选C，即“显然，社交媒体没有任何影响”，C项中的“socialmedia”与空前一句中的“socialmedia”相对应。5．A解析：空前一句说一些家长将玩电脑游戏与毒瘾进行了对比，根据空后内容可以判断，空处是一个承上启下句，与前文构成转折关系，故A项正确。课时练2知识运用板块练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)完形填空Theothereveningwehadaknockatthedoor.Itwasanew__1__whointroducedhimselfandhisboystous.Healso__2__ustoablockpartyasawaytoknowthepeopleintheneighborhoodaswellascelebratingthefirstanniversaryofhistwo__3__sonscomingtolivewithhim.We’velivedhereforalmostsixyearsand__4__hasevercometointroducethemselves.Isupposeweshouldhave__5__itontointroduceourselvestopeoplemovingin,butwehaven’t.Inmyopinion,ittooktheinitiative(首创)ofayoung__6__andhisadoptedsonstoshowmehowIcould__7__betterattentiontomyowncommunity.Wehavemany__8__friendsbutIhavetoadmitthatIhaven’tusuallybeentheonetodevelopthe__9__inmyownneighborhood.Thisexperience__10__meofoneofmyfavoritequotes,“WhenIwasayoungman,Iwantedtochangetheworld.Ifounditwas__11__tochangetheworld,soItriedtochangemynation.WhenIfoundIcouldn’tchangethenation,Ibeganto__12__mytown.Icouldn’tchangethetownandasa(n)__13__man,Itriedtochangemy__14__.Now,asanoldman,I__15__theonlythingIcanchangeismyself,and__16__IrealizethatiflongagoIhadchangedmyself,Icouldhavemadeanimpact(影响)onmyfamilyand__17__onmytown.TheimpactcouldhavechangedthenationandIcould__18__havechangedtheworld.”Forthoseofuswhowanttomakea(n)__19__intheworld,it’simportanttoremember“Thinkglobally,but__20__locally.”Forme,I’mgoingtomakeitapointtomeetmoreofmyneighbors—startingnow.【解题导语】新搬来的邻居主动上门作自我介绍，并邀请作者参加社区聚会，这让作者有了很多感慨。要想改变世界，首先要改变自己。作者决定从身边做起，多见一些邻居，关注自己的社区。1．A.stranger B．classmateC．beggar D．neighborD解析：根据下文的“asawaytoknowthepeopleintheneighborhood”及第二段中的“Isuppose...tointroduceourselvestopeoplemovingin”可知，敲门的是一个新邻居。故选D。2．A.invited B．commandedC．persuaded D．encouragedA解析：此处指邀请“我们”参加一个街区聚会。invite“邀请”；command“命令”；persuade“说服”；encourage“鼓励”。故选A。3．A.adopted B．acceptedC．adapted D．annoyedA解析：根据下文的“hisadoptedsons”可知，他要庆祝和他收养的儿子一起生活一周年。故选A。4．A.anyone B．someoneC．everyone D．nooneD解析：根据下文的“Isupposeweshouldhave...theinitiative(首创)ofayoung______andhisadoptedsons”可知，“我们”已经住在这里将近六年了，从没有人过来介绍他们自己。故选D。5．A.put B．madeC．taken D．turnedC解析：此处指“我们”本应承担向搬进来的人作自我介绍的责任。故选C。takeon“承担(责任)”。6．A.student B．manC．woman D．motherB解析：根据上文可知，新搬来的是一位男士和他收养的孩子们。故选B。7．A.draw B．loseC．pay D．offerC解析：此处指更好地关注“我”自己的社区。故选C。payattentionto“注意”。8．A.foreign B．localC．old D．richB解析：“我们”有许多当地的(local)朋友，但“我”不得不承认，“我”通常不会在“我”自己的街区发展友谊。故选B。9．A.trouble B．friendshipC．concern D．businessB解析：参见上题解析。故选B。10．A.reminded B．toldC．warned D．convincedA解析：remindsb.ofsth.“使某人想起某事”；tellsb.sth.“告诉某人某事”；warnsb.ofsth.“警告某人某事”；convincesb.ofsth.“使某人相信某事”。根据搭配首先排除B；这个经历使“我”想起了“我”最喜欢的引言之一。故选A。11．A.difficult B．easyC．interesting D．rightA解析：根据下文的“soItriedtochangemynation”可知，此处表示“我发现改变世界是很难的”。故选A。12．A.makeout B．concentrateonC．getinto D．refertoB解析：“当我发现不能改变国家时，我就开始致力于改变我所在的城镇”。makeout“辨认出，理解”；concentrateon“集中精力于”；getinto“开始参与”；referto“参考，提及”。故选B。13．A.smarter B．youngerC．older D．tallerC解析：上文讲述自己年轻时的想法，下文说自己作为一个老人的想法，以时间为序陈述。故选C。14．A.state B．familyC．town D．mindB解析：根据下文可知，“我意识到如果以前改变自己，就可以改变家庭、城镇、国家乃至世界”。故选B。15．A.explain B．forgetC．realize D．regretC解析：“如今，作为一名老人，我意识到唯一能改变的是自己”。故选C。16．A.happily B．suddenlyC．actually D．luckilyB解析：此处指突然间意识到。故选B。17．A.merely B．stillC．only D．evenD解析：此处表示递进关系。merely“仅仅”；still“仍然”；only“仅仅”；even“甚至”。故选D。18．A.indeed B．hardlyC．never D．seldomA解析：此处表示“我确实本来可以改变世界”，为肯定意义，排除B、C和D；indeed“确实，甚至”；hardly“几乎不”；never“从不”；seldom“很少，不常”。故选A。19．A.decision B．differenceC．apology D．mistakeB解析：此处指“那些想要对世界产生影响的人”。makeadecision“做决定”；makeadifference“有影响，起作用”；makeanapology“道歉”；makeamistake“出错”。故选B。20．A.behave B．actC．move D．operateB解析：该句表示“放眼全球，立足地方”，指可进行全球化思考，但要在当地采取行动。behave“举止，表现”；act“行动”；move“移动”；operate“操作”。故选B。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)语法填空IcanstillrecallthedaywhenIsatonthestairsofatempleinNepal.Thesquarebeforethetemple1.____________(become)verymuddyasaresultoftherain.Wehadtowalkonapathmadebyalineofbricksonthemuddyground.Afriendof2.____________(I)complainedallthewaywhileshesteppedonthebricks3.____________(walk)towardsme.Lookingaroundshesaidvery4.____________(patience),“Disgustingindeed!What5.____________Ifallintothedirtywater？”SinceIknewherverywell,Inoddedcautiously6.____________(comfort)herbymysilentsympathy.Afewminuteslateranotherfriendcame7.____________thesamescene.Shesteppedonthebrickpathdancingbrisklyandsinging,“Jump,jump,jump！”untilshereachedthedryground.Shecouldn’thelpshouting,“8.____________funitis！”Eyesbeamingwithjoy,shemadetheremarks,“Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecan9.____________(entire)befreefromdust.”Intheeyesofthetwothere10.____________(be)twodifferentworlds.Astheworldhasapopulationof7billion,itfollowsthatthereshouldbe7billionworlds.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆起在尼泊尔发生的一件事：两位朋友在面对雨后泥泞的道路时，看法完全不一样，一位为此而抱怨，一位则为此而欣喜。因此，不同的人眼中的世界是不同的。1．became/hadbecome解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可知，此处可用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；因为“道路变得泥泞”这一动作发生在“sat”之前，所以此处也可用过去完成时。故填became/hadbecome。2．mine解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，作者的一位朋友一路上一直在抱怨，此处应用I的名词性物主代词作介词“of”的宾语。故填mine。3．walking解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语“she”和动词walk之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处应用walk的现在分词形式作状语。故填walking。4．impatiently解析：考查词性转换。分析词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰动词“said”；根据语境可知，作者的那位朋友很不耐烦地抱怨着，故应用否定形式。故填impatiently。5．if解析：考查固定搭配。whatif是固定搭配，意为“如果……该怎么办”，符合语境。故填if。6．tocomfort解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，作者点头是为了安慰那位朋友，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填tocomfort。7．to解析：考查介词。句意：几分钟之后，作者的另一位朋友来到了同一个地方。cometo意为“来到(某地)”，符合语境。故填to。8．What解析：考查感叹句。根据句法结构可知，fun是不可数名词，所以此处应用what引导这个感叹句。故填What。注意首字母大写。9．entirely解析：考查副词。句意：在雨季，最令人高兴的是人们可以完全避开灰尘。此处修饰be动词，故用形容词entire的副词形式，故填entirely。10．were解析：考查主谓一致和动词的时态。纵观全文时态并结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时；therebe结构后的“twodifferentworlds”为复数概念，所以此处be动词应用一般过去时的复数形式。故填were。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·济南外国语模拟)California’sdogsurfingseasonbeginswiththeannualLoewsCoronadoBayResortSurfDogCompetition.Nowinits61.____________(five)year,thisfunevent,whichisheld62.____________(raise)moneyforpet­relatedcharities,hasattractedover60competitors.Thedogs63.____________(divide)intoweightclassesandthenjudgedonthe64.____________(long)ofride,confidenceandoverallability.Theyhavetenminutesandwillbescoredon65.____________toptwowaves.The$50—$5566.____________(compete)entrancefeewillbedonatedtothecanineunit(警犬部队),butthegeneraladmissiontowatchthedoggyriders67.____________(be)free.Four­year­oldrescuedogAbbieappearstobebenefiting68.____________theeventsherself.Herowner,MichaelUy,believessurfinghas69.____________(complete)turnedherbehavioraround.“Dogsurfingrequiresthedogtotrustyouinasport,70.____________isuniquetoallotherdogsports，”hesaid.“Thattypeofteamworkhashelpedtobuildupthegoodrelationshipwe’vebeenworkingonsinceIfirststartedtrainingher.”Besides,dogsurfersgainalotofattentionandglory.Manyofthedogshavewebsites，Facebookfanpagesandevensponsors.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国加州为宠物慈善举行的小狗冲浪比赛。61．fifth解析：考查数词。根据语境可知，此处指第五年，应用序数词。故填fifth。62．toraise解析：考查非谓语动词。从句中已经有谓语动词“isheld”，故raise只能使用其非谓语形式，分析句意可知，应该使用不定式表目的。故填toraise。63．aredivided解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，而且本句的主语是“dogs”，与divide之间是动宾关系，应该用被动语态。故填aredivided。64．length解析：考查词性转换。根据句意可知，the后要用long的名词形式。故填length。65．their解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填一个形容词性物主代词；再根据主语是they可知，应填their。66．competition解析：考查词性转换。根据对上下文的理解可知，本句所说的是50到55美元的参赛入场费，应用compete的名词形式。故填competition。67．is解析：考查主谓一致。根据句意可知，本句的主语是“thegeneraladmissiontowatchthedoggyriders”，admission在句中意为“允许进入”，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。68．from解析：考查固定搭配。benefitfrom是固定搭配，意为“从……中获益”。故填介词from。69．completely解析：考查词性转换。分析句子的意思可知，此处应用副词来修饰动词“turned”，应用complete的副词形式completely。70．which解析：考查定语从句引导词。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，指代前面整个句子的内容。故填which。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·济宁一模)DearRachel，I’msogladtohearofyou.Inyourletter，yousaidyouwereinteres