大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷46（共210题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷46（共9套）

（共210题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第1套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

TheEarllihasbeen5liippedofupto90%ufilbspeciesfivelimesbeforeinIliepast450

millionyears.Nowit'sabouttohappenagain-andthistimethere'snorogueasteroid（小

行星）toblame.Oneofthefirstgreatrulesofterrestrialbiologyisthatnospeciesis

forever.TheEarthhasgonethroughfivemajorextinctioneventsbefore.Theresultofall

oftheextinctionswasthesame:death,alotofit.Asincreasinglyacceptedtheorieshave

argued—andastheSciencepapersshow—wearenowinthemidstofthesixthgreat

extinction,theunsettlingly-namedAnthropocene（人类纪）,ortheageofthehumans.As

theauthorsofallthisloss,wearedoingournastyworkinalotofways.

Overexploitation——whichistosaykillinganimalsforfood,clothingorthesheerperverse

pleasureofit—playsabigrole.Sowegetelephantsskughtcrcdfortheirtusks,rhinos

poached（偷猎）fortheirhornsandtigersshotandskinnedfortheirpelts,untiloops—no

moreelephants,rhinosortigers.Habitatdestructionisanotherbigdriver,particularlyin

rainforests.Andyoudon'tevenhavetochoporburnanecosystemcompletelyawayto

threatenitsspecies;sometimesallittakesiscuttingafewroadsacrossitorbuildinga

fewfarmsorhomesinthewrongspots.Thentoothereisglobalwarming,whichmakes

once-hospitablchabitatstoohotordryorstormyforspeciesadaptedtodifferent

conditions.Finally,asTIME'SBryanWalshwroteinlastweek'scoverstory,thereai'e

invasivespecies——pestslikethegiantAfricansnail,thelionfish——whichhitcharideinto

anewecosystemonshipsorpackingmaterial,orarebroughtinaspets,andthen

reproducewildly,crowdingoutnativespecies.Itoughtn'ttolakeappealingtoourself­

interesttogetustoquitmakingsuchamessofwhatwe'reincreasinglycomingtolearn

isanexceedinglydestructibleworld.Butit'sthatveryself-interestthatledustomake

thatmessinthefirstplace.Wccaneitherstarttochangeourways,orwecankeepgoing

thewaywcare—atleastuntiltheAnthropoceneextinctionclaimsonefinalspecies:our

own.

1NThefirstsentenceinthefirstparagraphdoesn'tindicatethat.

A、thespeciesonearthhavedecreased90%now

B、thepast450millionyearshavewitnessedextinctionseveraltimes

C^everyextinctionhasa90%speciesdecrease

D、theearthhasexperiencedfivegreatextinction

标准答案：A

知识点解析:细节题。“TheEarthhasbeenstrippedofupto90%ofitsspeciesfive

timesbeforeinthepast450millionyears”意为在过去的4.5亿年中，地球曾经五次

损失了90%的生物。A中错在不是现在，而是在过去的4.5亿年。B、C、D都符

合文意。本题考察的是对成分复杂句子的解读。

2、Thesentence“thistimethere,snorogueasteroid（小行星）toblame**means.

A^peopleblamedasteroidsbecausetheyaretoonaughty

B、peoplefeelpityaboutnothavinganasteroidtoblame

C、theearthwillexperiencedanotherextinctionbecauseoftheasteroids

D^theasteroidsonceservedasthereasonofthepastextinction

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词汇题。文章前面一直在说之前的五次物种大灭绝，后面要引出的是

这一次的物种消亡。提到了"it'sabouttohappenagain”和“thistime”,可见之前的灭

亡原因是小行星。故选D。A、B都是字面意思，而C则意思相反。

3、Whatisfalseaboutthereasonsofgreatextinction?

A、Killingtheanimalsforfoodcausedtheextinction.

B、Somespeciesdiedoutprobablyjustbecauseofaroad.

C、Animalsaresensitivetonewenvironment.

D、Manyspeciesextinctbecauseofaclimatechange.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。全文都在讲述造成大灭绝的原因。A项出自

^overexploitation—whichistosaykilling,animalsforfood,clothingorthesheer

perversepleasureofit——playsabigrole",但是逻辑有误，以动物为食只是其中一

个原因，故选A。而B、C、D都可以在文中找到。

4、AccordingtotheBryanWaish'sview,whichstatementisNOTcorrect?

A、Thelocalspeciesextinctbecausetheecosystemistoocrowd.

B、Thenumberoftheinvasivespeciesincreaseseasily.

C>Theinvasivespeciesarefromotherplaces.

D、Theinvasivespecieskilledthelocalanimals,whichcausestheextinction.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。细节的位置在“therearcinvasivespecies...whichhitcharide

intoanewecosystemonshipsorpackingmaterial,orarebroughtinaspets,and

thenreproducewildly,crowdingoutnativespecies”，介绍了入侵物种的来源和危

害，都由船或包装物或作为宠物带来，迅速繁殖，进而挤走了本地生物。A、B、

C在句中都可以找出，D错在入侵物种不一定是吃掉了本地物种。

5、Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A^WhatCausesTheGreatExtinction?

TheSixthGreatExtinctionIsUnderway-AndWe'retoBlame

C、TheEndoftheAnthropocene

D、QuitSeekingSelf-interest

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。文章以之前的大灭绝开头，引入人类面临的大灭绝，在介绍

了造成灭绝的原因后，提出了倡议，不仅有客观，而且有对于人类前途的担忧和建

议。反观这几个题目，A只强调了客观原因，C项过于含糊，D项只提到了倡议，

只有B最为全面。

Adecadeago,theideathattheplanetwaswarmingupasaresultofhumanactivitywas

largelytheoretical.WeknewthatsincetheIndustrialRevolutionbeganinthe18th

century,factoriesandpowerplantsandautomobilesandfarmshavebeenloadingthe

atmospherewithheat-trappinggases,includingcarbondioxideandmethane（甲烷）.But

evidencethattheclimatewasactuallygettinghotterwasstillmurky.Notanymore.Asan

authoritativereportissuedafewweeksagobytheUnitedNations-sponsored

IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangemakesplain,thetrendtowardawarmer

worldhasunquestionablybegun.Worldwidetemperatureshaveclimbedmorethan0.5℃

overthepastcentury,andthe1990swerethehottestdecadeonrecord.Afteranalyzing

datagoingbackatleasttwodecadesoneverythingfromairandoceantemperaturesio

thespreadandretreatofwildlife,theIPCCassertsthatthisslowbutsteadywarminghas

hadanimpactonnofewerthan420physicalprocessesandanimalsandplantspeciesin

allcountries.Glaciers（冰川），includingthelegendarysnowsofKilimanjaro,are

disappearingfrommountaintopsaroundtheglobe.Coralreefsaredyingoffastheseas

gettoowarmforcomfort.DroughtisthenorminpartsofAsianandAfrica.ElNinopE

尔尼诺）events,whichtriggerdevastatingweatherintheeasternPacific,arcmore

frequent.TheArcticpermafrost（永久冻.上带）isstartingtomelt.Lakesandriversin

colderclimatesarefreezinglaterandthawingearliereachyear.Plantsandanimalsare

shiftingtheirrangespole-wardandtohigheraltitudes,andmigrationpatternsforanimals

asdiverseaspolarbears,butterfliesandbelugawhalesarebeingdisrupted.

6、Theproblemofglobalwarming.

A、hasbeenpredictedsincetheIndustrialRevolutionbegan

B、wasnoticed10yearsagoasarealisticthreat

CNhasnothingtodowithhumanactivity

D、wastheoretical10yearsagobutisnotnow

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。本题的定位在“Adecadeago，theideathattheplanetwas

warmingupasaresultofhumanactivitywaslargelyiheorelical",**butevidencethatthe

climatewasactuallygettinghotterwasstillmurky...notanymore”即十年前.这种观点

只是理论上的，证据是模糊的，而现在再不是了。故选D。

7、AccordingtotheUnitedNations-sponsoredIntergovernmentalPanelonClimate

Change,.

A^itisdoubtfulthatworldwideglobalwarminghasbegun

B、peopleshouldnotshowconcernaboutglobalwarming

C、itisobviousthattheworldhasstartedgettingwarmerandwarmer

D、weshouldcarryoutmoreresearchtoprovetheeffectsofglobalwarming

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。由文中“thetrendtowardawarmerworldhas

unquestionablybegun”.可见该机构的人员认为这种变暖毫无疑问已经开始了。A、

B不符合文意，D没有提及。故选C正确。

8、Temperaturesallovertheworld.

A^rose5℃inthe1990s

B、werethehighestin1990s

C、arerecordedonfiletoresearchglobalwarming

D^eitherincreaseordecreasedependingonthelocation

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。定位为"worldwidetemperatureshaveclimbedmorethan

0.5°Coverthepastcentury,andthe1990swerethehottestdecadeonrecord,,»即在过

去的一世纪中，世界气温上涨了0.5℃,而20世纪90年代是史上最热的卜年。A

项错误，C和D项没有提及。

9、WhathashappenedinpartsofAsianandAfrica?

A、Theabnormalweathermakesanimalsmovetootherareas.

Thesurfaceoftheseahasrisenoverthepastcentury.

C、Thesummercomesearlier,andthehotweatherlastslonger.

D、Thelandisgettingdrier,andthatmakescropseasytogrow.

标准答案：A'''

知识点解析：细节题。于亚洲和非洲的描述在文章的最后一段。提到了干旱，永久

冻土带正在消融，河水和湖水的冰冻时间推后，日渐消融，植物和动物都不断向高

海拔移动，动物的迁徙被打乱等等。B、C、D都没有提及，故选A,动物正向别

处搬家正确。

10、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A^LifeintheGreenhouse

B、HowDocsOurPlanetGetWarmer?

C、WeAreMakingtheWorldWarmer

D^EverythingIsMelting

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨题。文章主要是在介绍全球变暖对于地球上生物生活的影响，并

没有介绍变暖的原因和责备人类造成了气候变暖，故B和C错误。D项过于偏

颇。故选A。

Childrenwhospendmorethantwohoursadayatacomputerorwatchingtelevisionare

morelikelythanotherstohavementalproblems,scientistssay.Researchersfoundthat

11-year-oldswhospentseveralhoursinfrontofascreeneachdaydidworseonmental

healthtests,nomatterhowmuchphysicalexercisetheygot.TheUniversityofBristol

study,publishedinPediatrics,involvedmorethan1,000childrenagedabout10.They

alsohadthekidsfilloutquestionnairesdesignedtogaugethekids'emotionalwell-being

andbehavior.Thequestionnairescontained20questionscoveringfivesections一

emotionaldifficulties,conductproblems,hyperactivityorinattention,friendshipsand

peergroupsandproblemsrelatingtofriendsandpeergroups.Thestudyfoundnodirect

evidencethatsittinginfrontofascreenactuallycausesmentalhealthproblems.Instead,

itsuggeststhatchildrenwithdifficulties,suchasextremeshyness,aremorelikelyto

chooseTVorcomputergamesthansociableactivities.Inthestudy,childrenwereasked

whethertheyagreed,disagreedorsomewhatagreewithalistofstatements,including,"I

generallyplayaloneorkeeptomyselfand,"Iamoftenunhappyortearful0.Theywere

alsoaskedhowmuchexercisetheytookandhowlongtheyspentataTVorcomputer

screen.Accordingtothestudy,childrenwhospentmorethantwohoursadayatascreen

hada60%higherriskofmentalproblemsthanchildrenwhospentfewerviewinghours.

Theriskwasonlyslightlyhigherinchildrenwhodidlittleornoexercise."Physical

activityisgoodfbrhealthinmanyways,butitcan'tmakeupforlonghoursofscreen

viewing.Parentsshouldconsiderlimitingtheirchildren'sscreenviewingtonomorethan

2hoursaday/saidthestudyorganizer,AngiePage.Previousstudieshaveraised

concernsthatwatchingtoomuchtelevisioncanaffectchildren'sbehaviorinlaterlife.A

CanadianstudyfoundthatthosewhowatchedmostTVasyoungchildrenperformed

worseatschool,atemorejunkfoodandhadmoretroubleconcentrating.

11、WhatinformationcanwegetabouttheUniversityofBristolstudy?

A、Theresultsofithavebeenpublished.

B、Allkidswhotakepartinthestudyhadaninterview.

C、Thequestionnairesofitcontainedfivequestions.

D、Itwasdonebyanelementaryschool.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。"TheUniversityofBristolstudy,publishedinPediatrics...had

thekidsfilloutquestionnaires"和l"thequestionnairescontained20questionscovering

fivesections,\由此可见A正确，C知D错误。B则全文都没有提及。

12、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

ANItdescribesthereasonspeoplewatchtelevision.

Itreportsthefindingsofascientificstudy.

C^Itdiscusseswaystoimprovechildren5sphysicalhealth.

D、Itadvisesparentsonraisingtheirchildren.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。本文全文都在围绕着这项研究展开，包括研究的背景，方

法，结果和推论。而作者一直都非常客观地描述着这项研究。故选B正确。

13、Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?

A、Byreviewingchildren'srecordsonline.

B、Byinterviewingchildren'sparents.

C^Bywatchingchildrenintheirhome.

D、Byaskingchildrenquestions.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:细节题。“TheUniversityofBristolstudy,publishedinPediatrics,

involvedmorethan1,000childrenagedabout10.Theyalsohadthekidsfillout

questionnairesdesignedtogaugethekids'emotionalwell-beingandbehavior、'。可见研

究的方法是通过调查问卷的方式，故选D正确。

14、Whichofthechildrenbehaviorbelowleadstothehighestriskofthemental

problems,accordingtotheUniversityofBristolstudy?

A^Playingcomputereveryday.

B、WatchingTV3hoursperday.

C、Doingfewphysicalactivities.

D^Owningfewfriends.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。第五段中提到孩子们每天看电视时间或者用电脑时间超过两

小时会导致心理问题的增加，故B正确。A项没有说到玩电脑的时间，如果不超

过两个小时，也不会增加风险。从“physicalactivityisgoodfbrhealthinmany

ways,butitcan'tmakeupfbrlonghoursofscreenviewing'冲可以看出体育活动并不

会缓解看屏幕时间长带来的危害，故C错误。D项文中没有提及。

15、Howcanchildrenimprovementalhealthaccordingtothepassage?

A、BylimitingTVandcomputerusetolessthantwohoursaday.

B、Bygettingmorephysicalexercise.

C、Byplayingmoreeducationalcomputergames.

D^Bygoingtobedearliereachnight.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章的主要观点是过久地看屏幕可以导致儿童心理问题。而

这种危害是其他活动是弥补不了的。故选A正确。

MillionsofAmericanslieawakeatnightcountingsheep,orhaveastiffdrinkorpopan

allergypill,hopingitwillmakethemdrowsy.Butexpertsagreeallthatself-medicatingis

abadidea,andthecausesofchronicinsomniaremainmysterious.Almostathirdof

adultshavetroublesleeping,andabout10percenthavesymptomsofdaytimeimpairment

thatsignaltrueinsomnia.Sufferersreadilycitetheresultingproblems:walkingaroundin

afog,asmemoryandothercognitivefunctionsslowly.Dozingoffatthewheeloral

work.Depression.Lackofenergy.Butfbrallthecomplaints,scientistsknowsurprisingly

littleaboutwhatcauseschronicinsomnia,itshealthconsequencesandhowbesttotreat

it,apanelofspecialistsbroughttogetherbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthconcluded

Wednesday.Twothingsareclear,thepanelfound:Chronicinsomniaisamajorpublic

healthproblem.Andtoomanypeopleareusingunproventherapies,evenwhilethereare

afewtreatmentsthatdowork.Amongthepanel'sfindings:Cognitive/behavioral

therapy—apsychology-basedtreatmentthattrainspeopletoreduceanxietyandtake

othersleep-promotingsteps—isveryeffective,anddoesn'tcausesideeffects.Butitcan

behardtofindhealthproviderstrainedinthetechniques.Insomniacsshouldcheckwith

board-certifiedsleepspecialistsandpsychologists.Nev/erprescriptionsleeppillscalled

Sonata,AmbienandLunestaworkwithoutmanyoftheside-effectconcernsofolder

agentsknownasbenzodiazepines（苯二氮类镇静药）.OnestudyofLunestashowed

effectivenesswithsixmonthsofuse,butmoreresearchonlong-termuseofallthreeis

needed,aschronicinsomniacanlingerforyears.Themostcommonlyusedtreatments

arealcoholandover-the-countersedatingantihistamines（抗组胺剂）likeBenadryl.

Alcoholuseactuallydisruptsqualitysleep,andantihistaminescancauselingering

daytimesedationandothercognitiveproblems.Themostcommonprescriptioninsomnia

medicineisanolder,sedatingantidepressantcalledtrazodone,eventhoughthere'sno

goodevidencethatitoffersmorethanatwo-wcckbenefit,anditcomeswithsideeffects.

16、Oneofmosteffectivewaystodealwithchoricinsomniais.

A、tohaveastiffdrink

B>topopanallergypill

C、tosleepandgetupearly

D、Cognitive/behavioraltherapy

标准答案；D

知识点解析：细节题。细节定位在第四段，^Cognitive/behavioraltherapy-

apsychology-basedtreatrnentthattrainspeopletoreduceanxietyandtakeothersleep­

promotingsteps—isveryeffective”，这种方式非常有效，故D正确。而A、B爰文

章开头都被作者否定T，“expertsagreeallthatself-medicatingisabadidea”。而C文

章没有提及。

17、WhichofthefollowingsymptomsdoesNOTbelongtoinsomnia?

A、Walkingaroundinafog.

B、Lackofenergy.

C、Napirregularly.

D、Cognitivefunctionsloss.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章的第二段详细地描述了成年人失眠的症状：走路晃悠如

在梦中，记忆和认知功能缓慢，在开车和工作中打盹，没有力气等。A、B、C都

有所提及。但是D意为“认知功能缺失”，和原文表述不相同。这里应该注意选项

和原文的细微区别。

18、TheNationalInstitutesofHealthfoundthat.

A^unproventherapiesarecommonlyusedbypeople

B、chronicinsomniaisjustaminorhealthyproblem

C、thesideeffectsofcognitive/behavioraltherapydeserveourattention

D、dietarysupplementscanbeintroducedtoinsomniasufferers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。该细节在第三段，“Chronicinsomniaisamajorpublic

healthproblem.Andtoomanypeopleareusingunproventherapies,evenwhilethere

arcafewtreatmentsthatdowork”,即慢性失眠是一人事关公众身体健康的大问题；

尽管目前有一些行之有效的治疗方法，还是有不少人使用未经验证的疗法。应该注

意这里说的是该机构的研究发现，不是文章中的所有发现，B、C、D都没有提

及，故选A。

19、"over-the-counter"inLinel,Para.6means.

A、non-prescriptional

B>counterottering

C、cheapandeasy-to-gei

D、illegal

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词汇题。over意为“在……之上”，counter意为“柜台”。看选项时，A

项提醒我们药分为处方药和非处方药.而。verthecounter非常形象地描述了非处方

药的销售方法，即直接在柜台上销售。此外，C、D都与语境相距甚远，B过于字

面，用排除法可以选出A.

20、Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.

A、unprovenmedicinescannottreatchronicinsomniaatall

B、insomniasufferershavefoundcurablemedicines

C>sleepspecialistsandpsychologistscannotbetrusted

D、chronicinsomniastil'bafflessleepexperts

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。对于A,文中涉及unprovenmedicines的只有“toomany

peopleareusingunproventherapies,evenwhilethereareafewtreatmentsthatdo

work”.而A没有被提及。B中说失眠者已经找到了可医治的药物，而文中说太多

的人们都在用没有经过脸证的治疗方法.敌人们实际卜没有找到°C项在文中没有

提及。由“scientistsknowsurprisinglylittleaboutwhatcauseschronicinsomnia,its

healthconsequencesandhowbesttotreatit”可知D项正确。

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第2套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,but

whenitcomestoniycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolI

wantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaims

wouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationand

lotsofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat'snotwhat1did.1chosetostudy

engineeringatasmallliberal-arts（文科）universitythatdoesn'tevenofferamajorin

electricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformore

noblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityanda

valuesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvision

byinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,

teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswise

andmaturebeyondmy18years,and1believedthem.Iheadedofftocollegesure1was

goingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering"factories"

wheretheydidn'tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacomplete

engineertechnicalgeniusandsensitivehumanist（人文学者）allinone.NowI'mnotso

sure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleideals

eventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineering

courseswilhliberalartscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineering

studentstrytoreconcile（协调）engineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.The

realitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthat

engineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon'tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.

Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.

Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.

1、Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe

A、intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals

B、wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationality

C>intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

D、wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据文中第2段第3、4句的具体说明以及第3段末句

的概括说明“我将成为个完整的工程师：集理性的技术天才和感性的人文学者丁

一体。”可知C正确。

2、Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,

engineeringstudentscan.

A、broadentheirhorizons

becomenobleidealists

C>receiveguidanceintheircareers

D、balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实推理题。由文章第2段第4句“我想通过与非理工科的同学的相

互交往来开阔我的视野”，可推断出A正确。其他均无原文依据或断章取义。

3、Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected.

A、tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim

B>tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

C>tohaveanexcellentacademicrecord

D^tobewiseandmature

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实推理题。第3段最后一句说，“我将成为一个完整的工程师：集

技术天才和人文学者于一体“，B"成为视野宽阔的技术天才”与原文相符，故选B。

A、C、D均无原文支持或断章取义。

4、Theauthor'sexperienceshowsthathewas.

A^creative

B、irrational

C^ambitious

D、unrealistic

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实推理题。根据第4段第2句“我的崇高理想与现实发生了冲突”，

以及下文对于作者在协调文理科之间的困难可知，原文的想法是不现实的，故可推

断D正确。

5、Theword"they"in"togethertheythreatentoconfuse.'1(Line3,Para,5)refersto

A、practicalityandrationality

engineeringandtheliberalarts

C^realityandnobleideals

D、flexibilityandavaluesystem

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词义理解题。they一般指代前一句话中的复数名词，根据最后一段的

第1、2句”…engineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon'tmixaseasily...togethertlicy

threatentoconfiise”可以推断，they指的是engineeringandtheliberalarts。

TheNationalTrustinBritainplaysanincreasinglyimportantpartinthepreservationfor

publicenjoymentofthebestthatisleftunspoiledoftheBritishcountryside.Althoughthe

TrusthasreceivedpracticalandmoralsupportfromtheGovernment,itisnotarich

Governmentdepartment.Itisacharitywhichdependsforitsexistenceonvoluntary

supportfrommembersofthepublic.Theattentionofthepublicwasfirstdrawntothe

dangersthreateningthegreatoldhousesandcastlesofBritainbythedeathofLord

Lothian,wholefthisgreatseventeenth-centuryhousetotheTrusttogetherwiththe

4,500-acreparkandestatesurroundingit.Thisgiftattractedwidepublicityandstarted

theTrust's"CountryHouseScheme".Underthisscheme,withthehelpofthe

Governmentandthegeneralpublic,theTrusthasbeenabletosaveandopentothe

publicaboutonehundredandfiftyoftheseoldhouses.Lastyearaboutoneandthree

quartersofamillionpeoplepaidtovisitthesehistorichouses,usuallyataverysmall

charge.InadditiontocountryhousesandopenspacestheTrustnowownssome

examplesofancientwindandwatermills,naturereserves,fivehundredandfortyfarms

andnearlytwothousandfivehundredcottagesorsmallvillagehouses,aswellassome

completevillages.Inthesevillagesnooneisallowedtobuild,developordisturbtheold

villageenvironmentinanywayandallthehousesarcmaintainedintheiroriginal

sixteenth-centurystyle.Overfourhundredthousandacresofcoastline,woodland,and

hillcountryareprotectedbytheTrustandnodevelopmentordisturbancesofanykind

arepermitted.Thepublichasfreeaccesstotheseareasandisonlyaskedtorespectthe

peace,beautyandwildlife.SoitisthatoverthepasteightyyearstheTrusthasbecomea

bigandimportantorganizationandanessentialandrespectedpartofnationallife,

preservingallthatisofgreatnaturalbeautyandofhistoricalsignificancenotonlyfor

futuregenerationsofBritonsbutalsoforthemillionsoftouristswhoeachyearinvade

Britaininsearchofagreathistoricandculturalheritage.

6、TheNationalTrustis.

A^arichgovernmentdepartment

B、acharitysupportedmainlybythepublic

C、agroupofareasofgreatnaturalbeauty

D^anorganizationsupportedbypublictaxes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。从文章第1段末句可找到答案。选项A显然与原文意

思相反，选项C和D则无原文依据。

7、The"CountryHouseScheme"wasstarted.

A^withthefoundingoftheNationalTrust

B、asthefirstprojectoftheNationalTrust

C、afterLordLothian'sdonation

D^toprotectLordLothian'shouse

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。第2段第2句表明洛锡安勋爵捐赠了他的房产后，这个

计划才启动起来，因此选项C正确，也由此可以否定选项A。根据第2段最后两

句可知这个计划是为了保护具有历史价值的房子，而不仅仅是为了保护洛锡安勋爵

的房子，因此选项D不对.

8、LandprotectedbytheNationalTrust.

A^canbedevelopedandmodernized

B、includesnaturallyandhistoricallyvaluablesites

C^consistsofcountryhousesandnaturereserves

D、isprimarilyfortouriststoBritain

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。最后一段从preserving开始的部分指出了本题的答案。

第3段倒数第2句所说的"nodevelopmentordisturbancesofanykindarcpermitted”可

帮助排除选项A；选项C内容不完整；选项D中的限制词primarily使用不妥，无

原文依据。

9、Theword"invade"inthelastparagraphisusedtoemphasizethat.

A、theBritishdonotliketourists

B>touriststoBritainareunfriendly

C>touristscometoBritaininlargenumbers

D^Britainisattackedbymassesoftourists

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词义推断题。由invade所在的句子"forthemillionsoftouristswho

eachyearinvade...”可知这是托管会保护自然美景和历史胜地的原因所在。从而可

以推断出invade强调来英国游玩的游客之多，因此选项C为正确答案。

10、Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.

A、informthereadersabouttheNational1rust

B、promotetheNationalTrust'smembership

C、makepeopleawareofthenaturalbeautyofBritain

D、letthegeneralpublicsharetheviewsoftheNationalTrust

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可发现theNationalTrust和theTrust在文章开

头以及文中反复出现，文章是一篇说明文，主要目的是介绍theNationalTrust的机

构性质及其功能，因此选项A正确。文章未讨论托管会的成员问题，因此选项B

不正确。最后两段虽然提到英国的自然景色很美，但这并非文章的主题思想，因此

选项C不对。本题最具干扰性的是选项D,但是本文并不是一篇议论文，其目的

不是让读者认同其中的观点，文章更多的是用说明性的语言来说明托管会的一些做

法。

Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton.Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsin

languagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesareunique-aspeechofthehand.They

offeranewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage,andthrow

newlightonanoldscientificcontroversy:whetherlanguage,completewithgrammar,is

somethingthatwearebornwith,orwhetheritisalearnedbehavior.Thecurrentinterest

insignlanguagehasrootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacheratGallaudet

UniversityinWashington,D.C.,theworld'sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople.

WhenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish,theschoolenrolledhiminacourse

insigning.ButStokoenoticedsomethingodd:amongthemselves,studentssigned

differentlyfromhisclassroomteacher.Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgesturalcode,

eachmovementofthehandsrepresentingawordinEnglish.Atthetime,AmericanSign

Language（ASL）wasthoughttobenomorethanaformofpidginEnglish（混杂英语）.

ButStokoebelievedthe"handtalk"hisstudentsusedlookedricher.Hewondered:Might

deafpeopleactuallyhaveagenuinelanguage?Andcouldthatlanguagebeunlikeany

otheronEarth?Itwas1955,whenevendea