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上海市浦东新区2022-2023学年高一下学期英语期中试卷姓名:__________班级:__________考号:__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、GrammarandVocabularyAfterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Globalshiftto2DbarcodesZhejiangprovinceisleadingChinaandtheworldintoaneweraoftwo-dimensional(2D)barcodesandpavingthewayforthedevelopmentofglobaldigitaltraderules,saidRenauddeBarbuat,CEOofGS1,aninternationalnonprofitandstandardsorganizationwhichassignsuniquenumbersforbarcodesonproducts.Firstusedona10-packgumatasupermarketintheUnitedStatesin1974,theGS1barcodeshavetransformedtheretailindustry(零售业),withstores1.(be)abletotracktheirproductseasilyandaccurately.However,2.(notcarry)moreinformation,thesebarcodeshavebeenupgradedinto2Dfortheneedsofmodern,digitalcommerce.Fortoday'sshoppers,a2Dbarcodeis3.(flexible)andefficientbecauseitcanstoreextrainformation.Forexample,consumer4.wanttoknowthemanufacturingandsell-bydatesofproductsortheiringredientsusingsmartphones,andthat'swhya2Dbarcodecomes.In2020,GS1introducedthe"GlobalMigrationto2D"initiative5.(improve)supplychainefficiencyandenhanceconsumerengagement.InMarch2021,Zhejiangfirstpromoted2Dcodesinthefoodindustry.6.a"safetytraceabilitysystem"isrequiredbylaw.Thecodeshaveincludedbothregularinformation,usually7.(see)onpackaging,andalsofeaturessuchascustomerserviceandtestreports.AtZhejiangdemonstrationarea,majorbreakthroughs8.(make)instandards,technologyandpatents,makingtheprovinceamodelcase9.othersacrosstheglobetofollow.Aswe10.(enter)thenextphaseofthepilotproject(试点项目),morebusinessesfromotherindustriesandmoreinternationalpartnersareexpectedtojoin.Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.strugglingB.focusedC.threatenedD.releaseE.predictF.alarmingG.maintainedH.dramaticallyI.approachesJ.concernedK.entirelyTheFutureofPublishing:E-publishordie?TheiPadanditskindarebothgoodandbadforbookpublishers.Likemanyotherpartsofthemediaindustry,publishingisbeing11.reshapedbythegrowthoftheInternet.Foryears,e-bookshave12.tocutsalesoftheold-fashionedkind.Inresponse,publishersaretryingtosupporttheirtraditionalbusinesswhilepreparingforafutureinwhiche-bookswillrepresentamuchbiggerchunkofsales.Forsometime,publishershaveoperateda"wholesale"pricingmodelwithAmazon.ThishasenabledAmazontosetthepriceofmanynewe-booksat$9.99.Amazonhas13.priceslowinordertoboostdemandforitsKindle.However,publishersare14.thatthismaymakeconsumersexpectlowerpricesforallkindsofbooks.Andtheyworrythedownwardtrendwillfurthercuttheirthinmarginsandmake15.bricks-and-mortarbooksellers(实体书商)suffermore.Someintheindustryeven16.thatpublisherswillsufferasimilarfatetothatofmusiccompanies,whosefortunesdisappearedwhensongscanbecheaplysoldonline.Thisisparticularly17.forpublishersbecausedigitalmarginsarealmostasthinasprintones.Somepublisherstrydelayingthe18.ofelectronicversionsofnewbooksformonthsaftertheprintlaunchtoincreaseprintsales.Somearestartingtobuildtheirownonlinetargetreadergroups.Sourcebooks,amedium-sizedpublisherthathasdevelopedanonlinegroup19.onpoetry,foundthatbooksalesroseby50%afterpoemshadfeaturedonthesite.Thepublishingfirmsthatsurvivethetoughtransitionwillbethosewhouseflexible20.andlearnquicklytothink.Notallofthemcanturnthatparticularpagesuccessfully.二、ReadingComprehensionsForeachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.DoyouprefertowatchTVorlistentotheradio?Therewasatimewhensomepeoplethoughtmovingpicturessentoutliveintoourhouseswouldmeanthe21.oftuningintotheradioforentertainmentandinformation.Butradio22.anddevelopedquickly.Andnow,despitethedevelopmentincomplicatedsmartphonesofferinghigh-definitionpictures,thepopularityofpodcasts(播客)isrising.Perhapsthe23.inpodcastingisnotsurprising-itoffersadigitalaudiofilethatcanbedownloadedandstoredforlisteningatanytime.24.,itcanalsobestreamed(在线收听)fromtheinternetandplayedonacomputerorMP3player.Andit'snotjustbroadcasters,liketheBBC,whoare25.podcasts;nowcommercialbroadcasters,individualsandcompanieswithnoconnectiontobroadcastingaremakingthem.26.,anyonewithsomethingtosay,andafewpoundstospendontheequipment,cangetinvolved.Butwheredidthis27.formakingportableaudioprogrammeslikepodcastsbegin?JournalistBenHammersleytoldtheBBCthattwochangesgreatly28.themarket-onetechnicalandonecultural.In2012,ApplereleasedtheiPhonepodcastapp,followedbyagreatimprovementininexpensiverecordingandeditingequipment.Finally,thedevelopmentof4Gmobilephoneconnectionsand29.wi-fimeantlistenerscouldbrowse,downloadorstreamshowswheneverandwherevertheywanted.Technologicaldevelopmenthasdrivenmanychangesinour30.consumptionhabits.Buthowevergoodthetechmaybe,therestillneedstobesomethingworthwatchingorlisteningto.Theculturalbreakthroughcamein2014withaveryspecificpodcast,Serial,apieceofnon-fictioninvestigativejournalism.Ittellsanon-fictionstoryovermultipleepisodes(集)which31.people'simagination.Todate,thefirstandsecondseasonsoftheshowhavehadmorethan340million32..Advertiserssoonrealisedthemoney-makingpotentialofthisandothersuccessfulpodcasts.Andwherethe33.goes,themoneyfollows.Nowtherearepodcastsaboutanythingandeverything,eventheeducationalcontreamthatBBCLearningEnglishoffers!Andtheseauraltreats(听觉享受)are34.onawiderangeofplatforms.Audiencesareveryspecific,whichcanhelpadvertisers35.whattheywanttopromote.Andifthereisn'tapodcasttosuityourinterests,youcannoweasilymakeanddistributethem--andbecomeyourveryownbroadcaster.21.A.chance B.extent C.end D.value22.A.survived B.approached C.functioned D.benefited23.A.balance B.growth C.theme D.range24.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Instead25.A.monitoring B.producing C.advertising D.applying26.A.Forinstance B.Inadvance C.Bycontrast D.Infact27.A.technology B.trend C.exchange D.permit28.A.affected B.regulated C.challenged D.divided29.A.newborn B.widespread C.academic D.costly30.A.power B.economy C.media D.educating31.A.confirmed B.spotted C.analyzed D.attracted32.A.editions B.lines C.downloads D.character33.A.content B.audience C.platform D.civilization34.A.changeable B.measurable C.memorable D.available35.A.target B.conduct C.preserve D.illustrate三、Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ReadingComprehensionsAsastudentabsorbedinthestoryofchemistry,WilliamPerkinsucceededinenteringRoyalCollegeofChemistryin1853,attheageof15.AtthetimeofPerkin'senrolment,thecollegewasheadedbythefamousGermanchemistAugustHofmann.Perkin'sscientificgiftssooncaughtHofmann'sattentionand,withintwoyears,hebecameHofmann'syoungestassistant.Notlongafterthat,Perkinmadethescientificbreakthroughthatwouldbringhimbothfameandfortune.Duringhisvacationin1856,Perkinspenthistimeinthelaboratoryonthetopfloorofhisfamily'shouse,attemptingtoproducequinine,theonlyworkablemedicaltreatmentformalaria(疟疾)atthattime.Despitehisbestefforts,however,hedidnotendupwithquinine.Instead,heproducedamysteriousdarksludge(淤渣).Luckily,Perkin'sscientifictrainingandnatureinspiredhimtoinvestigatethesubstancefurtherandhefinallyproducedadeeppurplesolution(溶液).Perkinsawthepotentialofhisunexpectedfind.Historically,textiledyes(染料)weremadefromsuchnaturalsourcesasplantsandanimals.Thepurplecolourobtainedfromasnail(蜗牛)wasoncesoexpensivethatinsocietyatthetimeonlytherichcouldaffordit.ItwasagainstthisbackdropthatPerkin'sdiscoverywasmade.Perkinquicklygraspedthathispurplesolutioncouldbeusedtocolourcloth,thusmakingittheworld'sfirstsyntheticdye.Realisingtheimportanceofthisbreakthrough,helostnotimeinpatenting(申请专利)it.HeaskedadviceofScottishdyeworksownerRobertPullar,whoassuredhimthatproducingthedyewouldbewellworthitifthecolourremainedfast(i.e.wouldnotdisappeargradually)andthecostwasrelativelylow.So,inspiteofthefierceobjectionsofhismentorHofmann,heleftcollegetogivebirthtothemodernchemicalindustry.ThecompanyreceivedacommercialboostfromtheEmpressEugenieofFrance,whenshedecidedthenewcolouramazedher.AlthoughPerkin'sfamewasachievedandfortuneassuredbyhisfirstdiscovery,thechemistcontinuedhisresearch.Artificialdyescontinuetoplayacrucialroletoday.And,inwhatwouldhavebeenparticularlypleasingtoPerkin,theircurrentuseisinthesearchforavaccineagainstmalaria.36.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutHofmann?A.Perkin'senrolmentowedalottohispresence.B.Perkin'sachievementmadehimrichandfamous.C.HeappreciatedPerkin'stalentasayoungchemist.D.Hefailedtomanufacturethedrugagainstmalaria.37.RegardingPerkin'sdeeppurplesolution,itcanbeinferredthat_________.A.itwastooexpensivetobeaffordedbyordinarypeopleB.itwastheonlysolutiontoaninfectiousdiseaseatthattimeC.peoplehadnoaccesstopurplebeforeitsintentionbyPerkinD.Perkincouldn'thaveachieveditwithoutexperienceatcollege38.Theunderlinedword"backdrop"inparagraph3isclosestto_________.A.background B.downfall C.backup D.challenge39.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WilliamPerkin,thepioneerofartificialdyesB.WilliamPerkin,thefatherofmodernchemistryC.WilliamPerkin,thefighteragainstmalariaD.WilliamPerkin,thetalentinfashiondesignReadthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Theabsenceofworkablewomanrolemodelsfurtherdrivestheirunder-representation.B.Thecampinspiredmeintheworldoftechnologyandmademedevelopaninterestinit.C.AGCCIworksbothtotrainandempowergirlsandtoincreasetheirinclusioninthetechsectormoregenerally.D.EverythingchangedforSizolwethuwhensheattendedacodingcamprunbytheAfricanGirlsCanCodeInitiative(AGCCI)E.Nowsheisusingtheskillsshelearnedtodevelopapplicationsthathelphercommunity,suchasabusbookingsystemandmore.F.Alackofexposuretotechcoupledwithstronggenderednorms(性别标准)continuetokeepgirlsoutofthefieldfromanearlyage.AGCCIbuildsdigitalskillsandmomentum(动力)towardsabetterfutureIntheruralRwandanvillagewhereChantalgrewup,accesstodigitaltechnologywasbasicallynon-existent.Butwhenshewasselectedtoattendoneofthecountry'stophighschools,Chantaltooktocomputersciencerightaway.Afterdoingwellinherexams,shetoldhermothershewantedtopursueacareerinprogramming.Hermother'sresponse,shesays,didnotsurpriseher:"Shelaughedandsaid'Doyouknowwhereyouarefrom?That'sforstudentsfromthecities,richfamiliesorboys,'"Chantalrecalls.Thoughthedetailsvary,versionsofChantal'sstoryaresharedbygirlsacrossAfricaandaroundtheworld.40.Evenforgirlswhodohaveexposuretotech,theirinterestisoftendampenedbyalackofgender-responsiveandinterdisciplinarycurricula.ThiswastheexperienceofSizolwethu,whosehighschoolofferedclassesoninformationandcommunicationtechnologies:"Iwasfortunate,"shesays,"butIwasneverthatmuchinlovewithit,"Thecourseshadfailedtoconnecttechnologytothereal-worldchallengesshesawfacinghercommunityandcountry--akeydriverofmanygirls'careerchoices,researchshows.41.There,shesays,herpassionfortechgrewasthecamp"openedeyestothegamechanginginnovationsthatcanimpactAfrica.Ilearnedthatwithlittleornoresources,Icanmakeahugedifferenceifpassionanddeterminationarethere."Launchedin2018byUNWomenandtheAfricanUnionCommission(AUC),AGCCIworkingtoempowergirlsacrossAfricabyhelpingthembuilddigitalliteracy(数字素养)acomputerskillsandplacingthemonthepathtotechcareers.AGCCI'scodingcampwasaturningpointforChantal,too.Shecreditstheinitiativewaspushinghertopursue.InformationTechnologyattheuniversitylevel--despitethepressureshewasreceivingagainstit.42.43.AwaNdiaye-Seck..UNWomanSpecialRepresentativetotheAfricanUnionandUNECAsays."Wearetoaddressnotonlythepolicy-levelbothlenecksrelatedtoaccesstotechnologyandfinances,butalsothegender-basedharmfulnormsandpracticesthatpreventwomenandgirlsforpursuingSTEMfields."四、SummaryWriting44.Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.(1)Thereisn'tjustoneskillorqualitythatmakessomeoneagoodyourself.ButIcanthinkoftwothingsthatmostjournalistshaveincommon,theyarecurious,andtheylovelanguage.Journalistslookaroundandalwaysaskwho,what,why,whereandwhen.Thentheytrytotellotherswhattheyfindout.(2)Thefilmindustryisfacingdifficulties.Inrecentmonths,thesingledaybox,officeofmoviesacrossthecountryhadbeenintheextremelylowrangeofseventosightmillion,andalmostmoreofthenewfilmsenjoysanymarketappeal.Attheverybeginning,peoplewouldblametheseastonishingonthepandemic.Butthepandemicisnottheonlyfactorthatpreventsaudiencesfromenteringthecinema.Thelackofgood???towatchisthemainreasonwhypeoplelosetheirdesireforthecinema.五、Translation,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.45.作为记者,我们需要以客观的方式来呈现现实。(present)46.长期以来,丰富灿烂的中国文化对于海外游客来说有着巨大的吸引力。(appeal)47.健康专家越来越担心过度使用手机会给我们带来潜在的身心危害。(concern)六、GuidedWriting48.WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是明启中学的高一学生李敏,得知学校网站发起了一个关于"我与传统美食的故事"的征稿活动。你对此很感兴趣,并积极投稿。你的稿件内容包括:1)简单介绍你最喜欢的一款传统美食;2)叙述美食背后的个人故事。
答案解析部分【答案】1.being;2.notcarrying;3.moreflexible;4.may/might;5.toimprove;6.where;7.seen;8.havebeenmade;9.for;10.enter/areentering【解析】【分析】本文为说明文,主要讲述浙江省正在引领中国和世界进入二维条码的新时代,并在标准、技术、专利等方面已经取得重大突破,随着试点项目进入下一阶段,预计会有更多其他行业的企业和国际合作伙伴加入,将为全球数字贸易规则的发展铺平道路。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,定语从句,情态动词,形容词比较级,介词辨析等,要求考生仔细分析文章上下文,找准逻辑关系,结合相应知识点,进行分析推理,得出正确答案。1.句意:1974年,GS1条形码首次在美国一家超市的一种内装10包的口香糖上使用,它改变了零售业,商店能够轻松准确地追踪他们的产品。分析空处考查非谓语动词,本句的谓语动词为havetransformed,空处动词构成短语beabletodo...(能够做……),beabletotrack与逻辑主语stores之间为主动关系,使用现在分词,故填being。2.句意:然而,由于不能携带更多的信息,这些条形码已经升级为二维,以满足现代数字商务的需要。分析空处考查非谓语动词,本句的谓语动词为havebeenupgraded,主语thesebarcodes与动词carry之间为主动关系,使用现在分词,根据语境,此处应使用现在分词的否定式,故填notcarrying。3.句意:对于今天的购物者来说,二维条形码更加灵活和高效,因为它可以存储额外的信息。根据下文becauseitcanstoreextrainformation可知二维条形码与以前的GS1barcodes对比,可以存储额外的信息,更加具有灵活性和有效性,应使用形容词的比较级,形容词flexible为多音节的形容词,其比较级为moreflexible,故填moreflexible。4.句意:例如,消费者使用智能手机时,可能想要了解产品的生产和最迟销售日期或其成分,这就是为什么要使用2D条形码。分析本句,谓语动词为wanttoknow,说明空处使用助动词,修饰谓语动词,分析语境,本句为肯定句,表示对现在或将来的推测,使用情态动词may/might(也许,可能)合理,故填may/might。5.句意:2020年,GS1提出了"全球向二维迁移"倡议,以提高供应链效率,提高消费者参与度。分析空处考查非谓语动词,本句的谓语动词为introduced,根据语境,GS1提出倡议的目的是提高供应链效率和消费者参与度,表示目的使用todo,故填toimprove。6.句意:2021年3月,浙江省率先在食品行业推广二维码,并依法要求在食物行业建立"安全追溯体系"。分析本句,考查定语从句。空处在从句中做状语,修饰先行词thefoodindustry,根据语境,先行词表地点,故填where。7.句意:这些代码既包括通常在包装上看到的常规信息,也包括客户服务和测试报告等特征。分析空处考查非谓语动词,本句的谓语动词为haveincluded,逻辑主语regularinformation与动词see之间为被动关系,使用过去分词seen,故填seen。8.句意:浙江示范区在标准、技术、专利等方面已经取得重大突破,为世界其他地区提供一个典型案例。分析空处,需做谓语动词。分析语境,动词make的动作从过去持续到现在,有可能继续下去,使用现在完成时have/hasdone,主语为复数,使用havedone;主语majorbreakthroughs(重大突破)与动词make之间被动关系,应使用被动语态,所以空处应填现在完成时的被动语态havebeendone,故填havebeenmade。9.句意:浙江示范区在标准、技术、专利等方面已经取得重大突破,为世界其他地区提供一个典型案例。分析语境,此处使用介词for表示为世界其他地区提供一个典型案例,故填for。10.句意:随着试点项目进入下一阶段,预计会有更多其他行业的企业和国际合作伙伴加入。分析空处,需做谓语动词。本句为as引导的时间状语从句,空处做从句的谓语动词,主句动词时态为一般现在时,所以从句使用一般现在时enter合理,表示现在试点项目进入下一阶段;也可以使用现在进行时areentering,表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态,说明试点项目正在进入下一阶段,故填enter/areentering。【答案】11.H;12.C;13.G;14.J;15.A;16.E;17.F;18.D;19.B;20.I【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要讲述出版业因互联网的发展而发生了翻天覆地的变化,这对出版商来说尤其令人担忧,他们努力采取一些方法增加销售量,幸存下来的出版公司将是那些采用灵活方法并学会快速思考的公司。
【点评】本题考查选词填空。考查单词在语篇中的运用,答题时先通读,明白文章大意然后细读文章逐句分析,逐一作答。必要时根据语境进行判断,合理筛选,同时注意固定短语的搭配,单词词性的变化。11.句意:与媒体行业的许多其他领域一样,出版业也因互联网的发展而发生了翻天覆地的变化。分析空处需使用副词修饰动词reshaped(重新塑造),根据上下文,此处使用dramatically(剧烈地,明显地)符合语境,故选H。12.句意:多年来,电子书一直威胁着传统书籍的销量。由时间状语Foryears,可知句子时态使用现在完成时,所以空处使用过去分词,根据下文cutsalesoftheold-fashionedkind可知此处使用threatened(威胁),本处使用短语threatentodo威胁做某事,故选C。13.句意:亚马逊一直保持低价,以刺激对Kindle的需求。句子时态使用现在完成时,所以空处使用过去分词,根据Forsometime,publishershaveoperateda"wholesale"pricingmodelwithAmazon(一段时间以来,出版商一直与亚马逊合作,采用"批发"定价模式)说明亚马逊一直保持低价,动词maintained(保持,维持)符合,故选G。14.句意:然而,出版商担心这可能会让消费者期望各种书籍的价格都更低。分析空处需使用形容词作表语,根据下文Andtheyworry...说明出版商担心,形容词concerned(担心的)符合,故选J。15.句意:他们担心这种下降趋势会进一步削减他们微薄的利润,使苦苦挣扎的实体书店遭受更大的损失。分析空处需使用形容词作定语,修饰名词bricks-and-mortarbooksellers(实体书商),根据suffermore说明实体书店目前不好过,形势差,struggling(苦苦挣扎的)符合语境,故选A。16.句意:一些业内人士甚至预测,出版商将遭受与音乐公司类似的命运,当歌曲可以在网上廉价销售时,音乐公司的财富消失了。分析空处需使用动词做主句的谓语,根据下文关键词willsufferasimilarfate可知目前音乐公司还没有遭受类似的命运,使用动词predict(预测)合理,故选E。17.句意:这对出版商来说尤其令人担忧,因为数字业务的利润几乎和印刷业务一样微薄。分析空处需使用形容词作表语,根据下文becausedigitalmarginsarealmostasthinasprintones.可知出版商担忧目前实体书店的情况,形容词alarming(令人担忧的)符合,故选F。18.句意:一些出版商试图将电子书的发行推迟几个月,以增加纸质书的销量。分析空处需使用名词做宾语,根据关键词trydelaying,toincreaseprintsales说明一些出版商试图推迟电子书的发行,名词release(新发行的东西,公开,发布)符合,故选D。19.句意:Sourcebooks是一家中型出版商,它开发了一个专注于诗歌的在线小组,发现诗歌在网站上出现后,图书销量增长了50%。分析空处,此处使用固定短语focuson(专注于),故选B。20.句意:在艰难的转型中幸存下来的出版公司将是那些采用灵活方法并学会快速思考的公司。分析空处需使用名词做动词use的宾语,根据关键词survivethetoughtransition,flexible以及andlearnquicklytothink说明幸存下来的出版公司采取不同思路,不同方法,善于快速思考,名词approach(方法)符合,故选I。【答案】21.C;22.A;23.B;24.A;25.B;26.D;27.B;28.A;29.B;30.C;31.D;32.C;33.B;34.D;35.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要讲述如今播客不断增长,技术和文化变化极大地影响了市场,导致这一趋势的产生。播客的发展使我们的媒体消费习惯发生了许多变化,但是观众在哪里,钱就跟着去哪里,因此商家跟随媒体变化,对准特定的观众在相应的平台上推销他们想推销的产品。
【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,初步了解文章大意,再根据上下文来判断选项,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。特别注意日常对词汇的积累和运用。21.句意:曾经有一段时间,一些人认为,把电影现场播送到我们家里,就意味着再也不用收听收音机来获取娱乐和信息了。chance机会;extent程度;end结束,末端;value价值。根据下文关键词But,developedquickly说明上下语句为转折关系,收音机发展迅速,所以空处为用收音机获取娱乐和信息的结束,故选C。22.句意:但无线电幸存下来并迅速发展。survived生存,幸存;approached接近,靠近;functioned工作,运作;benefited受益。根据anddevelopedquickly说明无线电不但没有被淘汰,还发展迅速,故选A。23.句意:也许播客的增长并不令人惊讶——它提供了一种数字音频文件,可以随时下载和存储以供收听。balance平衡;growth生长;theme主题;range范围,界限。根据上文thepopularityofpodcasts(播客)isrising说明播客不断增长,此处在讲述其增长的原因,故选B。24.句意:此外,它还可以在互联网上在线收听,并在电脑或MP3播放器上播放。Besides此外;However然而;Therefore因此;Instead相反,代替。此处进一步阐述它可以随时随地在线收听,故选A。25.句意:它不仅仅是播客,如BBC这样的广播公司一样生产播客。monitoring监视,监听;producing生产;advertising登广告;applying申请,应用。根据常识,BBC广播公司有很多播客,故选B。26.句意:事实上,任何想要播报的人,只要花几英镑买设备,都可以参与进来。Forinstance例如;Inadvance提前;Bycontrast相比之下;Infact事实上。根据具体的解释anyonewithsomethingtosay,andafewpoundstospendontheequipment,cangetinvolved说明任何人都可以参与播报,这已成为一个现实情况,故选D。27.句意:但是制作像播客这样的便携式音频节目的趋势是从哪里开始的呢?technology科技;trend趋势,动态;exchange交换;permit执照,许可证。根据上文可知任何人都可以参与播报,说明这是一个大众趋势,故选B。28.句意:有两个变化极大地影响了市场——一个是技术变化,一个是文化变化。affected影响;regulated控制,调节;challenged挑战;divided分开,分配。此处是回答上面问题的答案,说明科技和文化影响市场导致这一趋势产生,故选A。29.句意:最后,4G移动手机连接的发展和广泛使用的wi-fi意味着听众可以随时随地浏览、下载或流媒体播放节目。newborn新生的;widespread广泛传播的;academic学术的;costly昂贵的,值钱的。根据现实情况,如今全世界都在广泛使用wi-fi,属于客观事实,故选B。30.句意:科技的发展使我们的媒体消费习惯发生了许多变化。power动力,权力;economy经济;media媒体;educating教育。根据下文解释therestillneedstobesomethingworthwatchingorlisteningto说明无论科技有多么发展,仍然需要一些值得看或听的东西。这些东西需要从媒体中获得,故选C。31.句意:它讲述了一个由多个情节组成的非科幻故事,吸引了人们的想象力。confirmed证实;spotted发现;analyzed分析;attracted吸引。根据上文关键词Theculturalbreakthrough说明它实现了文化突破,成功地吸引了人们,故选D。32.句意:到目前为止,该剧第一季和第二季的下载量已经超过3.4亿次。editions版本;lines台词,线;downloads下载;character人物,字体,性格。根据上文可知这个非科幻故事系列吸引了人们的想象力,所以播放量和下载量很多,故选C。33.句意:观众去哪里,钱就跟着去哪里。content目录,内容;audience观众;platform平台;civilization文明,文明社会。根据上文Advertiserssoonrealisedthemoney-makingpotentialofthisandothersuccessfulpodcasts.(广告商很快意识到这个和其他成功播客的赚钱潜力)说明有观众,有流量才能赚钱,故选B。34.句意:这些听觉盛宴在很多平台上都有。changeable可变化的;measurable显著的,memorable难忘的,值得纪念的;available可获得的,有空的。根据上文Nowtherearepodcastsaboutanythingandeverything,eventheeducationalcontreamthatBBCLearningEnglishoffers!说明现在有各种各样的播客,所以在平台上你可以听到(获得)很多节目,故选D。35.句意:观众是非常特定的,这可以帮助广告商们对准特定的观众推销他们想推销的产品。target把……作为目标,把……对准;conduct进行,实施;preserve保护;illustrate加插图于,说明。根据关键词Audiences,helpadvertisers,promote说明在播放量多的平台广告商可以通过推销产品赚钱,与上文Andwherethe...goes,themoneyfollows上下文吻合,故选A。【答案】36.C37.D38.A39.A【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。主要讲述WilliamPerkin是一位非常具有天赋的化学家,他发现了人工染料,并且时至今日,人工染料仍然发挥着至关重要的作用。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题,词义猜测题和标题判断题四种常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推理判断题需根据语境合理分析,推出最合理答案;词义猜测题需要联系上下文,推断出合理的词义;标题判断题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出最佳标题。36.细节理解题。根据文章AtthetimeofPerkin'senrolment,thecollegewasheadedbythefamousGermanchemistAugustHofmann.Perkin'sscientificgiftssooncaughtHofmann'sattention可知Perkin入学时,学院由德国著名化学家Hofmann领导。Perkin的科学天赋很快引起了Hofmann的注意,C项(他欣赏Perkin作为一名年轻化学家的才能)符合,故选C。37.推理判断题。根据文章withintwoyears,hebecameHofmann'syoungestassistant.Notlongafterthat,Perkinmadethescientificbreakthroughthatwouldbringhimbothfameandfortune.以及Luckily,Perkin'sscientifictrainingandnatureinspiredhimtoinvestigatethesubstancefurtherandhefinallyproducedadeeppurplesolution(溶液).Perkinsawthepotentialofhisunexpectedfind可知Perkin成了霍夫曼最年轻的助手。不久之后,Perkin取得了科学上的突破,最终制造出了一种深紫色的溶液。说明没有大学的经历,Perkin不可能取得这样的成就,故选D。38.词意猜测题。根据Thepurplecolourobtainedfromasnail(蜗牛)wasoncesoexpensivethatinsocietyatthetimeonlytherichcouldaffordit.ItwasagainstthisbackdropthatPerkin'sdiscoverywasmade.可知从蜗牛身上获得的紫色曾经非常昂贵,在当时的社会中只有富人才能买得起。关键词againstthis(以……为背景)说明Perkin的发现正是在这样的背景下产生的。background背景;downfall落下,大雨;backup支援,备用品;challenge挑战。画线单词与A项词意相仿,故选A。39.标题判断题。主要讲述WilliamPerkin是一位非常具有天赋的化学家,他发现了人工染料,并且时至今日,人工染料仍然发挥着至关重要的作用。A项符合,故选A。【答案】40.F;41.D;42.E;43.C【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文,主要讲述AGCCI致力于培训和赋予非洲女孩权力,并促进她们融入科技行业,为非洲女孩更美好的未来打造数字技能和动力。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意分析上下文语境与选项的关系,找准关键词和关键信息,选出适当答案。40.根据下文Evenforgirlswhodohaveexposuretotech,theirinterestisoftendampenedbyalackofgender-responsiveandinterdisciplinarycurricula.(即使是那些接触过科技的女孩,她们的兴趣也常常因为缺乏性别平等和跨学科的课程而减弱)由even一词说明女孩们往往不能接触科技,F项(缺乏对科技的接触,再加上强烈的性别标准,使得女孩们从小就被拒之门外)符合语境,故选F。41.本文主题讲述关于AGCCI的信息,根据下文There,shesays,herpassionfortechgrewasthecamp"openedeyestothegamechanginginnovationsthatcanimpactAfrica.(她说,在那里,她对科技的热情与日俱增,因为夏令营让人们看到了可以影响非洲的改变游戏规则的创新)中关键词there可知Sizolwethu参加了AGCCI,D项(当Sizolwethu参加了由非洲女孩编程倡议组织(AGCCI)举办的编程营后,一切都改变了)符合语境,故选D。42.根据AGCCI'scodingcampwasaturningpointforChantal,too可知本段主要关于AGCCI的编程营对Chantal的影响,E项(现在,她正在利用所学的技能开发帮助社区的应用程序,比如公交预订系统等等)符合语境,she指代上文Chantal,故选E。43.分析文章,最后一段为总括段落,本文主要关于AGCCI帮助非洲女孩接触科技,改变她们的命运。C项(AGCCI致力于培训和赋予女孩权力,并更广泛
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