2025年高考英语复习知识清单（全国）专题25 十年高考(2015-2024)290个阅读高频词及单句填空123例 解析版

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单（讲案）

专题25十年高考(2015-2024)290个阅读高频词及单句填空123例解析版

目录内容

板块一分组背诵化整为零

板块二单句填空活学活用

板块三语篇训练学以致用

板块一分组背诵化整为零

第一组背诵版（50词）

1abnormal反常的,异常的;变态的25annual每年的,年度的,一年一次的

2absorb吸收26apparently显然地

3academic学校的,学院的;学术性的27application申请,申请表,申请书

4accessible容易取得的,容易达到的28appointment约会,约定;任命,委派

5accommodation住处(尤指短期使用的)29approval赞成,同意

6account账户;描述,报道;解释;说明30architect建筑师,设计师

7accurate精确的,准确的31arouse唤醒;引起,激发

8acknowledge承认,供认32asaconsequence因而,结果

9acquire获得,得到,养成33aspect方面;面貌,模样,神态

10adaptable可适应的,可改编的34assess估价,估计;评定，核定

11additional增加的,额外的,另外的35asset资产，财产，有价值的人或物

12adjust(改变…以)适应;调整;校正36assistance帮助,援助

13admiration钦佩;赞赏37associate(使)联合;结交,结伙

14agency经销处,代理行;部,处38astronaut宇航员,太空人

15aggressive好争斗的,挑衅的,侵略性的39ataloss不知所措

16allowance津贴,补助,零用钱40audience观众,听众;读者

17alter改变,更改41authority权力,职权；官方,当局；权威

18alternative两者择一的,供替代的42available可用的或可得到的

19amateur业余的,非职业的43ban取缔,查封,禁止；禁止,禁令

20ambition抱负,雄心,野心44barrier栅栏,障碍,隔阂

21analysis分析45block街区,街段；大块；障碍(物)

22analyze分析,分解,解释46breed生育;繁殖；饲养,培养

23ancestor祖先,祖宗47budget预算;政府预算案

24annoy打扰,干扰48bydesign故意地;蓄意地

49calculate计算,估计50calorie卡路里,卡(热量单位)

第二组背诵版（50词）

51campaign运动；战役76constantly不变地,经常地,坚持不懈地

52cautious小心的,谨慎的77consume消耗,消费,耗尽

53channel海峡；通道;水沟,水渠78convince使相信;使明白

54characteristics特有的,典型的79cooperation合作

55charity慈爱,仁慈;救济金80count有价值,有重要意义;认为,看作

56chase追捕,追逐81cover涉及,包含;控制,支配

57circulate(使)循环,(使)流通82crash(使)猛撞,(使)撞毁

58circumstance环境,条件,情况83creativity创造力,创造

59civilization文明,文化84credit借款;贷款

60clue线索,提示85criminal刑事的,犯罪的

61column栏,专栏(文章)86data资料,材料

62combination联合体,组合物87decline下降,减少,衰退

63comment评论,意见,解释,批评88decoration装饰,装潢

64commercial商业的,商务的89defend辩护;辩解

65community社区,社会,团体；大众,公众90define精确地解释;界定

66complaint抱怨,诉苦；投诉,控告91deliver递送,交付

67complicated结构复杂的92demonstrate论证,证明

68composer(尤指古典音乐)作曲家93description描述,形容

69concentration专心,专注94desert舍弃,遗弃

70concept概念;观念;想法95deserve应受,应得,值得

71confess承认,供认96desirable可取的,值得拥有的,合意的

72conflict冲突,抵触,争论97destructive破坏性的,毁灭性的

73conscious神志清醒的98device装置,设备,器具

74consequence结果,后果99discipline训练,训导;处罚,惩罚

75considerable相当大(或多)的100dismiss使退去;解散

第三组背诵版（50词）

101distinction区别,明显差别,特征112emphasis强调,重点

102distribute散发;散播;分布113endure忍受,忍耐,容忍

103document公文,文件,文献114enrich使富有,使富裕

104domestic国内的;家用的;驯养的115entertain款待,招待

105drought干旱(时期)116enthusiastic满腔热情的,极感兴趣的

106ecosystem生态系统117entirely全部地,整体地

107efficient有能力的,效率高的118essential必不可少的,绝对必要的

108element要素;基础,纲要,原理119establish建立,成立

109embarrass(使)窘迫;(使)局促不安120estimate估计,估价

110emergency紧急情况,非常时刻121evaluation估价,评价,赋值

111emotion情感,感情,激情122evaporate(使某物)蒸发掉

123eventually终于,最后137figure数字；图表;图案；画像,肖像

124evidence证词;证据;迹象138finance财政,金融

125exception例外139flexible灵活的,可变通的；柔韧的

126exhausted疲倦地140frame框架

127expense消耗,花费141funeral葬礼,丧礼

128explore勘查,探测,勘探142garage车库；汽车修理站;加油站

129export出口,输出143grateful感激的,感谢的

130extent长度,面积,范围144guarantee保证;担保

131extinguish使熄灭,扑灭145guilty内疚的

132extremely极端;极其;非常146habitat(动物的)栖息地,住处

133facial面孔的;面部用的147handle处理,应付,对待；手柄,把手

134facility设备,设施148hesitate犹豫;踌躇

135factor因素,要素149historian历史学家,史学工作者

136fasten系紧,拴牢150hospitality殷勤,好客

第四组背诵版（50词）

151identity身份176landscape风景,景色

152ignore不顾,不理,忽视177layer层,层次

153illegal不合法的,违法的178license批准,许可,颁发执照

154illustration插图,图案；例证,实例179maintain保持;继续；坚持;主张

155imitate模仿180manufacturer制造商,制造厂

156immigrant移民181mathematical数学的,数学上的；精确的

157implication含义,暗指，卷入,牵连182maximum最大值的,最大量的

158incredible不能相信的,不可信的183meanwhile同时;其间

159independent独立的,自主的,自立的184memorize记住,熟记

160indicate标示,指示,指出185mental精神的,头脑的,心理的

161inhabit居住于,栖居于186merely仅仅,只不过

162inspiration灵感；鼓舞人心的人[事物]187migrate迁移;移往

163instructive有益的,供给知识的,教育的188motivate作为…的动机;激发;诱发

164instructor指导者,教师189negative消极的,非建设性的

165insurance保险190neglect疏忽;忽略;遗漏

166intelligent聪明的;理解力强的191nevertheless仍然,然而,不过

167interact相互作用[影响],互相配合192objective客观的;不带偏见的

168interactive一起活动或互相合作的193occasional偶尔的,不经常的

169interfere干预;调停；妨碍194optimistic乐观的,乐观主义的

170invaluable无法估计的,非常宝贵的195original起初的;原来的

171invest投资;花费196overcome战胜;克服

172investigator调查者;审查者197overwhelming势不可挡的,巨大的

173involve使参与,牵涉198panic恐慌,惊慌,慌乱

174isolation隔离,与世隔绝199participant参加者,参与者

175kindergarten幼儿园200passive被动的;消极的;不抵抗的

第五组背诵版（50词）

201peculiar奇怪的,异常的226reservation预订；保留意见

202permanent永久(性)的,固定的227resist抵抗;对抗

203persuasive能说服的;善于游说的228resolve决定;决心

204physically身体上地；健康地229resume履历

205potential潜在的,有可能的230rhythm节奏,韵律

206preserve保护231schedule时间表,日程安排表；清单

207privacy私事,隐私232scholarship奖学金

208profit利润,收益,赢利233scratch抓,搔

209prohibit禁止;阻止234security安全

210promote提升,提拔235sensitive易受影响的;敏感的

211prosperity兴旺,繁荣236shorten弄短,缩短

212psychologist心理学研究者;心理学家237signal信号,暗号

213purchase购买238significant重要的,重大的,可观的

214rarely不常,很少地,难得地239slightly轻微地,微不足道地

215reaction反应;回应240smoothly顺利地、光滑地

216realistic现实的,现实主义的241source发源地、出处

217recognition认识;认出;承认242specialize专门从事,专攻

218register记录;登记;注册243species物种,种

219relatively相关地244specific明确的,确切的,详尽的

220release发布;发行;发售245splendid壮丽的;辉煌的

221relevant有关的,切题的246standard标准,水准,规范

222reliable可靠的,可信赖的247state陈述;叙述

223remark话语,评论248statistics数据

224reputation名气,名声,名誉249status情形,状况

225rescue营救,救援250stimulate刺激;激励

第四组背诵版（40词）

251sting螫伤;刺伤263sympathize同情,支持

252strategy战略,策略264symptom症状；征兆

253strengthen加强,巩固265talkative健谈的;多嘴的;喜欢说话的

254stretch伸展;拉紧266tame驯服的,温顺的

255studio播音室;录音室267temporary临时的,暂时的,短时间的

256substitute代替,替换,代用268tendency倾向,趋势

257supervisor监督者,管理者269threaten恐吓,威胁

258survey眺望;纵览270timely适时的;合时宜的

259survive幸存,活下来271tolerance宽容,容忍

260suspect怀疑;不信任272trafficjam塞车,交通拥塞

261suspicious猜疑的,疑心的273tragedy惨事,灾难

262symbol象征,标志274trap困住,使陷入绝境

275tuition学费283vehicle交通工具,车辆

276unbearable难以忍受的;不能忍受的284victim牺牲者,受害者,受灾者

277unconscious失去知觉的285vital极重要的,必不可少的

278uniform制服286vitamin维生素

279unique独一无二的,仅有的,惟一的287volcano火山

280universal广泛的,普遍的288volunteer自动提供,自愿效劳

281update更新;使现代化289welfare健康,幸福,繁荣，福利

282vary(使)变化,改变290withdraw取[收]回，(使)撤退[出]

板块二单句填空活学活用

【名师原创】单句填空123例

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Youbecamesodeeply__________(absorb)inanactivitythatyoulosttrackoftime.

2.Bothsaytheywanttowriteliterarybooksthatare__________(access)toageneralaudience.

3.Everycarehasbeentakentoensurethe__________(accurate)ofallinformationgiveninthisleaflet.

4.Parentsaremorewilling__________(acknowledge)theirchildrenasadultswhentheybehavelikeadults.

5.Olderworkerscanbeas__________(adapt)andquicktolearnasanyoneelse.

6.Shewonthe__________(admire)ofmanypeopleinherbattleagainstcancer.

7.I'mafraidIhavenoalternativebut__________(report)youtothepolice.

8.Heissodeepindebtanddesperateformoneythathe's__________(apparent)willingtosayanything.

9.Theprojecthasnowreceived__________(approve)fromthegovernment.

10.Thecharityaimstoprovide__________(assist)topeopleinneed.

11.Peopleareoften__________alosswhenconfrontedwithanumberofchoices.

12.Storesshould__________(ban)fromsellingalcoholicdrinkstoteenagers.

13.Thesatelliteenablesus__________(calculate)theirpreciselocationanywhereintheworld.

14.Theconditionpreventsthebloodfrom__________(circulate)freely.

15.Histreatmentwasa__________(combine)ofsurgery,radiationanddrugs.

16.Youcannotaffordtorelaxyour__________(concentrate)foramoment.

17.Childrenvary__________(considerable)intherateatwhichtheylearntheselessons.

18.Wewillwinthecontestifwecantapintoour__________(creative).

19.Hebecame__________(convince)oftheneedforcheapeditionsofgoodqualitywriting.

20.Thenumberofstaff__________(decline)from217,000to114,000since2021.

21.Allourofficersaretrained__________(defend)themselvesagainstknifeattacks.

22.Theterm‘mentalillness’isdifficult__________(define).

23.Itisimpossible__________(deliver)thisletterbecausetheaddressisillegible.

24.Theyareanxious__________(demonstrate)tothevotersthattheyhavepracticalpolicies.

25.The__________(describe)whichhehadbeengivenwasbriefandtothepoint.

26.Hedeserves__________(lock)upforeverforwhathedid.

27.Undersuchconditions,the__________(destroy)effectsofbacteriaarediminished.

28.Alcoholcanalsodamagetheliveranddogreatharmif__________(consume)inlargequantities.

29.He__________(discipline)atschoollastweekfortalkingbacktotheteacher.

30.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecided__________(dismiss)him.

31.Wedidn'tunderstandhowdifficultitwas__________(distribute)anationalpaper.

32.Thereareobvious__________(distinction)betweenthetwowine-makingareas.

33.Theybelievedthatthegreaterthediversitythe__________(stable)theecosystem.

34.Iwasimpressedbythe__________(efficient)withwhichshehandledthecrisis.

35.Theexchangeofprisonersofwarwasoneofthekey__________(element)oftheUN'speaceplan.

36.Yourescuedmefroman__________(embarrass)situation.

37.Thegovernmenthasdeclaredastateof__________(emergent)followingtheearthquake.

38.Untilrecently,theemphasisindambuildingwas_________theeconomicbenefits.

39.Manyvolunteerschoosetohurtthemselvesratherthanendure__________(bore).

40.It'sofsignificantimportanceforus__________(enrich)ourlifewithhabits.

41.Barbecuesareafavouritewayof__________(entertain)friends

42.Itwasthiscampaignthat__________(establish)thepaper'sreputation.

43.Itishard__________(estimate)howmanychildrensufferfromdyslexia.

44.Thereis__________(convince)evidenceofalinkbetweenexposuretosunandskincancer.

45.Mostofthebuildingsinthetownaremodern,butthechurchisan__________(except).

46.Ittookthemabout50minutes__________(extinguish)thefire.

47.HousesintheneighbourhoodofParisare__________(extreme)expensive.

48.Theyfoundthatevery__________(face)expressionisconnectedtoacertaincolor.

49.He__________(fasten)uphiscoatandhurriedout.

50.Sheisstill__________(finance)dependentonherparents.

51.Iamextremelygrateful__________alltheteachers_________theirhelp.

52.Weguarantee__________(refund)yourmoneyifyou'renotdelightedwithyourpurchase.

53.She'sverygoodat__________(handle)herpatients.

54.Pleasedonothesitate__________(contact)meifyouhaveanyqueries.

55.Imadeasuggestionbuttheychose__________(ignore)it.

56.Two__________(dependent)researchbodiesreachedthesameconclusions.

57.Aredskyatnightoften__________(indicate)fineweatherthenextday.

58.Dreamscanbearichsourceof__________(inspire)foranartist.

59.It's__________(legal)todrivethrougharedlight.

60.Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,rangingfromcheftoswimming__________(instruct).

61.Theonlineclassroomprovidesaninnovativeand__________(interact)interactivelearningenvironment.

62.Iwishmymotherwouldstop__________(interfere)interferingandletmemakemyowndecisions.

63.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttimeyou__________(invest)investedinanewcoat?

64.Therewasaseriousincident__________(involve)involvingagroupofyouths.

65.__________(maintain)Tomaintainherweight,shesimplychoosesfruitsandvegetablesoverfatsandsweets.

66.__________(manufacture)Manufacturersareworkingonanewgenerationofcheaperdigitalradios.

67.Underplanninglaw__________themaximumheightforafenceorhedgeis6feet.

68.Hestudiedhismap,trying__________(memorize)tomemorizethewaytoRose'sstreet.

69.Youmaybephysicallyand__________(mental)mentallyexhaustedafteralongflight.

70.Hesaidnothing,__________(mere)merelysmiledandwatchedher.

71.Thousandswereforced__________(migrate)fromruraltourbanareasinsearchofwork.

72.HespentfiveyearsinParis,with__________(occasion)visitstoItaly.

73.Itisoneofthemost__________(origin)worksofimaginationinthelanguage.

74.Theresidentsweretryingtoescapefromthefirebut__________(overcome)bysmoke.

75.I__________(panic)whenIsawsmokecomingoutoftheengine.

76.40ofthecourse__________(participant)areofferedemploymentwiththecompany.

77.Animmigrantisapersonwhocomestolive__________(permanent)inaforeigncountry.

78.Theintroductiontoa__________(persuade)speechisveryimportant.

79.Thesocietywassetup__________(preserve)endangeredspeciesfromextinction.

80.Youdon'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection__________(promote)economicgrowth.

81.Theequipmentcan__________(purchase)fromyourlocalsupplier.

82.__________(rare)hasadebateattractedsomuchmediaattention.

83.Thetownhaschangedbeyond__________(recognize)sinceIwaslasthere.

84.__________(register)acarinJapan,theownermusthavesomewheretoparkit.

85.__________(relative)speaking,thesejobsprovidegoodsalaries.

86.Firefighterstooktwohours__________(release)thedriverfromthecar.

87.Wearelookingforsomeonewhois__________(rely)andhard-working.

88.Firefightersburstthedooropenand__________(rescue)them.

89.Hewenttothedesktoinquireandmakea__________(reserve).

90.Theyaredetermined__________(resist)pressuretochangethelaw.

91.Wemustfindaway__________(resolve)theseproblemsbeforeit'stoolate.

92.We'llbestoppinghereforlongerthan__________(schedule).

93.Theyarenowunderagreatdealofpressure__________(tighten)theirairportsecurity.

94.Theclassroomteachermustbesensitive__________achild'sneeds.

95.Herfatherpaid$5,000foranoperation__________(shorten)hernose.

96.Weoverlookallsortsofwarning__________(signal)aboutourownhealth.

97.Hisfamilythenmovedtoa__________(slight)largerhouse.

98.Everythingiscleartoherandthingsgo__________(smooth)then.

99.Mostofthestaffspecialize__________thecareofchildren.

100.Thearticlecanbeused__________(stimulate)discussionamongstudents.

101.Toimprovethequalityoflifethroughwork,twocomplementary__________(strategy)arenecessary.

102.Theexercisesaredesigned__________(strengthen)yourstomachmuscles.

103.I__________(stretch)outahandandpickedupthebook.

104.Thecourseteachesyouthetheorybutthere'snosubstitute__________practicalexperience.

105.Allofuswillstrugglefairlyhard__________(survive)ifweareindanger.

106.Whitehasalwaysbeen__________symbolofpurityinWesterncultures.

107.Thepublicshouldbeonthelookoutfor__________(symptom)ofthedisease.

108.Ihavea__________(tend)totalktoomuchwhenI'mnervous.

109.Hetiedherupand__________(threaten)herwithasix-inchknife.

110.Shehadno__________(tolerant)forjokesofanykind.

111.I__________(catch)inatrafficjamforoveranhour,otherwiseIwouldhavenotkeptyouwaitingforsucha

longtime.

112.Cantheworldbecomeso__________(bear)tosomeoneafteryearsofloneliness?

113.Hewas__________(conscious)andasIlookedathisface,somethingoccurredtome.

114.Thepreviewoffers__________uniqueopportunitytoseetheshowwithoutthecrowds.

115.Itis__________(universal)acknowledgedthatit'sverydifficulttoshakeoffbadhabits.

116.Hewasbackintheoffice,__________(update)theworkscheduleonthecomputer.

117.Thecostofthealcoholduty__________(vary)accordingtotheamountofwineinthebottle.

118.Becarefulnottofallvictim__________onlinebankingfraud.

119.Readingis__________vitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.

120.Fruitisaconvenientsourceof__________(vitamin)andenergy.

121.Thevolcano__________(erupt)lastyearkillingabout600people.

122.WhatIwantnowistwo__________(volunteer)tocomedowntothefront.

123.Hereachedintohispocketand__________(withdraw)asheetofnotepaper.

【名师原创】单句填空123例答案

1.absorbed24.todemonstrate.

2.accessible25.description

3.accuracy26.locking/tobelocked

4.toacknowledge27.destructive

5.adaptable28.consumed

6.admiration29.wasdisciplined

7.toreport30.todismiss

8.apparently31.todistribute

9.approval32.distinctions

10.assistance33.morestable

11.at34.efficiency

12.bebanned35.elements

13.tocalculate36.embarrassing

14.circulating37.emergency

15.combination38.on/upon

16.concentration39.boredom

17.considerably40.toenrich

18.creativity41.entertaining

19.convinced42.established

20.hasdeclined43.toestimate

21.todefend44.convincing

22.todefine45.exception

23.todeliver46.toextinguish

47.extremely86.torelease

48.facial87.reliable

49.fastened88.rescued

50.financially89.reservation

51.to,for90.toresist

52.torefund91.toresolve

53.handling92.scheduled.

54.tocontact93.totighten

55.toignore94.to

56.independent95.toshorten

57.indicates96.signals

58.inspiration97.slightly

59.illegal98.smoothly

60.instructor99.in

61.interactive100.tostimulate

62.interfering101.strategies

63.invested/shouldinvest102.tostrengthen

64.involving103.stretched

65.Tomaintain104.for

66.Manufacturers105.tosurvive

67.the106.a

68.tomemorize107.symptoms

69.mentally108.tendency

70.merely109.threatened

71.tomigrate110.tolerance

72.occasional111.wascaught

73.original112.unbearable

74.were113.unconscious

75.panicked