2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题36　宇宙奥秘探索(教师版)

主题群三地球与宇宙话题36宇宙奥秘探索Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·湖北省三校三模)TheCharlesDickensMuseuminLondonistheworld’smostimportantcollectionofmaterialrelatingtothegreatVictoriannovelistandsocialcommentator(评论员).TheonlysurvivingLondonhomeofDickens(from1837until1839)wasopenedasamuseumin1925andisstillwelcomingvisitorsfromallovertheworld.Onfourfloors，visitorscanseepaintings，rareeditions，manuscripts，originalfurnitureandmanyitemsrelatingtothelifeofoneofthemostpopularandbelovedpersonalitiesoftheVictorianage.OpeningHours：TheMuseumisopenfromMondaystoSaturdays10：00－17：00；Sundays11：00－17：00.Lastadmissionis30minutesbeforeclosingtime.Specialopeningtimescanbearrangedforgroups，whomaywishtobookaprivateview.AdmissionCharges：Adults：￡5.00；Students：￡4：00；Seniors：￡4.00；Children：￡3.00；Families：￡14.00(2adults&uptofivechildren).GroupRates：Foragroupof10ormore，aspecialgrouprateof￡4.00eachapplies.Childrenwillstillbeadmittedfor￡3.00each.Access：WeareconstantlyworkingtoimproveaccesstotheMuseumanditscollection.Ourcurrentprojectsinvolvethefittingofawheelchairramp(活动坡道)forbetteraccess，acustomercarekitandanaudiotourforvisitorswithimpairedvision.OurHandlingSessionsarealsosuitableforthevisuallyimpaired.TheMuseumhasdevelopedanonlinevirtualtourthroughtheMuseum.ClickheretovisitalltheroomsintheMuseumonline.HiretheMuseum：TheMuseumcanbehiredforprivatefunctions，partiesandmanyothersocialoccasions.FindUs：TheMuseummaybereachedbyusingthefollowingbuses：7，17，19，38，45，46，55，243.Andbytheseundergroundservices：PiccadillyLine；CentralLine.Foramap，pleaseclickhere.TheBritishMuseumandtheFoundlingMuseumarewithinwalkingdistance.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍的是伦敦的查尔斯·狄更斯博物馆的相关情况。1.HowmuchwilltheypayifafamilywithtwoadultsandthreechildrengototheMuseumtogether?A.￡10.00. B.￡14.00.C.￡19.00. D.￡22.00.答案B[细节理解题。根据AdmissionCharges部分的“Families：￡14.00(2adults&uptofivechildren).”可知，如果一个家庭有两个大人和三个孩子一起去博物馆，要花14英镑。]2.WhatcanbelearnedfromthepassageabouttheMuseum?A.IndividualscannothiretheMuseumforparties.B.VisitorswithpoorvisioncanenjoytheMuseum.C.InnocasecanpeoplevisittheMuseumafter17：00.D.VisitorscanseerareeditionsofmanyVictoriannovelists.答案B[细节理解题。根据Access部分的“Ourcurrentprojectsinvolvethefittingofawheelchairrampforbetteraccess，acustomercarekitandanaudiotourforvisitorswithimpairedvision.”可知，视力不好的游客也可以参观博物馆。]3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Website. B.Magazine.C.Newspaper. D.Guidebook.答案A[文章出处题。根据Access部分的“TheMuseumhasdevelopedanonlinevirtualtour...intheMuseumonline.”以及最后一段的倒数第二句“Foramap，pleaseclickhere.”可推知，本篇文章可能来自一个网站。](2024·山东师范大学附中模拟预测)Whenhewentoutsideduringthebreak，JohnBuettnerwoulddreamoflearningthemonkeybars.Heusesawheelchair，sotheyaren’taccessibletohim—infact，mostoftheplaygroundatGlenLakeElementarySchoolisn’t.BetsyJulienwouldlookoutatthestudentsintheirwheelchairs，andthought，“Ourplaygroundisnotsetupforeverybodyintheschooltoplayandhavefun.”Now，thankstothisteacherandherstudents，thatdreamisabouttocometrueinabiggerway.Lastfall，Julienandafewofhercolleaguesappliedfor，andwon，agrantforanaccessibleswingandmerry－go－round.Thegrantfell$35，000shortoftheamounttheschoolneeded，soJulienaskedherclasstohelpraisetherest.Herstudentsjumpedattheidea，andtookitastepfurther.“Whycan’twemakethewholeplaygroundaccessible？”saidHadleyMangan.Theybrainstormedideasonhowtoraisemoney：door－knocking，partneringwithrestaurants，handingoutflyers，andevencold－callinglocalbusinesses.Theygottoworkandreachedtheirgoalinamatterofweeks.Now，theyaimtoraise$1millionsotheycancompletelytransformtheirplayground.Lastweek，Julienloadedthestudentsforafieldtriptoseehowtheequipmentwasbuiltandevengottocolorinablueprintoftheplaygrounddesign.Buettnersaidhecouldhardlybelievehowquicklyanideaturnedintoreality.“AllofthisequipmentisbigenoughformyfriendsandItoplayon.Ijustfeelsomesenseofcapability.”Julienspeaksthroughtears，too，whenreflectingontheprojectandthetransformation.“Anythingweraisebeyondourgoalwillgotowardsaccessibleequipmentatneighboringschools.Ihopethattheworldisacceptingandinclusiveforeverychild.”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了JohnBuettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。4.What’stheproblemwiththeschoolplayground?A.Littleplayingspace. B.Limitedaccessibility.C.Poorconstructionfunding. D.Narrowwheelchairpassage.答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Heusesawheelchair...mostoftheplaygroundatGlenLakeElementarySchoolisn’t.”和“Ourplaygroundisnotsetupforeverybodyintheschooltoplayandhavefun.”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境有限。]5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“astepfurther”referto?A.Donatingmoremoney. B.Achievingoriginalgoals.C.Askingmorepeopleforhelp. D.Transformingthewholeplayground.答案D[词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“soJulienaskedherclasstohelpraisetherest.”和下文“‘Whycan’twemakethewholeplaygroundaccessible？’saidHadleyMangan.”可知，Julien让她的学生们帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她的学生们欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，变成无障碍操场，由此可推知，“astepfurther”指的是改造整个操场。]6.WhatcanweinferfromBuettner’swords?A.Heengagesmoreindonation.B.Hehasmorefaithinhimself.C.Hebecomesanexpertinsports.D.Hegetsmoreinvolvedincontests.答案B[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“Ijustfeelsomesenseofcapability”可推知，Buettner对自己更加有信心。]7.WhatcanwelearnfromJulien’sstory?A.Hardworkmatters. B.Kindnessbearsfruits.C.Goodideaswinfavor. D.Trustpromotesfriendship.答案B[推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“JohnBuettnerwoulddreamof...mostoftheplaygroundatGlenLakeElementarySchoolisn’t.”和第二段中“Now，thankstothisteacherandherstudents，thatdreamisabouttocometrueinabiggerway.”可知，文章主要讲述了善良的老师和同学为了能让残疾的JohnBuettner和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。](2024·湖北武汉统考模拟预测)TheDaintreerainforestisoverflowingwithflora(植物群)andfauna(动物群)notfoundanywhereelseintheworld.Itisalsobelievedtobetheoldestcontinualareaoftropicalrainforestinexistence.Withmorethanhalfoftheworld’srainforestsalreadydestroyed，here’swhyitisimportanttohelpsupportactivitiestoensurethisimpressingpartofAustraliacan’tbedeveloped.HalfCutisaninnovativecharitycreatedin2017whichishelpingtosavetheDaintreerainforestinFarNorthQueensland.Infact，duringthelockdownsof2021，theyhelpedraisemorethan$1.2millionfortheDaintree“buyback”programwhichprotectedover500，000squaremetresofendangeredDaintreerainforest.Thisisequalto123.55footballfieldsworthoftropicalrainforest.AnyonewantingtosupporttheprotectionoftheDaintreeiswelcomebyHalfCut.CreatedbyJamesStandon－CookeandlifepartnerJessieClarke，thisenvironmentalactivityischallengingyoutocutoffhalfofyourhair，beardormoustache，sincehalfstylishfacemakeup，bakinggoods，andeventheoddhalf－cutlawnhavebeenpopularmorerecently.Ifyoufeellikespendinghundredsofdollarsincolouring，thenstyleyourhairadifferentshadeorbraid(编)halfofyourhair，undercutorevengetanormalhaircutshowinghalfofthelengthremoved.Visitwww.Go.HalfCtoshareyournewhairdoonsocialmediawithfriendsandfamilytohelpraisemoney.Every$2.50isonemoresquaremetresavedoftheworld’soldestrainforest.Itisuptoyouhowlongyoustayhalfcut.Itmaybeforaday，aweekorevenamonth.AllmoneydonatedhelpsprotectDaintreeRainforestinFarNorthQueenslandwhichprovidescrucialhabitatformanyendangeredspecies.Don’twanttomesswithyourperfecthair?ThenhelpspreadthewordbybuyingaHalfCutT－shirt，bag，hatorjacketandsave10squaremetresofrainforestforlifeperpurchase，orsimplymakeadonationtothisgreatcause.Itisallaboutdoingyourbittohelptoprotecttheoldestrainforestintheworld.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。8.WhydopeopleprotecttheDaintreerainforest?A.Ithasn’tbeendeveloped.B.Halfofithasbeendestroyed.C.Ithasuniqueecologicaldiversity.D.It’sthebiggesttropicalrainforest.答案C[细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheDaintreerainforestisoverflowingwithflora(植物群)andfauna(动物群)notfoundanywhereelseintheworld.”可知，人们要保护丹特里雨林的原因是它有着独特的生态多样性。]9.WhatcanweknowaboutHalfCutaccordingtothepassage?A.Ithashelpedsave123.55footballfields.B.Itraisesmoneyonlineforrainforestprotection.C.Itleadsthefashiontrendinthehairdressingindustry.D.Itdonates$2.50torainforestprotectionforeachcustomer.答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段中“HalfCutisaninnovativecharity...inFarNorthQueensland.”和第三段中“Visitwww.Go.HalfCtoshareyournewhairdo...tohelpraisemoney.”可知，HalfCut在网上为保护雨林筹集资金。]10.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphstalkabout?A.TheoriginofHalfCut.B.ThedevelopmentofHalfCut.C.TheservicesofferedbyHalfCut.D.ThewayspeoplecangetinvolvedinHalfCut.答案D[段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中“AnyonewantingtosupporttheprotectionoftheDaintreeiswelcomebyHalfCut.”和最后一段中“Thenhelpspreadthewordbybuying...toprotecttheoldestrainforestintheworld.”可知，最后两段主要讨论了人们参与到HalfCut中的方式。]11.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.ToinformpeopleoftheachievementsofHalfCut.B.ToadvocatereaderstosupportHalfCutandsaveforest.C.TointroducecurrentsituationoftheDaintreerainforest.D.Toraisegovernment’sawarenessofprotectingenvironment.答案B[写作意图题。根据第二段中“HalfCutisaninnovativecharitycreatedin2017whichishelpingtosavetheDaintreerainforestinFarNorthQueensland.”和最后一段中“Thenhelpspreadtheword...Itisallaboutdoingyourbittohelptoprotecttheoldestrainforestintheworld.”可知，文章主要介绍了HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。由此可推知，文章的目的是倡导读者支持HalfCut，来保护雨林。]Ⅱ.七选五(2024·河北联考)Entrepreneurs(企业家)shouldhavethegiftofseeingthingsinthepresent，eveniftheyareinthefuture.Tostartasuccessfulstart－up，threesimplethingsareneeded.1Timemanagement.Managingtimeefficientlyisthefeatureofasuccessfulbusiness.Smartmanagementoftimeandresourcesimpliesawell－thought－outplanandasmooth－oiledworkculture.Prioritizingtime，resources，andstaffbasedonthetasksathandwillalsoensurethatimportanttaskswillgetdone.2Therightwork，bytherightperson.Workingontherightthingbytherightpersonisprobablytheonlythingmoreimportantthanworkinghard.Donothesitatetodelegate(授权委派)whenthesituationcallsforit.3Everytimeyoustatewhatyouwant，itisamessagetobothyouandtheothersaboutwhatyouthinkispossible.Intheend，nothingshouldstopyouoryourteamfromgivingthebest.Eachmemberoftheteamshouldworktounderstandexactlywheretheirstrengthsareandworktogethertoensurethateverytaskgetscompletedbythepersonwiththebestexpertise.4Thestart－upcommunityisaclosewebgroup.Seekoutfellowentrepreneursandtalktothemaboutthechallengesandthrillsyouarefacingo