广东省清远市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语 含解析

清远市2024～2025学年第一学期高中期末教学质量检测高二英语注意事项：1.本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试题卷上无效。4.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。5.考试结束后,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后面有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答1～4题。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Ahostandaguest.B.Ateacherandastudent.C.Alecturerandalistener.2.Whatdoesthewomanuseinherart?A.Paint.B.Metal.C.Naturalobjects.3.WherewasthewomanwhenshecreatedTheWatchers?A.InNewZealand.B.InNewGuinea.C.InBrazil.4.Whydoesthewomanplantomakehernextartwork?A.ShelikestheviewsinBrazil.B.Shewantstotrynewmaterials.C.Sheintendstoappealtopeopletoprotecttheenvironment.听下面一段较长对话,回答5～8题。5.Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Bodylanguages.B.Communicatingskills.C.Meetingbetweencountries.6.WhatshouldthemandototheJapanesewomanaccordingtoMary?A.Shakehandswithher.B.Lookstraightather.C.Bowback7.HowdidthemanfeelwhenmeetingwiththeJapanesewoman?A.Regretful.B.Happy.C.Excited.8.Whatdoesthemandecidetodobeforeanothermeetingwithforeigners?A.VisitJapan.B.Thinkofmoregoodideas.C.Learnmorebodylanguages.听下面一段较长对话,回答9～12题。9.Wherearethespeakers?A.Overthephone.B.Inthehospital.CNexttoaswimmingpool.10.HowdidSamuelreactwhenhenoticedthegirlindanger?A.Hecalledtheinstructortohelp.B.Hejumpedintothepooltosaveher.C.Heshoutedforhelpfromotherswimmers.11.Whocalledtheemergencyhelp?CA.Samuel.B.Achild.C.Thegirl’sparents.12.WhatdidSamueldobeforetheemergencyservicesarrived?A.Heleftthescene.B.Hewaitedforthegirl’sparents.C.Hegavethegirlfirstaidandtreatedherinjury.听下面一段独白,回答13～16题。13.Whatkindoftoolsdowesternersusewhentheyareeating?A.Chopsticks.B.Onlyaspoon.C.Aknifeandfork.14.Howmuchfoodwouldwesternersoffer?A.Theamountpeoplecan’tmanage.B.Theamountpeoplecanjustmanage.C.Theamountlessthanwhatpeoplecanmanage.15.HowdoChinesehostsandhostessesshowtheirfriendliness?A.Bysaying“Helpyourself”.B.Bypersuadingthegueststoeatmore.C.Byofferingquiteanumberofalternatives.16.WhatdifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternersisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Foodculture.B.Waysofeating.C.Waystocommunicate.听下面一段独白,回答17～20题。17.WhatdidJanedowhenshewenttoAfrica?A.Shewenttouniversity.B.Shestudiedchimps.C.Shehelpedthepoorpeople.18.WhatdochimpseataccordingtoJane’sdiscoveries?A.Fruits.B.Nuts.C.Meat.19.HowdidJaneworkoutchimps’socialsystem?A.Bystudyingtheirbodylanguage.B.Byobservingtheireatingbehaviour.C.Byrecordingtheirspecialbehaviour.20.Whatisshebusydoingnow?A.Teachinginauniversity.B.Buildingwildlifeprotectionareas.C.Travellingaroundtheworldtospeakaboutwildlifeprotection.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分,满分27.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUKandInternationalArtCompetitionsin2024-2025TheHomiensArtPrizeClose:31stJanuary,2025Prize:6×$500(Eachofthe6winnerswillreceiveacashprizeof$500,alongwithaprofessionalprofileontheHomienswebsite,participationintheonlineexhibition,publicationinTheHomiens60,anoptionalinterview,andtheoptiontorequestaletterofrecommendation)What:Allartforms,anytheme.Who:UK&InternationalartistsDorsetArtPrizeClose:17thNovember,2024Prize:1stPrize:£1,000(age16-18&opencategory)2ndPrize:£750(age16-18&opencategory)3rdPrize:£500(age16-18&opencategory)What:Thisyear’sthemeis“Journey”,withparticipantsencouragedtouseanyvisualmediumincludingphotography,digitalart,fineart,animation,filmandsculpture.Who:UK&InternationalartistsBeyondFutureArtPrizeClose:15thNovember,2024Prize:1stPrize:£3,216What:Thisyear’sthemeis“Expression:CelebratingWomenArtists”.Acceptablemedia:OriginalPainting,Drawing,Photography,Digitalart,orShortfilmscreatedafteryear2023.Who:UK&internationalfemaleartists(aged15andabove)TheJohnRuskinPrizeClose:25thNovember,2024Prize:FirstPrize:£3,000SecondPrize:£2,000AlanDavidsonPrize:£1,000(forartists,designersandmakersagedunder26)InternationalPrize:£500(forartistsoutsideoftheUKworkinginanymedium)What:Allmediums,includingdrawing,painting,print,sculpture,photography,textile,animation,mixedmedia,digital,performanceandmore.Who:UK&Internationalartists1.Whichcompetitionwillgiveyouthelongesttimetoprepareyourworks?A.TheHomiensArtPrize. B.DorsetArtPrize.C.BeyondFutureArtPrize. D.TheJohnRuskinPrize.2.What’sthespecialaboutBeyondFutureArtPrize?A.Itsetsspecialawardsfordigitaldesigners.B.Itonlyallowswomenartiststoparticipate.C.Itrequeststheentriestohavethebesteffect.D.Itonlypermitsthoseabove16yearsoldtojoin.3.Whocangaintheprizeof£1,000?A.ThewinneroftheHomiensArtPrize.B.ThewinnerofBeyondFutureArtPrize.C.ThesecondprizewinnerofDorsetArtPrize.D.ThewinnerofTheJohnRuskinPrizeagedbelow26.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2024-2025年英国及国际艺术竞赛信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章TheHomiensArtPrize部分中“Close:31stJanuary,2025(截止日期：2025年1月31日)”、DorsetArtPrize部分中“Close:17thNovember,2024(截止日期：2024年11月17日)”、BeyondFutureArtPrize部分中“Close:15thNovember,2024(截止日期：2024年11月15日)”、TheJohnRuskinPrize部分中“Close:25thNovember,2024(截止日期：2024年11月25日)”可知，TheHomiensArtPrize的截止日期最晚，为2025年1月31日，因此给你最长的时间准备作品的是TheHomiensArtPrize。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章中BeyondFutureArtPrize部分中“Who:UK&internationalfemaleartists(aged15andabove)(参赛对象：英国及国际女性艺术家（15岁及以上）)”可知，它的特别之处在于只允许女性艺术家参加。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章中TheJohnRuskinPrize部分中“AlanDavidsonPrize:£1,000(forartists,designersandmakersagedunder26)(AlanDavidsonPrize：1000英镑（授予26岁以下的艺术家、设计师和创作者）)”可知，年龄低于26岁的TheJohnRuskinPrize的获奖者可以获得£1,000的奖金。故选D。BThisweekIvisitedCambodia,anditcouldnothavecomeata“hotter”time,inthemostliteralsenseoftheword,becausethetemperaturesinSiemReapwerealmost7°Caboveaverage.Thenightbefore,itrainedinafewareas,andIcouldseetheexcitementaroundmewithmanycallingtheirfamiliestosay,“Itrainedinmyvillage!”Butthissadlyseemedtobeanexception.Inmostareasofthecountry,farmershavebeenunabletoplantthesecondricecrop,leadingtoeconomichardship.AsImademyway,intheswelteringheat,tovisitasecondaryschoolintheruralareainSiemReap.AsIwalkedfromclassroomtoclassroom,Iwonderedhowlearningoutcomesmustbeimpactedbytheheatwaves,andwhatwouldhappentotheabilityofchildrentolearn,toplayandtoprogressinschool.Butwhatmademeexcitedwaslearningabouttheafter-schoolprogrammeonhandlingenvironmentalchallenges.Astemperaturesarerising,soarechildrenrisingtotheoccasion.Throughthelifeskillstrainingprogramme,studentsinGrade9,learntoanalyseproblems,learntoworktogether,learntofindsolutions.Theprogrammealsohelpsthemtounderstandtheenvironmentalchallengesoftoday’sworldandhowasyoungpeopletheycanbepartofthesolution.Intheafternoon,Iwenttoseetheimpactoftheirworkinthefield.Wehadlunchwiththecommunityleadersandyouthvolunteersaswellasa12-year-oldstudentfromtheschool.Theyshowedmewhattheyhaddoneintermsofwastemanagement.Thevillagewascleanandgreen.Andthecommunityleadersaidtome,“Iamgratefulforthisprogramme.”DuringthechatIthoughtyoungpeoplecanbeandmustbepartofthesolution.Theymaynotberainmakers,buttheycertainlyarechangemakers!4.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedwords?A.Lackofrainisbadforplantingcrop.B.RaininglessupsetssomeCambodians.C.Cambodiaissufferingfromdrought.D.SomeofCambodiansdislikeheaverain.5.WhatdidtheauthorfeelwhenseeingCambodianstudents?A.Concerned. B.Fullofadmiration. C.Annoyed. D.Filledwithstress.6.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheprogramme?A.Toimprovethestudents’lifeskills.B.Todemonstrateenvironmentalprotection.C.Tointroduceanewmethodtodealwithwaste.D.Toimprovestudents’awarenessofprotectingtheirenvironment.7.Whatisthemaintopicofparagraph5?A.Theprocessofwastemanagementinthevillage.B.Theauthor’slunchexperiencewithdifferentpeople.C.Theintroductionoftheafter-schoolprogrammeindetail.D.Theimpactofstudents’workonthevillageenvironment.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在柬埔寨的所见所闻，包括当地面临的干旱问题以及学生们通过课外项目积极应对环境挑战的情况。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Thenightbefore,itrainedinafewareas,andIcouldseetheexcitementaroundmewithmanycallingtheirfamiliestosay,‘Itrainedinmyvillage!’(前一天晚上，一些地区下了雨，我看到周围的人都很兴奋，许多人打电话给家人说，‘我的村子里下雨了！’)”和下文“Inmostareasofthecountry,farmershavebeenunabletoplantthesecondricecrop,leadingtoeconomichardship.(在该国大部分地区，农民无法种植第二季水稻，导致经济困难)”可知，大部分地区没有下雨，农民无法种植第二季水稻，说明柬埔寨正遭受干旱。由此可知，划线句子指的是柬埔寨正在遭受干旱。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AsIwalkedfromclassroomtoclassroom,Iwonderedhowlearningoutcomesmustbeimpactedbytheheatwaves,andwhatwouldhappentotheabilityofchildrentolearn,toplayandtoprogressinschool.(当我从一间教室走到另一间教室时，我想知道热浪会对学习成果产生怎样的影响，以及孩子们的学习、玩耍和在学校进步的能力会发生什么变化)”可知，作者看到柬埔寨学生时，对他们的学习和生活状况感到担心。故选A。6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Throughthelifeskillstrainingprogramme,studentsinGrade9,learntoanalyseproblems,learntoworktogether,learntofindsolutions.Theprogrammealsohelpsthemtounderstandtheenvironmentalchallengesoftoday’sworldandhowasyoungpeopletheycanbepartofthesolution.(通过生活技能培训项目，九年级的学生学会了分析问题、学会合作、学会找到解决方案。该项目还帮助他们了解当今世界面临的环境挑战，以及作为年轻人，他们如何能成为解决方案的一部分)”可知，设立这个项目的目的是提高学生的生活技能。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Intheafternoon,Iwenttoseetheimpactoftheirworkinthefield.Wehadlunchwiththecommunityleadersandyouthvolunteersaswellasa12-year-oldstudentfromtheschool.Theyshowedmewhattheyhaddoneintermsofwastemanagement.Thevillagewascleanandgreen.Andthecommunityleadersaidtome,‘Iamgratefulforthisprogramme’.(下午，我去看了他们在实地工作的影响。我们与社区领导、青年志愿者以及学校的一名12岁学生一起吃了午饭。他们向我展示了他们在废物管理方面所做的工作。这个村庄干净整洁，绿意盎然。社区领导对我说:‘我很感激这个项目’)”可知，第五段主要讲述了作者实地查看学生工作对村庄环境的影响，发现村庄因学生的努力而变得干净整洁，社区领导对此表示感激。故选D。CThepatientwasagoat.Itwasbeingtreatedforitsbladderstone（膀胱结石）.Itwasalsocontributingtonewresearchthataimstoaccuratelymeasurepainnotonlyingoats,butotheranimalsaswellandeven,oneday,inpeople.“Ifwesolvetheproblemwithanimals,wecanalsosolvetheproblemforchildrenandotherpatientswhocan’tspeak,"saidLudovicaChiavaccini,aclinicalassociateprofessorintheUniversityofFlorida’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine.Chiavacciniandhercolleaguesfilmedthefacesofgoatsthatwereinpainandthosethatwerecomfortable.Thentheyfedthedataintoanartificialintelligence-basedmodelwhichlearnttodistinguishgoatsinpainbytheirfacesalone.Accordingtothetest,theaccuracyofthesystem,trainedandtestedon40goatssofar,was62%to80%atidentifyingpainedfaces.Withdataonmoregoatsandotheranimalspecies,thesekindsofAImodelsmayhelpdoctorstreatpaineffectivelyinpatientstheycan’tspeakwith."It’snotjustananimal-welfareissue,”Chiavaccinisaid."Wealsoknowanimalsthatareinpaindon’tgainweight.Farmersarebecomingmoreandmoreawareoftheneedtocontrolpaininanimals.”Painassessmentinanimalshashistoricallybeenbothdifficultandsubjective（主观的）.Traditionally,veterinarians（兽医）hadtorelyondecadesofexperiencetomakecorrectjudgment.Researchershavedevelopedstandardizedpainscalesfordifferentspeciesinrecentyearstoreducesubjectivity,butthequalityofthosemeasuresvarieswildly.WhenChiavacciniandherteamstartedthestudy-inspiredbyagraduatestudent’sloveofgoats-therewasn’tanypainscaleavailableforgoatsatall."Today,asinglepainscoreforgoatsexists.Butitisonlysuitableformalegoatsthatareinpain,showingthatamoregeneralsystemisneeded,"Chiavaccinisaid.8.Howdoestheauthorbringinthetopicofthetext?A.Byraisingaquestion. B.Bydescribingascene.C.Bydoinganexperiment. D.Byanalyzingacase.9.Whydothefarmersintendtocontroltheanimals’pain?A.Toincreaseanimal’sweight. B.Toimprovetheirfarmingskills.C.Toreducetheirtreatmentcosts. D.Toimproveanimals’happiness.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"standardized"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Expensive. B.Temporary. C.One-formed. D.Complicated.11.What’sthebesttitleofthistext?A.Pain:Patients’SourceofSuffering B.AI:BringingHopetotheFutureC.Goats:theTargetofMedicalExperts D.AIModels:DetectingFacesinPain【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能模型可以准确识别山羊的疼痛，为动物和不会说话的病人提供更好的治疗机会。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepatientwasagoat.Itwasbeingtreatedforitsbladderstone（膀胱结石）.Itwasalsocontributingtonewresearchthataimstoaccuratelymeasurepainnotonlyingoats,butotheranimalsaswellandeven,oneday,inpeople.(病人是一只山羊。它正在接受膀胱结石的治疗。它还在为一项新的研究做出贡献，这项研究旨在准确测量不仅山羊，还有其他动物，甚至有一天还包括人类的疼痛程度。)”可知，作者通过描述一个山羊治疗膀胱结石并参与疼痛评估研究的场景，引出文章的主题，即利用AI模型检测疼痛。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Chiavaccinisaid."Wealsoknowanimalsthatareinpaindon’tgainweight.Farmersarebecomingmoreandmoreawareoftheneedtocontrolpaininanimals.(基亚瓦奇尼说：‘我们还知道，处于疼痛中的动物不会增加体重。农民越来越意识到控制动物疼痛的必要性。’)”可知，农民想要控制动物的疼痛是为了增加动物的体重。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Researchershavedevelopedstandardizedpainscalesfordifferentspeciesinrecentyearstoreducesubjectivity,butthequalityofthosemeasuresvarieswildly.(近年来，研究人员为不同物种开发了_____的疼痛量表，以减少主观性，但这些测量的质量差异很大。)”可知，“standardizedpainscales”应该是和减少主观性和测量的质量差异，让评估更规范统一相关的意思，指通用的系统。而C选项One-formed“统一的；一致的”，符合让疼痛评估有统一标准的意思。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Itwasalsocontributingtonewresearchthataimstoaccuratelymeasurepainnotonlyingoats,butotheranimalsaswellandeven,oneday,inpeople.(它还在为一项新的研究做出贡献，这项研究旨在准确测量不仅山羊，还有其他动物，甚至有一天还包括人类的疼痛程度。)”和第三段“Thentheyfedthedataintoanartificialintelligence-basedmodelwhichlearnttodistinguishgoatsinpainbytheirfacesalone.(然后，他们将数据输入一个基于人工智能的模型，该模型学会了仅通过山羊的面部表情来区分它们是否疼痛。)”以及第四段“Withdataonmoregoatsandotheranimalspecies,thesekindsofAImodelsmayhelpdoctorstreatpaineffectivelyinpatientstheycan’tspeakwith.(随着更多关于山羊和其他动物物种的数据，这些AI模型可能有助于医生有效地治疗无法交流的患者的疼痛。)”可知，文章主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的研究人员利用人工智能技术，通过山羊面部表情识别其疼痛程度的研究，以及该研究未来可能的应用。故D项“AIModels:DetectingFacesinPain（AI模型：检测疼痛中的面孔）”最符合文章主旨。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsformakingconversationSomepeopleseemtobeborntoknowhowtostartaconversationwithanyoneinanyplace.___12___Herearesomeeasywaystotalktoanewperson.Talkaboutthethingsaroundortheevent.Ifyou’reataparty,youcansaysomethingniceabouttheplace,thefoodorthemusic.Like“Ilovethissongalot.”“Thefoodisreallygood.Haveyoutriedthechicken?”___13___Forexample,“Ilikeyourbag,wheredidyoubuyit?”or“Youseemtoknowwhattodo.Canyoutellmewheretosignin?”Thesearethebesttopicsforpeoplepresenttotalkaboutwhatbothknow.____14____Agoodquestionrequiresmorethanjustayesornoanswer.Followthejournalist’swayandaskaquestionstartingwithoneofthe5W’s(or1H):who,where,when,what,why,orhow.Forexample,“Whodoyouknowhere?”“WheredoyouusuallygoonaFriday?”“Whendidyoumovehere?”“Whatkeepsyoubusy?”___15___“Howisthewine?”Mostpeopleliketotalkaboutthemselves,soaskingaquestionisagoodwaytostartaconversation.Listencarefully.Listeningisn’tthesameasjustwaitingtotalk.Youcan’tpayattentiontowhatothersaresayingifyou’rethinkingaboutwhatyou’llsaynext.Goodcommunicationneedsyoutofixyourattentioncompletelyonthespeakerandshowyourinterestintheirwords.Nodonceinawhile,smileatthem,andmakesureyourbodypositionisfriendlyandwelcoming.____16____Asamatteroffact,whattrulymattersisstillyourwillingnessandcourageAfterso,noonewillstartaconservationwithsomeonewhokeepssilentallthetime.A.GivingapraiseisOKtoo.B.Askanopen-endedquestion.C.Askquestionasmuchasyoucan.D.Sometimes,liesofgoodnesswillalsohelp.E.“Whydidyoudecidetobecomeavegetarian(素食主义者)?”F.Encouragethespeakertocontinueusingsimpleresponseslike“yes”or“uhhuh”.G.Ifyou’renotoneofthoseluckytypeswhocanmakefriendseasily,don’tworry.【答案】12.G13.A14.B15.E16.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于人们与陌生人开启对话的实用技巧，旨在帮助那些不太擅长主动开启交流的人更好地融入社交情境，展开良好互动。【12题详解】根据上文“Somepeopleseemtobeborntoknowhowtostartaconversationwithanyoneinanyplace.(有些人似乎天生就善于在任何地方与任何人开启对话)”可知，选项承接上文说如果你不是这类幸运儿也别担心，后面接着给出与陌生人交谈的简单方法，起到了很好的过渡衔接作用，逻辑连贯。故G选项“如果你不是这类幸运儿也别担心”切题。故选G。【13题详解】根据下文“Forexample,“Ilikeyourbag,wheredidyoubuyit?”or“Youseemtoknowwhattodo.(例如，“我喜欢你的包，你在哪里买的？”或者“你似乎知道该怎么做)”可知，后文是对是上文给出赞扬的具体说明。A选项“给予赞扬也是可以的”切题，引起下文。故选A项。【14题详解】根据下文“Agoodquestionrequiresmorethanjustayesornoanswer.Followthejournalist’swayandaskaquestionstartingwithoneofthe5W’s(or1H):who,where,when,what,why,orhow.(一个好问题需要的不仅仅是“是”或“不是”的答案。按照记者的方式，用5个W（或1个H）中的一个开头提问：谁、在哪里、何时、什么、为什么、如何)”可知，本段主要讲问一个开放式的问题。故B选项“问一个开放式的问题”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。【15题详解】根据上文“Forexample,“Whodoyouknowhere?”“WheredoyouusuallygoonaFriday?”“Whendidyoumovehere?”“Whatkeepsyoubusy?”(例如，“你在这里认识谁？”“你星期五通常去哪里？”“你什么时候搬到这儿来的？”“你为什么这么忙?”)”可知，前面已经列举了“Who”“Where”“When”“What”“How”相关的例子，这里补充一个“Why”开头的例子“Whydidyoudecidetobecomeavegetarian(素食主义者)?”，使例子更加完整全面。故选E。【16题详解】根据上文“Nodonceinawhile,smileatthem,andmakesureyourbodypositionisfriendlyandwelcoming.(时不时点头，对他们微笑，确保你的身势语是友好和受欢迎的)”可知，选项承接上文，这里鼓励说话者继续表达。F项“鼓励说话者继续使用简单的回答，如‘是’或‘嗯哼’”切题。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LorraineStewarthuggedher4-hour-oldboybabywhosenamewasCourtinherhospitalbed.Shortlyafter,adoctor____17____namedHallieAllisonenteredLorraine’sroom.AllisonwasexaminingLorrainewhenshe____18____thatCourtdidn’tmoveandhisfacebecamepale.Allisonmadea____19____todofirstaid.ShetookCourtfromLorraineandplacedhiminan___20___place.Withinseconds,shecalledherchargedoctor.“Something’snotright,”Allisonsaid.ThenAllisonstartedCPR.Theroombecame____21____quiet.Lorrainesatup,andshecouldhearthesoundofherownbreathing.Shehurtandwasexhaustedafter____22____thebaby.Meanwhile,ateamofnursesanddoctors____23____CPRonCourt.Finally,Courttookabreath.Thedoctor’s____24____wasthathe’dhadaseizure(癫痫),thoughwhattheyjudgedwasnottotally____25____.Doctorsletanursefeedhimsomeanti-seizuremedicine.Hesettledintotheintensivecareunit(重症监护室)forfurther_____26_____.Allisonwenthomeattheendofher_____27_____,butshethoughtaboutthemotherandherbaby.Shecalledhercolleaguesto_____28_____aboutthemthroughoutthenight.Shevisitedthemotherandherbabyeverydaywhenshewasatwork.Amonthafterbirth,Courtwenthome.Now,he’san_____29_____andhealthyone-year-oldboy,whichmadehisfamilyhappy.Inspiredbythisexperience,Allison_____30_____herfamilytoletherapplytodoctorpractitionerprogramme(执业医师项目).Thisyear,Allisonalsowonherhospital’sPresidentialAward.Whileonstageacceptingtheaward,shereceivedanother_____31_____—LorraineandCourtshowedup.17.A.applicant B.assistant C.employer D.explorer18.A.researched B.witnessed C.clarified D.revealed19.A.decision B.comment C.summary D.devotion20.A.appropriate B.unreal C.unreliable D.impressive21.A.slightly B.easily C.reasonably D.entirely22.A.abandoning B.adopting C.delivering D.educating23.A.wentthrough B.broughtforward C.subscribedto D.proceededwith24.A.application B.arrangement C.judgement D.operation25.A.urgent B.reliable C.complex D.visible26.A.defending B.stretching C.monitoring D.exposing27.A.duty B.bath C.tour D.panic28.A.worry B.hear C.bring D.inquire29.A.frightful B.creative C.sincere D.adorable30.A.convinced B.commanded C.arranged D.invited31.A.honour B.glance C.surprise D.recipe【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.A21.D22.C23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.D30.A31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生Allison在医院成功救助了一名新生儿Court，并因此受到启发决定申请执业医师项目，最终还获得了医院的总统奖，同时在颁奖现场与被她救助的母子重逢的感人故事。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久后，一名叫HallieAllison的医生助理走进了Lorraine的房间。A.applicant申请人；B.assistant助理；C.employer雇主；D.explorer探险者。根据下文“AllisonwasexaminingLorraine”可知，Allison正在给Lorraine做检查，由此可推知她是一名医生助理。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Allison正在给Lorraine做检查，这时她发现Court一动不动，脸色变得苍白。A.researched研究；B.witnessed目睹；C.clarified澄清；D.revealed揭示。根据下文“thatCourtdidn’tmoveandhisfacebecamepale”可知，Allison目睹了Court一动不动，脸色苍白情况。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Allison决定做急救。A.decision决定；B.comment评论；C.summary总结；D.devotion奉献。根据下文“todofirstaid”可知，Allison决定对Court进行急救。makeadecisiontodosth.表示“决定做某事”。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从Lorraine手中接过Court，把他放在一个合适的地方。A.appropriate合适的；B.unreal不真实的；C.unreliable不可靠的；D.impressive令人印象深刻的。根据上文“Courtdidn’tmoveandhisfacebecamepale.”可知，Allison要对Court进行急救，所以她需要把他放在一个合适的地方。故选A。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：房间里变得完全安静下来。A.slightly轻微地；B.easily容易地；C.reasonably合理地；D.entirely完全地。根据下文“quiet”以及“Lorrainesatup,andshecouldhearthesoundofherownbreathing”可知，房间里变得完全安静下来，以至于Lorraine能听到自己的呼吸声。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生完孩子后，她很疼，也很疲惫。A.abandoning抛弃；B.adopting收养；C.delivering分娩；D.educating教育。根据上文“LorraineStewarthuggedher4-hour-oldboybaby”可知，Lorraine刚刚分娩完孩子。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同时，一组护士和医生继续对Court进行心肺复苏。A.wentthrough经历；B.broughtforward提出；C.subscribedto订阅；D.proceededwith继续进行。根据下文“CPRonCourt”可知，医生和护士们继续对Court进行心肺复苏。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生的判断是他癫痫发作了，尽管他们的判断并不完全可靠。A.application申请；B.arrangement安排；C.judgement判断；D.operation手术。根据下文“thathe’dhadaseizure”可知，这是医生对Court病情的判断。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生的判断是他癫痫发作了，尽管他们的判断并不完全可靠。A.urgent紧急的；B.reliable可靠的；C.complex复杂的；D.visible可见的。根据下文“Doctorsletanursefeedhimsomeanti-seizuremedicine.”以及孩子最终被送往重症监护室可知，此时医生对Court病情的初步判断并不完全可靠，还需要进一步观察和治疗。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被安置在重症监护室进行进一步监测。A.defending辩护；B.stretching拉伸；C.monitoring监测；D.exposing暴露。根据上文“Hesettledintotheintensivecareunit”可知，Court被安置在重症监护室进行进一步监测。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Allison下班回家后，她一直想着那位母亲和她的孩子。A.duty值班；B.bath洗澡；C.tour旅行；D.panic恐慌。根据下文“butshethoughtaboutthemotherandherbaby”可知，Allison下班后一直想着那位母亲和她的孩子。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一整夜都在给同事打电话询问他们的情况。A.worry担心；B.hear听到；C.bring带来；D.inquire询问。根据下文“aboutthemthroughoutthenight”可知，Allison一整夜都在给同事打电话询问那对母子的情况。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，他是一个可爱又健康的一岁男孩，这让他的家人很高兴。A.frightful可怕的；B.creative创造性的；C.sincere真诚的；D.adorable可爱的。根据下文“andhealthyone-year-oldboy”可知，Court现在是一个可爱又健康的一岁男孩。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到这次经历的启发，Allison说服她的家人让她申请执业医师项目。A.convinced说服；B.commanded命令；C.arranged安排；D.invited邀请。根据下文“herfamilytoletherapplytodoctorpractitionerprogramme”可知，Allison说服了她的家人让她申请执业医师项目。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在台上接受颁奖时，她又收到了一个惊喜——Lorraine和Court出现了。A.honour荣誉；B.glance瞥见；C.surprise惊喜；D.recipe食谱。根据下文“LorraineandCourtshowedup”可知，在颁奖现场，Lorraine和Court的出现对Allison来说是一个惊喜。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AircraftdesignerGuSongfenandnuclearexpertWangDazhong___32___(award)theStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward,China’stopsciencehonour,on3rdNovember,2021.Theyreceivedtheprizefortheiroutstandingcontributionsto___33___(science)andtechnologicalinnovation.Bornin1930Guisawell-knownaircraftdesigner,andanaviationstrategyscientist.From1961to1986,heserved___34___thechiefdesigneranddirectoroftheShenyangAircraftDesignandResearchInstitute,___35___ispartoftheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina.He,togetherwithhisassistants,established___36___uniquesystem,whichwasfarmoreadvancedthanthatinAmerica.What’smore,hecarriedouttwoaviationstrategic___37___(research),makingasignificantcontributiontoChina’saviationscienceandtechnology.Bornin1935,Wangisa___38___(distinguish)scholarandstrategicscientistininternationalnuclearenergy.He___39___(commit)himselftodevelopingadvancednuclearenergysystemswithinherentsafetyfeaturessinceheworked.___40___impressesthenationisthathehashelpedChinamakegreatprogressinthedevelopmentofhigh-temperaturegas-cooledreactortechnology,_____41_____(lay)animportantfoundationforthecountrytostepintotheforefrontgloballyinthefieldofadvancednuclearenergy.【答案】32.wereawarded33.scientific34.as35.which36.a37.researches38.distinguished39.hascommitted40.What41.laying【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述飞机设计师顾诵芬和核能专家王大中获国家最高科学技术奖，表彰他们在航空和核能领域的杰出贡献的故事。【32题详解】考查时态语态。句意：2021年11月3日，飞机设计师顾诵芬和核能专家王大中被授予中国最高科学荣誉——国家最高科学技术奖。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语GuSongfen和WangDazhong是两个人，与谓语动词award是被动关系，且本句描述过去发生的事实，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wereawarded。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们因在科技创新方面杰出贡献而获奖。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词innovation，science的形容词形式是“scientific”。故填scientific。【34题详解】考查介词。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所（隶属于中国航空工业集团公司）的总设计师和主任。此处需要使用介词as与served搭配构成短语，即“serveas”意为“作为……身份”。故填as。【35题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所（隶属于中国航空工业集团公司）的总设计师和主任。此处需要使用关系词，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为ShenyangAircraftDesignandResearchInstitute，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：他和他的助手们建立了一套独特的制度，比美国先进得多。system是可数名词，此处表泛指，unique辅音音素开头，此处需要使用不定冠词a。故填a。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：而且，他开展了两项航空战略研究，为中国航空科技事业做出了重大贡献。此处需要使用名词被形容词strategic修饰，research可数名词，此处表达复数意义。故填researches。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：王大中出生于1935年，是国际核能领域的杰出学者和战略科学家。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词scholar，distinguish的形容词形式为“distinguished”意为“杰出的”。故填distinguished。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：自工作以来，他一直致力于开发具有固有安全性的先进核能系统。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语为He，根据时间状语从句sinceheworked可知，此处本句时态为现在完成时，表动作的持续。故填hascommitted。【40题详解】考查主语从句。句意：令国人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷堆技术发展方面取得了巨大进步，为中国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。此处需要使用连接词引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语指物，用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令国人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷堆技术发展方面取得了巨大进步，为中国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，lay用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填laying。第四部分基础知识（共三节,满分35分）第一节单项选择（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。42.Thedoctor________findingasolutiontoasevereillness,whichcausedsomanydeaths.A.devotedhimselfon B.devotedhimselftoC.managedto D.depende