2025高考英语大二轮语言运用篇-完形填空和语法填空类型1　句内层次题

2025高考英语大二轮语言运用篇——完形填空和语法填空完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇230词左右的短文中设空15处，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。新课程标准要求考生能在语境中理解具体词语的功能、内涵和外延以及使用者的意图和态度；能理解语篇中特定语言的使用意图以及语言在反映情感态度和价值观方面所起的作用。卷别年份短文词数体裁主题语境题目类型名词动词形容词副词词组或短语新课标Ⅰ2024234记叙文人与自我：运动兴趣和运动经历57111(动)2023227记叙文人与社会：越野赛跑中救助受伤对手84201(动)2022228记叙文人与自我：野营过程中经历的趣事54312(1动1介)新课标Ⅱ2023231记叙文人与社会：定居意大利以及意大利的风土人情58101(动)2024221记叙文人与社会：帮助别人用飞机运输宠物狗35412(动)2022202记叙文人与社会：通过当看房人来环球旅游743101．设题规律短文首句交代故事背景，一般不设空。选项主要是实词，以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词，虚词基本没有。四个选项语法形式一致，但意义相差甚远。正确选项个数分布均等或基本均等。2．选材特点材料主要来源于英文报刊或国外网站。主题语境包括“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。短文长度200多词(200－240)，常考记叙文。未来的考试中可能会增加熟词生义词和转化词的新考法，如2024年的九省联考试题中：Myphonewas41，too.此空填dead，熟义是“死的”，但是在这里考查了生义“(因为缺电)不运行的”。Afteraboutanhour，he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.此空填pronounced，熟义是“发音”，但是在这里考查了生义“宣布”。53hisclothes，workingonahotSeptemberafternoon，thismansavedacollegestudentfromdisaster...此空填Soiling，soil最常用作名词，意为“泥土，土壤”。但此处转化成了动词，意为“弄脏”。类型1句内层次题句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文义的前提下，利用本句的一些信息，凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，学生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。根据生活常识或文化背景选词将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，但仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅰ)IdreamedofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasat线索信息workoneday，I49herbikeandwentforaride.A．painted B．borrowedC．bought D．parked[1]读句寻找线索信息：语段中“IflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister”为线索信息。[2]对比选项，根据生活常识进行推断：“我”乘飞机去看姐姐，应该是在她那儿短暂停留，所以是借姐姐的自行车去骑行。[3]复核验证，得出答案：把B项代入原文，句意通顺，合乎逻辑，故B项为正确答案。技法归纳即时演练1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ)FamiliesforbigmealsonSundays，birthdays，andwhateverotherexcusestheycancomeupwith.A．gatherB．cheerC．leaveD．wait2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ)DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly，Itoaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.A．planned B．struggledC．refused D．happened3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)BaileythentoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline，thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.A．wentaway B．stoodupC．steppedaside D．bentdown根据“对应成分分析法”选词完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，句子的各个成分之间存在一定的对应关系。学生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与设空处相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，从而推断出设空处的答案。典例剖析(2024·全国甲)BornjustbeforeWWⅡ，mygrandmother关键线索143anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestyle关键线索2frommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboyswere关键线索3favoredmuchmorethangirls，mygrandmahad关键线索4tostayathometodo46.43．A.adjusted B．promotedC．achieved D．experienced46．A.gardening B．homeworkC．business D．housework[1]读句找寻前后对应成分：仔细阅读语段可知，关键线索1和关键线索2为对应成分；关键线索3和关键线索4为对应成分。[2]对比对应成分，做出合理判断：对比关键线索1和关键线索2可知，祖母出生在二战前，和“我”接受的教育相比，一定是她所经历的不同于“我”的；对比关键线索3和关键线索4可知，在典型的家庭中，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，所以祖母不得不待在家里做家务。[3]对比选项，得出答案：对比选项可知第43题D项“经历”符合；第46题D项“家务活”符合。所以两题答案都为D。技法归纳即时演练1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Asafoodie，thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach，andnowherefuelsmyquitelikeItaly.A．ambition B．successC．appetite D．growth2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Eachtownhasitsowntraditional，andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.A．costume B．dishC．symbol D．tale3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith.A．courage B．aidC．patience D．advice根据习惯用法或固定搭配选词解题时通过分析习惯用法、固定搭配以及句子结构，进行有效的推理判断，从而选出正确选项。学生在解题时要灵活地运用一些常用的习惯用法、固定搭配，学会分析句子结构。典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅰ)SoIturnedtocycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.IofenteringcycleracesuntilI定位关键词：介词offlewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.A．heard B．dreamedC．complained D．approved[1]定位空后关键词：空后介词of为关键词。[2]构成搭配，弄清意思：四个选项与介词of构成短语后的分别意思为：hearof听说；dreamof梦想；complainof抱怨；approveof赞成，批准。[3]填空验证，得出答案：将各选项填入空格后，只有B项句意通顺，“我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我姐姐。”故B项为正确答案。技法归纳即时演练1．(2024·全国甲)Asalwaysmygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood...Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontoto：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbookscomealive.A．attendB．referC．leadD．talk2．(2024·浙江1月)Inthecourseofacoupleofhours，heshowedmejusthowmuchonecangainfromtravelingwithanopenmind，andawillingnesstowithlocalsfromallwalksoflife.A．cooperate B．sideC．negotiate D．engage3．(2023·全国乙)TheChinesecoachDouglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld，helpingherskyrocketfromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.A．forced B．transformedC．persuaded D．put根据逻辑关系选词语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在单个句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答完形填空题最基本的方法就是根据空处前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的判断。典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Whatever54lifeinItalymighthave，the关键词：引导让步状语从句problemsareforgottenonceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.线索信息句A．disadvantages B．meaningsC．surprises D．opportunities[1]定位关键词：whatever为关键词。[2]确定句内前后关系：whatever引导让步状语从句，表明前后为让步关系。[3]根据句意，确定答案：主句句意：一旦你坐下来与朋友和家人一起吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记了。根据前后为让步关系，说明空处单词应与problem同义，从句句意应是“不论你生活中可能有什么样的不愉快的事。”对比选项可知，A项符合句意。技法归纳即时演练1．并列关系(2024·全国甲)There，theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheirwhiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.A．secret B．breathC．view D．tongue2．因果关系(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Hercamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.A．delay B．chanceC．trouble D．excuse3．转折关系(2023·新课标Ⅱ)George，thehusband，wastryingtobecalm，butIcouldtellthiswasforhim，havingtoleavehisdogtoastrangerandtrustthateverythingwouldworkout.A．hardB．fineC．commonD．lucky4．递进关系(2020·全国Ⅲ)Ifyoudo，youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthateveryone’sday.A．ruinsB．makesC．startsD．saves答案精析解法11．A[gather聚集；cheer欢呼；leave留下；wait等待。根据下文“onSundays，birthdays，andwhateverotherexcusestheycancomeupwith”，再结合生活常识可知，在这些时间意大利家庭热爱聚餐。故选A。]2．B[plan计划；struggle努力，争取；refuse拒绝；happen出现，发生。根据上文“DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly”和生活常识可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。]3．D[goaway离开；standup站起来；stepaside让路；benddown弯腰。根据下文“letLenoueclimbontoherback”及生活常识可知，Bailey只有弯下腰，Lenoue才能爬到她的背上。故选D。]解法21．C[ambition雄心；success成功；appetite食欲；growth发育。根据上文“Asafoodie”可知，作者是一个美食家，所以应该是“刺激食欲”。故选C。]2．B[costume服装；dish菜肴；symbol符号；tale故事。结合上下文可知，本段内容与饮食有关。再结合下文“everyfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother”可推知，此处指每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴。故选B。]3．B[courage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根据上文“Baileytookherarm”可知，此处表示“看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走”。故选B。]解法31．D[以上选项与后面的介词to构成固定搭配后意思分别是：attendto处理，照料；referto参考；leadto导致；talkto与……谈话。根据上文“mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood”可知，作者的祖母会讲自己小时候的故事给作者听。所以童年背景和经历的不同让祖母成为一个很棒的交谈对象。故选D。]2．D[以上选项与后面的介词with构成短语后的意思分别是：cooperatewith与……合作；sidewith支持某人(反对……)；negotiatewith与……协商；engagewith与……建立密切关系。根据空后“withlocalsfromallwalksoflife”可知，此处指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engagewith。故选D。]3．B[force强迫；transform转换，改造，彻底改变；persuade劝说；put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，o...是固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”。故选B。]解法41．B[secret秘密；breath呼吸；view视野；tongue舌头。根据上文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandhold”可知，此处描述的是他们下水的一系列动作，在水下肯定是屏住呼吸。故选B。]2．A[delay延误；chance机会；trouble麻烦；excuse借口。根据下文“becauseshewascarryinga．..acrossthefinishline”可推知，她背着另一名竞争对手冲过终点线会造成延误。故选A。]3．A[hard困难的；fine好的；common常见的；lucky幸运的。根据上文“wastryingtobecalm”，转折词but以及下文“havingtoleavehisdogtoastrangerandtrustthateverythingwouldworkout”可推知，此处指George很难冷静下来。故选A。]4．A[根据上文的“youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthe...developsintoanunpleasantsceneand...”可知，and连接的三个句子在意思上层层递进，最终造成不好的结果，即毁掉(ruin)大家的一天。故选A。]类型2句组层次题类型3语篇层次题根据首尾/前后文呼应选词有时完形填空题的第一个空需要读完全文才能做出正确选择，有时最后一个空呼应全文主题，需要结合全文主题(往往是开头首句)才能作答。此类跳跃性较强的设空需要考生牢牢把握住首尾呼应，结合鲜明统一的主题来敲定答案。典例剖析(2024·全国甲)...Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboyswere45muchmorethangirls，mygrandmahadtostayathometodo46.Theonlyopportunity(机会)shecouldseizeto47waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese48withthefamilytutor...I’veneverfacedtheproblemof58.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbookscomealive.A．unemployment B．healthC．education D．communication分析此题根据就近上下文信息找不到答案，需要利用前后文呼应法来选词。根据上文中“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”和“Theonlyopportunity(机会)shecouldseizetostudywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.”可知，祖母没有机会上学，所以此处指作者从来没有遇到过教育方面的问题。故选C。即时演练1．(2023·全国甲)Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes，wewereworriedbecausetheyweresomisshapen：notatalllikethenice，round，shinythingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy，inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(标签)onit.Thesecan’tbeanygood，wethought.Butwewerethankfulforhiskindness，sowetriedthem.Whatwediscoveredisthatit’sunwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits.ThosetomatoeshadatastethatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.A．appearance B．qualityC．origin D．price2．Itwasasnowyday.Ithefriendwhosatwithmeonwinterevenings，talkingaboutourexperiencesandthoughts—atrueconversation...IhadalmostgivenuphopeoffindinganotherfriendlikethatafterImovedtothiscity.Iwantedtoinviteawoman...A．met B．missedC．visited D．helped根据文章发展脉络选词叙事类的完形填空的一般行文结构：故事开端——发展——高潮——结局。因此在解题时，考生必须把握文章的走势，了解文章的发展脉络，揣摩文章字里行间的意义，选择与作者思路或意图相吻合的选项，例如上文有因为，下文必然有所以；上文有其然，下文必有其所以然。典例剖析(2022·全国甲)Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs....Thenextweekwewalkedourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchourbreath，Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)？Ilikedhimtoo，butsosoon？Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.Inthatmoment，Ibegantofallforhim....Ayearlater，muchtomydelight，thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down，nordidIneedhimto.That’sonlyforgiving60tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.A．toysB．awardsC．foodD．water分析利用文章发展脉络解题。文章首段提出了一个观点：从一个人如何对待自己的狗能看出他的为人。根据下文可知，作者是一位动物爱好者，她的男友Steve也是一位动物爱好者。在两人约会的过程中，Steve喂作者的小狗喝水的一幕深深打动了作者。一年之后，作者欣然接受了Steve的求婚。Steve没有通过下跪的方式向作者求婚，因为作者认为下跪这个动作只是为了给那些让他们走到一起的小狗们“喝水”才做的。故选D。即时演练(2024·山东济宁三模片段)本文的故事脉络是“65岁的动画教授NancyBeiman在退休后尝试连环画创作→创造出了FurBabies系列→朋友漫画家LynnJohnston就如何写小剧本给了她一些建议→她写了24个迷你剧本→成功与GoComics网站签约”。NancyBeimanwas65.Whenshewasconsideringretirementfromherjobasaprofessorofanimation，shehadnocluehowshewouldfillherdays.1this，shewokeuponedaywiththeideaforacomicstrip(连环画)．Beimanhadbeendoingheranimationmostlyoncomputersbutforthisnewidea，shereturnedtodrawingcharactersonpaper.The2wasFurBabies，aseriesaboutamixedfamilyofdogs，acatandachildwhocanallspeakthesamelanguage.Beimanwasn’tplanningoncontinuingwiththeideauntilsheshowedthemtoherfriend，thecartoonistLynnJohnston，whothought3ofthedrawingsandgaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(剧本)．Followingherfriend’s4，shewrote24mini-scripts.Afewmonthslater，shesubmittedthemtothewebsiteGoComicsandsuccessfullygot5.1．A.Dreamingof B．InsistingonC．Puzzlingover D．Missingout2．A.concept B．resultC．phenomenon D．proof3．A.highly B．lightlyC．logically D．curiously4．A.example B．guidanceC．heart D．passion5．A.refused B．inspiredC．signed D．promoted根据熟词生义选词熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。此类题目通常考查单词的语境含义，而不是我们所熟知的教材上所给的意思，甚至词性也不是常见的，而是进行了转化。如：典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅱ)ButeverytimeItriedto43asentenceofItaliantogether，thelocalssmiledatmeandpraisedmylanguageskills.A．stringB．hangC．mixD．match分析细读本句可知句意为“但每次我试着用意大利语一个句子时，当地人都会对我微笑，称赞我的语言能力。”对比选项推断只有A项意思合适，因为string的熟义是“n.线，细绳，带子”，生义就转化成了动词，意为“串起来”。用在此处非常恰当，因为“我”的意大利语不熟练，只能把单个的单词串成一个句子。故选A。技法归纳即时演练1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)OnOct.11，hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota...Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe，they’vesincebecomefriends.A．ride B．testC．meet D．show2．(2023·全国乙)Shehadtosaygoodbyetohertwodogsandtothebeach，whereshelovedtowavesonherboard.A．cause B．observeC．ride D．strike答案精析解法11．A[appearance外观；quality质量；origin源头；price价格。结合前后文可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现它的味道比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选A。]2．B[根据语篇后面段落内容可知，作者搬到一个新城市后，几乎没有信心找到一个可以坐下来一起聊天的朋友。由此推断，作者想念她的朋友。故选B。]解法21．C[dreamof梦想；insiston坚持；puzzleover对……感到困惑；missout错过。根据上文“Whenshewasconsideringretirementfromherjobasaprofessorofanimation，shehadnocluehowshewouldfillherdays.”可知，Beiman应该是不知道退休后如何生活，因此是对此感到困惑。故选C。]2．B[concept概念；result结果；phenomenon现象；proof证据。根据下文“wasFurBabies，aseriesaboutamixedfamilyofdogs，acatandachildwhocanallspeakthesamelanguage”可推知，连环画FurBabies系列应该是Beiman创作出的结果。故选B。]3．A[highly钦佩地，赞赏地；lightly轻微地；logically合乎逻辑地；curiously好奇地。根据下文“gaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(剧本)”可知，Johnston就如何创作小剧本给了Beiman建议，由此推知，身为漫画家的Johnston对Beiman的作品评价很高，鼓励她进一步创作，固定短语thinkhighlyof意为“欣赏”。故选A。]4．B[example例子；guidance指导；heart心；passion激情。根据上文“gaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(剧本)”可知，Johnston给了Beiman建议，因此Beiman是在朋友的指导下写剧本。故选B。]5．C[refuse拒绝；inspire启发；sign签约；promote提升。根据上文“shesubmittedthemtothewebsiteGoComicsandsuccessfullygot”可推知，她应该是就这些连环画成功和GoComics网站达成合作，成功签约。故选C。]新考法1．C[结合上文“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”及“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知，此处表示这两名年轻女子在“比赛(meet)”前是陌生人，但后来成了朋友。meet常见的意思为“相遇，遇见”，在此处的语境中意为“体育比赛，运动会”，故选C。]2．C[由上文“thebeach”及下文“wavesonherboard”可知，她喜欢在海滩上“冲(ride)”浪。本题考查ride的生义，意为“漂浮”。ride(the)waves意为“冲浪”。故选C。]根据词语复现选词词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同/近义词(如difficult与challenging)、同源词(如happy与happiness)、上下义(如vegetable与eggplant)、反义词(如wrong与right)等形式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅰ)I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.关键信息句关键复现词：与选项B为原词复现WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriendwonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunningregularly，butthentwothingshappened.First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewastrainingfora“super”，referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then，thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest，Ihatedit!Betweenthegirlmakingmy45seemsmall空格前后关键信息andthepureboredomofjogging，IdecidedthattheonlyreasonwhyI’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!A．advantage B．achievementC．contribution D．influence[1]对比上下文与选项看是否有词语复现：第一段的achievements与B项achievement为原词复现。[2]“瞻前顾后”找规律：第一段句意：在我的生活中，别人的成就一直激励着我，也让我失去动力。空处前后意为：让我的显得微不足道。根据这两处信息推断：别人的成就会激励“我”，也会让“我”感到没有动力，空处应该是别人的成绩让“我”的成就显得非常渺小，所以就没有了信心。[3]复核验证，确定答案：把achievement填到空处后，句意通顺，上下文逻辑通畅，故B项为答案。技法归纳即时演练1．同/近义词复现(2020·全国Ⅱ)Itwassigned(签名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenheresearchedit，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrenchhehadneverheardof.HeboughtabookandwassurprisedtofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesamegardenashisfather’spainting.A．painterB．designerC．authorD．actor2．同源词复现(2022·全国乙)Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Eachsatdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.A．parent B．childC．researcher D．doctor3．上下义复现(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Ourinthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.A．joys B．ideasC．roles D．choices根据作者情感态度选词在做完形填空题时，考生一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和情感色彩的重要词汇。作者在选择使用特定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情和意愿。考生做题时要抓住这个线索，根据态度一致原则，进行合理推测，从而快速确定某些题目的正确答案。典例剖析(2024·全国甲)Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.Iam56thatIdidnotneedtogothroughthehardshipslikeshedid.A．grateful B．surprisedC．convinced D．regretful分析根据上文“Mychildhoodis...hers.”可知，与她(此处指作者的祖母)的童年相比，作者的童年是相当幸福的。由此可推知，作者很感激(grateful)自己不需要经历像祖母经历过的那样的困难。故选A。即时演练1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Hewassoandsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.A．thankful B．generousC．proud D．sympathetic2．(2021·全国乙)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude(感谢)．...Shewasforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.A．grateful B．thoughtfulC．sorrowful D．fearful3．(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Dad.Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework，hetoldme.A．cried B．smiledC．hesitated D．refused根据语境暗示选词完形填空的每一道题都有依据，考生须在上下文中寻找依据。有时候问题的答案只需要考虑设空处所在句或该句的上文或下文，但有时需综合考虑上下文。总结成口诀：每道题必有据，上下求索找信息。典例剖析(2024·新课标Ⅱ)AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome，Idiscoveredhow46Italiansare.[1]定位设空句关键信息1Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoortoremindmetoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.关键信息2A．open-minded B．strong-willedC．warm-hearted D．well-informed[2]上下求索，找出关键信息：根据下文关键信息1：邻居们会给“我”送来新鲜的奶酪和关键信息2：下雨的时候会来“我”家门口提醒我关上车窗，可推知作者发现意大利人都很热心。[3]对比选项，得出答案：对比四个选项，可知C项“warm-hearted”热心的符合句意，故选C。技法归纳即时演练1．上文信息(2024·浙江1月)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina，Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChinesemanapproachedmeonthetrain.MyfriendspokevirtuallynoEnglish，soIhappilytookthechancetopracticemyChinese.A．true B．so-calledC．new D．long-lost2．上下文信息(2022·新课标Ⅰ)Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewasuncomfortable，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.Sotyinghimup，Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.Itworked—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.A．dueto B．insteadofC．apartfrom D．asfor答案精析解法11．A[由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“findapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。故选A。]2．B[根据上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.”可知，此处表示每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B。]3．C[根据下文“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears...fromthebelt.”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责，作用”，故选C。]解法21．A[thankful感激的；generous慷慨的；proud骄傲的；sympathetic同情的。根据下文“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures”和“Ihadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。]2．A[依据上文中的“gratitude(感谢)”可知，此处是她感激医护人员为她做的一切。故选A。]3．B[根据下文说到的作者的父亲童年时期的“打工”经历可知，作者的父亲是理解作者当下的感受的，所以他会心一笑(smile)。因此选B。]解法31．C[true真的；so-called所谓的；new新的；long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor”可知，两人是新认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。]2．B[dueto由于；insteadof代替，而不是；apartfrom除了；asfor至于。根据上文“Hewasuncomfortable，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。]热考点模拟练——同源高考主题集训(限时60分钟)A(2024·湖南永州三模，主题同源2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Davehadalwayslovedtheocean.Youwouldn’tbelievehowexcitedhewasatChristmaswhenseeingagift-wrapped1.Butwhenhebegantosurf，something2happened.Davethoughtheknewthewaterwell，butabigwave3himaway.Davefeltpowerlessagainstthe4inthedeepwaterandlostconfidence.Justthenanothersurferpaddledupbesidehim.“CanIhelpyou？”heasked.Dave5him.ItwasMike.“Icanhelpyoubacktoshore，”hecontinued.“First，youneedto6thatfearandrelaxalittle.”Davebegantorelaxhisgrip.“Good，”saidMike.“Letthewavepickyouup，then7yourweightforward.Asyoustarttobuildupspeed，moveyour8backuntilyoufeelbalanced.Justenjoytheride.”WhenDavereachedthe9neartheshore，hewasburstingwithexcitement，fascinatedthatthecurrentwhichhadterrifiedhimwasseenasahelpfulwaybyMike.Hehad10this.Hewasrighttobe11ofthebigwaves，butnolongerdidhefeeloutofhis12.“Lookslikeyoudon’tneedmeanylonger，”saidMike.“Youarea13.Havefun.”Davetookalastwave，14itconfidentlytotheshore.Watchingthesignsofthetideandthesizeofthewaves，herealizedtheyhadn’tchanged.Itwashewhowasreallydifferent—strongerandmoreconfident.Theprevious15hadgivenwaytojoyandexhilaration.1．A.surfboard B．wetsuitC．shorts D．glasses2．A.exciting B．joyfulC．scary D．sorrowful3．A.put B．sweptC．gave D．attracted4．A.beach B．seaweedC．shore D．current5．A.recognized B．challengedC．questioned D．joined6．A.thinkof B．speakofC．letgoof D．takenoticeof7．A.take B．loadC．bear D．shift8．A.weight B．focusC．legs D．hands9．A.sands B．shallowsC．destination D．center10．A.quit B．sharedC．doubted D．grasped11．A.cautious B．afraidC．tired D．sceptical12．A.sight B．breathC．depth D．mind13．A.survivor B．competitorC．professional D．natural14．A.fighting B．ridingC．breaking D．beating15．A.self-respect B．self-confidenceC．self-criticism D．self-doubtB(2024·山东聊城二模，主题同源2023全国乙卷)EverySaturdaywetrainedwiththesamemarathonrunningclub.Ihadnoideahewasblindbecausehe1pastmealongsidehisguiderunner.IttookafewweeksbeforeIwas2askinghimwhat，ifanything，hecouldsee.Iwasn’tjust3byhisrunningtimes.Healsohadabeautifulsmilethatlituptheroom.Wehadourfirst4dateclimbingthefamoussandduneonPacificCoastHighway.Eightyearsintoourmarriage，Adriandecidedtolearnto5，sohecouldfulfillhisdreamofcompetinginanIronmantriathlon.Adrian’sfirstlessonwasa6，buthiscoach’senthusiasmwasshort-lived.Hisnextinstructorwaseasytogiveinandrecommendedmyhusband7swimming.So，beingacompetitiveswimmerinhighschool，Iwas8Icouldteachhim.SoonIrealizedhowmuchofa9swimmingwasformyhusband，evenwithatetherrope.Hisprogressateachlessonwasslowbut10.Nearlyamonthlater，hetriedwithoutthetetherrope，but11goinginthewrongdirection.EverytimeIraisedmyvoiceovertheroaringwaveshefeltso12bymyinstructions.FortunatelythesedayswelaughbecauseAdrianisevenfasterthanIam.Hehasgrownmore13withmewhenIhavetoraisemyvoice.I，14，nolongersay，“Youwentthewrongway！”，whichmakeshimfeelbad.Instead，Isay，“Overhere，”towhichhe15，andthenswimsbacktowardme.1．A.jumped B．flewC．rode D．drove2．A.comfortable B．pleasedC．awkward D．anxious3．A.influenced B．defeatedC．confused D．impressed4．A.easy B．officialC．vital D．complete5．A.run B．bikeC．swim D．diet6．A.mess B．reliefC．success D．disaster7．A.abandon B．keepC．risk D．appreciate8．A.confident B．doubtfulC．grateful D．fortunate9．A.benefit B．burdenC．regret D．struggle10．A.slim B．steadyC．hard D．alarming11．A.gradually B．rarelyC．cautiously D．frequently12．A.encouraged B．worriedC．frustrated D．surprised13．A.patient B．carefulC．popular D．disappointed14．A.infact B．inbriefC．inturn D．inreturn15．A.looks B．nodsC．bows D．shoutsC(2024·湖南株洲三模，主题同源2022新课标Ⅱ卷)JamesMogajiisasecurityofficeratProvidenceCollegeRaymondHallinRhodeIsland.Hisenthusiasmmadehimsuchanintegralpartofhisstudents’livesthatthey1himasoneoftheirownfamily.DanielSingh，asophomore，describedMogajiasanattractive2intheirresidencehall，“He’ssomeoneyou’re3to.Hewasreallykindandcompassionate.”Thestorytakesa(n)4turnwhenthestudentsdiscoverthatMogajihasnot5hisfamilyinNigeriaformorethanadecade.Thediscoverysparkedawaveof6enthusiasmamongthestudents.Outofsympathy，thestudents7afundraiserforhim.Therewasoverwhelming8fortheirefforts，withnearly800donationsreceived，exceeding(超过)their9goal.ThestudentsgatheredaroundMogajiand10himanenvelopecontaining$3,000tohelppayforhistriptoNigeria.Itwasaheart-warmingscene.11moved，Mogajicoveredhisfacewithhishandsandfelltohiskneesinshock.“Wetakecareofourfamily.That’swhatwedohereatProvidenceCollege，”saidthestudenthandingthe12toMogaji.“Weloveyou.You’repartofthefamily.”Thestudents’13hasnotonlytouchedhearts，butalsomadedreams14.Mogajiisplanninghislong-awaitedtriptoNigeriainJune，atripmadepossiblebythe15andsolidarityofauniversitycommunitythattrulyembodies(体现)thespiritoffamily.1．A.impressed B．registeredC．accepted D．intended2．A.figure B．sculptorC．composer D．designer3．A.recommended B．movedC．preferred D．attracted4．A.sudden B．touchingC．smooth D．interesting5．A.phoned B．heardC．found D．seen6．A.flat B．curiousC．genuine D．responsible7．A.started B．requiredC．recognized D．contacted8．A.legend B．supportC．doubt D．view9．A.positive B．achievableC．glorious D．initial10．A.handed B．showedC．lent D．awarded11．A.Finally B．MerelyC．Visibly D．Likely12．A.handkerchief B．envelopeC．ticket D．passport13．A.impact B．planC．hope D．action14．A.cometrue B．getacrossC．goeasy D．fallapart15．A.cuteness B．effectC．kindness D．wisdomD(2024·福建宁德三模，主题同源2020新课标Ⅰ卷)Acoupleofweeksago，IventureddowntoCharlotte，NC，tomeetColeRosenberger，whohadaseriouspassionforprotectingforests.Iwantedto1sharehisstorywithyou.Cole2meinMarchaskinghowhecouldhelpprotectNorthCarolina’scoastalforests.Bythe3ofhisemailIassumedhewasinhighschool，soIsenthimmaterialsthatIthoughtwouldbe4andtalkedwithhimaboutour5.Afewweekslaterheinformedmethathehadreceivedthe6fromhisprincipaltogetpostcardssignedbythekidsathisschoolanddevelopeda(n)7plan.ItwasalsoatthistimethatI8a“secret”emailfromCole’smom，lettingmeknowthatheiseightyearsoldandreallyexcitedaboutthisproject.That9meaway!ColeorganizedhiselementaryschooltosignpostcardstoaskMcDonald’stouse10packaging.Afewmonthslater，McDonald’sdecidedtouse100%recycledfibersintheirbags.Thiswin11Coletodomore，andhewasreadyto12KFC.Hepartneredwithsevenschools，gottheattentionofmedia，and13over6,000postcardstoKFC’sheadquarters.IttookseveralyearsbeforeKFC14tousemorerecycledpaperinitspackaging.Ialmostcriedatthebeautyand15ofyouthto