五种基本句型课件高中英语初高中衔接

请准备好你的笔记本、双色笔,极度的学习激情!

温馨提示Theworldbelongstotheenergetic.世界属于充满活力的人。五种基本句型结构review（一）挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.(二)挑出下列句中的表语--Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.--Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.--SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.(三)挑出下列句中的定语1.Whatisyourgivenname?2.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.3.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.4.Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.(五)挑出下列句中的状语①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.GrammarRevision

BasicSentencePatterns简单句基本句型基本句型一

S+Vi(主+谓)特点：谓语动词能表达完整意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Thesunrises.S+ViSVi（不及物动词）Time(fly)Class(begin)Theman(notsmoke)I(laugh)Thesun(rise)fliesbeginsdoesn’tsmokeamlaughingrisesTheystoppedtotakeashortrest.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.【活学活用】请用“主语＋不及物动词”的句型翻译下列句子。1．太阳在照耀着。__________________________________________________2．太阳已经升起了。3．我们勤奋学习。__________________________________________________4．我们大家都要呼吸、吃和喝。Thesunwasshining.Westudyhard.Weallbreathe,eatanddrink.Thesunhasrisen.Thegirlsrunfast.Thegirlinblackruns

fast.Thegirlinblackranfastestinthesportsmeeting.Thegirlinblackranfastestinthesportsmeetingin2007.1.我们学校的学生数量到目前为止已经增加到8000多人。Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolhasincreasedtomorethan8,000thisyear.2.接下来的几年，家乡发生了巨大的变。Greatchangestookplaceinmyhometowninthenextfewyears.基本句型二S+Link-V+P（主语+系动词+表语）

，说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。S+Link-V+PIamastudent.SV（系动词）PI

(be)astudent.He

(feel)

happy.Everything

(look)fun.He

(seem)sad.Theweather(become)coolamfeelslooksbecomesseems表示特征或存在状态的：be,seem,appear,look,feel,smell,taste,sound,表示状态延续的：remain,stay,keep,continue.表示状态变化的：become,get,grow,turn,go,run,fall,come,prove.【活学活用】请用“主语＋系动词＋表语”的句型翻译下列句子。1．这台机器的情况良好。__________________________________________________2．丝绸摸起来又软又滑。3．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。__________________________________________________4．真相是他失踪了。(表语从句)__________________________________________________Thismachineisingoodcondition.Silkfeelssoftandsmooth.Heseemedinterestedinthebook.Thetruthisthatheismissing.1.除此以外，学会唱中文歌曲应当是个不错的主意。

2.面临困难，我们应当勇敢。

3.当我回到家之后，我感到非常高兴，因为我帮助了别人。Theboyiscute.Thelittleboyis

verycute.Thelittleboywhohassmalleyes

isverycute.

基本句型三

S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)特点：谓语动词有实义，但不能表达完整意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。S+Vt+OIateanapple.ＳVt(实义动词）Ｏ

1.Who

2.She

3.They

(know)

(laughat)

(eat)

theanswer?

herfriend.

someapples.

knowslaughedatate【活学活用】请用“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。1．她微笑着表示感谢。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．我想喝杯茶。__________________________________________________Sheexpressedherthankswithasmile.Iwouldliketohaveacupoftea.2．他们想查明谁打烂了窗户。Theywantedtofindoutwhobrokethewindow.3．他不介意受到老师的责备。Hedidn'tmindbeingblamedbytheteacher.

基本句型四S+Vt+DO+IO

(主+谓+间宾+直宾)特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。S+Vt+IoHepassedmeabook.Do+ＳＶt（及物）DO间宾（人）IO直宾（物）He2.She

3.He

(pass)

(bring)

(buy)

herme

you

adress.

awatch.

abook.

passedbroughtbought【活学活用】请用“主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。1．我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。2．太阳给了我们光和热。3．Mr.Smith教我们数学。Iwanttochooseasuitablepresentforhim.Thesungivesuslightandwarmth.Mr.SmithteachesusMath.leave(留给某人……),leavesbsth(leavesthtosb)pass(递给某人……),

pass

sbsth(passsthtosb)read(给某人读……),

read

sbsth(readsthtosb)write(给某人写……),writesbsth(writesthtosb)take(给某人拿……),

take

sbsth(takesthtosb)show(给某人看……),

show

sbsth(showsthtosb)teach(教给某人……),teachsbsth(teachsthtosb)lend(借给某人……),

lend

sb.sth(lendsthtosb)return(还给某人……)returnsbsth(returnsthtosb)hand(递给某人……)hand

sbsth(handsthtosb)throw(扔给某人……)throwsbsth(throwsthtosb)get(为某人弄到……),get

sbsth

(getsthforsb)pay(支付给某人……),pay

sbsth(paysthforsb)buy(为某人买……),

buy

sbsth(buysthforsb)sing(为某人唱……)singsbsth(singsthforsb)cook(为某人煮……)cooksbsth(cooksthforsb)choose(为某人选择……)choosesbsth(choosesthforsb)make(为某人做……)makesbsth(makesthforsb)save(为某人留……)savesbsth(savesthforsb)fetch(为某人去取……)fetchsbsth(fetchsthforsb)基本句型五S+Vt+O+C主+谓+宾+宾补特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才使意思完整。S+Vt+CTheycallmeJohn.O+ＳVt（及物）Ｏ（宾语）Ｃ（宾补）We2.They

3.What

(keep)

(call)

(make)

thetable

him

himclean.

Bob.

happy?

keepcallmakes【活学活用】请用“主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补”的句型翻译下列句子。1．那噪音快要使我发疯了。2．我们要使学校变得更美丽。3．他请我们参加做游戏。Thenoiseisdrivingmecrazy.Wemustmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Heaskedustojoininthegame.英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。一：Ｓ+Vi（主＋谓）二：Ｓ+Link-V+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）三：Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）四：Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）句型练习

---------简单句1.事故是昨天发生的。2.我们已经在这个城市里生活了十年。3.刚才他看上去有些焦急。4.这棵树比以前长得高多了。1.Theaccidenthappenedyesderday.2.Wehavelivedinthecityfortenyears.3.Helookedworriedjustnow.4.Thetreehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore.5.他打算在即将到来的五一外出旅游。6.他爸爸给他买了一本词典作为生日礼物。7.他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。8.老板让他整天做那项工作。5.HeplanstotravelinthecomingMayDay.6.Hisfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent.7.Hisfathertoldhimnottoplayinthestreet.8.Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday.我的爷爷是位退休教师。现在他和我们住在一起。他在阳台上种了各种各样的花。花儿使我们家变得更加漂亮。爷爷给我们带来了更多快乐。[写作要求]1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2.五个句子必须分别用到简单句的五种基本句型。小结性巩固：Mygrandfatherisaretiredteacher.Nowheliveswithus.Hehasgrownallkindsofflowersonthebalcony.Theflowersmakeourhomemorebeautiful.Mygrandfatherbringsusmorehappiness.即时练习并列句(compoundsentence):

把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.

IturnedontheTVandwatchedit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.并列句并列句请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.Hewastired,sohewenttobed.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.4.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.

1.Longlongago,thereivedagirlcalledXiaoFang.

2.Therestandsatalltreeonthetopofthemountain.

3.Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.

4.Thereenteredawomanwithababyinherarms.

Therebe,live,exist,stand,lie,remain,go,come,enter,follow1.我兜儿里只剩下10元钱了。2.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。总结：五种基本句型歌

英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。

句型种类为动词，后接什么是关键；

系词后面接表语；vi独身无牵连；

vt又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见，

还有宾语补足语；各种搭配记心间。

复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.并且一般位于从属连词之后。Bythetimehearrived,1wehadalreadyleft.2请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。从句主句在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：

1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句5.状语从句6.定语从句1.我们什么时候举办运动会还没定下来。Whenwewillholdthesportsmeetinghasn’tbeendecided.2.我不知道什么时候举办运动会。Idon’tknowwhenwewillholdthesportsmeeting.3.我的问题是我们什么时候举办运动会。Myquestioniswhenwewillholdthesportsmeeting.4.我们什么时候举办运动会这个问题还没得到答复。Thequestionwhenwewillholdthesportsmeetinghasn’tbeenanswered.5.当我们举办运动会的时候下大雨了。Itrainedheavilywhenweheldthesportsmeeting。6.上周举办的运动会很成功。Thesportsmeetingwhichwasheldlastweekisverysuccessful.I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.

Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.

有下划线的词叫从属连词(subordinatingconjunction)常用并列连词

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:

选择并列连词:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,while,yetfor,soor,either…or1.Herfatherlooksyoung.2.SheteachesusEnglish.3.Thechildrenarejumpingandlaughinghappily.4.Heoftentellsmesomestories.

5.Thestudentsmustkeeptheireyesclosed.

主+系+表Ｓ+Link-V+Ｐ主+谓+间宾+直宾Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO主+谓Ｓ+Vi主+谓+间宾+直宾Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO主+谓+宾+宾补Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ+Ｃ1.Plantsneedwater.2.Theflowerissofresh.

3.Thesunrisesintheeast.

4.Hegivesmesomeflowers.5.Weshouldkeeptheroomclean.主+谓+宾Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ主+系+表Ｓ+Link-V+Ｐ主+谓Ｓ+Vi主+谓+间宾+直宾Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO主+谓+宾+宾补Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ+Ｃ★不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以get为例：He'sgettingangry.(______________)Hegotthroughthewindow.(__________________)You'llgetasurprise.(_______________)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(_______________)Hegothimselfintotrouble.(_______________)Hegotherasplendidpresent.(__________________)S+v+P

S+v+OS+v+OS+v+O+OcS+v+O+OcS+v+O+OEx.HecanspeakEnglishfulently.Wehavereadmanybooks.Theydoshoppingattheweekend.Busesrunfromdawntillmidnight.Wearestudyinghard.Hebecameascientist.Wemadehimourmonitor.Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherlikethat.Hehadputthebookonthedesk.S+v+O

S+v+O

S+v+OS+vi

S+vi

S+v+P

S+v+O+OcS+v+O+Oc

S+v+O

1.Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.2.I’llhavemybikerepaired.3.Istayedawakeuntil11:30oneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.4.Annenamedherdiarykittybecauseshethoughtitwasherbestfriend.S+V+O+OcS+V+O+OcS+V+PS+V+O+Oc5．他突然病倒了。__________________________________________________6．你长得比以前高了。__________________________________________________7．他长大后当了教师。__________________________________________________8．他静静地站着。__________________________________________________9．电梯坏了。__________________________________________________Hehassuddenlyfallenill.Youhavegrowntallerthanbefore.Hebecameateacherwhenhegrewup.Hestoodquitestill.Theliftisoutoforder/hasgonewrong.5．我认为他今晚不会来了。__________________________________________________6．我忘了要在哪儿接她了。________________________________________________