2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题20　重大政治、历史事件与文化渊源(教师版)

话题20重大政治、历史事件与文化渊源

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2024·河北省衡水中学五调考试)

CallforEntries：YoungWomenWriters’Competition

GuardianWeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomen

aged16－21onthethemeof“Conversations”.

HowtoEnter

Allyouhavetodoissubmita700－wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyour

talents—onthethemeof“Conversations”.Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversation

withyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchangedhowyouviewedher?Doyoufind

havingcertainconversationsreallyhard，andifso，why?Isthereaconversationyou

regret，oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We’rekeentohearaboutyourpersonal

experiences.

ThePrizes

Therewillbeonewinnerandtworunners－up.Thethreewinnerswilleach

receive￡250.ThewinnerswillbenotifiedbyemailortelephoneonorbeforeJune30，

2023andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes.Aspartoftheeditingprocess，the

threewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardianWeekendeditortodiscuss

andedittheiressayforpublication.Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceiveaone－to

－oneworkshopwithaneditor.

Rules

Followalltherulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

■Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson.Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwill

notbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.

■Thecompetitionopensat9：00amonMay22，2023andclosesat11：59pm

onJune9，2023.Entriesreceivedoutsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered.

■Yourentrymustnotbecopied，andmustnotcontainanythird－partymaterials

orcontentthatyoudonothavepermissiontouse.

■Youmustincludeyourname，ageandcontactdetails，includingyouremail

addressandphonenumber.

【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了《卫报周末》杂志为16到21岁的英

国女性举办了一场以“对话”为主题的写作比赛。

1.What’sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?

A.Regrets.B.Conversations.

C.Grandmother’syouth.D.Personalexperiences.

答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段“GuardianWeekendmagazineislaunchinga

writingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16－21onthethemeof‘Conversations’.”

可知，写作比赛的主题是“对话”。]

2.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?

A.Anadditional￡250.

B.Avideoofthecompetition.

C.Apriornotificationofthewin.

D.Aone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.

答案D[细节理解题。根据ThePrizes中最后一句“Theoneoverallwinnerwill

alsoreceiveaone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.”可知，总冠军将获得与编辑

进行一对一研讨会的额外奖励。]

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A.Co－authoringanentry.

B.Includingcontactdetails.

C.MailingyourentryonJune1，2023.

D.Usingothers’contentwithpermission.

答案A[推理判断题。根据Rules中“Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnot

beacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.”可知，如果联合提交作品，将被

取消参赛资格。]

TheSisterRiceFestivalisheldeveryyearinGuizhou’sTaijiangCounty,where

97percentofthe168，000peoplearefromtheethnic(民族的)Miaogroup.Itisan

ancienttradition,whichbringsmenandwomentogetherthroughfood,giftsandmusic.

Inthedaysbeforethefestival,youngwomengatherleavesandwildflowers,

whichtheyusetodye(给……染色)stickyricewithbrightcolors.Thisbrightlycolored

rice,knownasSisterRice,givesthefestivalitsname.Duringthefestival,theyoung

womendressinbeautifultraditionalclotheswithlargeamountsofsilverjewelry(首

饰).

Thefestivalincludesparades,horseracesandmusicalperformances.Butthereal

focusistheinteractionbetweentheyoungwomenandtheyoungmenwhovisitfrom

surroundingvillagesandsingsongs.Inonetraditionaltypeofsong,amananda

womantaketurnstosingtoeachother,andthefirstonetomakeamistakelosesthe

game.Thelosermustgivethewinneragift,butthewinnerisexpectedtogiveagiftin

return,too.

Aftermeetingthemen,thewomensendthemhomewithabamboobasket

containingdyedriceandhiddenobjectswithspecialmeanings.Forexample,apairof

chopsticksindicatesthatshewantstomarrytheman,whilegarlicshowsthatsheisnot

interested.

Oneofseveralstoriesaboutthefestival’sbeginningisaboutagirlandaboywho

fellinlove.Thegirl’sparentswantedhertomarryheruncle’sson.Sherefused,andthe

boylikewiserefusedtomarryanyoneelse.Foratime,theycouldonlymeetinafield

andpasshiddenmessagestoeachotherthroughriceinabamboobasket.Finally,the

pairovercametheirparents’oppositionandwereallowedtomarry.

TheSisterRiceFestivalisperhapstheoldestfestivalinAsiathatencourageslove.

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述贵州苗族姊妹节的习俗及它的起源。

4.Whatisthepurposeofyoungwomencollectingleavesandwildflowers?

A.Todecoratetheirrooms.

B.Tosellthemandmakemoney.

C.Togivestickyricedifferentcolors.

D.Tocoversomeobjectsinabasket.

答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的Inthedaysbeforethefestival...withbright

colors.可知，年轻的女子收集叶子和野花的目的是给糯米染不同的颜色。]

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheactivitytakingplaceinthefestival?

A.Waterskiing.B.Horseraces.

C.Parades.D.Singingsongs.

答案A[细节理解题。根据第三段中的Thefestivalincludesparades,horseraces

andmusicalperformances.可知，waterskiing(滑水)不在此节日的活动中。]

6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Awomanoftenlosesthegame.

B.Ahiddenpairofchopstickssuggestsgoodthings.

C.Thewinnerneednotsendagift.

D.Oftenamanneedstosingsongstoayoungwoman.

答案B[推理判断题。根据第四段Aftermeetingthemen...notinterested.可以推

断，一双藏在竹篮里的筷子暗示着好事。]

7.ThestoryinParagraph5tellsusthat.

A.theboy’sparentsdidn’tlikethegirl

B.theywerenotmarriedintheend

C.theboyrefusedtomarrythegirlatfirst

D.thericeinthebamboobasketcarriedtheirlove

答案D[推理判断题。第五段主要讲苗族姊妹节的起源故事——一个女孩和一

个男孩坠入了爱河。根据文中Foratime,theycouldonlymeet...inabamboobasket.

可知，本段的故事告诉我们竹篮里的米承载着他们的爱。]

Ifheisinatightspot,saysTroubleKalua,peoplementionhisname,asking,

“Whatdoyouexpect？”ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,hisfatherhadlosthis

jobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthebabynearly

died.“Thisboyistrouble，”hisfathersaid.“HisnameisTrouble.”

AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastorybehindthem.Yewande,forinstance,isa

Yorubanamemeaning“motherhaspaidmeavisit”，givenwhenanolderfemale

relativediesjustbeforeagirlisborn.Kiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthfor

motherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya.

ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,atleastwhenitcomesto

Englishnames.AskZimbabweansabouttheirschoolfriendsandyouwillheardifferent

registers:Lovemore,Hopewell,Innocence,Patience,Knowledge,Fortune,Brilliant.A

Malawian(himselfGolden)listsfriendsnamedGoodfriday,WisdomandIron.

InZimbabwechildrenwerelonggivenAfricannameswithmeaning.Thispractice

switchedafterBritishcolonization(殖民),whenhavinganEnglishnamewasseenasa

wayofgettingahead.Namesmayrefertoconditionsaroundthebirth,aqualityparents

seeinthechild,anaspiration(期望)forthemorevenforthecountry.

UnderwhiterulesomechildrenwerecalledDemocracy,Freedomor,allegedly,

PollingStation.Othernamessuggestedprogress.Oneventurecapitalistrecallsschool

friendsnamedComputer.

Names,andthelanguagetheyarein,reflectchangingtimes,too.InZimbabwe,

whoseeconomyisfallingdown,onecomesacrosspeoplenamedNoMoney.Inmany

placesAfricannamesaresupplanting(取代)Englishones.InrecentyearsinSouth

Africa,Enzokuhle(“todogood”inXhosa),hasbecomeoneofthemostpopularnames,

perhapsinspiredbyapopularsong,“Enzo”.

ItmaybethatnamessuchasSaladNthendawillbecomerelics.TheMalawian,

whosemotheratelotsofvegetableswhenpregnant(怀孕的),sayshis“namefeltgood

fromdayone”.Helovesthe“uniqueness”.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnot

care.

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍的是非洲人名字的特点及其取名字的各

种讲究，同时也介绍了非洲人的名字也有着各种各样的寓意：非洲人的名字不仅

反映了非洲发展的历史，还照亮了人们对未来的渴望。

8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinparagraph1?

A.Bysharingastory.B.Bycomparingfacts.

C.Byreportingfindings.D.Bypresentingfigures.

答案A[写作手法题。根据首段中的“ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,his

fatherhadlosthisjobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthe

babynearlydied.‘Thisboyistrouble，’hisfathersaid.‘HisnameisTrouble.’”

可知，该段作者分享了TroubleKalua这个人名字背后的故事，引出本文的话题。

故选A项。]

9.Whatwillababybenamedifhismotherhassomedifficultyingivingbirthtohim?

A.Yewande.B.Kiptanui.

C.Freedom.D.Enzokuhle.

答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段“Kiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthfor

motherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya”可知，因分娩时

难产，很可能给孩子取名时与此事件相关。因此如果一个孩子的母亲在生他的时

候有困难，会给孩子取Kiptanui这个名字。故选B项。]

10.WhatdoesSaladNthendathinkofhisname?

A.Interesting.B.Meaningless.

C.Important.D.Special.

答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Helovesthe

‘uniqueness’.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnotcare.”可知，Salad

Nthenda认为自己的名字很特别。故选D项。]

11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.StoriesBehindSomeNames

B.SomeStrangeNamesinSouthernAfrica

C.NamesinSouthernAfricaAreBothCreativeandMeaningful

D.One’sNameIsCloselyConnectedwithItsCountry’sHistory

答案C[标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastory

behindthem.”以及第三段“ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,at

leastwhenitcomestoEnglishnames.”并结合文章中列举的实例，可知，南部非洲

人的名字极富创造力又有意义。故选C项。]

Ⅱ.七选五

(2024·潍坊二模)

TheMalaysiannightmarketisbasedonaconceptofopen－airshoppingwhere

streetvendors(小贩)takeoveradesignatedstreettosetupstalls(货摊).Thenight

marketistheplacewhereyoucanhangaroundthestalls,enjoythesmelloflocalfoods

andmaybepickupsomeitems.

Eachnightmarketcomprisesadifferentcombinationofstalls.1Thereis

alwayssomethingnewandexcitingtolookforwardtoateachvisit.

Thenightmarketsaretypicallyfrom5pmtill10：30pm.Youcangetanything

fromnightmarkets,beitgroceries,clothing,goodlocalfood,hotsnacks,household

items,freshproduce,andeventhelateststyles.Byaround6pm,themarketisinfull

swingasthefirstgroupsofpeoplesweepin.Forthosewhocook,thereisstallupon

stallsellingfreshseafood,meatproducts,andalimitlessvarietyofvegetables.2

Itisnosecretthatall－nightmarketsshareacommontreasure—tastystreet

cuisine.3Theever－popularsoybeandrinkandsugarcanejuiceareapermanent

featurehere.

4Therefore,itisnotaplaceforthefaint－heartedorthegentle.Tomany,

theyarefunandthrillingplacestoexplore.Youcanevenbeaddictedtodiscoveriesof

theantiquekindwhichcanbefoundinsomenightmarkets.

Someplacesare24－hourmarkets,whicharelivelieratnightwhentraderssetup

numerousstallssellingunusuallocalfood,exotictropical(热带的)fruits,cheap

c