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话题6健康的生活方式
Ⅰ.阅读理解
FromthelushgreenhillyoucanseeLjubljana,thecapitalofSlovenia,inthe
distance.Populationsofdeer,rabbitsandturtlelivehere.Theairiscleanandtheonly
signsthatwearestandingabovea24-metre(79feet)deeplandfillarethemethane
gaspipesrisingfromthegrass.
LjubljanaisthefirstEuropeancapitaltocommittogoingzero-waste.Butfifteen
yearsago,allofitsrefusewentstraighttolandfill.“Andthatisexpensive,”says
NinaSankovicofVokaSnaga,thecity’swastemanagementcompany.“Ittakesup
spaceandyou’rethrowingawayresources.”
Sothecitydecidedtochangecourse.
Itbeganin2002withseparatecollectionofpaper,glassandpackaginginRoadside
containerstands.Fouryearslaterthecitybegancollectingbiodegradablewastedoorto
door;separatecollectionofbiowasteissettobecomemandatoryacrossEuropein
2023,butLjubljanawasnearlytwodecadesaheadofthecurve.
In2013,everydoorstepinthecityreceivedbinsforpackagingandpaperwaste.And,
mostcontroversially,scheduledcollectionsoftheresidualwastewerecutby
half—forcingpeopletoseparatetheirrubbishmoreefficiently.
Theresultshavebeenimpressive.In2008,thecityrecycledonly29.3%ofitswaste
andwaslaggingbehindtherestofEurope.Todaythatfigureis68%,anditslandfill
receivesalmost80%lessrubbish,puttingitatthetopofthecyclingleaderboardof
EUcapitals.TheSloveniancapitalnowproducesonly115kgofresidualwasteper
capitaannually(theEuropeancitywiththelowestfigureisthemuchsmallerTreviso,
Italy,at59kg).
1.Whatistheusageofthepiperisingfromthegrass?
A.Asigntoshowthereisadeeplandfill.
B.Toemitgasrisingfromthegrass.
C.Todischargemethanefromthedeeplandfill.
D.Awaterpipetowatergrass.
2.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mandatory”inParagraph4?
A.Compulsory.B.Typical.
C.Normal.D.Reasonable.
3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechangeofLjubljana?
A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.
C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.
4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythepassageappear?
A.Society.
B.Geographyeducation.
C.Tourism.
D.Environmentalprotection.
Restrictingmealstoearlyinthedaydidnotaffectweightamongoverweightadults
withprediabetesordiabetes,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAmericanHeart
Association’sScientificSessions2020.
“Wehavewonderedforalongtimeifwhenoneeatsduringthedayaffectstheway
thebodyusesandstoresenergy,”saidstudyauthorNisaM.Maruthur,associate
professorofmedicineinJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore.“Mostprevious
studieshavenotcontrolledthenumberofcalories,soitwasn’tclearifpeoplewhoate
earlierjustatefewercalories.Inthisstudy,theonlythingwechangedwasthetimeof
dayofeating.”
Maruthurandthecolleaguesfollowed41overweightadultsina12-weekstudy.Most
participants(90%)wereAfricanAmericanwomenwithprediabetesordiabetes,and
averageageof59years.Twenty-oneoftheadultsfollowedatime-restrictedeating
pattern,limitingeatingtospecifichoursofthedayandate80%oftheircaloriesbefore
1pm.Theremaining20participantsateatusualtimesduringa12-hourwindow,
consuminghalfoftheirdailycaloriesafter5pmfortheentire12weeks.All
participantsconsumedthesamepre-prepared,healthymealsprovidedforthe
study.Weightandbloodpressureweremeasuredatthebeginningofthestudy,thenat4
weeks,8weeksand12weeks.
Theanalysisfoundthatpeopleinbothgroupslostweightandhaddecreasedblood
pressureregardlessofwhentheyate.“Wethoughtthatthetime-restrictedgroup
wouldlosemoreweight,”Maruthursaid.“Yetthatdidn’thappen.Wedidnotseeany
differencesinweightlossforthosewhoatemostoftheircaloriesearlierversuslaterin
theday.Wedidnotseeanyeffectsonbloodpressureeither.”
Theresearchersarenowcollectingmoredetailedinformationonbloodpressure
recordedover24hours,andtheywillbecompilingthisinformationwiththeresultsof
astudyontheeffectsoftime-restrictedfeedingonbloodsugar,insulinandother
hormonesandmakinganalysesonthefindings.“Together,thesefindingswillhelpus
tomorefullyunderstandtheeffectsoftime-restrictedeatingoncardiometabolie
health,”Maruthursaid.
5.Whatmadethestudydifferentfromearlierones?
A.Participants’age.
B.Participants’dailyeatingtime.
C.Thenumberofparticipants.
D.Theresearchmembers.
6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Theresearchprocedure.
B.Theresearchresult.
C.Theresearchpurpose.
D.Theresearchinstitution.
7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?
A.Bloodpressureisconnectedwitheatingtime.
B.Absorbinglesscaloriesearliermakesforweightloss.
C.Eatingtimedeterminestheeffectoflosingweight.
D.Takingincaloriesearlierdoesn’timpactweightloss.
8.Whatmaytheresearchersdonextaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Stopresearch.B.Announcefindings.
C.Analyzedata.D.Writeessays.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·山东省烟台市一模)
Someyearsago,Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour.Thebuswasfilled
withcold,tiredpeople__1__withoneanother.Twomen__2__ateachotherforan
unintentionalpush.Anelderlywomangoton,andnobodyofferedhera__3__.Anger
wasintheair;no__4__couldbefoundhere.
AsthebusapproachedSeventhAvenue,thedriver’swordscamefromthe
speaker.“Folks,”hesaid.“Iknowyou’vehada(n)__5__dayandthatyouare
depressed,butIwill__6__.Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff,dropyour
__7__intomypalm(手掌).MyroutegoesrightbytheHudsonRiver,intowhichI’ll
__8__them.”
Itseemedasifaspellhadlifted.Everyoneburstoutlaughing,theirfacesshiningwith
__9__.Thepassengerswhohadbeen__10__eachother’sexistenceweresuddenly
grinning(咧嘴笑)ateachother—isthisguyserious?
Atthenextstop,justas__11__,thedriverheldouthishand,palmup,andwaited.All
the__12__passengersperformedthegestureofdroppingsomethingintohispalm.The
driver__13__thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed.
Occasionallywemaysinkintoagreyworld,butsomeonecan__14__itlikearayof
light,showingushope.Whatifwearethelight?__15__,anyonepossessesthepower
toshineonothers’darkdays.
1.A.satisfiedB.associated
C.impressedD.annoyed
2.A.wavedB.nodded
C.barkedD.shot
3.A.reminderB.seat
C.rideD.choice
4.A.mercyB.fortune
C.courageD.security
5.A.toughB.average
C.importantD.fruitful
6.A.makecommentsB.showup
C.helpoutD.takerisks
7.A.memoriesB.troubles
C.faultsD.tips
8.A.transformB.stretch
C.accompanyD.cast
9.A.envyB.greed
C.pleasureD.pride
10.A.suspectingB.ignoring
C.expectingD.appreciating
11.A.orderedB.promised
C.requestedD.reported
12.A.chosenB.fooled
C.sittingD.exiting
13.A.repeatedB.designed
C.interpretedD.evaluated
14.A.divideB.explore
C.rewardD.brighten
15.A.HoweverB.Instead
C.ActuallyD.Consequently
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·浙江省绍兴市高三二模)
EatingChinesefoodcanbebeneficialforyourhealth.Chinesedishesareoftenpacked
withvegetables,leanproteins,andhealthygrainslikericeandnoodles,which
1.____________(make)themagreatsourceofvitamins,nutrients,andotheressential
2.____________(mineral).
Chinesefoodisalso3.____________(relative)inexpensive,makingitagreatoption
foreaters.Manydishescanbeeasilycustomizedtomeetdietaryrestrictionsor
preferences,andtakeoutopt
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