广州中考英语阅读训练单选题100道及答案

广州中考英语阅读训练单选题100道及答案1.Whatisthemainpurposeofatrafficlight?A.Tomaketheroadlookcolorful.B.Tocontroltheflowoftraffic.C.Toprovidelightatnight.D.Todecoratethestreet.Answer:B.解析：交通灯的主要作用是控制交通流量，A选项说让道路看起来多彩，C选项说为夜间提供照明，D选项说装饰街道，都不是其主要目的。2.Whichofthefollowingisarenewableenergysource?A.Coal.B.Oil.C.Solarpower.D.Naturalgas.Answer:C.解析：太阳能是可再生能源，而煤炭、石油和天然气都是不可再生能源。3.Inastory,whatdoesthesettingreferto?A.Themaincharacter'sfeelings.B.Thetimeandplacewherethestoryhappens.C.Theprobleminthestory.D.Thesolutiontotheproblem.Answer:B.解析：故事中的背景指的是故事发生的时间和地点，A是主人公的感受，C是故事中的问题，D是问题的解决方案。4.Ifyouwanttomeasurethelengthofapencil,whichtoolisthemostsuitable?A.Athermometer.B.Aruler.C.Ascale.D.Acompass.Answer:B.解析：测量铅笔长度最适合用尺子，温度计是测温度的，秤是测重量的，指南针是指示方向的。5.Whatdoestheword"abandon"mostlikelymeaninthesentence"Hedecidedtoabandonhisoldplan."?A.Improve.B.Keep.C.Giveup.D.Change.Answer:C.解析：在句子中“abandon”意思是放弃，A是改进，B是保留，D是改变。6.Whichoftheseanimalsisamammal?A.Snake.B.Frog.C.Bat.D.Turtle.Answer:C.解析：蝙蝠是哺乳动物，蛇、青蛙和乌龟都不是。7.Apersonwhostudiesthestarsandplanetsiscalleda___.A.Geologist.B.Biologist.C.Astronomer.D.Chemist.Answer:C.解析：研究星星和行星的人是天文学家，地质学家研究地球，生物学家研究生物，化学家研究化学物质。8.Whatisthefunctionofthelungsinthehumanbody?A.Topumpblood.B.Todigestfood.C.Toexchangegases.D.Tostoreurine.Answer:C.解析：肺的功能是进行气体交换，心脏是泵血，胃等器官是消化食物，膀胱是储存尿液。9.Whichofthefollowingisapreposition?A.Run.B.And.C.In.D.Happy.Answer:C.解析：“in”是介词，“run”是动词，“and”是连词，“happy”是形容词。10.Ifatrianglehasthreeequalsides,itiscalleda___.A.Scalenetriangle.B.Isoscelestriangle.C.Equilateraltriangle.D.Right-angledtriangle.Answer:C.解析：三边相等的三角形是等边三角形，不等边三角形三边都不相等，等腰三角形两边相等，直角三角形有一个直角。11.Whatisthefirststepinthescientificmethod?A.Analyzedata.B.Drawaconclusion.C.Askaquestion.D.Conductanexperiment.Answer:C.解析：科学方法的第一步是提出问题，然后是进行实验、分析数据，最后得出结论。12.Theword"benevolent"describesapersonwhois___.A.Mean.B.Kindandgenerous.C.Shy.D.Lazy.Answer:B.解析：“benevolent”意思是仁慈和慷慨的，A是吝啬的，C是害羞的，D是懒惰的。13.Whichofthefollowingisanaturaldisaster?A.Acaraccident.B.Afireinabuilding.C.Ahurricane.D.Afactoryexplosion.Answer:C.解析：飓风是自然灾害，汽车事故、建筑物火灾和工厂爆炸都不是自然灾害。14.Inasentence,thesubjectusually___.A.Comesaftertheverb.B.Tellswhattheactionis.C.Isthedoeroftheaction.D.Modifiestheverb.Answer:C.解析：句子中的主语通常是动作的执行者，动词说明动作，主语一般在动词前，修饰动词的是副词等。15.Whatistheprocessbywhichplantsmaketheirownfood?A.Respiration.B.Fermentation.C.Photosynthesis.D.Digestion.Answer:C.解析：植物制造自身食物的过程是光合作用，呼吸作用是消耗能量，发酵是微生物的作用，消化主要在动物体内。16.Awordthathastheoppositemeaningof"brave"is___.A.Courageous.B.Fearless.C.Cowardly.D.Bold.Answer:C.解析：“brave”是勇敢的，“cowardly”是胆小的，是其反义词，A、B、D都表示勇敢。17.Whichoftheseisasimplemachine?A.Acomputer.B.Abicycle.C.Apulley.D.Atelevision.Answer:C.解析：滑轮是简单机械，电脑、自行车和电视都不是简单机械的范畴。18.Whatisthepluralformoftheword"child"?A.Childs.B.Childrens.C.Children.D.Childen.Answer:C.解析：“child”的复数形式是“children”，不是其他形式。19.TheEarthrotatesonitsaxis,whichcauses___.A.Theseasons.B.Dayandnight.C.Thetides.D.Thephasesofthemoon.Answer:B.解析：地球自转导致昼夜交替，地球公转导致四季变化，潮汐是由月球和太阳引力引起，月相变化是月球绕地球运动导致。20.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofachemicalchange?A.Meltingice.B.Cuttingpaper.C.Burningwood.D.Dissolvingsaltinwater.Answer:C.解析：燃烧木材是化学变化，有新物质生成，融化冰、剪纸张和溶解盐在水中都是物理变化。21.Whatisthethemeofastory?A.Thesequenceofevents.B.Theunderlyingmessageorlesson.C.Thecharactersinthestory.D.Thesettingofthestory.Answer:B.解析：故事的主题是潜在的信息或教训，事件顺序是情节，有故事中的人物和故事背景。22.Apersonwhodesignsbuildingsiscalledan___.A.Engineer.B.Architect.C.Electrician.D.Carpenter.Answer:B.解析：设计建筑物的人是建筑师，工程师有多种类型，电工负责电气方面，木匠主要进行木材加工。23.Whatpartofspeechistheword"quickly"inthesentence"Herunsquickly."?A.Noun.B.Verb.C.Adjective.D.Adverb.Answer:D.解析：“quickly”在句子中修饰动词“runs”，是副词，名词表示人、物等，动词表示动作，形容词修饰名词。24.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofadesert?A.Highrainfall.B.Densevegetation.C.Lowhumidity.D.Coldclimateallyear.Answer:C.解析：沙漠的特点是湿度低，降雨量少，植被稀疏，有些沙漠白天炎热。25.Theprefix"un-"intheword"unhappy"means___.A.Very.B.Again.C.Not.D.Toomuch.Answer:C.解析：“un-”在“unhappy”中表示否定，即“不”的意思。26.Whatisthefunctionoftheheartinthehumanbody?A.Tofilterwastefromtheblood.B.Toproducehormones.C.Topumpblood.D.Tobreakdownfood.Answer:C.解析：心脏的功能是泵血，肾脏过滤血液中的废物，内分泌腺产生激素，胃等消化器官分解食物。27.Whichoftheseisatypeofcloud?A.Volcano.B.Glacier.C.Cumulus.D.Canyon.Answer:C.解析：积云是一种云，火山、冰川和峡谷都不是云。28.Inafraction,thenumberonthetopiscalledthe___.A.Denominator.B.Numerator.C.Quotient.D.Product.Answer:B.解析：分数中上面的数是分子，下面的数是分母，商是除法的结果，积是乘法的结果。29.Whatisthemeaningoftheidiom"breakaleg"?A.Togetinjured.B.Towishsomeonegoodluck.C.Tostopdoingsomething.D.Tobeveryangry.Answer:B.解析：“breakaleg”是祝某人好运的意思，不是字面的弄伤腿等意思。30.Whichofthefollowingisarenewableresourceofwater?A.Groundwater.B.Fossilwater.C.Saltwaterintheocean.D.Waterinasealedbottle.Answer:A.解析：地下水是可再生水资源，化石水是不可再生的，海水不能直接利用，密封瓶里的水不是资源层面的可再生。31.Whatdoestheword"persistent"mean?A.Givingupeasily.B.Beingforgetful.C.Continuingfirmly.D.Beinglazy.Answer:C.解析：“persistent”意思是坚持不懈，A是轻易放弃，B是健忘，D是懒惰。32.Whichoftheseanimalsisaninvertebrate?A.Dog.B.Bird.C.Worm.D.Fish.Answer:C.解析：蠕虫是无脊椎动物，狗、鸟和鱼都有脊椎。33.Apersonwhowritesbooksiscalledan___.A.Actor.B.Author.C.Artist.D.Astronaut.Answer:B.解析：写书的人是作家，演员表演，艺术家搞艺术创作，宇航员探索太空。34.Whatistheeffectofaddingsalttoice?A.Itmakestheicemeltfaster.B.Itmakestheicecolder.C.Itmakestheiceharder.D.Ithasnoeffectontheice.Answer:A.解析：往冰里加盐会使冰融化得更快，而不是让冰更冷、更硬或无影响。35.Ingrammar,whatisaconjunction?A.Awordthatshowsaction.B.Awordthatdescribesanoun.C.Awordthatconnectswordsorphrases.D.Awordthatshowslocation.Answer:C.解析：连词是连接单词或短语的词，动词表示动作，形容词描述名词，介词表示位置。36.Whatistheprocessofwaterchangingfromagastoaliquidcalled?A.Evaporation.B.Condensation.C.Sublimation.D.Freezing.Answer:B.解析：水从气态变为液态的过程是凝结，蒸发是从液态到气态，升华是固态直接到气态，冻结是液态到固态。37.Theword"sarcastic"describessomeonewho___.A.Isverykind.B.Usesironytomock.C.Isveryshy.D.Isalwayshappy.Answer:B.解析：“sarcastic”指的是用讽刺来嘲笑别人，不是善良、害羞或总是开心的意思。38.Whichoftheseisatypeofrock?A.Diamond.B.Granite.C.Gold.D.Silver.Answer:B.解析：花岗岩是一种岩石，钻石、黄金和白银是矿物质。39.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"go"inthepasttense?A.Goes.B.Going.C.Gone.D.Went.Answer:D.解析：“go”的过去式是“went”，“goes”是第三人称单数现在时，“going”是现在分词，“gone”是过去分词。40.TheozonelayerintheatmosphereprotectstheEarthfrom___.A.Asteroids.B.Solarflares.C.Ultravioletradiation.D.Earthquakes.Answer:C.解析：大气中的臭氧层保护地球免受紫外线辐射，小行星、太阳耀斑和地震都不是其保护的对象。41.Whatdoestheword"elaborate"meaninthesentence"Pleaseelaborateonyouridea."?A.Simplify.B.Explainindetail.C.Forget.D.Ignore.Answer:B.解析：在句子中“elaborate”意思是详细解释，不是简化、忘记或忽略。42.Whichoftheseanimalscanfly?A.Kangaroo.B.Penguin.C.Bat.D.Crocodile.Answer:C.解析：蝙蝠能飞，袋鼠、企鹅和鳄鱼都不能飞。43.Apersonwhotakescareofpatientsinahospitaliscalleda___.A.Teacher.B.Chef.C.Nurse.D.Gardener.Answer:C.解析：在医院照顾病人的是护士，老师教书，厨师做饭，园丁打理花园。44.Whatistheresultofaddingheattoaliquid?A.Itfreezes.B.Itevaporates.C.Itbecomesasolid.D.Ithasnochange.Answer:B.解析：给液体加热会使其蒸发，而不是冻结、变成固体或无变化。45.Inasentence,anadverbcanmodify___.A.Anoun.B.Averb.C.Anotheradverb.D.BothBandC.Answer:D.解析：副词可以修饰动词和另一个副词，修饰名词的是形容词。46.WhatistheforcethatpullsobjectstowardsthecenteroftheEarth?A.Friction.B.Magnetism.C.Gravity.D.Buoyancy.Answer:C.解析：把物体拉向地球中心的力是重力，摩擦力阻碍物体运动，磁力与磁体有关，浮力使物体在液体或气体中漂浮。47.Theword"diligent"isusedtodescribeapersonwhois___.A.Lazy.B.Hard-working.C.Forgetful.D.Careless.Answer:B.解析：“diligent”形容人勤奋努力，不是懒惰、健忘或粗心。48.Whichoftheseisatypeofweather?A.Volcano.B.Tsunami.C.Thunderstorm.D.Earthquake.Answer:C.解析：雷暴是一种天气现象，火山、海啸和地震是地质灾害。49.Whatisthecorrectpluralformoftheword"box"?A.Boxs.B.Boxen.C.Boxes.D.Boxses.Answer:C.解析：“box”的复数形式是“boxes”。50.Theprocessbywhichanimalsbreatheinoxygenandbreatheoutcarbondioxideiscalled___.A.Photosynthesis.B.Respiration.C.Fermentation.D.Digestion.Answer:B.解析：动物吸入氧气呼出二氧化碳的过程是呼吸作用，光合作用是植物的过程，发酵是微生物过程，消化是处理食物的过程。51.Whatdoestheword"precise"mean?A.Rough.B.Inaccurate.C.Exactandaccurate.D.Vague.Answer:C.解析：“precise”意思是精确准确，不是粗糙、不准确或模糊。52.Whichoftheseanimalsisareptile?A.Frog.B.Snake.C.Toad.D.Salamander.Answer:B.解析：蛇是爬行动物，青蛙、蟾蜍和蝾螈是两栖动物。53.Apersonwhoplaysamusicalinstrumentinanorchestraiscalleda___.A.Actor.B.Musician.C.Dancer.D.Painter.Answer:B.解析：在管弦乐队中演奏乐器的是音乐家，演员表演，舞者跳舞，画家画画。54.Whathappenswhenyoumixanacidandabase?A.Theyformanewacid.B.Theyformanewbase.C.Theyneutralizeeachother.D.Theyhavenoreaction.Answer:C.解析：酸和碱混合会相互中和，不是形成新的酸或碱，也不是无反应。55.Ingrammar,anadjectiveisusedto___.A.Showaction.B.Connectwords.C.Describeanoun.D.Showlocation.Answer:C.解析：形容词用于描述名词，动词表示动作，连词连接单词，介词表示位置。56.Thewatercycleisdrivenby___.A.Thewind.B.Themoon.C.Thesun.D.Earthquakes.Answer:C.解析：水循环是由太阳驱动的，风、月亮和地震都不是主要驱动因素。57.Theword"ominous"suggestssomethingthatis___.A.Good.B.Happy.C.Threatening.D.Funny.Answer:C.解析：“ominous”意味着有威胁的，不是好的、开心的或有趣的。58.Whichoftheseisatypeofenergy?A.Wood.B.Coal.C.Soundenergy.D.Rock.Answer:C.解析：声音能量是一种能量形式，木材和煤炭是能源的载体，岩石不是能量类型。59.Whatisthepastparticipleformoftheverb"eat"?A.Eat.B.Ate.C.Eaten.D.Eating.Answer:C.解析：“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”，“ate”是过去式，“eating”是现在分词。60.Theprocessofaplantgrowingtowardslightiscalled___.A.Gravitropism.B.Phototropism.C.Hydrotropism.D.Thigmotropism.Answer:B.解析：植物向光生长的过程叫向光性，向地性是植物对重力的反应，向水性是对水的反应，向触性是对触碰的反应。61.Whatdoestheword"eloquent"describeaboutaperson?A.Beingsilent.B.Havingagoodwayofspeaking.C.Beingclumsy.D.Beingforgetful.Answer:B.解析：“eloquent”形容人有良好的口才，不是沉默、笨拙或健忘。62.Whichoftheseanimalsisamarsupial?A.Lion.B.Kangaroo.C.Elephant.D.Giraffe.Answer:B.解析：袋鼠是有袋类动物，狮子、大象和长颈鹿不是。63.Apersonwhodesignsandbuildsbridgesiscalleda___.A.Doctor.B.Bridge-maker.C.Civilengineer.D.Architect.Answer:C.解析：设计和建造桥梁的是土木工程师，医生治病，“Bridge-maker”表述不准确，建筑师主要设计建筑物。64.Whatistheeffectofincreasingthetemperatureonthesolubilityofmostsolidsinwater?A.Itdecreases.B.Itincreases.C.Itremainsthesame.D.Itfirstdecreasesthenincreases.Answer:B.解析：对于大多数固体来说，升高温度会增加其在水中的溶解度。65.Inasentence,apronouncanbeusedto___.A.Showaction.B.Replaceanoun.C.Describeanoun.D.Connectwords.Answer:B.解析：代词用于代替名词，动词表示动作，形容词描述名词，连词连接单词。66.ThemovementoftheEartharoundtheSuniscalled___.A.Rotation.B.Revolution.C.Oscillation.D.Vibration.Answer:B.解析：地球绕太阳的运动是公转，自转是地球自身转动，振荡和振动与地球运动无关。67.Theword"furtive"impliesabehaviorthatis___.A.Openandhonest.B.Secretiveandsneaky.C.Loudandobvious.D.Braveandbold.Answer:B.解析：“furtive”意味着行为鬼鬼祟祟、偷偷摸摸，不是公开诚实、大声明显或勇敢大胆。68.Whichoftheseisatypeofsedimentaryrock?A.Granite.B.Limestone.C.Basalt.D.Quartzite.Answer:B.解析：石灰岩是沉积岩，花岗岩和玄武岩是岩浆岩，石英岩是变质岩。69.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"be"forthethird-personsingularinthepresenttense?A.Am.B.Is.C.Are.D.Were.Answer:B.解析：第三人称单数现在时“be”动词用“is”，“am”用于第一人称单数，“are”用于第二人称和复数，“were”是过去式。70.Theprocessbywhichbacteriaconvertnitrogengasintoausableformforplantsiscalled___.A.Nitrogenfixation.B.Photosynthesis.C.Respiration.D.Fermentation.Answer:A.解析：细菌将氮气转化为植物可用形式的过程叫固氮作用，光合作用是植物制造食物，呼吸作用是生物消耗能量，发酵是微生物作用。71.Whatdoestheword"reclusive"describeaboutaperson?A.Beingverysocial.B.Likingtobealone.C.Beingveryactive.D.Beingverytalkative.Answer:B.解析：“reclusive”形容人喜欢独处，不是善于社交、活跃或健谈。72.Whichoftheseanimalsisarodent?A.Cat.B.Dog.C.Rat.D.Bird.Answer:C.解析：老鼠是啮齿动物，猫、狗和鸟不是。73.Apersonwhotakescareofagardeniscalleda___.A.Farmer.B.Gardener.C.Chef.D.Teacher.Answer:B.解析：照顾花园的是园丁，农民从事农业生产，厨师做饭，老师教书。74.Whathappenswhenyoucompressagas?A.Itsvolumeincreases.B.Itstemperaturedecreases.C.Itspressureincreases.D.Itturnsintoasolid.Answer:C.解析：压缩气体时，气体压力会增加，体积减小，温度可能升高，一般不会直接变成固体。75.Ingrammar,aninterjectionisawordthat___.A.Showsaction.B.Expressesstrongemotion.C.Connectswords.D.Describesanoun.Answer:B.解析：感叹词用于表达强烈的情感，动词表示动作，连词连接单词，形容词描述名词。76.ThedifferentshapesoftheMoonweseefromEartharecalled___.A.PhasesoftheMoon.B.EclipsesoftheMoon.C.TidesoftheMoon.D.RotationsoftheMoon.Answer:A.解析：我们从地球上看到的月球不同形状是月相，月食是月球进入地球影子，潮汐是月球引力引起，月球自转与月相无关。77.Theword"mellifluous"isusedtodescribesomethingthathas___.A.Aharshsound.B.Asweetandsmoothsound.C.Abadsmell.D.Aroughtexture.Answer:B.解析：“mellifluous”形容声音甜美流畅，不是刺耳声音、难闻气味或粗糙质地。78.Whichoftheseisatypeofcloudthatbringsheavyrain?A.Cirrus.B.Stratus.C.Cumulonimbus.D.Altocumulus.Answer:C.解析：积雨云会带来大雨，卷云一般是晴天标志，层云可能带来小雨，高积云通常不会带来大雨。79.Whatisthepluralformoftheword"tomato"?A.Tomatoes.B.Tomatos.C.Tomatoies.D.Tomatoses.Answer:A.解析：“tomato”的复数形式是“tomatoes”。80.Theprocessbywhichwatervaporintheairchangesdirectlytoicewithoutbecomingaliquidfirstiscalled___.A.Evaporation.B.Condensation.C.Sublimation.D.Deposition.Answer:D.解析：空气中的水蒸气直接变成冰而不先变成液体的过程叫凝华，蒸发是液态到气态，凝结是气态到液态，升华是固态到气态。81.Whatdoestheword"astute"meanaboutaperson?A.Stupid.B.Shrewdandperceptive.C.Lazy.D.Clumsy.Answer:B.解析：“astute”形容人精明敏锐，不是愚蠢、懒惰或笨拙。82.Whichoftheseanimalsisacrustacean?A.Spider.B.Crab.C.Butterfly.D.Worm.Answer:B.解析：螃蟹是甲壳类动物，蜘蛛是蛛形纲，蝴蝶是昆虫，蠕虫是无脊椎动物。83.Apersonwhoconductsscientificresearchinalaboratoryiscalleda___.A.Scientist.B.Teacher.C.Actor.D.Chef.Answer:A.解析：在实验室进行科学研究的是科学家，老师教书，演员表演，厨师做饭。84.Whatistheeffectofaddingacatalysttoachemicalreaction?A.Itstopsthereaction.B.Itslowsdownthereaction.C.Itspeedsupthereaction.D.Itchangestheproductsofthereaction.Answer:C.解析：催化剂能加快化学反应的速度，不会停止反应、减慢反应或改变反应产物。85.Inasentence,aprepositionshows___.A.Action.B.Relationshipbetweenanounandotherpartsofthesentence.C.Emotion.D.Descriptionofanoun.Answer:B.解析：介词表示名词与句子其他部分的关系，动词表示动作，感叹词表达情感，形容词描述名词。86.ThelayeroftheatmosphereclosesttotheEarthisthe___.A.Stratosphere.B.Mesosphere.C.Troposphere.D.Thermosphere.Answer:C.解析：离地球最近的大气层是对流层，平流层在对流层之上，中间层和平流层之上，热层在更外层。87.Theword"urbane"describesapersonwhois___.A.Rude.B.Sophisticatedandpolite.C.Shy.D.Lazy.Answer:B.解析：“urbane”形容人有教养、有礼貌，不是粗鲁、害羞或懒惰。88.Whichoftheseisatypeofmetamorphicrock?A.Sandstone.B.Marble.C.Conglomerate.D.Shale.Answer:B.解析：大理石是变质岩，砂岩、砾岩和页岩是沉积岩。89.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"have"forthethird-personsingularinthepresenttense?A.Have.B.Has.C.Had.D.Having.Answer:B.解析：第三人称单数现在时“have”用“has”，“had”是过去式，“having”是现在分词。90.Theprocessbywhichplantslosewaterthroughtheirleavesiscalled___.A.Photosynthesis.B.Respiration.C.Transpiration.D.Fermentation.Answer:C.解析：植物通过叶子失水的过程叫蒸腾作用，光合作用是制造食物，呼吸作用是消耗能量，发酵是微生物作用。91.Whatdoestheword"capricious"describeab