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2023年12月6级第一套
PartIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
1.A)AtagroceryB)Inaparkinglol
C)InacarshowroomD)Atafastfoodrestaurant
2.A)HavealittlenapafterlunchB)Getupandtakeashortwalk
C)Changeherpositionnowandthen。D)Stretchherlegsbeforestandingup
3.A)Thestudentsshouldpracticelong-distancerunning.
B)Hedoesn'tquitebelievewhatthewomansays.
C)Thestudents,physicalconditionisnotdesirable.
D)Hethinkstheraceistoehardforthestudents.
4.A)Theydonotwanttohaveababyatpresent.
B)Theycannotaffordtogetmarriedrightnow.
C)Theyiircbothpursuinggraduatestudies.
D)Theywillgettheirdegreesintwoyears.
5.A)Twinsusuallyhavealolincommon.
B)HemusthavebeenmistakenforJack.
C)Jackiscertainlynotashealthyasheis.
D)HehasnotseenJackforquiteafewdays.
6.A)Themanwilltake(hewomantothemuseum.
B)Themanknowswherethemuseumislocated.
C)Thewomanisaskingthewayatthecrossroads.
D)Thewomanwillattend(heopeningofthemuseum.
7.A)Theycannotasktheguytoleave.
B)Theguyhasbeencominginforyears.
C)Theyshouldnotlookdcwnupontheguy.
D)Theguymustbefeelingextremelylonely.
8.A)CollecttimepiecesB)Learntomendclocks
C)Becometime-consciousD)Keeptrackofhisdailyactivities
Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard
9.A)Ilwindsitswaytothesea.B)Itiseatingintoitsbanks.
C)Itisquicklyrising.D)Itiswideanddeep
10.A)Getthetrucksovertotheothersideoftheriver.
B)Taketheequipmentapartbeforebeingferried.
C)Reducethetransportcostasmuchaspossible.
D)Trylospeedupiheoperationbyanymeans.
11.A)Askthecommandertosendahelicopter.
B)Halttheoperationuntilfurtherorders.
C)Cuttreesandbuildrowingboats.
D)Findasmanyboatsaspossible.
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.A)HelphimjoinanIndianexpeditionB)Talkabouthisclimbingexperiences
C)GiveupmountainclimbingaltogetherD)Savemoneytobuyclimbingequipment
13.A)Hewasverystrictwithhischildren.
B)Heclimbedmountainstoearnaliving.
C)Hehadanunusualreligiousbackground.
D)HewasthefirsttoconquerMt.Qomolangma.
14.A)Theyarelikehumans.B)Theyaresacredplaces.
C)Theyaretobeprotected.D)Theyaretobeconquered.
15.A)Itwashisfather'strainingthatpulledhimthrough.
B)Itwasamilestoneinhismountainclimbingcareer.
C)Ilwashisfatherwhogavehimthestrengthtosucceed.
D)IthelpedhimunderstandtheSherpaviewofmountains.
PassageOne
Questions16to19arcbasedonthepassageyouhiivcjustheard.
16.A)Byreviewingwhathehassaidpreviously.
B)Bycomparingmemorandumswithletters.
C)Byshowingamemorandum'sstructure.
D)Byanalyzingtheorganizationofaletter.
17.A)Theyspentalotoftimewritingmemorandums.
B)Theyseldomreadamemorandumthroughtotheend.
C)Theyplacedemphasisontheformatofmemorandums.
D)Theyignoredmanyofthememorandumstheyreceived.
18.A)Styleandwording.B)Structureandlength.
C)Directnessandclarity.D)Simplicityandaccuracy.
19.A)Accuratedating.B)Professionallook.
C)Directstatementofpurpose.D)Inclusionofappropriatehumor.
PassageTwo
Questions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
20.A)Theygiveloppriority(otheirworkefficiency.
B)Theymakeanefforttolightentheirworkload.
C)Theyneverchangeworkhabitsunlessforcedto.
D)Theytryhardtomakethebestuseoftheirtime.
21.A)Self-confidenceB)SenseofdutyC)WorkefficiencyD)Passionforwork
22.A)Theyareaddictedtoplayingonlinegames.
B)Theytrytoavoidworkwheneverpossible.
C)Theyfindnopleasureintheworktheydo.
D)Theysimplyhavenosenseofresponsibility.
PassageThree
Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardu
23.A)lostallhisproperty.R)Hewassoldtoncircus.
C)Hewasforcedintoslavery.D)Heranawayfromhisfamily.
24.A)AcarpenterB)AbusinessmanC)AmasterofhisD)Ablackdrummer
25.A)ItnameditstownhallafterSolomonNorthup.
B)ItdeclaredJuly24SolomonNorthupDay.
C)Ilfreedallblacksinthetownfromslavery.
D)IthostedareunionfortheNorthupfamily.
SectionC
Intoleranceistheartofignoringanyviewsthatdifferfromyourown.It(26)itself
ahatred,stereotypes,prejudice,and(27).Onceitintensifiesinpeople,intoleranceis
nearlyimpossibletoovercome.Butwhywouldanyonewanttobelabeledintolerant?Whywould
peoplewanttobe(28)abouttheworldaroundthem?Whywouldonewanttobe
partoftheprobleminAmerica,insteadofthesolution?
Therearemanyexplanationsforintolerantattitudes,some(29jchildhood.Itis
likelythatintolerantfolksgrewup(30)intolerantparentsandthecycleofprejudice
hassimplycontinuedfor(31).Perhapsintolerantpeoplearesosetintheirways
thattheyfinditeasiertoignoreanythingthatmightnot(32)theirlimitedviewof
life.Ormaybeintolerantstudentshavesimplyneverbeen(33)toanyonedifferent
fromthemselves.Butnoneofthesereasonsisanexcuseforallowingtheintolerancetocontinue»
Intoleranceshouldnotbeconfusedwithdisagreement.Ilis,ofcourse,possibletodisagree
withanopinionwithoutbeingintolerantofit.Ifyouunderstandabeliefbutstilldon'tbelievein
thatspecificbelief,that'sfine.Youare(34)youropinion.Asamatteroffact,(35)
dissenters(持异议者)arcimportantforanybelief.Ifweallbelievedthesame
things,wewouldnevergrow,andwewouldneverlearnabouttheworldaroundus.Intolerance
docsnotstemfromdisagreement.Itstemsfromfear.Andfearstemsfromignorance.
PartIII
Readingcomprehension
SectionA
Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
HisfuturesubjectshavenotalwaystreatedthePrinceofWaleswiththerespectonemight
expect.Theylaughedaloudin1986when(heheirtotheBritish(36)(oldaTVreporter
thathetalkedtohisplantsathiscountryhouse.Highgrove,tostinulatetheirgrowth.ThePrince
wasbeinghumorous—“Mysenseofhumorwillgelmeintotroubleoneday,"hesaidtotheaides
(随从)—butlisteningtoCharlesWindsorcanindeedprovestimulating.Theroyal(37)
thatbeenpromotingradicalideasformostofhisadultlife,someofhis(38)which
oncesoundedahitweirdweresimplyaheadoftheirtime.Now.finally,theworldseemstobe
catchingupwithhim.
Takehisviewsonfarming.PrinceCharles'DuchyHomeParniwent(39)back
to1996.whenmostshopperscaredonlyaboutthelowpricetagonsuspiciouslyblemish-free(无瑕
疵的))Vegetablesand(40)largechickenspiledhighinsupermarkets.
Hiswarningsonclimatechangeprovedfarsighted;tooCharlesbegan(41)action
onglobalwarmingin1990andsayshehasbeenworriedaboutthe(42)ofmanon
theenvironmentsincehewasateenager.
Althoughhehasgraduallygainedinternational(43)asoneof(heaworld's
leadingconservationists,manyBritishpeoplestillthinkofhimasan(44)person
whotalkstoplantsThisyear,asithappens,SouthKoreanscientistsprovedthatplantsreallydo
(45)tosound.SoCharleswasaheadofthegamethere,too.
A.conformB.eccentricC.environmentalistD.expeditions
E.impactF.notionsG.organicH.originally
I.recognitionJ.respondK.subordinateL.suppressing
M.throneN.unnaturally0.urging
SectionB
ShouldSingle-SexEducationBeEliminated?
[A|Whyisaneuroscientistheredebatingsingle-sexschooling?Honestly,Ihadnofixedideason
IhetopicwhenIstartedresearchingitformybook,PinkBrain.BlueBrain.Butanydiscussionof
genderdifferencesinchildreninevitablyleadstothisdebate,soIfeltcompelledtodiveintothe
researchdataonsingle-sexschooling.IreadeverystudyIcould,weighedtheexistingevidence,
andultimatelyconcludedthatsinglc-scxeducationisnottheanswertogendergapsin
achievement-orthebestwayforwardfortoday'syoungpeople.Aftermybookwaspublished,I
metseveraldevelopmentalandcognitivepsychologistswhoseworkwasaddressinggenderand
educationfromdifferentangles,andwepublishedapeer-reviewedEducationForumpiecein
Sciencemagazinewiththeprovocativetitle,“ThePseudoscienceofSingle-SexEducation.''
[BlWcshowed(haithreelinesofresearchusedtojustifysingle-sexschooling-educational,
neuroscience,andsocialpsychology—allfailtosupportitsallegedbenefits,andsothe
widely-heldviewthatgenderseparationissomehowbetterforboys,girls,orbothisnothingmore
thanamyth.
TheResearchonAcademicOutcomes
[C]First,wereviewedtheextensiveeducationalresearchthathascomparedacademicoutcomes
instudentsattendingsingle-sexversuscoeducationalschools.Theoverwhelmingconclusionwhen
youputthisenormousliteraturetogetheristhatthereisnoclearacademicadvantageofsittingin
all-femaleorall-maleclasses,inspiteofmuchpopularbeliefto(hecontrary.Ibasethis
conclusionnotonanyindividualstudy,butonlarge-scaleandsystematicreviewsofthousandsof
studiesconductedineverymajorEnglish-speakingcountry.
[D]Ofcourse,there'rcmanyexcellentsingle-sexschoolsout(here,butasthesecarefulresearch
reviewshavedemonstrated,it'snottheirsingle-sexcompositionthatmakesthemexcellent.It'sall
iheotheradvantagesthataretypicallypackedintosuchschools,suchasfinancialresources,
qualityofthefaculty,andpro-academicculture,alongwiththefamilybackgroundand
pre-selectedabilityofthestudentsthemselvesthatdeterminetheiroutcomes.
[E]AcaseinpointisthestudybyLindaSaxatUCLA,whouseddatafromalargenationalsurvey
ofcollegefreshmentoevaluatetheeffectofsingle-sexversuscoeducationalhighschools.
CommissionedbytheNationalCoalitionofGirls'Schools,therawfindingslookprettygoodlor
thefunders—higherSATscoresandastrongeracademicorientationamongwomenwhohad
attendedallgirls'highschools(menweren'tstudied).However,cneetheresearcherscontrolled
forbo【hstudentandschoolatlrihules;—measuressuchasfamilyincome,parents,education,and
schoolresources—mostoftheseeffectswereerasedordiminished.
[F]Whenitconiestoboysinparticular,thedatashowthatsingle-sexeducationisdistinctly
unhelpfulfor(hem.Amongtheminorityofstudiesthathavereportedadvantagesofsingle-sex
schooling,virtuallyallofthemwerestudiesofgirls.There'renorigorousstudiesintheUnited
Statesthatfindsingle-sexschoolingisbetterforboys,andinfact,aseparatelineofresearchby
economistshasshownbothboysandgirlsexhibitgreatercognitivegrowthover(heschoolyear
basedonthe“dose"ofgirlsinaclassroom.Infact,boysbenefitevenmorethangirlsfromhaving
largernumbersoffemaleclassmates.Sosinglc-scxschoolingisreallynot(heanswertothe
current“boycrisis^^ineducation.
BrainandCognitiveDevelopment
[G]Thesecondlineofresearchoftenusedtojustifysingle-sexeducationfallssquarelywithinmy
areaofexpertise:brainandcognitivedevelopment.It'sbeenmorethanadecadenowsincethe
“brainsexmovementMbeganinfiltrating(渗透)ourschools,andthereareliterallyhundredsof
schoolscaughtupinthefad(新潮).PublicschoolsinWisconsin,Indiana,Floridaandmanyother
statesnowproudlydeclareontlieirwebsitesthattheyseparateboysandgirlsbecause“research
solidlyindicates(hatboysandgirlslearndif及rcnily,“dueto“hard-wired“differencesintheir
brains,eyes,ears,autonomicnervoussystems,andmore.
[H]Allofthesestatementscanbetracedtojustafewwould-beneuroscientists,especially
physicianLeonardSaxandtherapistMichaelGurian.Eachgiveslectures,runsconferences,and
doesalotofprofessionaldevelopmentonso-called''gender-specificlearning/'1analyzedtheir
variousclaimsaboutsexdifference*inhearing,vision,language,math,stressresponses,and
“learningstyles''inmybookandalongpeer-reviewedpaper.Otherneuroscientistsand
psychologistshavesimilarlyexposedtheirwork.Inshort,ihemechanismsbywhichourbrains
learnlanguage,math,physics,andeveryothersubjectdon'tdifferbetweenboysandgirls.Of
course,learningdoesvaryalotbetweenindividualstudents,butresearchreliablyshowsthatthis
varianceisfargreaterwithinpopulationsofboysorgirlsthanbetween(hetwosexes.
[I]TheequalprotectionclauseoftheU.S.Constitutionprohibitsseparationofstudentsbysexin
publiceducationthat'sbasedanpreciselythiskindof“overbroadgeneralizationsaboutthe
differenttalents,capacities,orpreferencesofmalesandfbmalcs."Andthereasonitisprohibited
isbecauseitleadsfartooeasilytostereotypingandsexdiscrimination.
SocialDevelopmentalPsychology
[J]Thatbringsmetothethirdareaofresearchwhichfailstosupportsingle-sexschoolingand
indeedsuggeststhepracticeisactuallyhannfuksocial-developmentalpsychology.
[K|It'sawell-provenfindinginsocialpsychologythatsegregationpromotesstereotypingand
prejudice,whereasintergroupcontactreducesthem—andtheresultsarethesamewhetheryou
dividegroupsbyrace,age,gender,bodymassindex,sexualorientation,oranyothercategory.
What'smore,childrenarcespeciallyvulnerable(othiskindofbias,becausetheyarcdependenton
adultsforlearningwhichsocialcategoriesareimportantandwhywedividepeopleintodifferent
groups.
[L]Youdon,thavetolookfartofindevidenceofstereotypingandsexdiscriminationin
single-sexschools.Therewasthefailedsingle-sexexperimentirCalifornia,wheresixschool
districtsusedgenerousslategrantstosetupseparateboys'andgirk'academiesinthelate1990s.
Onceboysandgirlsweresegregated,teachersresortedtotraditionalgenderstereotypestorun
theirclasses,andwithinjustthreeyears,fiveofthesixdistrictshadgonebacktocoeducation.
[M]At(hesametime,researchersareincreasinglydiscoveringbenefitsofgenderinteractionin
youth.AlargeBritishstudyfoundthatchildrenwithother-sexoldersiblings(兄弟姐妹)exhibit
lessstereotypicalplaythanchildrenwithsame-sexoldersiblings,suchasgirlswholikesportsand
buildingtoysandboyswholikeartanddramaticplay.Anotherstudyofhighschoolsocial
networksfoundlessbullyingandaggressionthehigherthedensityofmixed-sexfriendships
withinagivenadolescentnetwork.ThenthereisthefindingwccitedinourSciencepaperof
higherdivorceanddepressionratesamongalargegroupofBritishmenwhoattendedsingle-sex
schoolsasteenagers,whichmightbeexplainedbythelackofopportunitytolearnabout
relationshipsduringtheirformativeyears.
[N]Whetherinnurseryschool,highschool,orthebusinessworld,gendersegregationnanowsour
perceptionsofeachother,facilitatingstereotypingandsexistattitudes.It\verysimple:themore
westructurechildrenandadolescents'environmentaroundgenderdistinctionsandseparation,the
moretheywillusethesecategoriesastheprimarybasisforunderstandingthemselvesandothers.
[O]Genderisanimportantissueineducation.Therearcgapsinreading,writing,andscience
achievementthatshouldbenarrower.Therearegapsincareerchoicethatshouldbenarrower-if
wereallywanttomaximizehumanpotentialandAmericaneconomicgrowth.Butstereotyping
boysandgirlsandseparatingtheminthenameoffictitious(虚构的)braindifferencesisnever
goingtoclosethesegaps.
46.Hundredsofsch(x)lsseparateboysfromgirlsinclassontheallegedbrainandcognitive
differences.
47.Areviewofextensiveeducationalresearchshowsnoobviousacademicadvantageof
single-sexschooling.
48.Theauthordidnothaveanyfixedideasonsingle-sexeducationwhenshebeganherresearch
onthesubject
49.Researchfoundmenwhoattendedsingle-sexschoolsintheirteensweremorelikelytosuffer
fromdepression.
50.Studiesinsocialpsychologyhaveshownsegregationinschooleducationhasanegative
impactonchildren.
51.Reviewsofresearchindicatetherearemoredifferencesinbrainandcognitivedevelopment
withinthesamesexthanbetweendifferentsexes.
52.Thefindingsofthenationalsurveyofcollegefreshmenabouttheimpactofsingle-sex
schoolingfailtotakeintoaccountstudentandschoolattributes.
53.Itwasn'tlongbeforemostoftheschooldistrictsthatexperimentedwithsingle-sexeducation
abandonedthepractice.
54.Boysfromcoeducationalclassesdemonstrategreatercognitiveabilitiesaccordingtothe
economists'research.
55.Ascarefulresearchreviewsshow,academicexcellenceinsomesingle-sexschoolsisattributed
tootherfactorsthansingle-sexeducation.
SectionC
Intemationalgovemments,inactionconcerningsustainabledevelopmentisclearlyworrying
buttheproactive(积极出击的)approachesofsomeleading-edgecompaniesarcencouraging.
Toyota,Wal-Mart,DuPont,M&SandGeneralElectrichavemadetacklingenvironmentalwastesa
keyeconomicdriver.
DuPontcommitteditselftoa65%reductioningreenhousegasemissionsinthe10years
priorto2023.By2023,DuPontwassaving$2.2billionayearthroughenergyefficiency,thesame
asitstotaldeclaredprofitsthatyear.GeneralElectricaimstoreducetheenergyintensityofits
operationsby50%by2023.Theyhaveinvestedheavilyinprojectsdesignedtochangethewayof
usingandconservingenergy.
CompanieslikeToyotaandWal-Martarenotcommittingtoenvironmentalgoalsoutofthe
goodnessoftheirhearts.Thereiisonfortheiractionsisasimpleyetpowerfulrealizationthatthe
environmentalandeconomicfootprintsfitwelltogether.WhenM&Slaunchedits“PlanA”
sustainabilityprogramin2023,:twasbelievedthatitwouldcostover£200millioninthefirstfive
years.However,theinitiativehadgenerated£105millionby2023/12.
Whenwepreventphysicalwaste,increaseenergyefficiencyorimproveresourceproductivity,
wesavemoney,improveprofitabilityandenhancecompetitiveness.Infact,thereareoftenhuge
“quickwin“opportunities,thankstoyearsofneglect.
However,thereisaconsiderablegapbetweenleading-edgecompaniesandtherestofthe
pack.Therearefartoomanycompaniesstilldelayingcreatingaleanandgreenbusinesssystem,
arguingthatitwillcostmoneyorrequiresizablecapitalinvestments.Theyremainstuckinthe
^environmentiscost”mentality.Beingenvironmentallyfriendlydoesnothavetocostmoney.In
fact,goingbeyondcompliancesavescostatthesamelimethatifgeneratescash,providedfhal
managementadoptsthenewleanandgreenmodel.
Leanmeansdoingmorewithless.Nonetheless,inmostcompanies,economicand
environmentalcontinuousiniprovcmcniisviewedasbeinginconflictwitheachother.Thisisone
ofthebiggestopportunitiesmissedacrossmostindustries.Thesizeoftheopportunityisenormous.
The3%ReportrecentlypublishedbyWorldWildlifeFundandCDPshowsthattheeconomic
prizeforcurbingcarbonemissionsintheUSeconomyis$780billionbetweennowand2023.It
suggeststhatoneofthebiggestleversfordeliveringthisopportunityis“increasedefficiency
throughmanagementandbehavioralchange“一inotherwords,leanandgreenmanagement.
Some50studiesshowthatcompaniesthatcommittosuchaspirationalgoalsaszerowaste,
zeroharmfulemissions,andzerouseofnon-renewableresourcesarefinanciallyoutperforming
theircompetitors.Conversely,i(wasfoundthatclimatedisruptionisalreadycosting$1.2trillion
annually,cuttingglobalGDPby1.6%.Unaddressed,thiswilldoubleby2030.
56.Whaidoestheauthorsayaboutsomeleading-edgecompanies?
A.Theyoperateinaccordancewithgovernmentpolicies.
B.Theytakeinitiativesinhandlingenvironmentalwastes.
C.Theyarckeydriversin(heirnations'economicgrowth.
D.Theyaremajorcontributorstoenvironmentalproblems.
57.WhatmotivatesToyotaandWal-Marttomakecommitmentstoenvironmentalprotection?
A.Thegoodnessoftheirhearts.B.Astrongsenseofresponsibility.
C.Thedesiretogenerateprofits.D.Pressurefromenvironmentalists.
58.Whyaresomanycompaniesreluctanttocreateanenvironment-friendlybusinesssystem?
A.Theyarebentonmakingquickmoney.
B.Theydonothavethecapitalfortheinvestment.
C.Theybelievebuildingsuchasystemistoocostly.
D.Theylacktheincentiveiochangebusinesspractices.
59.Whatissaidabouttheleanandgreenmodelofbusiness?
A.Ithelpsbusinessestosaveandgainatthesametime.
B.itisaffordableonlyforafewleading-edgecompanies.
C.Itislikelytostartanewroundofintensecompetition.
D.Itwilltakealongtimeforallcompaniestoembraceit.
60.Whatisthefindingofthestudiesaboutcompaniescommittedtcenvironmentalgoals?
A.Theyhavegreatlyenhancedtheirsenseofsocialresponsibility.
B.Theydomuchbetterthantheircounterpartsintermsofrevenues.
C.Theyhaveabandonedalltheoutdatedequipmentandtechnology.
D.Theymakegreatercontributionstohumanprogressthantheirrivals.
PassageTwo
Ifyouaskedmetodescribetherisingphilosophyoftheday,I'dsayitisdata-ism.Wcnow
havetheabilitytogatherhugeamountsofdata.Thisabilityseemstocarrywithitcertaincultural
assumptions—thateventhingthatcanbemeasuredshouldbemeasured;thatdataisatransparent
andreliablelensthatallowsustofilteroutemotionalismandideology;thatdatawillhelpusdo
remarkablethings—likeforetell(hefuture.
Overthenextyear,I,mhopingtogetabettergriponsomeofthequestionsraisedbythedata
revolution:Inwhatsituationsshouldwcrelyonintuitivepatternrecognitionandinwhich
situationsshouldweignoreintuitionandfollowthedata?Whatkindsofeventsarepredictable
usingstatisticalanalysisandwhatsortsofeventsarcnot?
IconfessIenterthisinaskepticalframeofmind,believingthatwetendtogetcarriedaway
inourdesiretoreduceeverythingtoihequantifiable.Butaltheoutsetletmecelebratetwothings
datadoesreallywell.
First,it'sreallygoodatexposingwhenourintuitiveviewofrealityiswrong.Forexample,
nearlyeverypersonwhorunsforpoliticalofficehasanintuitivesensethattheycanpowerfully
influencetheiroddsofwinningtheelectioniftheycanjustraiseandspendmoremoney.Butthis
islargelywrong.
Afterthe2023election.ScanTrcndcconstructedagraphcomparingtheincumbent(在任者
的)campaignspendingadvantageswiththeireventualmarginsofvictory.I'herewasbarelyany
relationshipbetweenmorespendingandabiggerviclory.Likewise,manyteachershavean
intuitivesensethatdifferentstudentshavedifferentlearningstyles:someareverbalandsomeare
visual;somearelinear,someareholistic(整体口勺).Teachersimaginetheywillimproveoutcomes
iftheytailortheirprcscmaiions:oeachstudent.Butthere'snoevidencetosupportthiseither.
Second,datacanilluminatepatternsofbehaviorwehaven'tyetnoticed.Forexample,I've
alwaysassumedpeoplewhofrequentlyusewordslike"I,"and“mine”areprobablymore
self-centeredthanpeoplewhodon't.ButasJamesPennebakeroftheUniversityofTexasnotesin
hisb(x)k.TheSecretLifeofPrenouns,whenpeoplearefeelingconfident,theyarefocusedonthe
taskarhand,notonthemselves.High-stams,confidentpeopleusefewer'T'words,notmore.
Ourbrainsoftendon'tnoticesubtleverbalpatterns,butPenncbaker'scomputerscan.
Youngerwritersusemorenegativeandpast-tensewordsthanolderwriterswhousemorepositive
andfuturc-tcnsewords.
Insum,thedatarevolutionisgivinguswonderfulwaystounderstandthepresentandthe
past.Willittransformourabilitytopredictandmakedecisionsaboutthefuture?Wellsee.
61.Whatdodata-istsassumetheycando?
A.Transfonnpeople'sculturalidentity.
B.Changethewayfutureeventsunfold.
C.Getafirmgriponthemostimportantissues.
D.Eliminateemotionalandideologicalbias.
62.Whatdopeoplerunningforpoliticalofficethinktheycando?
A.Usedataanalysistopredicttheelectionresult.
B.Wintheelectioniftheycanraiseenoughfunds.
C.Manipulatepublicopinionwithfavorabledata.
D.Increasethechancesofwinningbyfoulmeans.
63.Whydomanyteachersfavor(heideaoftailoringtheirpresentations(odifferentstudents?
A.Theythinkstudentspreferflexibleteachingmethods.
B.Theywillbeabletotrydifferentapproaches.
C.Tlieybelievestudcnts,learningstylesvary.
D.Theycanaccommodatestudentswithspecialneeds.
64.WhatiloesJame*PcnnchakerrevealinTheSecretLifeofPronouns?
A.Theimportanceofusingpronounsproperly.
B.Repeateduseoffirst-personpronounsbyself-centeredpeople.
C.Frequentuseofpronounsandfuturetensebyyoungpeople.
D.Apatterninconfidentpeople'suseofpronouns.
65.Whyistheauthorskepticalofthedatarevolution?
A.Datamaynotbeeasilyaccessible.
B.Errorsmayoccurwithlargedatasamples.
C.Datacannotalwaysdowhatweimaginei(can.
D.Somedatamayturnouttobeoutdated.
PartIVTTranslation
中国将努力保证到2023年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。假如这一目的得以实现,此后
大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。
在未来几年,中国将着力增长职业学院的招生人数:除了关注高等教ff外,还将寻找新的突
破以保证教育制度愈加公平。中国正在努力最佳地运用教育资源,这样农村和欠发达地区将
获得更多的支持。
教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养,并为外来务工人员的子女提供在都市接受教育的
同等机会。
2023年12月6级第二套
PartIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
1.A)Theman'stennisracketisgoodenough.
B)Themanshouldgetapairofnewshoes.
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