专题11 非谓语动词-中考英语一轮复习知识清单

专题11非谓语动词（清单+专练）目录TOC\o"1-1"\h\u★知识点1非谓语的概念 2★知识点2动词不定式 2★知识点3动名词 8★知识点4分词 10★知识点5中考题型及例题 12★专项过关 13★知识点1非谓语的概念动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式(todo)、动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。★知识点2动词不定式一、动词不定式的构成1.动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形。其否定形式是“not+to+动词原形”。2.有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。口诀助记：to后原形是肯定，to前加not变否定;可带宾、表、状语等，人称和数都不变;兼有“形、名、副”性，谓语动词用原形。二、动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。句中可以作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、主语和表语等。1.动词不定式作主语(1)动词不定式作主语的用法用法例句动词不定式作主语通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。当作主语的不定式(短语)较长时，通常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.学好英语不容易。It’simportanttohavegoodhabits.养成好习惯很重要的。(2)it作形式主语,动词不定式作主语的常见句型句型例句Itis/was+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.做某事对某人来说是……/某人做某事是……的。ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishwell.=TolearnEnglishwellwashardforhim.对他来说学好英语太难了。Itis/was+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的。It'snoteasytopasstheexam.(=Topasstheexamisnoteasy.)通过考试不容易。Itis/was+n.+todosth.做某事是……Itismypleasuretohelpyou.帮助你是我的荣幸。ittakes/tooksb.+时间+todosth.某人花多长时间做某事IttookmethreehourstorepairtheTVset.我用了三个小时修理这台电视机。注意：1.有些动词(advise,ask,show,teach,tell等),其后可以接双宾语。2.有些疑问词(组)(what,which,whose,howmany,howmuch等),其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。3.在“疑问词+不定式”结构前，有时也可以是形容词(sure,clear等)。4.所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。2.动词不定式作宾语(1)动词不定式作宾语的用法用法例句动词不定式作及物动词的宾语。动词不定式作宾语且有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语(动词不定式)后置。Iforgottobringthekeytomyhouse.我忘记带家里的钥匙了。动词不定式作介词的宾语，不定式一般不直接作介词的宾语，而是需要与疑问词构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。Theyaretalking

abouthowtosolve

theproblem.

他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。(2)常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)refuse拒绝decide决定wouldlike想要like喜欢want想要plan计划offer提供wish希望pretend假装hope希望forget忘记learn学习agree同意need需要expect期望promise承诺afford承担得起manage完成try努力help帮助start开始begin开始prepare准备choose选择助记口诀：常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词需要拒绝莫忘记，(need、refuse、forget)想要学习就努力，(want、learn、try)希望帮助并同意，(hope/wish、help、agree)喜欢决定后开始。(like、decide、begin)3.动词不定式作宾语补足语(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法用法例句多数及物动词后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+动词不定式)。Mymotherasksmetoeatfruiteveryday.我妈妈让我每天都吃水果。(2)常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词allow允许order命令teach教warn警告ask要求decide决定tell告诉encourage鼓励invite邀请want想要advise建议expect期望wish希望force强迫wouldlike想要4.动词不定式作状语的用法用法例句作目的状语(表示某一动作或状态的目的)。既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。……，以便……Tomtrainedhardtoimprovehisbasketballskills.=Toimprovehisbasketballskills,Tomtrainedhard.汤姆刻苦训练以便提高自己的篮球技能。作结果状语，常用的结构有so...astodosth.(如此……以至于做某事)、enoughtodosth.(足够……能够做某事)、too...todosth.(太……而不能做某事)、onlytodo(不料，竟然)。Heisn'tstrongenoughtoliftthebox.他不够强壮，提不起这个箱子。作原因状语，通常用于sorry,surprised,glad等表示情感的形容词后，常用的结构有beglad/sad/happy/sorry/pleased/surprised/disappointed/delighted/shockedtodosth.。I'mgladtoseeyou.见到你很高兴。知识拓展：作结果状语，有的结构可以同义转换：1.too...todosth...结构还可以转换为“so...that+主语+can't/couldn'tdosth.”句型。Hewastooclevertomakesuchstupidmistakes.→Hewassocleverthathecouldn'tmakesuchstupidmistakes.他太聪明了,不会犯这么愚蠢的错误。2...enoughtodosth.结构也可以转换为“so...that+主语+can/coulddosth.”句型。Thegirlis

tallenoughtoreach

theapplesonthetree.→Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.这个女孩太高了，她能够到树上的苹果。口诀助记：不定式，用作状“目的”、“结果”两最忙;“形表”之后也出现，表示“原因”记心上。5.动词不定式作定语用法示例动词不定式作定语时(一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后),相当于定语从句。常见的能跟动词不定式作定语的名词有ability、attempt、chance、decision、effort、need、plan、time等。Itwasadifficultdecisiontomake.这是个很难作出的决定。如果动词不定式中的动词为不及物动词，其后应有相应的介词。Iwantsomepapertowriteon.我想要一些写字的纸。当动词不定式所修饰的名词是time、place或way时，动词不定式后面习惯上要省略介词。Thelibraryisagoodplacetostudy.图书馆是一个学习的好地方。(动宾关系：live不及物加介词in)动词不定式常放在something、anything、nothing等复合不定代词的后面，作后置定语。如果复合不定代词还有形容词修饰，顺序是“something/anything/nothing...+形容词+动词不定式”。Doyouhaveanythingtosay?你有什么重要的话要说吗？知识拓展：动词不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可表示某一过去的特定动作。6.动词不定式作表语用法例句动词不定式可跟在系动词后作表语，表示主语的具体内容、目的等。Herambitionwastobeateacher.她的志向是当一名老师。动词不定式作表语通常可以跟主语进行位置互换。Mydreamistobeafamouspianist.=Tobeafamouspianistismydream.我的梦想是成为一名著名的钢琴家。7.动词不定式作独立成分(1)动词不定式作独立成分的用法用法例句动词不定式还可用作独立成分，用于表示说话人的观点或态度。常用的动词不定式短语有:tobehonest老实说；tobegin/startwith首先；totell(you)thetruth说实话。Tobehonest,wedon;tlikehimverymuch.老实说，我们不太喜欢他。(2)常见的作独立成分的动词不定式tobehonest老实说totellyouthetruth说实话tobegin/startwith首先tobefrank坦白说tospeakfrankly坦诚地说toconclude最后；总而言之三、“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构疑问代词who、whom、what、which和疑问副词when、how、where放在动词不定式前，构成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，该结构在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。Whattodoisanimportantquestion.要做什么是一个重要的问题。Ican'tdecidewho/whomtoinvite.我决定不了邀请谁。Thequestioniswhentostart.问题是什么时候开始。注意：该句型可与宾Canyoutellmewheretobuythescarf?=CanyoutellmewhereIcanbuythescarf?你能告诉我在哪里买围巾吗?四、动词不定式的特殊用法用法例句too...to...太……而不能……Thegirlistooyoungtolookafterherself.那个女孩太小而不能照顾他自己。Whydon'tyou+动词原形?=Whynot+不带to的不定式?为什么不……呢?Whydon'tyougetheraphotoalbum?=Whynotgetheraphotoalbum?为什么不给她买个相册呢?...enoughto...足够……可以……Tomisoldenoughtogotoschool.汤姆足够大了,可以去上学了。hadbetter(not)+不带to的不定式最好(不要)做某事You'dbetterdoyourhomeworkcarefullytoday.你今天最好认真做作业。Willyouplease+不带to的不定式?请……好吗?Willyoupleaseclosethedoor?请把门关上好吗?prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事也不做某事Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoshopping.我宁愿待在家里也不去购物。五、动词不定式符号to的省略用法例句在感官动词(see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)及使役动词(have,make)作宾语补足语时，后接不带to的动词不定式，但被动语态中，需要还原to。Iseehimreadinthelibrary.(主动语态)Heisseentoreadinthelibrary.我看见他在图书馆看书。(被动语态)why(not)...后省略to的情况。Whynotasktheteacher?为什么不问问老师?在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的动词不定式可以省略to。Ihelpedhim(to)repairhisbike.我帮他修自行车。but、except之前有实义动词do的某种形式时，其后通常省略动词不定式符号to,否则要带to。Ihadnochoicebuttowait.除了等，我没有别的选择。Hecoulddonothingbutstudyhard.他除了好好学习以外别无他法。在并列结构中，为了避免重复，可省略后一个动词不定式符号to。但两个动词不定式有对照或对比的意义时，后一个to不能省略。Icamenottoscoldbuttopraiseyou.我来不是责骂你，而是赞扬你。Shetoldthechildtostaythereandwaittillshecameback.她叫孩子待在那里，等她回来。主语部分含有实义动词do时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。Theonlythingtodonowis(to)goon.前进是现在唯一的出路。WhatI'lldois(to)tellherthetruth.我要做的就是告诉她真相。★知识点3动名词1.动名词的构成基本形式为“动词原形+-ing”;其否定形式“not+动名词”。2.动名词的句法功能成分用法例句作主语动名词作主语一般表示习惯性、经常性的动作，有时也用it作形式主语，而把动名词后置。动名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。Smokingisbadforyourhealth.吸烟对你的健康有害。宾语动名词既可作动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。IlikelisteningtoEnglishsongs.我喜欢听英文歌。(动词宾语)Stampsareusedforsendingletters.邮票是用来寄信的。动名词作宾语时，若后接宾语补足语，常用形式宾语it。Lilyfeltitnousearguingwithhimaboutthematter.莉莉觉得和他争论这件事没有用。作表语多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。Hishobbyisplantingflowers.=Plantingflowersishishobby.他的业余爱好是种花。作定语说明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。IplantowatchEnglishTVprogramseveryweekendinordertoimprovemylisteningskills.为了提高我的听力技能，我计划每个周末看英语电视节目。易错点：不定式作主语与动名词作主语时常可互换，但不定式作主语表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作，强调动作本身；动名词作主语所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强调事情本身；有时也可用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。3.后接动名词作宾语的常考动词avoid避免consider考虑mind介意finish完成imagine想象suggest建议enjoy喜欢keep坚持practice练习4.后接动名词作宾语的常考短语/句型bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事thankyoufordoingsth.感谢你做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事avoiddoingsth.避免做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事beinterestedindoingsth.你对做某事很感兴趣suggestdoingsth.建议做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事have+(no)problem/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做某事(没)有困难can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事完成练习值得忙，(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)继续习惯可放弃；(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考虑建议不禁想，(consider/suggest/can'thelp,feellike)喜欢错过要介意。(enjoy,miss,mind)5.既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语的动词stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettodosth.对将要做的事感到遗憾forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事sth.needdoing某事需要被做needtodosth.需要去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事continuedoingsth.继续做同一件事continuetodosth.继续做另一件事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事rememberremembertodosth.记得去做某事★知识点4分词一、分词的构成与分类1.分词的构成分词包括现在分词(动词原形+-ing)和过去分词(动词原形+-ed);其否定形式为“not+分词”。2.分词的分类分词包括现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形+-ing”构成；过去分词由“动词原形+-ed”构成，其否定形式为“not+分词”。但也有不规则的形式。二、分词的句法功能成分用法例句作定语现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语就是它所修饰的词。Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?你认识站在树下面的那位女孩吗?HeboughtacarmadeinChina.他买了一辆中国制造的汽车。作表语现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。Thefilmisverymoving.这部电影很感人。作状语分词作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.学生们谈笑着走出了教室。作宾语补足语现在分词可以在see,hear,notice,watch,feel,lookat,listento,observe,have,get,leave,keep,set,catch,find等动词(短语)后面，作宾语补足语，表示与被补足的宾语或主语之间是主动关系。Brownsatupwhenheheardsomeoneknockingonhisdoor.布朗听到有人敲他的门就坐了起来。过去分词作补语，与被补充说明的宾语或主语之间是被动关系。Don'tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.不要让我们等得太久。易错点：现在分词与过去分词的区别：①在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。如：amovingfilm一场感人的电影themovedpeople被感动的人们②在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。例如：developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家知识拓展:Weheardthesongsungbyhim.我们听见这首歌被他唱过。(过去分词sung作宾补，表示被动和完成)三、形容词化的动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式动词的-ed形式encouraging鼓舞人心的encouraged受鼓舞的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled迷惑的pleased高兴的，满意的satisfying令人满意的satisfied满意的tiring令人困倦的tired疲劳的exciting令人兴奋的excited兴奋的disappointing令人失望的disappointed失望的satisfying令人满意的surprised吃惊的总结：形容词化的动词的-ing形式意为“令人……的”,多修饰事物；形容词化的动词的-ed形式含有被动意味，多用于描述人的感觉或情绪等，表示“感到……的”。★知识点5中考题型及例题一、考点1非谓语动词的用法考查题型1选择类(单项选择、完形填空)例题1Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree_______it.A.sell B.sells C.sold D.tosell【答案】D【解析】句意:这幅油画对他来说真的很珍贵。他永远不会同意卖掉它。agreetodosth.“同意做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。例题2——Safetycomesfirst!Everyoneshouldstopthekidsfrom_______inthelakeorriver. ——Lifeisvaluable.Kidsmustremember_______theschoolrules.A.swim;tofollow B.swimming;following C.swim;following D.swimming;tofollow【答案】D【解析】句意:——安全第一！每个人都应该阻止孩子们去湖里或者河里游泳。——生命是宝贵的。考查固定用法。孩子们必须记得遵守校规。stopsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，swimminginthelakeorriver为动名词作宾语；remembertodosth.“记得去做某事”。故选D。例题3(2023陕西中考改编)WhenIfirstlostmyhearing,IwassadthatIcouldneveragainhearmymothersing.ButnowIputmyeartoherchestthevibrations(震动)ofhervoice.Now,Ifeelmusicinsteadofhearingit.【答案】B【解析】根据下文的“Now,Ifeelmusicinsteadofhearingit.”可以判断用feel;结合语境可知，此处指“我把耳朵贴在她的胸口来感受她声音的震动”,所以应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。二、考查题型2填空类(单句填空、语篇填空)例题4Thislong-timehobbyhasalsoallowedhim___________(express)himselfthroughart.【答案】toexpress【解析】句意:这个长期的爱好也让他能够通过艺术来表达他自己。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填toexpress。例题5(词汇应用节选)ChenGanglikes__________(爬)mountains.HehasbeentotheQinghai-TibetPateaumanytimesoverthepastnineyears.Althoughhemeetslotsofdifficulties,heneverthinksofgivingup.【答案】climbing【解析】句意:陈刚喜欢爬山。climb“爬"；likedoingsth.“喜欢做某事”，侧重表达通常喜欢做的事。故填climbing。一、考查题型1选择类(单项选择、完形填空)的解题方法：1.判断固定搭配：根据非谓语动词的固定搭配，结合语境、观察选项，判断出正确答案。2.:当题型考查动词不定式作目的状语，可以使用分析句子结构的方法，结合语境判断空处在句子中所作的成分，再结合语境选出正确选项。二、考查题型2填空类(单句填空、语篇填空)的解题方法：首先，阅读题干，观察题目是否已给出动词。题目如果已给出动词，应根据非谓语动词的用法来填出所给动词的适当形式。题目如果没有给出动词，那就要根据语境判断出应填写的动词。★专项过关考查题型1选择类(单项选择、完形填空)一、单项选择(一)动词不定式的用法★动词不定式作主语1.（2025·上海松江·一模）Isitnecessaryforus________onclothesbeforebuyingthem?A．try B．totry C．trying D．tried2.（2025·上海徐汇·一模）Itisgettingmoredifficult________ticketsforsomepopularsingers’concerts.A．buy B．buying C．tobuy D．bought3.上海杨浦It'sacustomfortheChinese__________agiftforfriendswhenvisitingthem.A.bring B.bringing C.tobring D.brought4.（2024·山东滨州·一模）It'sreallyimportant_____andgiveloveandjoytopeoplearoundus.A.sharing B.share C.toshare D.shares5.（2024·云南昆明·三模）It'spolite_____“thankyou"veryoften,eventofamilymembers.A.say B.tosay C.saying D.said★动词不定式作宾语1.（2025·上海崇明·一模）WhenTedwasabouttoopenhisofficedoor,herealizedhehadforgotten________hiskey.A．bring B．brought C．tobring D．bringing2.（2025·上海普陀·一模）Withonlyafewminutesleft,theymanaged________thegamearound.A．turn B．turning C．toturn D．turned3.（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Manypeoplefailed________homeintimeforNewYear’sEvedinnerbecauseoftheheavysnow.A．arrive B．arriving C．toarrive D．toarriving4.（2024·上海宝山·二模）Michaelexpected________thebasketballmatchsohetrainedharddayandnight.A．towin B．winning C．win D．won5.（2024·广东汕头·二模）—Whatdidthedoctortellhimtodoaftertheoperation?—Hewasadvised________lightfoodforthenextfewdays.A．tohave B．nottohave C．having D．nothaving★不定式作表语1.（2024·福建泉州·二模）—HaveyouheardoftheYAUMathematicalSciencesLeadersProgram?—Ofcourse.Itsaimis______topmathtalentsinChina.A．training B．totrain C．trained2.（2024·福建南平·二模）—It’simportanttokeepaheadonsafety.—Well.Myadviceis________somebasicfirst-aidknowledge.A．knows B．knew C．toknow3.（2024·福建福州·一模）——Idon'tsleepwellandfeelanxiousthesedays.——Well,myadviceis_______thecausefirst.A.finds B.found C.tofind4.（2023·上海嘉定·一模）Adetective'sjobis_______theinnocentaswellasfindtheguilty.A.protect B.protects C.protected D.toprotect5.（2022·江苏南京·二模）Inordertomakeanarticleorganized,thefirststepis_____achart.A.make B.made C.tomake D.tobemade★不定式作定语1.（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Ifyouareafanoftrains,theNationalRailwayMuseumisagreatplace.A．tovisit B．visit C．visiting D．tovisiting2.（2024·上海杨浦·三模）I’msohungry.Ineedsomething_______.A．eat B．toeat C．eating D．eaten3.（2024·上海松江·一模）MrLimadeapromise_________toabiggerflatassoonashechangedthejob.A．move B．tomove C．moving D．moved4.（2024·广西梧州·一模）Itisreallyaniceplace________forus.A．tovisit B．visit C．visiting5.（2024·福建三明·二模）Live-streaming(网络直播)offersfarmerschances__________fruitandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A．sell B．selling C．tosell★动词不定式作主语补足语1.（2023·江苏淮安·一模）Thewillowcatkins(柳絮)areoftenseen________inHuaianinMay.A．swim B．toswim C．swimming D．swam2.（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Thenaughtyboysweremade________theirmathshomeworkthenextday.A．handingup B．handout C．tohandin D．tohandingoff3.（2023·上海杨浦·一模）Allstaffareadvised________theirownlunchboxesbecausethecanteenwasburnt.A．bring B．bringing C．tobring D．brought4.（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）Asteenagers,wearenotallowed________mobilephonesintoschoolsothatwecanfocusonourschoolwork.A．bring B．tobring C．bringing D．brought5.（2023·四川自贡·中考真题）—Mike,wearetoldnot________thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.—Iamsorry.Iwon’tdoitagain.A．answering B．toanswer C．answer★动词不定式作宾语补足语1.（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Thepoliceremindedthepublic__________outforpickpocketsincrowdedareas.A.look B.looked C.tolook D.looking2.（2025·上海宝山·一模）Readingbringsmealotoffunandenablesme__________theworlddeeply.A.understand B.tounderstand C.understood D.understanding3.（2025·上海普陀一模）OurEnglishteacheralwaysencouragesus__________questionsinhisclass.A.ask B.asking C.toask D.asked4.（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）Ourschooloftenadvisesus________closetonatureandenjoyitsbeauty.A．get B．getting C．gets D．toget5.（2024·上海金山·二模）LastDecember,ChinaallowedMalaysiantourists________thecountryfor15dayswithoutavisa.(签证)A．enter B．toenter C．enters D．entered★动词不定式作目的状语1.（2025·上海虹口一模）TheItalianorganizationshavemadeaplan________moretouriststothelandmarks.A.attract C.attracting B.toattract D.attracted2.（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________moreaboutrarewildanimals,Ispentsometimesearchingonlinelastnight.A．Tolearn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Chinahasmadegreatefforts________othercountriesbuildhigh-speedrailways.A．help B．tohelp C．helping D．helped4.（2024·江苏南京·三模）TheORBISdoctorsdideverything________thegirlwitheyeproblems.A．save B．saved C．tosave D．saving5.（2024·江苏连云港·三模）________moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicashissecondcourse.A．Learning B．Learned C．Tolearn D．Learn★动词不定式作原因状语1.Lauralostherwalletandshewasafraid_______herparentsaboutit.A.tell B.totell C.telling D.told2.Thechildrenweresohappyto_______somebirds'eggsintheforest.A.invent B.discover C.inventing D.discovering★动词不定式作结果状语1.（2024·福建厦门·二模）Knowingthattheyhaveraisedenoughmoneyforthechildren’shome,hewastooexcited________aword.A．say B．saying C．tosay2.（2024·西藏日喀则一模）Thelittlegirlis________young________gotoschool.A.to;too B.so;that C.so;to D.too;to3.（2023·江苏无锡·三模）Yournewjobsounds____tobetrue-interestingwork,highpay,shorthours.Areyousureit'snotadream?A.toogood B.goodenough C.tooreal D.realenough4.（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）Thecharityorganizationhasmadeapromise________5milliontreesinthisareaby2025.A.plant B.toplant C.planting D.planted5.（22-23九年级上·湖南益阳·期末）——DoyoumindactionmovieslikeSpider-Manwhenyouaretootired_________?——No,ofcoursenot.A.think B.tothink C.thinking二、动词不定式作宾语不定式主动表被动（2024·陕西西安·三模）—Hello,Tom.Wetumbrellasarenotallowed________intoourclassroomaccordingtotherules.—Sorry,Mr.Li.I________.A．tobetaken;won’t B．tobetaken;will C．totake;won’t D．totake;will(二)动名词的用法★动名词作主语1.（2024·甘肃武威·一模）________choreshelps________developchildren’sindependence.A．Did;to B．Do;/ C．Doing;to D．Do;to2.（2024·吉林松原·二模）Volunteering________theworldwarmer.Evensmallthingscanmakeabigdifference.A．makes B．make C．made3.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）——Whatdoyoulikedoinginyourfreetime?——Reading,ofcourse.________makesafullman.IespeciallylikethebooksbyLuXun.A．Reading B．Read C．Reads4.（2023年重庆市第二外国语学校中考一模）________canhelpuslearn________abouttheworld.A.Reading:alotof B.Read;lotsof C.Read;alot D.Reading;alot5.（2023·广西柳州·二模）——Jim,doyouoftenshoponline?——Seldom.Ithink________overtheInternetisn’talwayssafe.A．paying B．pays C．pay★动名词作宾语1.（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Byreadingthepublicsigns,hehadnodifficultyin_______theshoppingmall.A．find B．found C．tofind D．finding2.（2025·上海虹口·一模）Grandparemembered________thekeyonthetable,buthecouldn’tfinditthere.A．leave B．toleave C．leaving D．left3.（2025·上海长宁·一模）Iimagined________theproblemeasily,butitturnedouttobemuchharder.A．solve B．solving C．tosolve D．solved4.（2025·上海青浦·一模）Foragreatperformance,theboysspentthewholeday________theirinstruments.A．practising B．topractise C．practised D．practise5.（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Shestopped________whensherealizedtheteacherwasnotjoking.A．laugh B．laughed C．tolaugh D．laughing★动名词作表语1.Mybiggestchallengeis________Englishmorefluently.A．tolearnspeaks B．learningsayC．learntosay D．learningtospeak2．Hishobbiesare________booksand________tomusic.A．toread,tolisten B．reading,tolisten C．reading,listening D．listen,read3．Myproblemis________friends.A．tohavenoclosely B．havingnocloseC．tohavenoclosed D．havingnoclosed4．Mybiggestchallengeis________Englishmorefluently(流利地).A．tolearnspeaks B．learningtosay C．learntosay D．learningtospeak★动名词作定语1.（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）Finishingamealin20to30minutesiswidelyconsideredastheideal________time.A．sporting B．shopping C．dressing D．eating2.（23-24九年级上·黑龙江鹤岗·期末）His________Englishispoor,sohemustimprovehis________skills.A．speaking;spoken B．spoken;speaking C．speaking;speaking3．MyChineseispoorallthetime.HowcanIimprovemy________skills?A．speak B．speaking C．spoken4．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·一模）Thestudentsandtheirteacher________eagerlylookingforwardto________SpringFestival.A．is;come B．are;coming C．are;thecoming5.Couldyoupleasetellme________improvemy________ability?A．howto;read B．howto;reading C．whatto;reading D．whatto;read（三）现在分词的用法★现在分词作表语1.Myhobbyis________chess.Ialsoenjoy________stamps.A．play;collecting B．toplay;collectC．playing;tocollect D．playing;collecting2.It’soften________hereinsummer.Look!It’sraining.A．sunny B．raining C．windy D．cloudy3.Thebookhe_______onthetableisstill_______there.A．lay,lying B．laid,laying C．lied,lying D．laid,lying4.Neverlose_______heartwhen_______anydifficulties.A．/；facing B．the；facing C．a；faced D．/；faced5.I’mnot_______.Ihaveafever.A．feelwell B．feelinggood C．feelingwell D．feelgood★现在分词作定语1.（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Aretheremanystudents________abouttheMid-termStarAwardsafterclass?—Yes,ofcourse.A．talk B．totalk C．talking D．talked2.（2024·四川成都·一模）—Whoistheman________?—Oh,heisMr.Green,anEnglishteacher.A．talkedwithMary B．talkswithMary C．talkingwithMary3.（2024·河北·一模）Theremustbemanypeople________atthebusstationnow.A．waited B．towait C．waiting D．wait4.（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Thereareonlytenminutes________.A．remained B．remaining C．remains D．beingremained5.（2024·甘肃武威·二模）Thereisacar________outside.A．waiting B．wait C．towait D．towaiting★现在分词作状语1.（2024·江苏南通·二模）Thesunwasshiningbrightly,________everythingtherelookmorebeautiful.A．making B．tomake C．andmake D．andmaking2.（2024·四川成都·三模）Mysisterwonthecompetitionlastweekendandgothighpraisefrommyparents,__________anexampleforme.A．toset B．setting C．set3.（2024·甘肃武威·二模）Hehurriedhome,_________behindashewent.A．looking B．looked C．beinglook D．waslooking4．（2023·江苏南京·三模）ChinalaunchedtheShenzhouXVImannedspaceshipseveraldaysago,________threeastronautstoitsspacestationcombinationforafive-monthmission.A．tosend B．sent C．sending D．havesent5.（2023·江苏南京·一模）Sofar,thereare13wetlandcitiesinChina,________agreatvarietyofcitystyles.A．show B．showing C．toshow D．haveshown★现在分词作补足语1.（2024·甘肃武威·一模）WhenIwaswalkingpasthisroom,Ihearhim________piano.A．playing B．toplay C．toplaythe D．playingthe2.（2024·海南·一模）PeoplegotveryexcitedwhentheywatchedMs.Smith________attheparty.A．danced B．dancing C．todance3.（2023·江苏镇江·二模）—Hurryup,Jason!We’regoingtothecinema,buttheclothesstillneed________.—Don’tworry.Ithinkthirtyminutesisenough.A．washing B．towash C．washed D．wash4.（2023·上海长宁·二模）I’msorryIhavekeptyou________forsuchalongtime.Thetrafficwasterrible.A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．towait5.（2023·上海奉贤·一模）WhenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawadrone(无人机)________overmyhead.A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly6.（2023·重庆渝中·模拟预测）—ItriedtomakeKate_______herschoolprojectcarefullybutIfounditdifficult.—Well,Isawyou________thatwhenIwentpast.A．did;do B．do;doing C．done;todo D．does;doing★过去分词作状语1．（2024·江苏常州·一模）________“theDragonYear”,thename“LoongYear”increasesourculturalconfidenceasChinese.A．Comparewith B．Tocomparewith C．Comparedwith D．Comparingwith2.（2024年江苏省宿迁市宿豫区中考一模）——What'stheadvantageofthisnewtypeofspacecraft?——_______current(现有)spacecrafts,thenewoneswouldtravelmuchfaster.A.ComparedwithB.Comparingwith C.Tocomparewith D.Comparewith3.（2023·江苏镇江·一模）________withgasolinecars,electriccarsaremoreenergysaving,makingthemcheapertooperate.A．Compared B．Tocompare C．Comparing D．Compare4.（2023·四川成都·一模）Withthesmokealarm________outsidethebedroom,theGreenswerewokenupintimetostoptheterriblefire.A．placed B．placing C．toplace5.（2022·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Myhometownusedtobeasmallplace________with________itisnow.A．compared;how B．compared;what C．comparing;what D．comparing;how★过去分词作定语1.（2024·江苏南京·一模）AnartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT________byOpenAIisoneofthefastest-growingconsumerappsinhistory.A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered2.（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Bequick!Thereislittletime________beforethefilmstarts.—OK.Let’sgonow.A．leaving B．toleave C．leaves D．left3.（2024·湖南怀化·一模）Nowadays,peoplecangetmoreinformationaboutthegoodsthroughtheQRcode(二维码)________onthecard.A．isprinted B．printed C．thatprinted4．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Thetea________inChina________tomanydifferentcountriesandplaceseachyear.A．ismade;sent B．made;sent C．made;issent5.（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Thenewrobot_________lastmonthcandomanyjobsinsteadofhumans.A．invents B．invented C．isinvented D．wasinvented★过去分词作补足语1.（24-25九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）——RecentlyIcan'tseethingsclearly.HowIregret_mobilegameslong!——Ithinkyoushouldgetyoureyes________first.A.playing;checked B.playing;tocheck C.toplay;checked D.toplay;checking2.（2024·河北衡水·三模）—Doyouhaveanydifficultyin________English?—Yes,butItrytomakemyself________.A．speaking,understood B．tospeak,understood C．speaking,understand D．tospeak,tounderstand3.（2024·甘肃武威·三模）TomorrowisMonday,soyoumustgetyourhomework_________today.A．done B．todo C．does D．do4.（2023·江苏扬州·一模）Thecareerhedevotedhimselfto________him________bypeopleallovertheworld.A．made;remembered B．making;rememberC．making;wasremembered D．made;toremember5.（2023·四川成都·二模）—Dad,thecomputerdoesn’twork.—Don’tworry.I’llgetit________tomorrow.A．torepair B．repaired C．repairing★独立主格结构1.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,________parentssittingtogetherjoking.A．their B．whose C．which D．that2．________startwith,Iwanttotellyouanimportantthing.A．To B．Of C．From D．About3．________,it’sreallyhardtosaygoodbyetoparentswhenleavinghomes.A．Tobehonest B．Tobeinghonest C．Tobehonestly考查题型2填空类(单句填空、语篇填空)一、完成句子（一）动词不定式的用法★动词不定式作主语1.（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）你认为与同学友好相处容易吗?Doyouthinkyourclassmates?2.（2024·江苏常州·二模）对学生们来说不熬夜是多么有必要啊！How!3.（2024·江苏无锡·二模）关注青少年的心理健康很有必要。It’snecessarytoteenagers’mentalhealth.4.（2024·江苏常州·一模）对我们来说，要对这些孩子产生巨大的影响是多么困难啊！Howthechildren!5.（2024·上海虹口·二模）wisely,managemoney,itis,tolearn,important,howto,(连词成句).6.（2023·广东广州·二模）学习英语很有必要。通过学习英语，我们能更好地推广我们的文化。learnEnglish.WecanpromoteourcultureinabetterwaybylearningEnglish.★动词不定式作宾语1.（2024·江苏无锡·二模）我们必须学会防范任何可能的危险来提升自身的信息安全。Wemustlearntotoimproveourowninformationsecurity.2.（2024·江苏常州·一模）当时警察们别无选择，只能强行闯入这座房子。Thepoliceatthattime.3.（2024·江苏常州·一模）电梯需要每三个月检查一次以便使它们正常工作。Elevatorsneed.4.（2024·广东广州·二模）许多学生想知道为什么他们需要参加关于压力的讲座。Manystudentsmaywonderattendthelectureonpressure.5.（2024·上海嘉定·一模）Childrencanlearnaboutresponsibilitiesfromkeepinganimalsaspets.（保持句意不变）6.Childrencanlearntofromkeepinganimalsaspets.★动词不定式作表语1.（2024·江苏常州·一模）本次活动的目的是教会学生在日常生活中如何节能。Thepurposeoftheactivity.2.（23-24九年级上·甘肃陇南·期末）我的职责就是照看动物园里的这些动物。Mydutyistotheanimalsinthezoo.3.（2022·江苏常州·二模）这个活动的目的是帮助更多的消费者了解这个产品的质量。Thepurposeoftheactivity.4.（2022·甘肃定西·模拟预测）成功的第一步是了解你的目标并追逐它们。Thefirststepofsuccessistoknowyourgoalsandthem.5.我的愿望就是轻而易举地赢得比赛。Mywishisthematch.★动词不定式作定语1.（2025·上海长宁·一模）YoushouldchooseJamesifyouneedagoodsecretary.（保持句意基本不变）Ifyouneedagoodsecretary,Jamesistherightperson.2.（2024·上海奉贤·二模）hasmade,Susan,further,inCanada,herstudies,to,adecision(连词成句).3.（2024·河北承德·二模）is,it,to,to,go,time,sleep