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A第04讲阅读理解之说明文(讲义)

目录

复习目标掌握目标及备考方向

二考情分析中考阅读理解说明文考情分析

1.细节理解题

阅读说明文的2.推理判断题

三3.词义猜测题

考向4.主旨大意题

5.提升必考题型归纳

四真题感悟中考阅读说明文经典考题精选

【复习目标】

1.熟练语篇类型和语篇结构

2.明确命题规律和提问方式

3.掌握不同题型的解题方法

【考情分析】

阅读理解说明文命题规律

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物,阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念

来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性,给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事

物说明和抽象事物说明两大类,词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词

及科学小品等都属于说明文。

阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息:

A.说明的对象

B.说明对象的特征

C.说明的方法(例证法;定义法;分类法;因果关系法;比较对照法;过程分析法)

【名师解难】

说明文阅读理解的特征

一般说来,英语说明文与其他文体一样,文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面,即WhoTwhat-

when—where-how—whyo

1.who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)

2.what:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)

3.when和where:是在何时何地发生的?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)

4.how:通过什么方式表现出来的?

5.why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?

做说明文阅读理解题的时候,一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读,边搜记,牢记要点,把握全文。

说明文阅读理解的解题技巧

阅读说明类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系,如因果、条件、从属、并列等;以及说明方

法,如定义、例释、类比等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练,不断提高判断、归纳、分析和解决问题的

能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章,了解一些基本的科普知识;其次,在阅读时要注意实验的

目的和筝卷,不能凭想象和猜测下结论;对于较难理解的句子要利用垮渚筝峋去分析;最后,要利用文章

特点找准丰博句,把握中心,从而一一破解题目。

一、解题技巧

技巧一快速读题,正确理解题干,定位关键词,带着问题读文章。

技巧二运用正确的阅读策略,变速阅读文章,学会处理文中的冗余信息。

技巧三注意特殊语言现象,在含有关键词的句子处标上题号。

技巧四注意正确项和干扰项的特征,回到文中确定答案。

技巧五合理猜测,推敲生词的含义。

技巧六符合题目要求,对信息进行必要的加工处理。

二、解题方法

先读懂文章,然后按顺序答题。此方法适合内容较易于理解和记忆的文章。

先读试题再读文章,这样我们可以带着问题有的放矢地阅读文章,迅速选出答案。

先阅读一篇文章,把握中心大意,然后开始答题,对暂时确定不了的答案,可回读文章的有关内容并对其

进行分析、推敲后再确定。

俳涂舐对拿不准的答案,可先逐项排除自己有把握的错误选项,再将剩下的答案进行比较、筛选,直到

确定最佳答案。

三、注意事项

1.限时阅读:严格控制做题时间,具体到每一篇文章,通过有意识的训练,达到时间分配上的合理性。

2.带着问题读:先快速浏览一遍题目,再开始阅读文章,有针对性的阅读会提升速度。

3.找对应词句:中考阅读理解的答案都会聚焦到文章的词或句子上,在做题时找到相应的原文,并进行勾

勒、标注,重点理解,有助于排除疑虑,且方便检查。

4.重点注意首段、尾段、首句、尾句:中考阅读理解的材料都是有鲜明的中心句的,把握好中心句有助于

全篇的理解。中心句通常位于首段、尾段、首句或尾句,需要特别注意。

5.理解作者意图:切勿将自己的意图强加到文章中,特别是在做主旨大意题时。

【网络构建】

中考英语中的说明文,按照说明对象的不同,通常可分为两种类型:事物性说明文和事理性说明文。

以河南省中考阅读C篇分析来看:

事物性说明文:

说明人物或一种具体的事物,使读者了解说明对命题点:图文转换、词义猜测、主旨大意、

象的特征。如:2023年C篇,阐释了自行车脚踏最佳标题、出处推断

发电装置的发电原理。f

事理性说明文:

命题点:写作手法、文本结构、写作目的、

说明一个道理、一种现象或事物的因果关系。

正误推断、最佳标题

如:2022年C篇,说明了不同动物的睡眠方式。

△说明文答题技巧

.夯基-必备基础破璇理

分析2023年各地区说明文类阅读理解,大都考查细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题以及主旨大意题

(一)细节理解题

命题规律:

细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问,命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考

生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例,几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的

“半壁江山”。这类题考点可以源自段内的单句信息理解,也可以来自段落内综合信息的理解。考查内容涉及

时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式以及在议论文中可以涉及例证的细节和定义类的细节。

命题方式:

1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what.which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出问题。

2.填空题形式。通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节。

题型和考查角度:

1.高频考点:直接信息题;间接信息题。

2.中频考点:数字计算题;

3.低频考点:细节排序题;正误判断题。

解题原则:注意句子的逻辑关系,依附原文,杜绝主观臆断。

解题技巧:

第一步:审读题干,提取关键信息;

第二步:速读定位原文信息句,将试题信息与原文信息进行语义转换;

第三步:逐一核对选项,仔细辨别,得出答案。

解题原则:对原文中能直接排除的进行筛选,不能直接找到的多处相关信息进行整合转换。

(二)推理判断题

推理判断题是中考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一,包括推理和判断两个方面,是考生失分率较高的题

型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,进行逻辑推理,对文章的细节、作者的态度、意

图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析今年高考题可知,推断题呈不断上升的趋势,且由过去简单的对号入座

直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力,难度比之前有所增加。

题型和考查角度:

1.高频考点:隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度。

2.低频考点:文章出处、文章结构、目标读者。

错误原因:

1.主观臆断

2.缺乏逻辑

3.过度推理

4.缺乏常识

隐含推断类题型

锁定关键词:

根据题干关键词infer(推断),suggest(表明,暗示),conclude(得出结论),indicate(暗示,象

征),imply(暗示),assume(假定,设想)迅速确定题型

解题指导:

(1)浏览选项,首先排除对原文信息简单重复的错误选项

(2)抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理:在原文中确定推理依据的位置或范围后,要善于抓住关键信息

去分析判断;

(3)整合全文/段信息进行推断:有时需要在弄懂全文或全段的基础上,整合与题目相关的有效信息去进

行综合推断,才能确定最佳选项。无论哪种推断形式必须立足原文,避免主观臆断。

观点态度类题型

锁定关键词:

根据题干中表达情感的形容词、副词、动词或介词短语等,如attitude(态度),outstanding(优秀

的,突出的),disagree(不同意),hopefully(有希望的),against(反对),infavorof(赞成),迅速确

定题型。

解题指导:

(1)认真审题,明确“谁对谁”的态度,明确答题方向

(2)关注段落首尾句,推断文章和段落主题,确定观点

(3)注意作者或文中人物的措辞

(4)分析修饰语和字里行间所隐含的意思,切忌用自己观点代替作者或文中人物的观点;

(5)牢记观点态度的常见词语

写作意图类题型

锁定关键词:

根据题干关键词purpose(目的),intendto(打算),wanttotellus...(想要告诉我们),writethis

passageto(写这篇文章为了)迅速确定题型。

解题指导:

(1)根据文章或段落主旨推断作者写作意图;

(2)根据文体推断写作意图

说明文:其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握,应找准主题句(tointroduce,toexplain,toinform,to

makecomparisons...)

(三)词义猜测题

命题规律:

词义猜测题是高考阅读理解试题中的必考题型,可以是对一个单词意义的推断,也可以是对一个短语或

句子的推断,既可以考查生词的意义,也可以考查熟词的新意,可以考查替代词的内容。在阅读理解题中,

所考查的词或短语大多超出考纲的范围,需要根据语境进行推测其含义。

平时的训练中应当注意生词和短语的积累,还要掌握构词法,和一定的解题技巧。

题型和考查角度:

1.猜测生词或熟词生义。

2.猜测短语的意义。

3.猜测代替词所替代的内容。

4.猜测句意。

命题方式:

Thephrase"...”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby"

Theword"…"intheparagraphreferto"

Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthe.,paragraph?

Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase"..."?

Theword"...”mostnearlymeans"

Theunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraphimpliesthat.

解题技巧:

1.定位文中画线处上下文。

2.理解上下文,查找提示点,根据背景、上下文等线索推测生词词义。

选项特征:

正确选项特征

1.将选项代入原文,壬下文逻辑通顺。

2.含义和其字面意思一般没有关系。

干扰项特征

1.与划线部分词形相似

2.考查熟词生义时,含有常规词义的往往不正确

3.选项中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般为错误选项。

1.根据定义推测词义:

有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义,如线索词thatis,or,namely,inother

words,thatistosay,tobemoreexact,toputitanotherway,whichis等。

2.根据举例推测词义:

有时,划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子,这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词suchas,

such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等。

3.根据对比关系或转折关系推测词义:

表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,similarly,onthecontrary,in

contrastto等。

4.根据同义词或并列结构推测词义:

在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中,作者为了避免语言的单调和重复,会使用意思相同或相近的词,

此时,只要知道其中一个词的意思,就能猜出另一个词的意思。

5.根据构词法推测词义:

英语中的很多词汇,尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的,因此,掌握主要的构词法有

助于猜测词义。

6.根据因果关系推测词义:

因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as,since,because,for,so,thus,

consequently,therefore,hence,dueto,resultin,resultfrom,asaresult,forthisreason,accordingly,so...that,

such...that等可知上下句存在因果,从而依据某一句的含义,来确定另一句的含义。

(四)主旨大意题

命题规律:

主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力,又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。不仅考查考生略读文章、

领会大意的能力,也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据,需要考生

从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括,才能归纳出文章的主旨。

题型和考查角度:

1.主题类:文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)

2.标题类:标题判断题(选择最佳标题)。

要做好主旨大意题,我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。

选项特征:

正确选项特征

3.涵盖性强,覆盖全文或全段。

4.确定的范围恰当,既不太大,也不太小。

5.精确性强,不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩

6.语言精练,若是标题类,则应当醒目且语言具有概括性和针对性。-

干扰项特征

1.过于笼统范围太大,超出文章内容。

2.以偏概全只是文章的某一部分或者某一个细节,或是某一个段落的要点或者部分。

3.主观臆断与文章内容无关,只是涉及个别单词或按现实生活生搬硬套。

命题方式:

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

What'sthefirst/second/third....paragraphmainlyabout?

What'sthemainideadiscussedinthefirst/second/..paragraph?

不解题技巧:

1.说明文:明文的主题句一般在文首,但有的在文尾,也有的首尾呼应。

段落大意题

通过结构或暗示概括段落大意

1.根据逻辑结构概括段落大意:要准确概括段落大意,务必知道该段落的逻辑结构。如该段为总分顺序组

织,则主题句在段首;如该段为分总顺序组织,则主题句在段尾;如该段为分总分顺序组织,则主题句在

段中;如该段对比各事物,则其异同点即为该段大意。一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头,其后是论证性细

节。在说明文、论述文或新闻报道中多采用这种形式

2.通过暗示揣摩段落大意:有时,作者不直接写出主题句,而是通过情感态度等方法暗示性地体现主题,

此时要根据文中所叙述的事实和线索综合判断去揣摩并概括出段落大意。

.提升-必考题型归纳

(一)

(2024・辽宁・统考模拟预测)

Peoplearetryingtobuild“greenbuildings^^thatarefriendlytotheenvironment.Theymightnotseemany

differentfromcommonbuildings.Butlefstakeacloserlook.

Staycoolandwarm.Ittakesalotofenergytolightrooms.Italsotakesenergytoheatandcoolbuildings.So

greenbuildingsaredesignedtodoallthesethingswithmuchlessenergy.Anenergy-smartbuildingstartswith

thickwalls.Specialinsulation(隔热材料)insidekeepsheatinsideinwinterandkeepsheatoutsideinsummer.This

savesenergyforheatingandcooling.Somegreenbuildingsdon'tneedanyradiators(散热器)orairconditioningat

all!

Savethetrees.Whatabuildingismadefromcanalsohelptheplanet.Tosaveforests,somegreenbuildings

havebamboofloorsinsteadofwood.Bamboolookslikewood,butifsactuallyagrass.Itgrowsback20times

fasterthanatree.Anotherwaytobuildgreenistouserecycledmaterials.Thatsavesthecostandreducespollution

ofproducingsomethingnew.

Makebetterhome.Cityplannerslikegreenbuildingsbecausetheysavemoneyandtheyarehealthierforthe

peoplewhoworkandliveinside.Butyoudon'tneedtobuildawholenewbuilding.Simplechangeslikeshading

windowsandplantingtreescanmakeanyhomegreener-andabetterEarthhomeforusall.

Asmorepeoplebecomeconcerned(担忧的)aboutclimatechange,morebuildingsaregoinggreen.Expertsare

findingnewwaystobuildgreenbuildings.Wealsoneedtochangeourmind.Lefstakeactionnow!

1.Howdoesanenergy-smartbuildingsaveenergyforheatingandcooling?

A.Itusesairconditioners.B.Itusessmartradiators.

C.Ithasspecialthickwalls.D.Ithasfewerroomlights.

2.Bambooisusedinsteadofwoodingreenbuildingsbecause

A.itisarecycledmaterialB.itgrowsbackmuchfaster

C.itcankeeptheroomwarmD.itcansavealotofmoney

3.InParagraph4,thewriteradvisesusto

A.buildawholenewgreenbuildingB.payattentiontoclimatechange

C.makesmallchangestoourhomeD.useonlygastocookourmeals

4.Howisthetextorganized?

(①二Paragraph1,©=Paragraph2,...)

(2023・河南周口•校考三模)

They'vebeenextinct(灭绝)formorethan65millionyears.Theyleftnopicturesbutlibrarieswerefilledwith

booksaboutthem.Yet,theyliveonintheimaginationsofpeople.Mentiontheword"dinosaur“toanyoneand

you'resuretohavesomethingtotalkabout.

Wehaveknownaboutthesestrangelivingthingsformorethan200years.Theirfossil(化石)recordwasfirst

discoveredin1818.Theword“dinosaur“wascreatedin1842byascientistwhoputtwoGreekwordstogether.

Whatweknowaboutdinosaurscomesonlythroughthefossilrecordtheyleftbehind.Wecangetanideaof

howtheylookedbybuildingtheirskeletons(骨架)withfossilizedbonesandteeth.Theymusthavebeenamazing

astheytoweredhighabovetheotherlivingthingsoftheirtime.Wedoknowthattheylivedonlandandwalked.

Somewalkedontwolegs.Otherspreferredfourlegs.Somewerefastandotherswerequiteslow.

Wehaveaprettygoodpictureoftheirsizeandstructure,butnotmuchelseisknownforcertain.Forexample,

whatcolorwerethey?Nobodyknows.Didtheycrylikelions,orweretheirvoicessweetandmusicallikebirds?

Again,howcanweknow?Thefossilrecorddoesnotspeak.

Keepinmindthatwhatwedon'tknowaboutdinosaursisfargreaterthanwhatwedoknowaboutthem.As

withalotofresearchesaboutthatera,scientistsoftenhavetoreadbetweenthelines.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

5.Whichofthefollowingpicturesisthedinosaur?

6.Whenwasthefirstdinosaurfossildiscovered?

A.Almost200yearsago.B.Over200yearsago.

C.Morethan65millionyearsago.D.Almost200millionyearsago.

7.Whatarepeoplesureaboutdinosaurs?

A.Colorandaction.B.Sizeandstructure.

C.Soundandlanguage.D.Personalityandfeeling.

8.WhafsthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Differentkindsofdinosaurs.B.Severalfactsaboutdinosaurs.

C.Thesizeandstructureofdinosaurs.D.Someunknownthingsaboutdinosaurs.

9.Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Theappearanceofdinosaurs

B.Theplaceswheredinosaurslived

C.Thereasonswhydinosaursdiedout

D.Knownandunknownfactsaboutdinosaurs

(2023・福建厦门・厦门外国语学校校考模拟预测)

AspecialseasonofVoiceofChinathatspotlights(聚焦)onYueOpera,anationalintangibleculturalheritage

(非物质文化遗产),wasonZhejiangTV.

YueOpera,oneofthefivemajorChineseoperas(PekingOpera,YueOpera,HuangmeiOpera,PingOpera,Yu

Operaintheorderofinfluence),isknownas"Chinesedrama“abroad.YueoperastartedinShaoxing,Zhejiangand

laterbecamepopularinShanghai.Xiaosheng,Xiaodan,Laosheng,Laodan,Xiaochou,andDamianarethesix

majorrolesinYueOpera.XiaoshengaretheyoungmanroleswhileXiaodanaretheyoungwomanroles.Laosheng

andLaodanreferstotheoldermanandwomanroles.Xiaochouusuallyplayafunrole.Damianaremostly

treacherous(不忠的).

Workingwiththeprovince'sdepartmentofcultureandtourism,ZhejiangTVtriestousetheinfluenceof

VoiceofChina,whichhasownedagreataudience(观众)groupinhomeandabroadsince10yearsago,to

creativelyspreadtraditionalartformsamongyoungaudience.

ThespecialseasonhaskepttheformofVoiceofChina,invitingfourexperiencedperformersasteamleaders

tochoosetheirteammembers.Theteamleadershavetositwiththeirbacktothestagewheretheperformerswould

performoneafteranother.Ifsomeone'ssingingwinstheirhearts,theycanpushabuttontoturnaroundthechairsto

seethefaceoftheperformer.

YoungYueOperaperformersareencouragedtoshowthetraditionalartcreatively.Forexample,theywould

useguitarasthemusicalinstrumentintheoperaoraddmodernsingingstyleintotheirperformance.

10.Accordingtotheinfluence,YueOperaisthemajorChineseoperas.

A.1stB.2ndC.3rdD.4th

11.PictureshowstheroleofXiaodan.

12.Fromthepassage,youcanlearnthefollowingaboutYueOperaEXCEPT.

A.ithassixmajorrolesB.itstartedinShanghai

C.itisanintangibleculturalheritageD.itisknownas“Chinesedrama^^abroad

13.The4thparagraphmainlytalksabout.

A.whyVoiceofChinaispopularB.whatperformersdointheshow

C.howthespecialseasonrunsD.whotheteamleadersare

14.Thetopicofthepassageisabout.

A.businesstourismB.sciencefutureC.cultureartD.filmsmusic

(2023•山西大同•模拟预测)

Haveyoueverwonderedwhatanimalsaretalkingabout?WiththedevelopmentofAI,wemaybeableto

understandtheirlanguages!

InProfessorKarenBakker'snewbook,TheSoundsofLife:HowDigitalTechnologyIsBringingUsCloserto

theWorldsofAnimalsandPlants,shetalksabouthowAIishelpingustomakeananimalversion(版本).

Allaroundtheanimalkingdom(HEH),therearesoundsthatwecanhardlypickupanddecipher(破译).For

example,elephantstalkwitheachotherusinginfrasound(次声波)farbelowourhumanhearingrange.Coral(珊

瑚)intheoceanalsosendssoundwavestoattractbabycoraltosaferareastogrow.Thisissurprisingascoral

doesn'thaveanyears!Scientistshaveplacedlisteningequipmentintotheseenvironmentstopickupthesounds

humanscannothear.

Afterthesoundsarerecorded,AIcanstudytheirmeaning.Forexample,IsraeliresearchersusedAItotranslate

bats515,000calls.Theyfoundthatmorethan60percentwereargumentsaboutfourthings:food,sleeppositions

(姿势),invasion(侵犯),andunwantedadvances(求爱).

Thistechnologycannotonlyunderstandtheanimalsbutcommunicatebacktothem.Forexample,beesuse

dancestocommunicate.AresearchteaminGermany,therefore,putthebeelanguageAIsystemintoarobotbee.

Theyaskedtherobottocreateadanceroutine(路线)totellthebeeswherethenectar(花蜜)was,Voxreported.

15.WhatdoesKarenBakker'snewbookmainlytalkabout?_

A.Whyhumansshouldprotectanimals.

B.HowAIhelpshumanstounderstandanimals.

C.Whenhumanscangetclosertoanimals.

16.Howdidelephantstalkwitheachother?

A.Byusinginfrasound.B.Bysendingsoundwaves.C.Bywavingtheirbigears.

17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"equipment“inParagraph3meaninChinese?

A.耳机B.设备C.障碍

18.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromParagraph4?

A.Scientistshavegottoknowhowbatsarguewitheachother.

B.IsraeliresearchersarethefirsttouseAItotranslateanimals?languages.

C.Scientistshavebeenabletotranslatesomeanimals?languageswithAItechnology.

19.Howdidscientiststellbeeswherethenectarwas?

A.Theytrainedotherbeestoleadthemthere.

B.Theyaskedarobotbeetoteachthemanewlanguage.

C.Theymadearobotbeetotellthebeesabouttheroutebydancing.

(2023・吉林白城•校联考模拟预测)

Feelingsweaty(流汗的)fromasummerheatwave?Don'tworry.Notallyoursweathastogotowaste.

ResearchersfromUniversityofCaliforniahavedevelopedanewdevice(装置)thatproducesenergyfromthesweat

onyourfingertips.

Thedeviceiscalledabiofuelcell(生物燃料细胞).Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeasimplepieceoffilm

connectedtoelectrodes(电极).Sohowdoesthedevicework?Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,it

takesinsweat.Theenzymes(酶)ontheelectrodesthenhelptoproduceelectricity.

Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed,sodaily

activitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystoproduceelectricity.

Somepeoplemaythinkitqueertochoosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat,butinfact,theyarethesweatiest

partofthebody.Eachfingerproducesbetween100and1,000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas.

Thedeviceisthemosteffectiveon-bodyenergyproducer.Beforeitisinvented,mostpowerproducing

wearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformexerciseordependonothersources,suchassunlightorlargechanges

intemperature.Butthenewdeviceusesasystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyou

aresleepingorsittingcompletelyquietly.OneoftheresearchersLuYinsaid,“Unlikeothersweat-powered

wearables,thisonerequiresnoexercise,nophysicalinputfromthewearerinordertobeuseful.Thisworkisastep

forwardtomakingwearablesmorepracticalandconvenient.

Ifsalsoquitecomfortabletowearthedevice.Thesizeofthedeviceisabout1cm2.66Youcancomfortably

wearitforalongperiodoftime,“saidYin.

However,atthemoment,thedevicecanonlystoreupalittlebitpower.Anditwouldtakeaboutthreeweeks

ofconstant(不断的)weartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreaseitspowerinthefuture.

根据短文内容,选择正确答案。

20.Thebiofuelcellcan.

A.protectfingertipsB.causeaheatwaveC.makeuseofsweatD.developnewdevices

21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"queer“meaninParagraph3?

A.Strange.B.Unsafe.C.Dirty.D.Traditional.

22.Wearingthebiofuelcell,whocanmakethebiofuelcellwork?

①Edwardhasagoodsleepinhisbed.

②Vettysendsatextmessagetohermom.

③Nickplaysbasketballwithhisclassmates.

④Lilydriedthesweatonherhandswithafan.

A.②③④B.①③④C.①②④D.①②③

23.Whatistheadvantageofthebiofuelcell?

A.Itcaninfluencethetemperaturegreatly.

B.Itcanpowerasmartphoneinaday.

C.Itmakesyoucomfortablewhenyouareinpain.

D.Itworksfornearly24hoursadaywhenyouwearit.

24.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheHistoryoftheBiofuelCellB.ATraditionalTechnology-theBiofuelCell

C.ANewTechnology-theBiofuelCellD.TheInventoroftheBiofuelCell

(2023.福建福州.福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测)

WheneverwehearthenameLeonardodaVinci,mostofusprobablythinkofhisfamouspaintingstheMona

LisaandTheLastSupper.Butdoyouknowthathealsodidwellinmanyotherareasoutsideofart?

LeonardodaVinciwasconsideredtobeoneofthemosttalentedandthecleverestpeopleofalltime.Heleft

behindmanynotebooksfullofcreativeideasandinventions.Theywerealsofullofdifferentsubjectsthathewas

studying.Hespeltwordsbackwards(朝反方向)andrevered(使...反转)eachletter.Sohisnotescouldonlybe

readthroughtheuseofamirror.This“mirrorwriting^^mighthavehelpedprotecthisideasfromgettingstolenby

others.

Inhisnotebooks,thereweredesignsforflyingmachines.Itwasn'tuntilabout400yearslaterthatpeople

learnedhowtousemachinestofly.LeonardodaVincidrewpicturesanddesignsofwarmachines,musical

instrumentsandmanyotherthingsaswell.

Besides,hewasalsointerestedinthehumanbody.Hestudiedthehumanbodyalot.Hedescribeddifferent

partsofthebodyinhisnotebooks.Oneofhismostfamousdrawings,theVitruvianMan,imaginesamanwith

perfectproportions(比例).LeonardodaVincialsostudiedthebodiesofhorses,cows,frogs,monkeysandother

animals.

LeonardodaVincibelievedthatscienceandartwerecloselyconnected.Inhisopinion,thestudyofscience

andnaturehelpedshapehisworkasanartist.Doyouagreewithhim?

25.Whichdesignofthefollowingdidn'tLeonardodaVincidrawaccordingtothepassage?

A.Warmachines.B.Flyingmachines.C.Reversingmirrors.D.Musicalinstruments.

26.Theunderlinedword"They"inParagraph2refersto.

A.LeonardodaVinci'snotebooksB.LeonardodaVinci'spaintings

C.LeonardodaVinci5sideasD.LeonardodaVinci'sdesigns

27.WhichofthefollowingwasLeonardodaVinci'sidea?

A.Scienceandhisartworksweren'tcloselyconnected.

B.Learningsciencehelpedhimmakebetterworksofart.

C.Allartistsshouldlearntomakescientificinventions.

D.Thestudyofnaturecouldn'timprovehisworkasanartist.

28.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?

29.Whafsthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.ToletusknowmoreabouttheMonaLisaandTheLastSupper.

B.ToshowussomeofLeonardodaVinci'sflyingmachines.

C.ToletusknowmoreaboutLeonardodaVinci.

D.ToletushelpfindLeonardodaVinci'sspecialnotebooks.

(2023.安徽・统考模拟预测)

©NowadayschildrenmostlyreceivehongbaoonlinethankstothemobilepaymentappssuchasAlipayand

WeChat,whichmadethecentralbanktocreateanewkindofmoneyforonlinebusiness.Thafshowthedigital

renminbicameintobeing.Thedigitaltradehasincreasedthetypesofpaymenttools.Yettheuseofthedigital

renminbifacessomechallenges.

②First,withpaymentappslikeAlipayandWeChat,acompleteecosystem(生态系统)hasbeensetupfor

activitiessuchasshopping,traveling,givinghongbaoandmakingpayments.Soinashorttime,the“digital

renminbiwallet“canhardlyshakeit.

③Second,paymentsthroughthedigitalrenminbiareputdirectlyintodigitalaccountsandtradescanbe

completedthroughanelectronicmachine,whichmaycauseuserstoworryaboutthesafetyoftheirmoney,

especiallywhenauserlosesthemobilephone.

④Third,thepublicisnotattracted(吸弓I)tothedigitalrenminbibecauseithasnoappreciationvalue.While

peoplehaveinterestinbankdeposit(存款),nointerestisofferedondigitalrenminbideposits.

⑤Infact,thefirstideaofthedigitalrenminbiwastomaketradeseasierforbuyersandsellerswiththehelpof

theInternetandmobileapps.Andasatoolthatcanmeettheneedsofthepublicinmanyfields,itislikelytobe

widelyusedinthefuture.

30.Whatdoesreferto?

A.Thecentralbank.B.Thesafetyofmoney.

C.Thecompletepaymentecosystem.D.Thenewly-madeelectronicmachine.

31.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthefutureofthedigitalrenminbi^

A.Worryinganddoubtful.B.Impossibletogetdeveloped.

C.Challengeablebuthopeful.D.Notmentionedinthepassage.

32.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?

氽、①②③④

C.//\\D.

颔)④B巡

(2023•安徽・统考模拟预测)

MoreyoungChinesepeoplelikeproductswithChinesetraditionalelements(元素).

Everymonth,ZhangLinglingholdsapartywithherfriends.Theywearhanfuandsingsongswithmusicfrom

traditionalinstruments.Inaddition,the23-year-oldgirldevelopedamobilegamethatfeatures(以...为特)a

martialarts(武术)worldfulloftraditionalcultures.

AreportbyChineseshort-videoplatformBilibiliinFebruaryshowsthatover177millionofthe

userslovedvideosfeaturingtraditionalculture.Lookingforthereasonbehindit,JiFangfang,aprofessorwiththe

ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,said:"Theywanttotelltheworldwhotheyareandtoexpresstheir

specialties.^^

WhilesomeprefercarryingontraditionalChineseculture,othersaremixingitwithmodemthings.Pop

culturedesignerYuYangisoneofthem.WhenhemadeproductsfeaturingtheancientGodofFortune,thegod

worefashionableChineseshoesandacap,andhadamicrophoneinhishand."Popcultureisacommonlanguage.I

hopemorepeoplewillacceptandlovemyworkandknowChineseculturethroughmyartpieces,9,hesaidinan

interviewwithChinaDaily.

33.WhataretheactivitiesZhangLinglingdoatthepartywithherfriends?

A.

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