山西省高三上学期期末质量检测卷英语试题

2024~2025学年第一学期高三期末质量检测卷英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Aputerrepairspecialist.B.Anonlineengineer.C.Asalesmanager.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Tea.B.Somesweets.C.Acup.3.Whatsubjectisthemangoodat?A.Maths.B.English.C.Science.4.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.HewatchedTV.B.Hevisitedthezoo.C.Headoptedapet.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Motherandson.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemansaysorrytothewoman?A.Heislateforthemeeting.B.Hecan'tgivethewomanalift.C.Hedidn'tbookthehotelinadvance.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inanoffice.C.Attheairport.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanoftenvisitforestparks?A.Towalkhisdog.B.Togetwritinginspiration.C.Tomeethisfriend.9.Whichseasonisitnow?A.Summer.B.Autumn.C.Winter.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoesthemanplantogofirst?A.Thetrainstation.B.Thepostoffice.C.Thesupermarket.11.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Dosomecooking.B.Arrangetheroom.C.Cleanthegarage.12.Whowillpickuptheman'smother?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thewoman'scousins.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatcanweknowaboutBetty?A.Sheoftenfellill.B.Shefeltstressed.C.Shewasverybusy.14.WhydoesBettyrunherownbusiness?A.Tohaveaflexibleschedule.B.Totravelmore.C.Toearnmoremoney.15.WhatexercisedoesBettyenjoy?A.Teamsports.B.Yoga.C.Running.16.WhatdoesBettysuggestaboutsavingtime?A.Checkingemailsonthewaytowork.B.Havingalotofsimilarclothes.C.Makingtodolists.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmanyhomesdidMrBeastbuildforfamiliesinneed?A.10.B.50.C.100.18.WhatisMrBeastfamousfor?A.Charityefforts.B.Sellingvideos.C.Challengingothers.19.WhatdidMrBeastgivetothechildreninonevillage?A.Food.B.Newbicycles.C.Storybooks.20.WhydidMrBeastextendthankstohisviewers?A.Theyhelpedhimsellthebikes.B.Theydonatedmoneyfortheproject.C.Theymadetheprojectpossiblebywatchingvideos.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttogetawayfromthesummercrowdsinEuropeancountries,choosethefollowingplacesasyourdestinations.CostadelaLuz,SpainThe75milesofAtlanticfacingsoutherncoastlinebetweenTarifaandtheGuadianaRiver,neartheborderwithPortugal,hastemperaturesthatarealittlecoolerandhasn’tbeenfullydeveloped.HighlightsincludethebeautifulfishingvillageofElRompido,thegreatfoodsceneinthetownofCadizandthewildbeachesaroundHuelva(betweenMazagónandMatalascañas).St.Moritz,SwitzerlandLessthantwohoursbycarfromItaly’swildlypopularLakeo,theSwissmountaintownofSt.Moritzmakesforaquietersummertimelakesideescape.MostofthefamouspeopleareinSt.Moritzduringthewintertime,butinsummer,youcanreplaceskiingalongthesurroundingSwissAlpswithboating,swimmingandwindsurfingonthetown’slake.Otherenjoyableactivitiesintheareaincludewhitewaterrafting,hikingandmountainbiking.TheCamargue,FranceTheCamargueisawildregionofvastandemptybeacheswherewhitehorseswander.Youarealoneonthebeachifyouwish,eveninthepeaksummermonths.Duringthesummer,asustainablebeachclub,L’OyatPlage,evenshowsuponthesand,drawingthekitesurfingset.AcmodationrangesfromaruralstayonatraditionalcoworhorsefarmtothefivestarhotelversionofthefarmstayatLeMasdePeint.Alentejo,PortugalPeoplearecallingAlentejo“Europe’sbestkeptsecret”.Alentejo’suninterruptedbeachextendsfornearly28milesandtheremotesettlementsofportaandMelidesaretheperfectplacestostayandrestfromeverydaylife.Inadditiontoitswonderfulbeach,theregionisknownforbeingPortugal’slargestwineproduceraswellasforhavingthemostmarkedhikingpathsinthecountry.1.Whereshouldvisitorsgotoexperiencefishermen’slifeinCostadelaLuz?A.Cadiz. B.Huelva. C.ElRompido. D.Mazagón.2.WhatarevisitorsremendedtodoinSt.Moritzinsummer?A.Rideahorseonthebeach. B.Hikewithsportscelebrities.C.Skifreelyalongmountains. D.Enjoyvarioussportsonalake.3.Whatdothelasttwoplaceshaveinmon?A.Theyhavewonderfulbeaches. B.Theyhostinternationalkiteevents.C.TheyarePortugal’swineproducers. D.Theyfeaturedangeroushikingpaths.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了欧洲夏季避暑的四个推荐目的地。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章CostadelaLuz,Spain部分中“HighlightsincludethebeautifulfishingvillageofElRompido,thegreatfoodsceneinthetownofCadizandthewildbeachesaroundHuelva(betweenMazagónandMatalascañas).(亮点包括风景如画的ElRompido渔村、Cadiz镇的美食盛况以及Huelva周边（Mazagón和Matalascañas之间）的野生海滩。)”可知，在CostadelaLuz，游客应该去ElRompido体验渔民的生活。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章St.Moritz,Switzerland部分中“MostofthefamouspeopleareinSt.Moritzduringthewintertime,butinsummer,youcanreplaceskiingalongthesurroundingSwissAlpswithboating,swimmingandwindsurfingonthetown’slake.(虽然大多数名人在冬季前往St.Moritz，但在夏季，你可以在环绕St.Moritz的SwissAlps滑雪，也可以在镇上的湖上划船、游泳和玩帆板。)”可知，在夏天，游客可以在St.Moritz的湖上享受各种运动。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章TheCamargue,France部分中“TheCamargueisawildregionofvastandemptybeacheswherewhitehorseswander.(TheCamargue是一片广阔而空旷的野生海滩区域，白色野马在此游荡。)”和Alentejo,Portugal部分中“Alentejo’suninterruptedbeachextendsfornearly28milesandtheremotesettlementsofportaandMelidesaretheperfectplacestostayandrestfromeverydaylife.(Alentejo绵延近28英里的未受干扰的海滩，以及偏远的porta和Melides聚居地，是远离日常生活、放松身心的理想之地。)”可知，这两个地方的共同点是它们都有美丽的海滩。故选A。BAfewyearsago,RachelHarder,afourthgradeteacher,attendedatrauma(精神创伤)conference.Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschoolssotheycouldletteachersknowwhenoneoftheirstudentshadapoliceencounter,somethingthatcouldcausethestudenttoneedextracareorattention.“Ilovedthisideaandfiguredtherehadtobeawaytomakethisworkwithinmyownclassroommunity,”Rachelsaid.Ayearaftertheconference,Rachelhadastudentwithautism(自闭症)whofrequentlyhadtoughdays.Tosupporther,Racheltoldthestudent’smothertosimplytexther“handlewithcare”toletherknowwhenitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.“Iknewthatwhenshetextedme,itmeantthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietlocation,notthegymformorningannouncements,sothattherestofherdaywentsmoothly,”Rachelsaid.ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallofherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.Itexplainedwhatthe“HandlewithCare”systemwasandhowtheycouldtakeadvantageofit.Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.ButRachel’skindnessdidn’tendwithherclass.Newsabouttheamazingsystemspread,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclassrooms.PrintoutscanbefoundontheSmartSchoolHousewebsite,andthefeedback(反馈)hasbeenextremelypositive!“Theparentsjustletmeknowitwasahardmorningfortheirchildren,”Rachelsaid.“Idon’tneedtoknowdetailsbutparentslikethatknowI’mkeepinganextraeyeonthem.”Racheladded,“Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdaybythewaythey’reacting,thesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethatinturnmakethewholedaybetterforeveryone.”4.Whydoestheauthorwriteparagraph1?A.Toshowmanystudentsarementallyunhealthy.B.TointroducetheinspirationforRachel’ssystem.C.Toanalyzethecausesofstudents’healthproblems.D.Toemphasizeparentsshouldunderstandtheirkids.5.HowmightRacheltreatthegirlstudentwithtoughdays?A.Bymunicatingwithherforalongtime. B.Bytakinghertothegymforannouncements.C.Bydrivingherbackhomeassoonaspossible. D.Bygivinghersometimealoneinaquietplace.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutRachel’s“HandlewithCare”system?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itendswithherclass.C.Itstillconfusesparents. D.Itneedsfurthertesting.7.WhatdoRachel’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Studentsareresponsiblefortheirownhealth.BIt’seasytotellifastudentishavingatoughday.C.Educatorsneedn’talwaysforttheirstudents.D.Thereminderofstudents’emotionalproblemsmatters.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四年级教师RachelHarder受警察与学校合作模式的启发，在班级推行“小心呵护”系统并取得成功，该系统还在全国传播。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Afewyearsago,RachelHarder,afourthgradeteacher,attendedatrauma(精神创伤)conference.

Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschoolssotheycouldletteachersknowwhenoneoftheirstudentshadapoliceencounter,somethingthatcouldcausethestudenttoneedextracareorattention.(几年前，四年级教师RachelHarder参加了一个创伤学会议。她了解到一些警察局与学校合作，这样当学生与警察有接触时，他们可以让老师知道，这种情况可能会导致学生需要额外的照顾或关注)”和第二段中RachelHarder的话“Ilovedthisideaandfiguredtherehadtobeawaytomakethisworkwithinmyownclassroommunity(我喜欢这个想法，我想一定有一种方法可以在我自己的课堂社区中实现这一目标)”可推知，第一段是为了介绍Rachel的“小心呵护”系统的灵感来源，即源于她在参加的创伤学会议中了解到的警校合作。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Iknewthatwhenshetextedme,itmeantthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietlocation,notthegymformorningannouncements,sothattherestofherdaywentsmoothly(我知道当她给我发短信时，这意味着她的女儿需要一些额外的时间和一个安静的地方，而不是去体育馆参加早间通告，这样她一天剩下的时间才能顺利度过)”可知，Rachel会让这个女孩在安静的地方独处一段时间。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.(很快，家长们就开始对瑞秋令人难以置信的善举表示感激)”和第六段中“Newsabouttheamazingsystemspread,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclassrooms.PrintoutscanbefoundontheSmartSchoolHousewebsite,andthefeedback(反馈)hasbeenextremelypositive!(关于这个惊人系统的消息传开了，全国各地的教师开始在自己的课堂上尝试使用它。在智能学校之家网站上可以找到相关打印资料，反馈非常积极!)”可知，Rachel的“小心呵护”系统很受欢迎。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Rachel的话“Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdaybythewaythey’reacting,thesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethatinturnmakethewholedaybetterforeveryone.(尽管老师们有时可以通过学生的行为判断出他们什么时候过得不好，但这些简单的短信让教育工作者能够提前做出一些小调整，从而让每个人的一整天都过得更好)”可知，最后一段中Rachel的话表明对学生情绪问题的提醒很重要。故选D项。CTheindustrialsolvent(溶剂)trichloroethylene(TCE)wasonceaningredientintheprocessofremovingcaffeinefromcoffee.However,itwasbannedbythefoodindustryinthe1970s.Despitethat,itisstillanecessaryelementinsomehouseholdproducts,suchascleaningwipes,toolcleaners,paintremovers,carpetcleanersandspotremovers.IntheUnitedKingdom,drycleanersstoppedusingitinthemid1950s,butaccordingtoPublicHealthEngland,itstillplaysanecessarypartinmetalcleaning.Aglobalstudyin2021foundTCEincreasedtheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdisease,aprogressivedisorderthataffectsthenervoussystemandthepartsofthebodycontrolledbythenerves.ItissaidthattheharmfulchemicalwasfuelingrisingnumbersofcasesofParkinson’sdiseaseacrosstheworld.AboutonemillionpeopleintheUScurrentlysufferfromthecondition.Doctorsdiagnose(诊断)60,000Americanseachyear.BrianGrant,whoplayedfor12yearsintheNBA,wasdiagnosedattheageof36.ThestudyauthorssayhewasexposedtoTCEwhenhewasjustthreeyearsold.Helivedwithhisfather,aUSMarineatCampLejeunewhereTCEhasbeenfoundpollutingthemilitarybase.AmyLindbergwassimilarlyexposedtherewhileservingasaUSNavycaptain.ShewasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease40yearslater.Thestudyalsodetailsotherswhoseconditionwastheresultoflivingclosetoapollutedsiteorworkingwiththechemicaldirectly.TheUSaloneishometothousandsofpollutedsites.Researcherssaythecountryneedstospeedupcleaningandcontrollingefforts.TheyarguethatTCEshouldbefurtherlimitedinuseandbereplacedbyotherchemicalsassoonaspossible.Besides,TCElevelsingroundwater,drinkingwater,soil,andoutdoorandindoorairrequireclosermonitoring,andtheinformationneedstobesharedwiththosewholiveandworknearpollutedsites.8.WhatmakesTCEanecessaryelementinhouseholdproducts?A.Itsenvironmentfriendlyproperty. B.Itseasyavailabilityindailylife.C.Itsoutstandingcleaningability. D.Itspowerofensuringproductsafety.9.Whatdidtheglobalstudyin2021show?A.TheyoungtendedtodevelopParkinson’sdisease. B.TCEandParkinson’sdiseasewerecloselyrelated.C.Parkinson’sdiseasewascausedbyplexfactors. D.Parkinson’sdiseaseprovedmoredeadlythanbefore.10.WhatcanbeknownaboutBrianGrantandAmyLindbergmentionedinparagraph4?A.TheyfellsickshortlyafterjoiningtheUSNavy. B.TheyworkedwiththechemicalofTCEdirectly.C.TheysufferedbecauseoftheirexposuretoTCE. D.TheywerediagnosedwithParkinson’sdiseaseearly.11.Whichofthefollowingshowstheresearchers’opinion?A.TCElevelsintheairareimpossibletomonitor. B.MeasuresofhandlingTCEshouldbestricter.C.Theuseofchemicalsrequiresmorefreedom. D.EffortstoreplaceTCEhaveprovenverysimple.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，一种常用于清洁产品的化学物质TCE会增加人们患帕金森病的风险。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Despitethat,itisstillanecessaryelementinsomehouseholdproducts,suchascleaningwipes,toolcleaners,paintremovers,carpetcleanersandspotremovers.IntheUnitedKingdom,drycleanersstoppedusingitinthemid1950s,butaccordingtoPublicHealthEngland,itstillplaysanecessarypartinmetalcleaning.(尽管如此，它仍然是一些家用产品中的必要元素，如清洁湿巾、工具清洁剂、除漆剂、地毯清洁剂和除斑剂。在英国，干洗店在20世纪50年代中期停止使用它，但据英国公共卫生部称，它在金属清洁中仍然起着必要的作用。)”可知，TCE有不错的清洁能力，因此它成为家用产品中必不可少的元素。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aglobalstudyin2021foundTCEincreasedtheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdisease,aprogressivedisorderthataffectsthenervoussystemandthepartsofthebodycontrolledbythenerves.ItissaidthattheharmfulchemicalwasfuelingrisingnumbersofcasesofParkinson’sdiseaseacrosstheworld.(2021年的一项全球研究发现，TCE增加了患帕金森病的风险，帕金森病是一种影响神经系统和神经控制的身体部位的进行性疾病。据说，这种有害化学物质正在助长世界各地帕金森病病例的增加。)”可知，2021年的一项全球性研究发现，TCE会增加人们患帕金森病的风险，换言之，TCE和帕金森病密切相关。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“BrianGrant,whoplayedfor12yearsintheNBA,wasdiagnosedattheageof36.ThestudyauthorssayhewasexposedtoTCEwhenhewasjustthreeyearsold.Helivedwithhisfather,aUSMarineatCampLejeunewhereTCEhasbeenfoundpollutingthemilitarybase.AmyLindbergwassimilarlyexposedtherewhileservingasaUSNavycaptain.ShewasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease40yearslater.(布莱恩·格兰特在NBA打了12年球，36岁时被诊断出患有此病。该研究的作者说，他三岁时就接触过TCE。他与父亲住在勒琼营地，父亲是一名美国海军陆战队员，在那里发现TCE污染了军事基地。艾米·林德伯格在担任美国海军上尉期间也同样暴露在那里。40年后，她被诊断出患有帕金森病。)”可知，第四段提到的这两个人都因为曾经接触TCE而被诊断患有帕金森病。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researcherssaythecountryneedstospeedupcleaningandcontrollingefforts.TheyarguethatTCEshouldbefurtherlimitedinuseandbereplacedbyotherchemicalsassoonaspossible.Besides,TCElevelsingroundwater,drinkingwater,soil,andoutdoorandindoorairrequireclosermonitoring,andtheinformationneedstobesharedwiththosewholiveandworknearpollutedsites.(研究人员表示，该国需要加快清洁和控制工作。他们认为，应进一步限制TCE的使用，并尽快用其他化学品取代。此外，地下水、饮用水、土壤以及室外和室内空气中的TCE水平需要更密切的监测，这些信息需要与在污染场地附近生活和工作的人共享。)”可知，研究人员们建议采取多种措施摆脱使用TCE和检测生活中的TCE含量。由此可推断，研究人员们会赞同“处理TCE的措施应该更严格。”这一观点。故选B。D“We’velosttheideaofnursesasauthorityfigures,”authorSarahDiGregoriowritesinhernewbookTakingCare:TheStoryofNursingandItsPowertoChangetheWorld.Asnursestodayfightforbetterpayandmorerespectfortheirwork,DiGregoriopointsoutinthebookthatcenturiesago,theywereregardedasanessentialpartofthehealthcaresysteminmanycivilizationstheyreceivedrespectfortheirknowledgeandskillsintreatingthesick,datingbacktoancienttimesinIndiaandtheIslamicworld.Bothdoctorsandnurseshadtohaveknowledgeaboutmedications,butitwasthenurseswhocaredforpatientsdirectly,accordingtoCharakaSamhita,akeyIndianmedicaltextfrom2,000yearsago.Theyhadtohavehandsonskillswithpatientsaswellasgoodcharacter,kindnessandinterpersonalskills.Inthe600s.publichealthcarebecameveryimportantintheearlyIslamicworld.Thehospitalshadprofessionalnurses,bothmenandwomen.TheopeningofnewmedicalschoolsinEuropeduringtheMiddleAgesledinanagethatslowlypushedwomennursesoutofmedicineandhealthcare.Thenewmedicalschools,whichonlyallowedmen,startedturningoutanewprofessionalclassofphysicianswhowereallmenwithsocialstatus,DiGregorioobserves.Onlythosewithalicensefromoneofthesemedicalschoolscouldpracticemedicine.Shecitesscenesfromcourtcaseswherepopularwomennursesweretriedandpunished.FlorenceNightingaleisoftencreditedasaforceinrecoveringtheimportanceofnurses,buthervisionoftheprofessionhadnegativeimpactsthathaveremainedtothisday,arguesDiGregorio.“Nightingaleviewednursingasanallfemaleprofessionthatwassubordinatetophysicians,whichsetupthisideathatnurseswereassistantstophysicians,”writesDiGregorio.“Nightingaletookherordersfromthephysiciansandneverchallengedtheirauthority.Ifaphysicianhadnotorderedwaterforadyingman,shewouldnotgivethemanwater,”writesDiGregorio,whodrawsherfindingsfromnursinghistorianswhohavestudiedNightingale.12.WhatdidnursesdoaccordingtoanoldIndianmedicaltext?A.Theyprovideddirectpatientcare. B.Theystrictlyfolloweddoctors'orders.C.Theyrefusedtolearnaboutmedications. D.Theyguideddoctorstopracticemedicine.13.Whatphenomenonismainlydescribedinparagraph4?A.Mennurseswereslowlydisappearing. B.Thenursingprofessionwaspetitive.C.Womennurseswerelosingtheirpower. D.NursingschoolsinEuropedecreased.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“subordinateto”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Takinginterestin. B.Lessimportantthan.C.Payingnoattentionto. D.Closelyconnectedwith.15.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Anintroductiontoanewbook. B.Areportonanauthor'sexperience.C.Anessayontheimportanceofnursing. D.Ahistorybookofafamousnurse'sstories.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要简介了SarahDiGregorio的新书，其内容是护士这一职业的历史演变过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Bothdoctorsandnurseshadtohaveknowledgeaboutmedications,butitwasthenurseswhocaredforpatientsdirectly,accordingtoCharakaSamhita,akeyIndianmedicaltextfrom2,000yearsago.(医生和护士都必须了解药物，但根据2000年前印度重要的医学文献《查拉卡萨姆希塔》的说法，直接照顾病人的是护士。)”可知，根据一篇古老的印度医学文献记载，当时的护士直接护理病人。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thehospitalshadprofessionalnurses,bothmenandwomen.(医院里有专业的护士，男女都有。)”及第四段，尤其是“Shecitesscenesfromcourtcaseswherepopularwomennursesweretriedandpunished.(她引用了一些法庭案件的场景，在这些案件中，受欢迎的女护士受到审判和惩罚。)”可推断，第四段主要描述了女护士渐渐失去她们的权力的现象。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后非限定性定语从句“whichsetupthisideathatnurseswereassistantstophysicians(建立了护士是医生助手的观念)”可推断，南丁格尔认为护理是一种全女性的职业，从属于医生。画线词subordinate为“次要的；从属的”之意。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段““We’velosttheideaofnursesasauthorityfigures,”authorSarahDiGregoriowritesinhernewbookTakingCare:TheStoryofNursingandItsPowertoChangetheWorld.(我们已经失去了护士作为权威人物的观念，”作家SarahDiGregorio在她的新书《护理：护理的故事及其改变世界的力量》中写道。)”及通读全文，尤其是文中出现的关键词writes可推断，本文选自对一本新书的介绍。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Creativityisadvocatedeverywherethesedays.Butmostofusdon’tknowhowtosetitoff.Herearesomewaystostarttheprocess.Workinablueroom.Aswegrowup,colorstakeonspecificassociations.Redmeansdanger,andbluerelatestopeace.____16____.Inoneexperiment,peoplefacingaredputerscreendidbetteratdetailorientedtaskslikeproofreading.Volunteerswhofacedabluescreendidbetteratcreativetasks.Thatstudyappearedin2009inthejournalScience.Whythedifference?____17____.Blue,ontheotherhand,tellsuswecanrelaxandlettheimaginationrunfree.Sleeponit.Sleephelpsgeneratenewideasinseveralways.Duringsleep,thebrainstrengthensmemories.Thatactofstrengtheningactuallyreorganizesthoughts,muchlikereorganizingbooksonashelf.____18____.Andthathalfawakeperiodrightbeforewefallasleeporwhenwewakeupmayalsohelpusfocusonaproblem.____19____.Thesleeponitsolutiononlyworksbestwhenpeoplefeelthattheyaregettingclosetoananswerthatismostlikelytobesolvedbywaitingaday.Liveinaforeignland.Peoplewhohadlivedabroadperformedbetteroncreativeproblemsandtasks.AweekinParisisn’tenoughtolightthecreativespark,delightfulthoughthattripmaybe.____20____.AWatchafunnyvideoB.SuchassociationsaffecthowwethinkC.However,don’texpectthistoworkeverytimeD.Redmakesusanxious,andanxietycausesustofocusE.ThenewarrangementcanhelpgeneratenewassociationsF.Ifwecanletourmindwander,wearemorelikelytosolvetheproblemG.Ithastobelongenoughtochallengeourhabitualwaysofthinkingandliving【答案】16.B17.D18.E19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个激发创造力的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Workinablueroom.Aswegrowup,colorstakeonspecificassociations.Redmeansdanger,andbluerelatestopeace.(在蓝色的房间里工作。随着我们的成长，颜色会产生特定的联想。红色代表危险，蓝色代表和平)”可知，上文解释了颜色和思维的关联性，推测本句总结这种联系对我们的影响。故B选项“这种关联影响我们的思维方式”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据后文“Blue,ontheotherhand,tellsuswecanrelaxandlettheimaginationrunfree.(另一方面，蓝色告诉我们可以放松，让想象力自由驰骋)”可知，后文提到了蓝色带给人的影响，推测本句是在说明蓝色的对立面。故D选项“红色使我们焦虑，而焦虑使我们集中注意力”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Sleeponit.Sleephelpsgeneratenewideasinseveralways.Duringsleep,thebrainstrengthensmemories.Thatactofstrengtheningactuallyreorganizesthoughts,muchlikereorganizingbooksonashelf.(好好睡一觉。睡眠可以从几个方面帮助产生新想法。在睡眠中，大脑加强记忆。这种强化的行为实际上重组了思想，就像重组书架上的书一样)”可知，上文提到了重组，“reorganizes”及“reorganizing”对应E选项中newarrangement。故E选项“新的安排有助于产生新的联系”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Thesleeponitsolutiononlyworksbestwhenpeoplefeelthattheyaregettingclosetoananswerthatismostlikelytobesolvedbywaitingaday.(只有当人们觉得他们正在接近一个最有可能通过等待一天来解决的答案时，这种睡眠解决方案才最有效)”可知，可知，空后谈到只有当我们对难题作了大量思考后，睡觉才有用：否则这一招就不会灵验，故C选项“但是，不要期望每次都有效”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Liveinaforeignland.Peoplewhohadlivedabroadperformedbetteroncreativeproblemsandtasks.AweekinParisisn’tenoughtolightthecreativespark,delightfulthoughthattripmaybe.(在异国他乡生活。在国外生活过的人在创造性问题和任务上表现得更好。在巴黎的一个星期并不足以点燃创意的火花，尽管那次旅行可能会很愉快)”可知，上文提到了在巴黎的一个星期并不足以点燃创意的火花，说明时间要足够长才能在创造性问题和任务上表现得更好。故G选项“它必须足够长的时间来挑战我们习惯性的思维和生活方式”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyear,whensomefriendsofmineleftChina,Iwasaskedtoteachthestudentstheyleftbehind.Itwasa____21____experienceformesinceIhadneverbeenaprivateteacherbefore.Atfirst,IwasnotsurewhetherIwouldlikeitornotandIwas____22____toaccept.However,itturnedouttobeoneofthe____23____decisionsIhaveevermadesinceIarrivedinChina.Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoattendsomeextremelyremarkable____24____andmeetmanyveryinterestingpeople.Hereisoneofthemost____25____momentsIhavehadwiththem.LessthanayearafterItookontheparttimejobs,Ibecameso____26____toonefamilythatIwasinvitedtoattendabirthdaycelebrationforthefamily’sgrandmother.LittledidIrealizeitwouldevenincludea____27____performancebyatrainedPekingoperaprofessionalinthelivingroom.Onthe____28____night,Iarrivedtoteachmyclassasscheduled.Butonmyarrival,IwastoldthatIshouldsitdownand____29____.Icouldsensethattheywereexcitedfortheir______30______.AssoonasI______31______besidethegrandmother,aChineseflute(长笛)playercameintothelivingroomandstartedplayingabeautifultune.ThenaPekingoperaactressentered.Shewasdressedinfullcostumeand______32______amazingmakeup.Sheperformedforaboutthirtyminutesandthenstoppedtogivethegrandmotherandmeafew______33______ontheoperastances(站姿).Bothofuscloselyfollowedherinstructions.Theperformancewasatotalsurprisetothegrandmotherandme.Alltheeveningwewerevery______34______.WhenIleftthefamilylateintheevening,Icouldnothelpaskingmyself,“WereIina______35______?Otherwise,howcouldPekingOperabeperformedinalivingroom?”21.A.sad B.practical C.great D.new22.A.grateful B.unwilling C.unconcerned D.delighted23.A.best B.hardest C.quickest D.silliest24.A.classes B.events C.contests D.weddings25.A.unpleasant B.challenging C.boring D.unforgettable26.A.similar B.useful C.close D.deaf27.A.petitive B.live C.bad D.funny28.A.rainy B.unlucky C.particular D.long29.A.study B.sing C.hide D.relax30.A.secret B.food C.decoration D.homework31.A.stoodup B.settleddown C.gavein D.walkedaway32.A.wore B.tried C.showed D.created33.A.tips B.judgments C.tests D.congratulations34.A.scared B.confused C.excited D.relieved35.A.hurry B.mess C.shock D.dream【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者意外参加的一场京剧表演的经历。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一次新经历，因为我以前从未当过家教。A.sad悲伤的；B.practical实用的；C.great伟大的；D.new新的。根据后文“sinceIhadneverbeenaprivateteacherbefore”可知，作者以前从未当过家教，因此这次经历对他来说是新的。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我不确定自己是否喜欢，而且我是不愿意接受的。A.grateful感激的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.unconcerned不关心的；D.delighted高兴的。根据前文“Atfirst,IwasnotsurewhetherIwouldlikeitornot”可知，作者起初不确定自己是否喜欢这份工作，所以是不情愿接受的。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实证明，这是我来到中国后做出的最好的决定之一。A.best最好的；B.hardest最艰难的；C.quickest最快的；D.silliest最愚蠢的。根据后文“Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoattendsomeextremelyremarkable4andmeetmanyveryinterestingpeople”可知，这份工作给了作者独特的机会，所以这是作者做出的最好的决定之一。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我独特的机会去参加一些非常了不起的事，遇到很多非常有趣的人。A.classes班级；B.events事件；C.contests比赛；D.weddings婚礼。根据前文“Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoatt