河北省邢台市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

邢台市2024—2025学年高三（上）期末测试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdothespeakersneedtobuy?A.Afewchairs.B.Adinnertable.C.Afridge.2.Whatistheman?A.AChineseteacherinaschool.B.AChineseteacherinauniversity.C.AnEnglishteacherinauniversity.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Adriver.B.Adoctor.C.Asalesperson.5.Whatwasthemandoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.Hewasridinghisbike.B.Hewasdrivingthecar.C.Hewassittingonthebus.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6Whatdoesthewomanadvisetheboytodo?A.Havearestathome.B.Gotothenearestclinic.C.Callthedoctorrightaway.7.Whydoestheboyrefusetoseethedoctortoday?A.Hedislikesseeingdoctors.B.Hewantstotakethetest.C.Hedidn’tmaketheappointment.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What’stheman’smajor?A.French.B.Chinese.C.English.9.Whichisarequirementforthisjob?A.Studyingabroad.B.Workingwithchildren.C.Workinginatrainingcenter.10.Whenwillthemanbeoffwork?A.OnMondays.B.OnSaturdays.C.OnSundays.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthebandcareabout?A.Theschool.B.Thesociety.C.Theenvironment.12.Whoplaysthekeyboardintheband?A.Lucy.B.Ivan.C.Alice.13.What’sthewoman’sattitudetojoiningtheband?A.Positive.B.Uncertain.C.Indifferent.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhatkindofpersonisSusan?A.Outgoing.B.Unfriendly.C.Shy.15.HowisAnnagettingalongwithSusan?A.Verywell.B.Ratherbadly.C.Justokay.16.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.PlaywithAnna.B.MakeSusanfeelproud.C.TrytogetonwithSusan.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongwilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Abouthalfamonth.B.Aboutonemonth.C.Abouttwomonths.18.Whatwillbeondisplayintheexhibition?A.Footballs.B.Clothes.C.Oilpaintings.19.WhatisLowry?A.Anartist.B.Astudent.C.Aticketseller.20.Whatisamustforastudenttobuytheticket?A.Atelephone.B.Astudentcard.C.Somerecentworks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIntheUS,HickoryisagoodplacetovisitinNorthCarolina.Herearesomemustdoactivitiesforvisitors.KidsfestKidsfestinOctoberalwayshasloadsoffunthewholefamilycanenjoy.AndwhatmakesitoneofakindisthatitrepresentstheyoungergenerationofHickorywhileinvitingtheoldergenerationstheretoguidethekidsintheirfunfilledway.Thisyear,KidsfestwillhaveaDJbackonthestageforseveraldays.eseeapettingzooandenjoyfreetoys,balloonanimals,facepaintingandmore.HeritageFestivalWithhundredsofartisansanddemonstratorsinperiodappropriateclothing,HartSquareVillageesaliveinOctoberofits39thHeritageFestivalthisyear.Experiencehistorythroughcottonbalingandapplebuttermaking,allsettothetunes(曲调)ofoldtimemusic.Visitthefeaturedsite—oneoftheUSA’slargestcollectionofhistoriclogstructures,andenjoyyourselfinthisunforgettableevent.Murray’sMillHarvestFolkFestivalHeadtoMurray’sMilltocatchthisyear’s40thannualfestivalinSeptember.ThiseventcelebratesCatawbaCounty’sculturalheritagewithavarietyofexhibits,craftsmen(手艺人),vendors(摊贩),activities,andmore!Checkoutthelinesofoldandvaluablecarsandtractors,traditionalfoodpreparations,andawesomelocalbands!Youwon’twanttomissthisfunfamilyevent.FallFestivalatHeritageValleyFarmSupportourlocalfarmersandjointhefunatHeritageValleyFarminSeptember!Enjoyacelebrationfullofanimals,foodanddrinkvendors,games,andmore!Stopbythepumpkinpatchtopickuptheperfectpumpkinforcarvingorpainting!Don’tmissthelivemusicorphotobusopportunitiestomakefunmemories.1.WhatisspecialaboutKidsfest?A.Havinglivemusic. B.Beingfriendlytofamilypets.C.Integratingdifferentagegroups. D.Showingcolorfullypaintedfaces.2.Whatdothefouractivitieshaveinmon?A.Theypresentculturalheritageinthesameway.B.Theybenefitthelocalfarmersandvendorsbest.C.Theyusuallydogoodforartistsandcraftsmen.D.Theyareavailabletovisitorsintheseasonoffall.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Atechnologyblog. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Afinancialnewswebsite. D.Asportseventreportwebsite.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了美国北卡罗来纳州Hickory的四个旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Kidsfest部分中“AndwhatmakesitoneofakindisthatitrepresentstheyoungergenerationofHickorywhileinvitingtheoldergenerationstheretoguidethekidsintheirfunfilledway.(使其独特的是，它代表了Hickory的年轻一代，同时邀请老一辈们以充满乐趣的方式引导孩子们)”可知，Kidsfest的特别之处在于它将不同年龄层的人融合在一起。故选C。2题详解】细节理解题。根据Kidsfest部分中“KidsfestinOctoberalwayshasloadsoffunthewholefamilycanenjoy.(Kidsfest在十月份总是有很多全家人都能享受的乐趣)”，HeritageFestival部分中“Withhundredsofartisansanddemonstratorsinperiodappropriateclothing,HartSquareVillageesaliveinOctoberofits39thHeritageFestivalthisyear.(在今年第39届遗产节上，随着数百名工匠和演示者穿着符合时代的服装，HartSquareVillage在十月焕发出生机)”，Murray’sMillHarvestFolkFestival部分中“HeadtoMurray’sMilltocatchthisyear’s40thannualfestivalinSeptember.(前往Murray’sMill参加今年九月举办的第40届年度节日)”及FallFestivalatHeritageValleyFarm部分中“SupportourlocalfarmersandjointhefunatHeritageValleyFarminSeptember!(支持我们的当地农民，并在九月份加入HeritageValleyFarm的趣味活动吧)”可知，这四个活动都在秋季向游客开放。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IntheUS,HickoryisagoodplacetovisitinNorthCarolina.Herearesomemustdoactivitiesforvisitors.(在美国，Hickory是北卡罗来纳州一个值得游览的好地方。以下是一些游客必须参加的活动)”可知，文章主要介绍了游客在美国北卡罗来纳州Hickory这个旅游胜地的一些必做活动，故文章可能来自一个旅游网站。故选B。BAhighschoolmathteacheratSt.Mary’sAcademyinNewOrleans,MichelleBlouinWilliams,setaschoolwidemathcontestwithachallengingbonusquestion.ThatbonusquestionaskedstudentstocreateanewproofforthePythagoreantheorem(勾股定理),afundamentalprincipleofgeometry,usingtrigonometry(三角学),whichhadbeenbelievedtobeimpossiblefornearly2,000years.InDecember2022,CalceaJohnsonandNe’KiyaJackson,seniorsatSt.Mary’sAcademy,steppeduptothechallenge.The$500prizemoneywasamotivatingfactor.Aftermonthsofwork,theysubmittedtheirproofstotheirteachers.Withthecontestbehindthem,theirteachersencouragedthestudentstopresentatamathematicsconference,andthentoseektopublishtheirwork.Amazingly,despitetheirimpressiveachievements,theyinsistedtheywerenotmathgeniuses.WhentheysetouttocreateanewPythagoreantheoremproof,theydidn’tknowthatforthousandsofyears,oneusingtrigonometrywasthoughttobeimpossible.CalceaandNe’Kiyahadstudiedgeometryandsometrigonometrywhentheystartedworkingontheirproofs,buttheysaidtheydidn’tfeelmathwaseasy.Asthecontestwenton,theyspentalmostalltheirfreetimedevelopingtheirideas.“Thegarbagecanwasfullofpaper.Ifthatdidn’twork,shewouldthrowitinthetrash,”CalJohnson,Calcea’s.dad,said.NeliskaJackson,Ne’Kiya’smother,saidthatmostofthetime,herdaughter’sworkwasbeyondherwork.Todocumenttheirwork,mathteachersatSt.Mary’sAcademysubmittedtheirproofstoanAmericanMathematicalSocietyconferenceinAtlanta.“Ourteacherapproachedusandaskedustoactuallypresentthis,”Ne’Kiyasaid.“Iwaslike,‘Areyoujoking?’Butshewasn’t.Sowewent,gotupthereandpresentedanditwentwell,anditblewup.LastyearwhenNe’KiyaandCalceagraduated,theyentereduniversities.Nowintheuniversities,they’vebeenworkingonfurtherproofsofthePythagoreantheoremandbelievetheyhavefoundfivemoreproofs.However,neitheroneispursuingacareerinmath.“PeoplemightexpecttoomuchoutofmeifIbeeamathematician,”Ne’Kiyasaid.4.WhydidNe’KiyaandCalceatakeupthechallenge?A.Theyweretalentedinmath. B.Theywereattractedbytheprize.C.Theythoughtitwasn’tthathard. D.Theywereinspiredbytheirparents.5.WhatcanweknowaboutNe’KiyaandCalcea?A.Theydidwellinstudyinmiddleschool.B.Theywereaimingtomakehistory.C.Theylearntmuchfromtheirteachers.D.Theyhadsomeacademicfoundationaboutmath.6.HowwasNe’KiyaandCalcea’spresentationattheconference?A.Interesting. B.plicated. C.Successful. D.Imperfect.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TwoStudentsSolvedA2,000yearMathPuzzleB.TrigonometryCanProveThePythagoreanTheoremC.TwoGeniusesHaveProvenThePythagoreanTheoremD.ATeacherPushedStudentsToCreateNewProofs【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述新奥尔良两名高中生成功用三角学证明勾股定理，解决近2000年数学难题。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The$500prizemoneywasamotivatingfactor.(500美元的奖金是一个激励因素。)”可知，这表明Ne’Kiya和Calcea接受挑战是因为被奖金所吸引。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“CalceaandNe’Kiyahadstudiedgeometryandsometrigonometrywhentheystartedworkingontheirproofs,buttheysaidtheydidn’tfeelmathwaseasy.(Calcea和Ne'Kiya在开始证明时学习了几何和一些三角学，但他们说他们觉得数学不容易。)”可知，Calcea和Ne’Kiya在开始进行证明时已经学习了几何和一些三角学知识，这说明他们有一定的数学学术基础。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“‘Iwaslike,‘Areyoujoking?’Butshewasn’t.Sowewent,gotupthereandpresentedanditwentwell,anditblewup.(我说：‘你在开玩笑吗？’但她不是。所以我们去了，站在那里，展示了它，它进展顺利，引起了轰动。)”可知，这表明他们在会议上的展示是成功的。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“ThatbonusquestionaskedstudentstocreateanewproofforthePythagoreantheorem(勾股定理),afundamentalprincipleofgeometry,usingtrigonometry(三角学),whichhadbeenbelievedtobeimpossiblefornearly2,000years.(这个奖金问题要求学生使用三角学为几何学的基本原理的勾股定理创建一个新的证明，近2000年来，人们一直认为这是不可能的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了CalceaJohnson和Ne’KiyaJackson两位学生成功地用三角学为勾股定理创造了新的证明，解决了近2000年来被认为不可能的数学难题。所以A选项TwoStudentsSolvedA2,000yearMathPuzzle(两名学生解决了一个有2000年历史的数学难题)符合文章主旨。故选B项。COver60%ofCentralAsiasuffersfromdesertification.RisingtemperaturesinpartsofChina,Uzbekistan,andmanyothercountrieshavebeenaconcern.Sincethe1980s,muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However,thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan,southernKazakhstan,andnorthwesternChina.Mountainshavebeehotterandwetter,makingtheglacierssmaller.Here,anincreaseintemperatureandprecipitationintheformofraininsteadofsnowhascontributedtothemeltingoficeatmountaintops.Therefore,glaciershavelessandlessice.Asaconsequence,lessmeltwaterflowstonearbyregions,causingwatershortages.DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample,poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka,Tanzania.InMauritania,adropinrainfallhasworsenedagriculturalproductionandhasleftmanyfarmersstrugglingtogrowenoughfoodtoeatorsell.Tosolvedesertification,variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.InNiger,localgovernmentshaveimprovedlandtorestoresoilfertility,whichhaspositivelyaffectedthecountrywhoseeconomyislargelydependentonagriculture.Here,thefarmershavebeenencouragedtofollowtheprincipleoffarmermanagednaturalregeneration.Thistechniqueinvolvestheregenerationandincreaseoftreeswhoserootsalreadylayunderneaththeland,encouragingsignificanttreegrowth.Thishasmadethesoilmoreproductive,improvedfarmers’ine,andturnedthelandsgreenerthanbefore.VillagesinKenyaandTanzaniaarefightingdroughtsanddesertificationbydiggingtrenchesthatstorewaterwhenitrains,thuskeepingwaterforplantsandtrees.SomeprojectshavehelpedfixsanddunesinnorthwesternChina.Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads,villages,andfarmland.Dunefixingisbasedonthestrawcheckerboardtechnique,whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat,rice,andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.Desertificationcontroleffortshavealsobenefitedpeoplelivingtherebycreatingjobsandincreasinginesbygrowingsandfixingshrubspeciesandbuildinggreenhouses.8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.ThereisnodesertificationinAfricancontinent.B.Theincreaseofrainhassolvedwatershortages.C.Themeltingoficeonthemountainsisagoodsign.D.DesertificationinCentralAsiaisworsethanbefore.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plague”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Amuse. B.Trouble. C.Shock. D.Puzzle.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themaincausesofdesertification. B.Thevariouspoliciesadoptedbygovernments.C.Thedifferentwaysoffightingdesertification. D.Thenegativeeffectsofdesertificationonpeople.11.Whatisthepurposeofplantingstrawsofplants?A.Tokeepthesandfrommoving. B.Tostoppeoplegoinginside.C.Topreventanimalsfromcrossing. D.Tobuildsimplehousesforpeople.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文中阐述了中亚和非洲部分地区遭受荒漠化的现状，以及不同国家为解决该问题所采取的多样手段，旨在让读者了解荒漠化的严峻形势与应对成效。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sincethe1980s,muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However,thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan,southernKazakhstan,andnorthwesternChina.(自20世纪80年代以来，该地区大部分地区一直处于沙漠气候。然而，现在这种情况已经蔓延到乌兹别克斯坦北部、吉尔吉斯斯坦、哈萨克斯坦南部和中国西北部)”可知，中亚的荒漠化情况比以前更严重了。故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。第二段“DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample,poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka,Tanzania.(荒漠化在非洲同样是个重大问题。例如，歉收和不断增多的荒地，持续……坦桑尼亚恩加鲁卡的居民)”表明，“plague”的意思应是“trouble”（困扰，使烦恼），才能起到举例说明“荒漠化在非洲同样是个重大问题”的作用。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的主旨句“Tosolvedesertification,variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.(为了解决荒漠化问题，不同国家采取了各种各样的措施)”及后文对不同国家采取的措施介绍可知，该段主要讲述了不同国家对抗荒漠化的不同方式。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads,villages,andfarmland.Dunefixingisbasedonthestrawcheckerboardtechnique,whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat,rice,andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.(荒漠化的问题之一是沙子的移动威胁着道路、村庄和农田。固沙是基于草方格技术，该技术包括将小麦、水稻和其他植物的秸秆以方格形状种植，一半埋在地下，另一半露在外面)”可知，种植秸秆是为了固定沙丘，防止沙子移动。故选A项。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhatchickensaretalkingabout?Chickensarequitethemunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutaplexlanguagesystem.Thesesoundsaretheirwayofinteractingwiththeworldandexpressingjoy,fear,andsocialconnectiontooneanother.Likehumans,the“language”ofchickensvarieswithage,environment,andsurprisingly,domestication(驯化),givingusinsightsintotheirsocialstructuresandbehaviours.Understandingthesesoundscantransformourapproachtopoultry(家禽)farming,enhancingchickenwelfareandqualityoflife.OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.It’saprojectthatissettorevolutionizeourunderstandingofthesefeatheredcreaturesandtheirmunicationmethods,offeringawindowintotheirworldthatwaspreviouslyclosedtous.TheuseofAIandmachinelearningislikehavingauniversaltranslatorforchickenspeech.AIcananalyzevastamountsofaudiodata.Ouralgorithms(算法)arelearningtorecognizepatternsandtinydifferencesinchickensounds.Thisisn’tasimpletask—chickenshavearangeofsoundsthatvaryinpitch,tone,andcontext.Butbyusingadvanceddataanalysistechniques,we’rebeginningtocracktheircode.Thisbreakthroughinanimalmunicationisnotjustascientificachievement;it’sasteptowardsmorehumaneandempathetictreatmentoffarmanimals.Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.Thisprojectisn’tjustaboutacademiccuriosity;ithasrealworldimplications.We’renotonlyunlockingthesecretsofavian(鸟类的)municationbutalsosettingnewstandardsforanimalwelfare.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutchickens?A.Theyaremunicative. B.Theybehaverandomly.C.Theylackemotions. D.Theytalkoddly.13.Whatbenefitwillchickensgetfromtheproject?A.Betterfoodquality. B.Fastergrowthrates.C.Bettercare. D.Enhancedsocialskills.14.Whatisahighlightoftheresearch?A.Revealingchickens’behaviours. B.Understandingchickens’emotions.C.Analyzingchickens’livingenvironment. D.Discoveringadvancedfeedingmethods.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EnhancinganimalhealthwithAI. B.Thesecretofchickens’life.C.Unlockingchickens’languagewithAI. D.Thefutureofpoultryfarming.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述达尔豪斯大学用AI解码鸡的语言，了解其情绪，助力动物福利提升。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Chickensarequitethemunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutaplexlanguagesystem.(鸡是相当善于交流的动物——它们的咯咯声、尖叫声和呼噜声不仅仅是随意发出的声音，而是一个复杂的语言系统。)”可知，鸡是善于交流的。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.(这项研究最令人兴奋的方面之一是理解这些声音背后的情感内容。它们有压力吗？它们满足吗？通过了解它们的情绪状态，我们可以在对它们的照顾和生活环境方面做出更明智的决定。)”可知，通过这个项目，能更好地了解鸡的情绪状态，从而能给予它们更好的照顾。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.(这项研究最令人兴奋的方面之一是理解这些声音背后的情感内容。它们有压力吗？它们满足吗？通过了解它们的情绪状态，我们可以在对它们的照顾和生活环境方面做出更明智的决定。)”可知，这项研究的一个亮点是理解鸡的情绪。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.(我们在达尔豪斯大学的研究应用人工智能（AI）来解码鸡的语言。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了通过人工智能来解码鸡的语言这一研究。而C选项Unlockingchickens’languagewithAI.(用人工智能解锁鸡的语言)符合文章主旨。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthedigitalage,peopletakemanymeasurestoprotecttheirprivacyonline.___16___Yourvaluableinformation,browsing(浏览)history,andpasswordscanbeeasilygotbyothers.Althoughgovernmentsaroundtheworldaretakingstepstoimprovethesituation,it'sstilllargelyuptoindividualstotrytopreservetheirprivacyonline.Herearesomeusefulwaystoprotectyouronlineprivacy.Usestrongcodes(密码).Alongandplicatedcodethatbinesspecialcharacterscanbethefirststeptowardssecuringyourselfonline.Itisremendedthatyoushouldnotusethesamecodeindifferentsocialmedia.___17___Install(安装)aprivatenetwork.InstallingaprivatenetworkisnecessaryforthosewhoarefondofusingpublicWiFi.___18___Ifapersonmanagestohackyourdeviceoryourconnection,theycannotstealanything,asallyourinformationwillbeunreadable.___19___Thelessinformationyouexposetoothers,thesmalleryourdigitalfootprintandthelessdatacriminalscancollect,expose,anduseagainstyou.Don’tshareyourpersonalinformationonsocialmediaplatformsandchatapps.Avoidpostingaboutvacations,familymembernames,carandbankinginformation,schoolsyouattended,oryourbirthday.Updatesocialmediaprivacysettings.Ithasbeenfoundthatsomepaniesareinpartnershipwithsocialmediaplatformstoexchangerevenue(收益)withpersonalinformation.___20___Youcanupdateyoursocialmediaprivacysettingssothatonlypermittedfriendscanviewyourposts,photos,andotherinformation.A.Shareaslittleaspossible.B.However,someofthemareoflittleuse.C.Don’tshareyourprivacywithyourfriends.D.Howeverthepowertosharepersonaldataisinyourhands.E.Also,trytokeepyourpasswordssecretandchangethemregularly.F.Aprivatenetworkcanmakesurethatnoonecanseewhatyou’redoingonline.G.Manypeopleconnecttheirpersonalsocialmediaaccountstothirdpartyapps.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.A20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在数字时代人们虽采取措施保护网络隐私，但仍有信息泄露风险，同时给出一些保护隐私的方法。【16题详解】由上文“Inthedigitalage,peopletakemanymeasurestoprotecttheirprivacyonline.(在数字时代，人们采取了许多措施来保护他们的网络隐私。)”以及下文“Yourvaluableinformation,browsinghistory,andpasswordscanbeeasilygotbyothers.(你的有价值的信息、浏览历史和密码很容易被他人获取。)”可知，这里表明人们虽然采取了措施，但效果并不理想。而B项However,someofthemareoflittleuse.(然而，其中一些措施几乎没有什么用处。)符合语境，其中However表示转折，someofthem指代上文提到的manymeasures，很好地衔接了上下文，说明措施效果不佳的情况。故选B项。【17题详解】由上文“Itisremendedthatyoushouldnotusethesamecodeindifferentsocialmedia.(建议你不要在不同的社交媒体上使用相同的密码。)”可知，这是关于密码使用的一个建议。而E项Also,trytokeepyourpasswordssecretandchangethemregularly.(此外，尽量对密码保密并定期更改密码。)符合语境，其中Also表示递进关系，进一步给出了关于密码保护的其他建议，与上文关于密码使用的话题紧密相连。故选E项。【18题详解】由上文“InstallingaprivatenetworkisnecessaryforthosewhoarefondofusingpublicWiFi.(对于那些喜欢使用公共WiFi的人来说，安装一个私人网络是必要的。)”可知，这里强调了安装私人网络对于使用公共WiFi人群的必要性。由下文“Ifapersonmanagestohackyourdeviceoryourconnection,theycannotstealanything,asallyourinformationwillbeunreadable.(如果有人试图破解你的设备或连接，他们无法窃取任何东西，因为你的所有信息都将无法读取。)”可知，这里讲私人网络的安全性，而F项Aprivatenetworkcanmakesurethatnoonecanseewhatyou’redoingonline.(一个私人网络可以确保没有人能看到你在网上做什么。)解释了私人网络的作用，承接了上文安装私人网络的必要性，同时引出了下文关于私人网络安全性的进一步说明，符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】由下文“Thelessinformationyouexposetoothers,thesmalleryourdigitalfootprintandthelessdatacriminalscancollect,expose,anduseagainstyou.Don’tshareyourpersonalinformationonsocialmediaplatformsandchatapps.Avoidpostingaboutvacations,familymembernames,carandbankinginformation,schoolsyouattended,oryourbirthday.(你向他人暴露的信息越少，你的数字足迹就越小，犯罪分子能够收集、暴露和利用来对付你的数据也就越少。不要在社交媒体平台和聊天应用程序上分享你的个人信息。避免发布关于度假、家庭成员姓名、汽车和银行信息、你就读的学校或你的生日的信息。)”可知，整段内容都在围绕减少个人信息的分享展开。而A项Shareaslittleaspossible.(尽可能少地分享。)作为该段的主题句，准确地概括了段落的核心内容。故选A项。【20题详解】由上文“Ithasbeenfoundthatsomepaniesareinpartnershipwithsocialmediaplatformstoexchangerevenuewithpersonalinformation.(人们发现，一些公司与社交媒体平台合作，用个人信息来交换收益。)”可知，这里说明存在个人信息被公司利用的情况。再由下文“Youcanupdateyoursocialmediaprivacysettingssothatonlypermittedfriendscanviewyourposts,photos,andotherinformation.(你可以更新你的社交媒体隐私设置，以便只有被允许的朋友才能查看你的帖子、照片和其他信息。)”可知，这里建议进行隐私设置。而D项However,thepowertosharepersonaldataisinyourhands.(然而，分享个人数据的权力在你手中。)符合语境，其中However表示转折，指出尽管存在公司利用个人信息的情况，但个人仍然拥有控制信息分享的权力，很好地连接了上下文。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneevening,amanandhiswifearrivedatourhotelwiththeirtwograndchildren,aboyaroundtwelveandagirlaboutseven.WhenIaskedfortheman’sIDandacreditcardforthepayment,hegrew___21___.“I’mpayingincash.Idon’tneedtogiveyouanythingelse,”hesaid.Iexplainedthehotelpolicy,notingthatacreditcardora$150cashdepositwas___22___.Frustrated,heraisedhisvoice,accusingthesystemofbeing___23___tocashusers.Eventually,hethrewhiscreditcardonthecounter,___24___angrily.Thegrandchildrenstoodquietly,looking___25___.Laterthatevening,thelittlegirlsurprisedmebyingtothedesk___26___,holdingaonedollarbill.Thensheexplainedinashyvoice,“Mygrandpagavemethistobuybreadformeandmybrother.Iwanttogiveyoumybread.Please___27___hisrudeness.”Hersincerity___28___medeeply.Iknelttoherlevelandsaid,“Sweetheart,youdon’tneedtogivemeanything.Youcanpicksome___29___foryouandyourbrother,andI’llpayforthem.”Hereyeslitupwith_____30_____.Shecarefullyselectedafewitems,_____31_____me,andhurriedbackupstairs.Thenextmorning,asthefamilywas_____32_____,themanapproachedmewithanapologeticlook.“Sorry,”hesaid_____33_____.“I’vebeengoingthrougharoughtime.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.”Atthatmoment,Irealizedhisgranddaughter’ssmallactof_____34_____hadbridgedagapofmisunderstanding,remindingmeofthepowerofempathyand_____35_____.21.A.mature B.defensive C.grateful D.calm22.A.avoided B.questioned C.required D.misunderstood23.A.unfair B.legal C.unimportant D.mon24.A.nodding B.arguing C.smiling D.plaining25.A.embarrassed B.puzzled C.satisfied D.excited26.A.hesitantly B.confidently C.rudely D.sadly27.A.bear B.forgive C.correct D.recognize28.A.hurt B.taught C.praised D.touched29.A.cards B.grapes C.snacks D.tickets30.A.fear B.doubt C.regret D.appreciation31.A.blamed B.ignored C.thanked D.interrupted32.A.leaving B.returning C.planning D.waiting33.A.coldly B.politely C.proudly D.cheerfully34.A.courage B.humor C.curiosity D.generosity35.A.kindness B.honesty C.patience D.discipline【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为酒店前台，遇到一个态度粗鲁的客人，但客人的小孙女用她的善良和纯真打动了作者，最终化解了误会的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我要求看这位男士的身份证和用于支付的信用卡时，他变得防御起来。A.mature成熟的；B.defensive防御的，戒备的；C.grateful感激的；D.calm冷静的。根据后文““I’mpayingincash.Idon’tneedtogiveyouanythingelse,”hesaid.”可知，客人表示要用现金支付，不需要提供其他任何东西，说明他对作者的要求产生了抵触情绪，变得防御起来。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释了酒店的政策，指出需要信用卡或150美元的现金押金。A.avoided避免；B.questioned质疑；C.required要求，需要；D.misunderstood误解。根据前文“Iexplainedthehotelpolicy”可知，作者是在解释酒店的规定，即入住需要信用卡或现金押金，这是酒店“要求”的。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他提高了嗓门，沮丧地指责这个系统对使用现金的人不公平。A.unfair不公平的；B.legal合法的；C.unimportant不重要的；D.mon常见的。根据前文“Frustrated”可知，客人感到沮丧，说明他认为酒店的要求对他不公平，因为他想用现金支付。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他愤怒地把信用卡扔在柜台上，抱怨着。A.nodding点头；B.arguing争论；C.smiling微笑；D.plaining抱怨。根据“angrily”可知，客人是愤怒地扔下信用卡，并伴随着抱怨。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孙子孙女们静静地站着，看起来很尴尬。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.satisfied满意的；D.excited兴奋的。根据后文“Please___7___hisrudeness.”可知，孩子们感受到了爷爷的粗鲁行为，因此感到尴尬。故选A。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上晚些时候，小女孩犹豫地走到前台，拿着一美元钞票，让我感到惊讶。A.hesitantly犹豫地；B.confidently自信地；C.rudely粗鲁地；D.sadly悲伤地。根据后文“holdingaonedollarbill”可知，小女孩拿着一美元钞票走到前台，这个行为可能是她自己想出来的，因此她可能有些犹豫。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：请原谅他的粗鲁。A.bear忍受；B.forgive原谅；C.correct纠正；D.recognize认出。根据前文“Mygrandpagavemethistobuybreadformeandmybrother.Iwanttogiveyoumybread.”可知，小女孩想用自己买面包的钱来弥补爷爷的粗鲁行为，因此她希望作者能“原谅”她的爷爷。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的真诚深深地打动了我。A.hurt伤害；B.taught教；C.praised赞扬；D.touched触动。根据后文“Iknelttoherlevelandsaid,“Sweetheart,youdon’tneedtogivemeanything.””可知，作者蹲