第一部分 必修第一册 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS

第一部分过透教材必修第一册UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS基础帮默写自测教材帮核心突破高考帮题型对接练习帮课时提能02点击此处添加小标题点击此处添加正文01点击此处添加小标题点击此处添加正文目录CContents

基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.

n.健康；健壮；适合2.

n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动3.

n.运动员；运动健儿4.

n.高手；主人vt.精通；掌握5.

n.奖章；勋章6.

adv.分离；分开；成碎片fitness

event

athlete

master

medal

apart

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ7.

n.(运动队)队长；船长；机长8.

vi.&vt.假装；装扮9.

num.一百万10.

vi.作弊

vt.欺骗

n.欺骗手段；骗子11.

n.观众；听众12.

adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的13.

adj.苗条的；单薄的14.

n.规定饮食；日常饮食

vi.节食15.

adv.相当；有点儿cheat

audience

positive

slim

diet

rather

captain

pretend

million

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅡ.拓展单词——通其变1.

n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸

vt.尊敬；尊重(某人)；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、

称号)→

adj.值得尊敬的；体面的；高尚的2.

vt.决定；确定

vi.&vt.决心→

n.决心；决定

→

adj.坚决的；有决心的3.

vt.使受伤；损害→

adj.受伤的；有伤的→

n.伤

害；损伤4.

adj.强壮的；坚强的→

n.力量；体力→

vt.&

vi.加强；巩固honour

honourable

determine

determination

determined

injure

injured

injury

strong

strength

strengthen

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ5.

vi.&vt.失败；不及格；未能(做到)→

n.失败；失败的人

(或事物)6.

vi.竞争；对抗→

n.竞争→

adj.竞争

的；有竞争力的→

n.竞争者7.

n.压力；紧张；重音

vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安

→

adj.(状况、经历)压力大的→

adj.焦虑不安的fail

failure

compete

competition

competitive

competitor

stress

stressful

stressed

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ主人；东道主；节目主持人Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.soccer

n.

⁠2.stadium

n.

⁠3.boxing

n.

⁠4.badminton

n.

⁠5.marathon

n.

⁠6.ski

adj.

vi.

⁠7.host

vt.

n.

⁠8.track

n.

vt.&vi.

⁠9.gym

n.

⁠足球；足球运动体育场；运动场拳击(运动)

羽毛球运动马拉松赛跑滑雪的滑雪主办；主持跑道；足迹；铁路轨道追踪；跟踪健身房；体育馆ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ10.gymnastics

n.

⁠11.sweat

vt.

vi.

n.

⁠12.legend

n.

⁠13.glory

n.

⁠14.championship

n.

⁠15.champion

n.

⁠16.graceful

adj.

⁠17.jog

vi.&n.

⁠18.error

n.

⁠体操(训练)

使出汗；出汗弄湿出汗；流汗汗水；出汗传奇故事(或人物)；传说荣誉；光荣；赞美锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号冠军；优胜者优美的；优雅的慢跑错误；差错ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅣ.核心短语——明搭配1.

跟随；到达；进步；赶快2.

锻炼；计算出；解决3.

树立榜样4.

破裂；破碎；崩溃5.

丧失信心；泄气6.

放弃；投降7.

假装做某事8.

即使；虽然9.

有作用或影响comealong

workout

setanexample

fallapart

loseheart

giveup

pretendtodosth.

evenif/though

makeadifference

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ10.

而不是11.

停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下12.

与······比较13.makeit

⁠14.makesense

⁠15.nowandthen

⁠ratherthan

cut...out

compare...with/to...

获得成功；准时到达有道理；合乎情理有时；偶尔ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅤ.经典句式——会运用1.WhenMichaelJordan’sfeetlefttheground，

.(seemto

do)当迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间，时间似乎都静止了。2.Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldown

.(even

if引导的让步状语从句)即使对自己的球队有帮助，一个足球运动员也不应该假装跌倒。3.

ratherthanweight，thingsbeganto

change.(once引导的时间状语从句)一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就开始有了变化。time

seemedtostandstill

evenifithelpshis/herteam

OnceIstartedthinkingaboutfitness

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ4.

，Ibecamebothhappierand

healthier.(bydoing作状语)通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。Bybeingpositiveaboutmyselfandmybody

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本单元词汇)1.Bruce

(假装)thathedidn’tmind，butIknewthathedid.2.Therewasalarge

(观众)ofyoungpeopleatthepopconcert.3.Abalanced

⁠andregularexercisearethekeystoahealthylifestyle.4.Teenagers’

isnowamajorconcern，towhichphysicalexerciseisvery

important.5.Musiccanhave

⁠effectsonthesoulandthequalityoflifeaswell.6.She

⁠theimportanceofcarefulpreparationbeforeimportantexams

orevents.7.To

aword，youneedtorepeatitmanytimesuntilyoulearnitbyheart.pretended

audience

diet

fitness

positive

stressed/stresses

master

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Ifeltitan

toattendtheacademicconferenceheldbythe

⁠

professor.(honour)2.Astheyoungest

，Johnwillcompeteinthewritingcontestagainst30

othertopstudentsfortheyearlyawardofwriting.Hemustbevery

⁠so

thathecanwinthe

.(compete)3.Hefelthewasa

becausehe

toliveuptohisparents’

expectations.(fail)honour

honourable

competitor

competitive

competition

failure

failed

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.MysisterLily

togotoPekingUniversity.Sheis

a

girl.SoIbelievethatshewillmakeherdreamcometruewith

great

.(determine)5.Thestrongman，whoconstantlyworkedoutinthegymto

⁠his

muscles，lifteduptheheavyrockwithallhis

.(strength)6.Jerryhasbeenunder

foronemonth.Hehassomuch

⁠workto

dothathefeels

.(stress)7.Restisoftenthemosteffectivetreatmentforcommonrunning

，so

the

athletesshouldhaveagoodrest.(injure)determined/hasdetermined

determined

determination

strengthen

strength

stress

stressful

stressed

injuries

injured

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子makeadifference

compare...with...

makeitcomealong

fallapart

setagoodexample1.Asaconsequenceofthecrisis，theGDPofthatcountryhasdeclinedby

20％

⁠theyearbeforelast.2.Iamreadytovolunteerforthesportsmeetwhenthechance

⁠.3.Teachersaresupposedto

forstudentsbybehavingverywellat

anymoment.4.IamadoctorandIlovemyworkbecauseit

tothelivesof

others.5.Somepeople

⁠understresswhileothersdowellinhandlingpressure.6.Aslongasyouhaveadream，keeptryingandyouwill

⁠.comparedwith

comesalong

setagoodexample

makesadifference

fallapart

makeit

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅣ.句式仿写1.几乎每个人都可能会有一段时间，似乎一切都出了问题。(seemtodo)Nearlyeveryonemayhaveoneoftheseperiodswhen

⁠

⁠.2.即使你没计划找工作，做志愿者也会给你练习重要技能的机会。(evenif引导的让

步状语从句)

，volunteeringgivesyoutheopportunityto

practiceimportantskills.everythingseemstobegoing

wrong

Evenifyou’renotplanningtofindajob

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.通过鼓励更多人使用自行车而不是汽车，共享单车帮助缓解了城市的交通堵塞。

(bydoing作状语)

，bikesharinghashelped

easetrafficjamsincities.4.一旦我们下定了决心，就没有人能阻止我们取得进步。(once引导的时间状

语从句)

，noonecanpreventusfrommakingprogress.Byencouragingmorepeopletousebicyclesinsteadofcars

Oncewehavemadeupourminds

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

1.HostingtheOlympicsisagreathonourforacountryanditspeople.EachOlympics

witnessedcountlesslegendsfromdifferentevents.LangPing’sdeterminationneverfell

aparteveniftheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblemsandoneofthebest

playersgotinjured.Jordan’sgracefulmovesandthementalstrengththatheshowed

madehimunique.Theybothcompetedagainst/withtheothercompetitorsformedals，

championshipsandhonour.Millionsofpeoplearetheirfansandtheaudienceiscrazy

aboutthem.Theyset

an

exampletousandhavebroughtglorytotheircountriesby

payingcountlesssweat，learningfromfailuresandnevergiving

up.2.Weneedn’tcompareourselveswithprofessionalathletesorpretendtobesports

lovers.Thatdoesn’tmake

sense.Butweshouldliveahealthylife，whichreallymakes

a

difference.Somepeopleseemtofocusontheirweightrather

than

fitnessnowadays.

Expectingtobecomeslimjustbycutting

outthefoodyoueatisunhealthyandmaybring

youmentalstress.Therightwayistowork

outregularlyandhaveabalanceddiet.Come

alongandyoucanmake

it！

1.honour

n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸

vt.尊敬；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)1.WhenTuYouyouwashonoured

theNobelPrize，shesaid，

＂Thisisnot

only

honourformyself，butalsorecognitionandencouragementforallscientists

inChina.＂2.Itisagreathonourforme

(invite)toaddressthisinternationalAI

conference.3.Thegovernmentsetupaschool

(为了纪念)heroeswhofoughtforthe

honourofourcountry.with

an

tobeinvited

inhonourof

4.我很荣幸能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲。(演讲稿)→①

haveapreciouschancetodeliveraspeechhere.(it作形

式主语)→②

haveapreciouschancetodeliveraspeechhere.(it作形式

宾语)→③

haveapreciouschancetodeliveraspeechhere.(honour

v.)It’sanhonourformeto

Ifeelitanhonourto

Ifeel/amhonouredto

5.我是否有幸邀请您来参加以＂运动与健康＂为主题的讲座？(邀请信)

⁠

(havethehonourof...)MayIhavethehonourofinvitingyoutoattendthelectureonthethemeofSportsand

Fitness？★It’sanhonourforsb.todosth.＝Sb.feelsitanhonourtodosth.＝Sb.is/feelshonouredtodosth.某人为做某事感到荣幸。havethehonourofsth./doingsth.有幸做某事inhonourof向······表示敬意；为纪念······★honoursb.withsth.(forsth.)(因某事)给某人······奖励、头衔、称号2.determination

n.决心，决定

(decision)1.[外研选必④-4]Tosucceedinbusiness，youneedmorethanagoodidea，hard

workand

(determine).2.[人教必修③-4]However，somescientistsweredetermined

(help)humans

realisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.3.

(determine)tobestronger，Itookpartinmanyphysicalactivities.4.这次比赛教会了我要勇于接受挑战，坚定地面对困难。(读后续写之主旨升华)determination

tohelp

Determined

Thiscompetitiontaughtmetobebraveenoughtoacceptchallengesand

⁠

⁠.facedifficulties

withdetermination

★withdetermination坚决地thedeterminationtodosth.做某事的决心★determinetodosth.决心做某事(表示动作)★determinedadj.坚决的，坚定的bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事(表示状态)3.strength

n.力量，体力(power)；毅力，坚强决心；实力；深度；长处毅力，意志力量实力优势，长处

动词后缀-en表示＂使成为，变得＂。如：strength(n.力量，体力)＋-en

→strengthen(v.增强)，short(adj.短的)＋-en→shorten(v.变短)。buildsupone’sstrength

4.Musiccan

(strength)theheartandshortentherecoverytimeofpatients

whoaresufferingfromheartdisease.strengthen

教师尊享·点拨5.练中国功夫不但能增强体力，还能培养一个人的性格。(中国文化)PractisingChinesekungfunotonly

，butalsodevelops

one’scharacter.6.首先，你得清楚地了解自己在运动方面的强项和弱项，从而选择最适合自己的体育运动。(建议信)Firstofall，youaresupposedtobeclearabout

⁠

，andchoosethesportmostsuitableforyou.★buildupone’sstrength增强体力withallone’sstrength用尽全力strengthsandweaknesses优势和劣势★strengthenvt.&vi.加强，巩固yourstrengthsandweaknessesin

sports

4.compete

vi.竞争，对抗1.Theyoung

(compete)cametoBeijingtocompete

⁠thehonourof

hiscountry.Inthefierce

(compete)，heearnedachanceto

compete

thefinal(决赛).2.Nowadays，graduateshavetobeequippedwithmanyabilitiestofightforgoodjobsin

thehighly

(compete)market.3.人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中，我们常常在与他人竞争的过程中超越自我。

(读后续写之主旨升华)competitor

for

competition

in

competitive

Lifeislikealongracewhereweoften

⁠togobeyond

ourselves.competewith/againstothers

★competewith/against和······竞争competefor为······竞争competein参加······比赛★competitionn.竞争competitorn.竞争者，对手；参赛者competitiveadj.有竞争力的；竞争的5.pretend

vi.&

vt.

假装；装扮1.Jackpretended

(do)hishomeworkwhenhismomcamebackhome

fromwork.Indeed，hewaswatchingfootballgamesonTVthewholeafternoon.2.她假装不兴奋，可脸上的表情却将她的心绪暴露无遗。(读后续写之神态描写)→①

，buttheexpressiononherfacewasa

deadgiveaway.(从句)→②

，buttheexpressiononherfacewasadead

giveaway.(不定式)tobedoing

Shepretendedthatshewasn’texcited

Shepretendednottobeexcited

pretend后接宾语从句与后接不定式可以互相转换，但有一个前提：宾语从句的

主语与主句的主语相同(本题中，主语均是she)。教师尊享·点拨

★pretendtobe＋n./adj.假装是······pretendtodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesth.假装做某事/正在做某事/做过某事pretend＋that从句

假装······2.你最好早点儿到，因为中国人很重视守时。(建议信)→①You’dbetterarrivealittleearlieras

⁠

punctuality.(stressv.)→②You’dbetterarrivealittleearlieras

⁠

punctuality.(stressn.)Chinesepeoplestressthegreatimportance

of

Chinesepeoplelay/put/placegreatstresson

6.stress

n.压力；紧张；重音

vt.

强调；重读；使焦虑不安

vi.焦虑不安1.Lifeis

formostpeople，butifwegetenoughsleepandeatproperly，and

ifweexerciseandsetasidesometimeforfun，we’llprobablyfeelless

.(stress)

stressful

stressed

★understress在压力之下reduce/relieveone’sstress减轻某人的压力put/lay/placestresson...强调，重视······★stresstheimportanceof...强调······的重要性stressout/stresssb.out(使)某人焦虑不安★stressed(out)adj.焦虑不安的stressfuladj.(状况、经历)压力大的，紧张的7.give

up

放弃；投降1.Althoughtheirstrengthwasgiving

，noparticipantsgave

⁠halfway.2.Nevergive

⁠tothetemporarydifficulty.Sunshinealwayscomesafterthe

storm.(读后续写之主旨升华)3.Sayingtoomuchcan

(泄露秘密)youtrytohide.4.Oursocietyencouragesteenagersto

(给老人让座)on

thebus.out

up

in

giveawaythesecret

giveuptheseattotheelderly

giveupsth.还可表示＂让出某物＂。教师尊享·点拨

5.Bicyclesareenvironmentallyfriendly，sincetheywon’t

(释放

废气).6.尽管失败了很多次，他们没有放弃，最终做出了美味的爆米花。(读后续写之动作

描写)giveoffwastegas

⁠andfinallydeliciouspopcornwas

made.Havingfailedmanytimes，theydidn’tgiveup

★giveupsth.tosb.把······交给/让与某人giveuponsb.对某人不再抱希望(或不再相信)★giveaway赠送，捐赠；泄露，暴露givein(to...)(向······)屈服，(向······)让步；呈上，交上giveoff发出，放出(光、热、气味等)giveout分发，散发；用完，耗尽givewayto退步；让步givesb.ahand帮某人个忙8.make

sense

有道理，讲得通；是明智的，合乎情理；表述清楚，易于理解1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义①Nobodycanpredictthefuture.Soitmakesgoodsensetosavemoneyforarainy

day.

⁠②[北师选必②-4]SonowthatwehaveestablishedhowimportanthumouristoBritish

people，whatexactlymakesthemlaugh？AnddoesBritishhumourmakesensetoother

cultures？

⁠③InEnglish，somesentencescontainaclausewithessentialinformation.Ifyoutake

awaytheclause，thesentencewon’tmakesense.

⁠非常明智易于理解讲得通2.Youcanasktheteachertospeakslowlysothat

⁠

(你就可以理解他讲的内容).(建议信)3.

(把你和别人比较是没有意义的)all

thetime.Everyoneisunique.(劝慰信)4.有时候一个小小的善举也很有意义，它使得这个世界更加友好。(读后续写之主

旨升华)Sometimes，asmallactofkindness

⁠

.(现在分词作状语)youcanmakesenseofwhathe

says

There’snosenseincomparingyouwithothers

makesmuchsense，makingtheworld

friendlier

本单元中关于make的短语还有makepredictions(作出预测)、makeadifference(有

作用或影响)、makeaconversation(编对话)等。其他常用的短语还有makean

excuse(找借口)、makeamistake(犯错误)、makeaneffort(付出努力)、makethebed(铺

床)、makeanoise(发出响声)、makethemostof(充分利用)等。★makesenseof理解，弄懂(复杂或不寻常的事物)★Itmakes(no)sense(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是(不)明智的。There’snosenseindoingsth.做某事没道理/意义。教师尊享·点拨1.Thoughwecompletelydiffer

eachother

character，wearestillgreat

friends.2.Thetwinsaresoalike；it’sdifficultto

(区分他

们).3.毕竟，是我们共同的努力才能影响环境。所以，我们立即行动起来吧。(倡议)from

in

tellthedifferencebetweenthem

9.make

a

difference有作用，有关系，有影响Afterall，

⁠

.Solet’stakeactionrightnow.(强调句型)itisourjointeffortsthatcanmakeadifferencetotheenvironmental

protection

★makeadifferenceto...对······有作用/有影响makeabig/some/no/littledifference(to...)有很大/一些/没有/极小作用或影响tellthedifference(between...and...)辨别/区分(······与······的)不同★differfrom...in...与······在······方面不同bedifferentfrom...in...与······在······方面不同10.seem＋不定式1.[译林必修①-2]Doeseverydinnerwithyourparentsseem

(turn)intoa

battle？Haveyouroncewarmandopenconversationsbecomecoldandguarded？2.[外研必修③-4]Onemomentsheseems

(laugh)atme，butthen

againIcatchasenseofsadnessinhersmile.(读后续写之情感描写)toturn

tobelaughing

句意：有一刻她似乎在嘲笑我，但后来我又从她的笑容中感受到了悲伤。此处

表示当时正在做的事情，因此seems后用tobelaughing。教师尊享·点拨

3.一开始，坚持锻炼似乎很难，我甚至没有尝试就想放弃。(求助信)→①Atthebeginning，

⁠soIwantedto

giveupevenwithouthavingatry.(seemtodo)→②Atthebeginning，

⁠soIwanted

togiveupevenwithouthavingatry.(itseemsthat...)→③Atthebeginning，

soIwantedtogiveup

evenwithouthavingatry.(itseems＋adj.＋todosth.)keepingexercisingseemedtobedifficult

itseemedthatkeepingexercisingwasdifficult

itseemeddifficulttokeepexercising

★seemtodosth.好像/似乎要做某事seemtobedoingsth.好像/似乎正在做某事seemtohavedonesth.好像/似乎已经做了某事★其他含seem的句型：Itseems(tosb.)that...(在某人看来)似乎······Itseems＋adj./n.＋todosth.做某事看起来······Itseemsasif/asthough...看起来好像······Thereseemstobe...似乎有······；好像有······

形容词后缀-ful/-less

-ful与-less是一对意思相反的形容词后缀，-ful表示＂充满······的，有······性质(或

倾向)的＂

，-less表示＂没有，无＂。-ful形容词-less形容词本单元graceful优美的，优雅的graceless粗鲁的，不优美的拓展stressful压力重的，紧张的stressless没有压力的painful令人痛苦的painless无痛的-ful形容词-less形容词拓展powerful强有力的，有影响力的powerless无影响力的，无权的hopeful满怀希望的hopeless无望的meaningful重要的；有意义的meaningless不重要的；无意义的

1.[人教必修②-5]Whenyouwanttoexplainsomethingdifficulttosomebody，it

is

(help)touseeasierwordswiththesamemeaning.2.Shesitsathomeallday，watchingTVandfeeling

(use)，butshedecides

tomakesomechanges.3.[外研必修③-5]Althoughthe300kgadultmalescanlookabitscary—don’tworry，they’re

(harm)！helpful

useless

harmless

4.[外研选必④-1]Itis

(wonder)tomeetsuchfriendlylocalpeoplewhoare

happytosharetheirliveswithus.5.[2019江苏]Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthat

thesehavemadehumankindthemost

(power)animalonearth.wonderful

powerful

Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Oncethere，Lenouewasassessedandlatertakentoahospital，where

shelearnedthatshehadserious

(injure)inoneofherknees.injury/injuries

句意：一到那里，Lenoue就接受了评估，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己

的一个膝盖受了重伤。injury在表示＂(对躯体的)伤害，损伤＂时，既可以作可数名

词，也可以作不可数名词；seriousinjury/injuries表示＂重伤＂。ⅠⅡⅢ教师尊享·点拨

2.[2023全国甲]Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits：Researchshowsitmakesus

happier，less

(stress)andevenmoreoptimistic.3.[2022北京]Healthand

(fit)helpapersonliveagoodandhealthylife.4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]Overthepast38years，Mr.Wanghaspretended

(be)

someoneelsemanytimes，andhasevenlearnedtospeakdifferentdialects(方言)，

leadingtohimbeingdescribedasan＂Oscar-winningactor＂.stressed

fitness

tobe

5.[2021全国乙]Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstill

uselandlines(座机)nowandthen，compared

⁠84percentofBabyBoomers

who’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.to/with

ⅠⅡⅢ6.[江苏高考]Aquickreviewofsuccessesand

(fail)attheendofyearwill

helpshapeyouryearahead.failures

句意：在年底快速回顾你的成功和失败有助于你来年的发展。success和failure在此为抽象名词具体化，表示＂成功或失败的事＂，为可数名词；

当表示＂成功或失败＂时，为抽象概念，是不可数名词。类似的词还有：

beauty(美；美好的事物)，danger(危险；危险的人或事)，surprise(惊讶；令人惊奇的

事)等。如：—Ineverexpectedtheexperimentwouldbeafailure.—NordidI.Theresultcameasacompletesurprise.ⅠⅡⅢ教师尊享·点拨

7.[天津高考]Lastsummer，shewantedtojoinourlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhard

andfinallymade

⁠.it

本句中makeit表示＂获得成功＂。makeit还可表示＂准时到达＂。如：The

flightleavesintwentyminutes—we’llnevermakeit.up

ⅠⅡⅢ教师尊享·点拨8.