2024年高考模拟考试英语试题

年高考模拟考试英语试题2024.05第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)AForthe150thanniversaryofthefirstImpressionistexhibition,theMuséed’Orsay,whichhousestheworld’slargestcollectionofthiscurrent,isofferingamajorretrospective(回顾展)ofthisartistictrendwithParis1874:InventingImpressionismfromMarch26toJuly14.150yearsago,onApril15,1874,inaluxuriousphotographerNadar’sstudioinnorthernParis,BertheMorisot,EdouardDegasandClaudeMonetcametogetherasacooperativelimitedcompanytoopenthefirstImpressionistexhibition,amovementthatwouldforeverchangethecourseofarthistory.Theretrospectivewilltakevisitorsonavirtualtourtotheverymoment150yearsago.Duringthe40-minuteimmersive(沉浸的)tour,visitorswillspendavirtualeveningwiththefamousimpressionistsandtravelbysteamtraintoBougival,westofParis,wheremanyofthemworked.Visitorswillthentourthemainexhibition,whichopensintoagallerywithRenoir’sLaParisienneandLaDanseusethatfeaturedinthe1874exhibition,andotherimpressionistpaintings,drawingsandsculptures.“Theimmersiveexperienceisuniqueandinnovative.Youcangointothisexhibitionandrelivetheeveningwiththeartistsanddiscovertheoriginofthismovement.Wewanttorecreatetheemotionforvisitorsofthe1874exhibition,”saidAbastado,directorofdigitaldevelopmentattheMuséed’Orsay.Guidelines:*Theexperienceissuitableforchildrenof11y/oandabove;childrenunder8y/oareprohibited.*Weremindyouthat,inviewofthetechnologyused,virtualrealityexperiencesarenotrecommendedforpeoplewithbalanceorvisiondisorders.*Walkersandmotorizedwheelchairsarenotpermittedinthespace,butmanualwheelchairsareaccepted.1.What’stheretrospectivemainlyaimedat?A.Protectingculturaldiversity. B.Fuelingpeople’sloveforart.C.Showinghonortolateartists. D.Markingthebirthofamovement.2.Whatcanbeexperiencedduringthevirtualtour?A.Paintingapictureonthespot. B.Drivingasteamtraininperson.C.Meetingfamousimpressionists. D.Stayingovernightinthegallery.3.Whoisthemostsuitabletovisittheexhibition?A.Aneight-year-oldboy. B.Anadultwithawalker.C.Avisually-challengedgirl. D.Ateenagerinamanualwheelchair.BTravellingseemedlikefalsehoodtome.IgrewtiredofbackpackersexpressingtoomuchpraiseabouthowpettingababyelephantinThailand“transformed”them.Globe-travelingtomeheldnomorepromisethanfindingafewbillsinthepocketofanoldcoat.IneededsomethingdeeperthananEat,Play,Lovemoment.Oneday,Vasilis,myGreekbestfriend,remindedmeofourdecade-oldpromise:afterourfinalexams,IwouldvisithishometowninAthens.Maybe,itwastimetomakegoodonthatpromise.Ifinallyboardedtheplane.Vasilispickedmeupattheairport.Ismiled,thinkinghowimprobablethismomentseemedallthoseyearsago.Thedecade-longwaitprovedtobewellworthit.Everystepthroughtheancientstreetsrevealednewwonders.However,noneofthemtrulymattered.Whatwouldforeveraltermyperceptionoftravelwasachanceencounterwithalocal.VasilisandIwerewanderingAthenswhenaspecialsoundcaughtourattention—arhythmicclinkingdisturbingthequietnessoftheresidentialstreet.Curiously,wefollowedthesoundtoahumbleworkshop.Inside,awelder(焊工)gavenomindtoourpresencebehindhim.Heworenoflashyprotectivesuit—thiswasjustanotherdayforhim,anotherdancewithfireandmetalthathadbecomesecondnature.Underthesunshade,hisorangecatrestedinthecomfortingwarmth...Asthemancontinuedwelding,Ifeltabitofenvy.Ienviedhispeaceandcontentment.Iadmiredthesimplicityheembodied（=showed）.Iimaginedthewelderhappy,findingfulfillmentinhiscraft(手艺)andreturningtohislovingfamilyThemomentmovedmetotears.Leavingtheworkshop,rainblendingwithtears,Irealizedhoweasilylife’spoetrycouldpassunnoticed.HomeagaininMontreal,Istopsimplypursuingbetterthings,betterexperiencesandbetterpeoplethatarenevergrasped.Irealizetherealjourneyisinward—toappreciatelife’sordinarymagic.Thatsurebeatspettinganybabyelephant.Imaynothavereturnedhome“transformed,”butI’llalwaysthinkofthewelderandhiscat.4.Whichaspectoftravellingmakestheauthorfeeluneasy?A.Shortageofadequatefunds. B.Discomfortindietaryhabits.C.Overstatementoftravel’seffects. D.Dangerofpettingbabyanimals.5.WhatdrovetheauthortogotoAthens?A.Meetingacommitment. B.Exploringauniquelandscape.C.Receivingfurthereducation. D.Escapingfromthecurrentlife.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poetry”inparagraph6probablyreferto?A.Poemswrittenbymasters. B.Peaceandsimplicity.C.Spiritofcraftsmanship. D.Specialsoundinthestreet.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FriendshipLastsForever B.TravellingShapesaBetterSelfC.PursuitofHappinessNeverStops D.TheOrdinaryMakesExtraordinaryCIn2022,theNatureConservancylaunchedtwo5-yearpilotprojectsatworkingranches(牧场)inKansasandNewMexicotodetermineifvirtualfencesenablelandmanagerstobetterperformregenerative(再生的)managementpracticesandtoassesspotentialbenefitsforbiodiversityandforranchers(牧场主)’bottomlines,aswellasimpactsonsoilcarbonstorage.ApplaudedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureasaclimateadaptionstrategy,virtualfencingisaninnovativetechnologythatenablesrancherstouseasmartphoneorwebapptoremotelymonitorandcontrolwhereandwhencattlegraze(吃草).Virtualfencescanreducetheneedforphysicalfences,whichrequiresignificanttime,expenseandlabortomaintain.Physicalfencesalsolimitlandmanagersintheirabilitytochangegrazingboundariestoadapttoseasonalchangesinvegetationortoexcludecattlefromecologicallysensitiveareas.Thecowsareoutfitted（=equipped）withbattery-operated,GPS-enabledcollarsthatsendoutaradiofrequencytocommunicatewithreceptiontowers,creatingvirtualgrazingboundariessetbyarancher.Whenacowapproachestheedgeofthevirtualboundary,thecollarproducesasoundsignalingittoturnaround.Ifthecowproceedstocrosstheboundary,itreceivesamomentarymildshock,signalingthatit’sgonetoofarandshouldrejoinitsgroup.Grasslandsaretheleastprotectedhabitatonearthandoneofthemosteffectivecarbonsinks,storingupto20%oftheworld’ssoilorganiccarbon.Unfortunately,grasslandsarecontinuingtorapidlydisappearforseveralreasons.Forecologicalhealth,mostgrasslandecosystemsneedperiodsofdisturbancetoaerate(使透气)thesoil,stimulateplantgrowthandrecyclenutrientsintothesoil.Rancherscompletethisdisturbance-restcyclebymanagingthetiming,location,herdsizeandintensityofgrazingactivities,allofwhichcanbetime-consumingandpainstaking.“Currently,thecostsofvirtualfencingarestillhigh,butinthelongrunitcanhelplandmanagersbettercarryoutmanagementpracticesthatregeneratelandhealth,helpaddressclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss,”saidWilliamBurnidge,directoroftheNatureConservancy.8.What’sstressedconcerningvirtualfencinginparagraph2?A.Itssmartdesign. B.Itsmajoradvantages. C.Itswideapplication. D.Itsworkingprinciples.9.Whatdoesthemildshockindicatetothecow?A.It’stimetoreturn. B.It’stimetograze.C.It’sindanger. D.It’sinawrongdirection.10.What’sunavoidableforrancherstocompletethedisturbance-restcycle?A.Intenseefforts. B.Pollutedsoil. C.Financialfailure. D.Ecologicalimbalance.11.What’sMr.Burnidge’sattitudetovirtualfencing?A.Intolerant. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Conservative.DOverthepastfewmonths,I’vebeeninvitedtospeakwithwell-knownwriters,musiciansandfilmproducersregardingmyrecentbook,Extraterrestrial.Priortotheseconversations,Iwasonthereceiving(andadmiring)endoftheirartisticwork,butnowtheywerecuriousaboutmyownresearchasascientist.Thereverseledmetorecognizethesimilaritiesbetweeninnovationintheartsandthesciences.Insciencesandartsalike,creativityappearsmagicallyasanunpredictablefountainofinspirationfromthesubconscious(潜意识).Itsunexpectedcontentbreaksroutineswithintraditionalthinking.Itdeliverssomethingnewthatisdistinctfromcommonpractices,oftentakingpeopleoutoftheircomfortzonebecauseitisaheadofitstime.Asaresult,manyinnovatorsarelaughedatanddeniedtherecognitiontheydeservewhentheyneeditthemost.Therearemanyexamplesofsuchcircumstances.In1933FritzZwickyinferredtheexistenceof“darkmatter”,butittookfourdecadesforthisconcepttogainrecognitionwithintheastronomycommunity.VincentvanGoghwasconsideredamadmanandafailurethroughouthislife.Today,hispaintingsareamongthemostexpensiveeversold,though.Typically,lifeofferstwowaysofacquiringobjects.Oneisbycollectingavailableitems,andtheotherisbycreatingthingsthatneverexistedbefore.Whereasmostitemsontheshelvesofsupermarketsaremass-produced,productsthatarenewlycreatedbyartistsorscientistsareoriginallyunique.Justlikeagingwine,aproductofcreativeworkacquiresqualityovertime.Itiscoloredbytheresponseoftheaudienceaswellasbyimitations.Theinitialcircumstancesareareminderofanadmirablebaby.Itisfascinatingforascientistoranartisttowatchtheinteractionoftheircreationwiththeworld,justasitisforparentstowatchtheirchildren.Creativityinartsandsciencesestablishesabackdrop（=background）forhumanexistence,asthecontentitinventsgivespleasureandmeaningtoourlives.Thehumanactofcreationisaninfinite-sumgame,fromwhichallofusbenefit.Andwecanallparticipateinthecreativeprocess.12.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph1?A.Priority. B.Assumption. C.Shift. D.Preference.13.Whatcanbestdescribecreativityinsciencesandarts?A.Ittendstobeforecastable. B.Itmirrorscommonbeliefs.C.Itusuallyleadsthetimes. D.Itenjoysinstantacceptance.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Creativeworkswithstandthetestoftime. B.Mass-produceditemsarepreferable.C.Oldwinecan’tbeputintonewbottles. D.Inventivenessstartsfromchildhood.15.What’sthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toclarifyaconcept. B.Tolaunchanappeal.C.Toofferanentertainment. D.Toadvocatealifestyle.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)Providingfeedback(反馈意见)isanessentialpartofpersonalandcareerdevelopment.16Oneofthemosteffectiveandclassicmethodstomakeiteasierforboththegiverandreceiveristhefeedbacksandwichtechnique,sometimesalsoreferredtoasacompliment(赞美)sandwich.Ifyouareseekingtoenhanceyourcareergrowth,learningaboutthefeedbacksandwichcanbeagame-changer.17Ratherthansimplyfocusingonwhatwentwrong,itensuresthatthepersonreceivingthefeedbackalsoknowswhatwentwell.Theprocesscanbebrokenintothreeparts.Amanagerorsuperiorstartsbyprovidingpositivefeedbacktoencourageapersontocontinuetheirgoodwork.Afterward,theycommunicateconstructivefeedbackforthepersontoimprove.Thisfeedbackaimstobespecific,behavioral,andrelevanttothesituation.18Thefeedbacksandwichtechniqueisahighlyusefulmethod.Itcanhelpsoftentheblowofcriticism.Bystartingandendingwithpositivefeedback,it’seasierfortherecipient（接受者）toreceivetheconstructivecriticismwithoutfeelingattacked.19Asweallknow,criticismisawkward,butwhenyou’regivingpotentiallynegativefeedback,it’seasierwhenyou’realsoservingitupwithtwocompliments.Additionally,itenablesthemeetingoraninteractiontoendonapositivenote.20Manypeopleareknowledgeableaboutthistechnique,whichmightmakeitsoundinsincereorpredictableifnotdonecorrectly.Also,whenfeedbackbecomesaroutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusreducingitsvalue.Hence,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushion（=relieve）thenegative,butshouldbedeliveredsoastoreinforce(=enhance)andencouragegoodperformance.A.It’sessentialtobeawareofitslimitations,though.B.Similarly,itisalsoeasierforthegivertoofferfeedback.C.Themanagerthenendsthefeedbacksessionwithpositivefeedback.D.Thetechniquemayleadtounclearandindirectpersonalcommunication.E.Deliveringconstructivecriticism,however,canbechallengingifnotdonecorrectly.F.Itmaynotbeforeverysituation,butitcanmakenegativefeedbackmoredigestible.G.Thistechniqueinvolvesusingconstructivefeedbackwrappedbetweentwolayersofpositivefeedback.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)I’dbeenexploringthe40-hectarewoodsaroundourcottagemywholelifeandIknewthewaywell.Soitwasa21whenIfoundmyselflostthere.OnedullcoldFebruaryafternoon,Ihadasudden22tohikethehillwithmytwodaughters.Puttingonoursnowshoes,weimmediately23northwestward.Whilemakingourwayupthehill,mydaughtersstoppedoccasionallytoinvestigateunknownplantsandtolookattheabandoneddeerbedsThesereallymadetheir24.Astheshadowsstartedto25,wemovedfurtherup.Soon,weariness(=tiredness)begantooutpace(超过)26.Wedecidedtoreturn.Insteadofbacktrackingoverour27route,Ichosetowalkdownthesteepsideofthehill,28mycommonsensethataheadofuslaythestreamthatwouldguideustotheroad.Butastheterrain(地形)changed,Ihadmyfirstmajormomentof29:Wherewasthestream?Wereweoffcourse?Iinstinctively(本能地)pulledoutmyphonetogetmylocation,butit30inmyhandinthecoldair.31,Istartedfeelingabitpanicky.However,Iquickly32myself,reassuringmydaughterstocontinuewalking.Focusingonthelandmarks,Ispottedafamiliartreeandeventually33theroad.Thatwinter’sdaytaughtmeavaluablelessonabouthabitualrelianceontechnology.Ifmyphonehad34then,ImighthavedirectlyfollowedtheGPS,ignoringtheold35ofdependingonsurroundingsandlifeskills.21.A.challenge B.shock C.reward D.reminder22.A.discovery B.response C.worry D.urge23.A.escaped B.drove C.headed D.looked24.A.reputation B.dream C.day D.way25.A.lengthen B.swing C.emerge D.fade26.A.fuel B.wisdom C.coldness D.enthusiasm27.A.original B.rough C.offbeat D.roundabout28.A.appreciating B.trusting C.envisioning D.assessing29.A.curiosity B.comparison C.doubt D.anticipation30.A.died B.slipped C.flashed D.rang31.A.Reportedly B.Admittedly C.Seemingly D.Surprisingly32.A.exposed B.calmed C.defended D.behaved33.A.gotoff B.laiddown C.cameacross D.madeout34.A.worked B.remained C.changed D.overheated35.A.theory B.standard C.practice D.routine第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheNanjingHongshanForestZoo,oncestrugglingtosustainits36(survive),hasundergonearemarkableturnaround.Ithasbecomeapopulardestination37visitorscanglimpsediverseanimalsandappreciatethebeautyandsignificanceoflife.Themanbehind38U-turnisShenZhijun,ananimalwelfareadvocate.LastAugust,ShentooktotheInternet39(publicize)hisdecade-longreformefforts—acomprehensivecampaigntransformingtheconventionalzoointoaconservation-focusedsanctuary(保护区).Duringhis30-minutespeech40(title)AZoo’sPursuit,Shenshowcasedthesuccessfulchangesthathehadperformed.Afterwitnessingthehelplessandhopelessexpressionsoftheanimals,Shen’steamsetaboutmakingchanges.41(initial),theyremovedanimalshows,whichtraditionallyserveasthefinancialbackboneofzoos.Subsequently,theytransformedthepark’slandscape,cleverlyusingthe42(exist)mountainousterrainofHongshantoreproducethenaturalhabitatsofanimalsinthewild.Plus,theyintroduced“multi-levelvillas”whereanimalsbelongingtothesameecologicalzonebutnotoccupyingthebaseofthefoodchaincan43(house)together,basedontheirecologicalandgeographicaldistribution.Thiszoohasemerged44themostanimal-friendlyzooinChina.Strikingabalancebetweenrespectinganimals’dignityandprovidingvisitorswithenjoyableexperiencesisachallengingtask,45Shen’steamhassuccessfullyachievedit.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你校外教Ryan拟举办英语读书会(EnglishReadingBar)活动,想了解哪类图书更能吸引学生。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐的图书类别；2.推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRyan,Bestregards,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheChampionofNoScoreMaggiehatedTuesdaysTuesdaysmeantgymclass,gymclassmeantpickingteamsandpickingteamsmeantMaggiewouldbepickedlast.Asanewcomer,she’dcomeupwithaspecialtitleforeachclassmatetoremembertheotherkids.TherewasKevin,ChampionoftheCleanDesk,Lynnie,ChampionofKnowingtheAnswerFirstThinkinghard,shefinallydecidedherowntitle:ChampionofQuiet.Maggiefeltblue(=depressed)asTuesdayfellagain.Mr.Murphy,thegymteacher,askedforvolunteercaptainstopicktheirownbasketballteams.Theusualhandsshotintotheair.Maggiesighedandglancedtoherright.ShecaughttheeyeofJasmine,ChampionofAwkward,agirlwhowassometimespickedlast,too.ThenMaggiehadanidea.SowhenMr.Murphyaskedifanyoneelsewantedtovolunteer,Maggiefeltherhandslowlyrise.LookingagainatJasmine,shetookabigbreath.Maybeitwastimeforhertousehervoice.“Maggie?”Mr.Murphysmiled.“Youwantaturn?”“Yes,”shesaid.Theclasswhispered.Maggieleadingateam?“Yes,”sheansweredagain,louderthistime.Mr.MurphywavedMaggietothefront,wheretheotherthreecaptainsChampionofJumpingRope,ChampionofNeverMissesaShot,andChampionofDoesn’tKnowHowtoLosestood,readytochoosetheirteams.“Maggie,yougetfirstpick,”saidMr.Murphy.“Jasmine,”announcedMaggie.Theclasslaughed.Ajoke?Morethanonce,Jasminehadtriedtoscoreonthewrongbasket.Eyeswide,JasminetookherplacebesideMaggie.Theotherthreecaptainscalledoutfamiliarnames—thebestplayersonthebasketballcourt.ItwasMaggie’sturnagain.“IchooseFrank.”Frank(ChampionoftheUntiedShoelace鞋带)couldnotthrow,orcatch.Heknewwhatitfeltliketobethelastpick.Butnottoday.Threeverytalentedteamstookshape.AndthentherewasMaggie’steam.Maggielookedatherteammates.TherestoodJasmineandFrank,plusGillian(ChampionofChatter)andGeorge(ChampionofSleepy).“Ihavechosentheworstteaminthehistoryoftheworld,”Maggiethoughttoherself.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Handinhand,theMaggieteamwalkedontothecourt.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Theydidlosebig,butsomethingpositivebegantounfoldinthem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年高考模拟考试英语试题解析【答案】1.D2.C3.D【文章解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了为了纪念第一次印象派展览150周年而举办的这一艺术趋势的大型回顾展。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Forthe150thanniversaryofthefirstImpressionistexhibition,theMuséed’Orsay,whichhousestheworld’slargestcollectionofthiscurrent,isofferingamajorretrospective(回顾展)ofthisartistictrend.(为了纪念第一次印象派展览150周年，拥有世界上最大的藏品的奥赛博物馆正在举办一场关于这一艺术趋势的大型回顾展)”可知举办该展览是为了纪念第一次印象画派展150周年。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Duringthe40-minuteimmersive(沉浸的)tour,visitorswillspendavirtualeveningwiththefamousimpressionistsandtravelbysteamtraintoBougival,westofParis,wheremanyofthemworked.（在40分钟的沉浸式之旅中，游客们将与著名的印象派画家度过一个虚拟的夜晚，并乘坐蒸汽火车前往巴黎西部的布吉瓦尔，他们中的许多人在那里工作。）”可知，参观者们可以和印象画家们在虚拟时空相遇。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后Guideline部分中“*Theexperienceissuitableforchildrenof11y/oandabove;childrenunder8y/oareprohibited.*Weremindyouthat,inviewofthetechnologyused,virtualrealityexperiencesarenotrecommendedforpeoplewithbalanceorvisiondisorders.*Walkersandmotorizedwheelchairsarenotpermittedinthespace,butmanualwheelchairsareaccepted.（适合11岁及以上儿童，禁止8岁以下儿童。*我们提醒您，鉴于所使用的技术，不建议患有平衡障碍或视力障碍的人使用虚拟现实体验。*不允许步行和电动轮椅，但接受手动轮椅）”，可知D项年龄和手动轮椅都复合要求。故选D项B【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【文章解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者本来厌倦了旅行中肤浅的感动，而想探寻生命中更深刻的东西。但是希腊之旅中与一位普通焊工的邂逅让他发现了生活中质朴的诗意，人间值得存在于普通的生活场景中。【解析】【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Travellingseemedlikefalsehoodtome.IgrewtiredofbackpackersexpressingtoomuchpraiseabouthowpettingababyelephantinThailand“transformed”them.Globe-travelingtomeheldnomorepromisethanfindingafewbillsinthepocketofanoldcoat.（旅行对我来说就像是谎言。我厌倦了背包客对在泰国抚摸一只小象是如何“改变”他们的赞美。对我来说，环球旅行只是在一件旧外套的口袋里找到了几张钞票。）”可知作者厌倦了旅行者对于一些所谓的感动的溢美之词。所以C项“Overstatementoftravel’seffects.（夸大了旅行的影响）”符合题意。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Oneday,Vasilis,myGreekbestfriend,remindedmeofourdecade-oldpromise:afterourfinalexams,IwouldvisithishometowninAthens.Maybe,itwastimetomakegoodonthatpromise.（有一天，我的希腊最好的朋友瓦西里斯让我想起了我们十年来的承诺：期末考试结束后，我要去他的家乡雅典。也许，是时候兑现这个承诺了）”可知作者是为了兑现承诺去希腊旅行。故选A项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文中第六段“Ienviedhispeaceandcontentment.Iadmiredthesimplicityheembodied.Iimaginedthewelderhappy,findingfulfillmentinhiscraftandreturningtohislovingfamilyThemomentmovedmetotears.(我羡慕他的平静和满足。我钦佩他所体现的纯朴。我想象着焊工的快乐，在他的手艺中找到满足，回到他充满爱的家庭。这一刻让我哭了起来。)”可知，作者从这个专注于工作的焊工身上领悟到生活的真谛是平静，满足和简单。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，作者通过描述自己的希腊之旅而领悟到人生之旅的真谛是平凡质朴。此外，根据最后一段中“Irealizetherealjourneyisinward—toappreciatelife’sordinarymagic.（我意识到真正的旅程是内在的——欣赏生活中的普通魔法。）”可知，D项“TheOrdinaryMakesExtraordinary（非凡寓于平凡之中）”复合题意。故选D项。C【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.B【文章解读】本文是说明文。本文讲述了在2022年，美国自然保护协会在堪萨斯州和新墨西哥州的牧场工作牧场推出了两个为期5年的虚拟围栏试点项目，随后说明了虚拟牧场的工作原理以及其对牧场和管理的好处。最后又展望了该项目的前景。【解析】【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第2段中“ApplaudedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureasaclimateadaptionstrategy,virtualfencingisaninnovativetechnologythatenablesrancherstouseasmartphoneorwebapptoremotelymonitorandcontrolwhereandwhencattlegraze(吃草).Virtualfencescanreducetheneedforphysicalfences,whichrequiresignificanttime,expenseandlabortomaintain.（虚拟围栏被美国农业部称赞作为一种气候适应策略，它是一种创新技术，使牧场主能够使用智能手机或网络应用程序远程监控和控制牛放牧的地点和时间（吃草）。虚拟围栏可以减少对物理围栏的需求，物理围栏需要大量的时间、费用和劳动力来维护。）”可知，这一段主要说的是虚拟围栏对气候和管理都有好处。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifthecowproceedstocrosstheboundary,itreceivesamomentarymildshock,signalingthatit’sgonetoofarandshouldrejoinitsgroup.（如果奶牛继续越过边界，它就会受到短暂的轻微电击，这表明它走得太远了，应该重新加入它的团队。）”可知，牛收到轻微电击的时候，就表明它应该返回了。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第3段中“Forecologicalhealth,mostgrasslandecosystemsneedperiodsofdisturbancetoaerate(使透气)thesoil,stimulateplantgrowthandrecyclenutrientsintothesoil.Rancherscompletethisdisturbance-restcyclebymanagingthetiming,location,herdsizeandintensityofgrazingactivities,allofwhichcanbetime-consumingandpainstaking.（为了保持生态健康，大多数草地生态系统需要一段时间的干扰来使土壤通气，刺激植物生长和将养分循环到土壤中。牧场主通过管理放牧活动的时间、位置、牧群规模和强度来完成这个干扰-休息周期，所有这些都可能是耗时和艰苦的。）”可知要完成这个周期需要大量地努力。故选A项。【11题详解】观点态度题。文章最后一段中“Currently,thecostsofvirtualfencingarestillhigh,butinthelongrunitcanhelplandmanagersbettercarryoutmanagementpracticesthatregeneratelandhealth,helpaddressclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss,（目前，虚拟围栏的成本仍然很高，但从长远来看，它可以帮助土地管理者更好地实施管理实践，恢复土地健康，有助于解决气候变化和生物多样性的损失，）”可知，作者既提到了虚拟牧场的优点，还提到了它费用高昂的缺点，所以作者的对该项目的态度是客观的。故选B项。D【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【文章解读】本文是论说文。本文以一场作者和艺术家的对话引入话题，提出了艺术创新和科学创新的相似性。随后作者就两种创新的超前性展开论述并举例说明。此外，这两种创新都在岁月的沉淀中历久弥香。最后作者呼吁人们都可以参与到有益的创新中来。【解析】【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Priortotheseconversations,Iwasonthereceiving(andadmiring)endoftheirartisticwork,butnowtheywerecuriousaboutmyownresearchasascientist.（在这些对话之前，我正在接受（并欣赏）他们的艺术作品，但现在他们对我自己作为一名科学家的研究感到好奇。）”可知，以前是我欣赏艺术家的作品，现在是他们品评我的作品，从而进行了角色互换。所以reverse指的是转换。A.Priority:优先权 B.Assumption假定. C.Shift.变换 D.Preference.偏好。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Insciencesandartsalike,creativityappearsmagicallyasanunpredictablefountainofinspirationfromthesubconscious(潜意识).Itsunexpectedcontentbreaksroutineswithintraditionalthinking.Itdeliverssomething.newthatisdistinctfromcommonpractices,oftentakingpeopleoutoftheircomfortzonebecauseitisaheadofitstime.（在科学和艺术中，创造力神奇地表现为来自潜意识的不可预测的灵感源泉。它意想不到的内容打破了传统思维中的常规思维。它提供了一些新的东西，不同于常见的做法，经常让人们走出他们的舒适区，因为它超前于它的时代）”可知最能描述艺术于科学创新特征的说法是超前于时代。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Justlikeagingwine,aproductofcreativeworkacquiresqualityovertime.（就像陈酿葡萄酒一样，创造性工作的产品会随着时间的推移而获得质量。）”可知，创新产品要经过一段时间才能显现其品质，要经受时间的检验。故选A项。【15题详解】作者意图题。根据最后一段中“Creativityinartsandsciencesestablishesabackdropforhumanexistence,asthecontentitinventsgivespleasureandmeaningtoourlives.Thehumanactofcreationisaninfinite-sumgame,fromwhichallofusbenefit.Andwecanallparticipateinthecreativeprocess.（艺术和科学的创造力为人类的生存奠定了背景，因为它创造的内容给我们的生活快乐和意义。人类的创造行为是一个无限和博弈，我们所有人都从中受益。我们都可以参与到创造性的过程中来。）”最后一句，作者提出我们都可以参与创新，提出了呼吁号召。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.A【文章解读】本文是一篇关于如何提出反馈的议论文。作者提出三明治式“赞扬+建设性意见+赞扬”的反馈评价方法，这让反馈方更有效率而接受反馈方不那么难堪，更容易接受建议。【解析】【16题详解】文章第一段要引入主题。16题前一句是“Providingfeedbackisanessentialpartofpersonalandcareerdevelopment.（提供反馈是个人和职业发展的重要组成部分。）”而后面一句“Oneofthemosteffectiveandclassicmethodstomakeiteasierforboththegiverandreceiveristhefeedbacksandwichtechnique,sometimesalsoreferredtoasacompliment(赞美)sandwich.（最有效和最经典的方法之一，使给予者和接收者都更容易的是反馈三明治技术，有时也被称为赞美三明治）。”因此第16题要提出反馈的方法和有效性问题。因此E项“Deliveringconstructivecriticism,however,canbechallengingifnotdonecorrectly.（然而，如果做得不正确，发表建设性的批评可能是一个挑战。）”符合要求。故选E项。【17题详解】第二段主要解释什么是赞美三明治。17题前一句“Ifyouareseekingtoenhanceyourcareergrowth,learningaboutthefeedbacksandwichcanbeagame-changer.（如果你想促进你的职业发展，学习反馈三明治可以改变游戏规则）”提出要了解赞美三明治，后面文中“Ratherthansimplyfocusingonwhatwentwrong,itensuresthatthepersonreceivingthefeedbackalsoknowswhatwentwell.（它不是简单地关注哪里出了错，而是确保收到反馈的人也知道哪里做得好。）”可知，三明治式赞美技术是不仅包括批评也包括赞扬的。故G项“Thistechniqueinvolvesusingconstructivefeedbackwrappedbetweentwolayersofpositivefeedback.（这种技术涉及