Unit-4-单元话题七选五专项练习-高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题

Unit4单元话题七选五专项练习

（名校最新真题）

（2022•辽宁•高一期末）Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.

Therearemanykindsofdisasters,withwidedistribution,highfrequencyandheavylosses.Inthebackgroundof

globalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.]ItmakesChinafaceevenmuch

severeandcomplexsituation.Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warnings

andinstructionsaregivetothepublic.2Lefshavealook.

Fire

Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.3Rollonthegroundifyoufindyourclothesonfire.

Itistoodangeroustotaketheelevatorinthissituation,soitisbettertouseabundleofropeandsafelyslidedown

fromthebalcony.Jumpingoffthebuildingblindlywillcauseseriousinjuries.

Mud-rockflow

Rainstormmaycausemud-rockflow,anifsreallydangeroustostaydownstream.Whenyoutrytoescape

fromit,insteadofgoingalongthebottomoftheditch,itismuchwisertoclimbupthemountainhorizontallyquickly.

Pleaseescapefromditchwhenselectingcampingfield.Ifsimportanttochecktheweatherwhengoingintothe

mountain

Flood

4Wecoulduseawoodenbedortabletomakearaftandtieittoabigtreewithasafety,rope.We

havetopreparefoodandwarmclothestogetthroughit.

Lightningstrike

Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.5Ofcourse,youalsoshouldstayaway

fromirontowerpoles.Weneedtopayattentiontoitevenwhenwestayathome.Closethedoors,windowsandcut

offthepower.

A.Cutoffthepowerandshutoffwatersources.

B.Pleasedon'tstandunderthetreeinsuchkindofweather.

C.Trytofindahigherplace,butstayingonaroofisn'tagoodchoice.

D.Firstyouneedtotakeshelter,thenfindagapunderthetableorbed.

E.LossescausedbynaturaldisasterinChinaarecontinuouslyincreasing.

F.Theyalsoplayapartinpopularizetheknowledgeandself-rescueskills.

G.Inthatcase,pleasecoveryournoseandyourmouthwithawettowel.

（2022•辽宁•高一期末）In2004,atsunami（海啸）aroundtheIndianOceankilledatleast25000peopleacross

adozencountries.Thehugedeathwasinpartcausedbythefactthatmanycommunitiesreceivednowarming.

6

Yetintheminutesandhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimals

seemedtosensethecomingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickens

abandonedlow-lyingnestingareas7.Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspired

someresearcherstodevoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhich

canpredicttheupcomingnaturaldisasters.

Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbeforean

earthquake.8Justtwoweeksbeforetheearthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations（扰动）happenedin

localatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofourminutes.

ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuchcloser

totheground-specifically,snakes."9"JiangWeisong,thedirectoroftheorganizationsaid.t4Whenan

earthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.

10.Andeveniftheydohelp,animalmovementsaloneareunlikelytobeenoughtoprovide.People

willneedtorelyonacombinationofearlywarningsignalstogetthefullpicture.

A.Evendogsrefusedtogooutdoors

B.Snakesareperhapsthemostsensitivecreaturestoearthquakes

C.Localmanmadeearlywarningsystemsfailedtoraiseanyclearalarm

D.Someanimalswillmakenoisetotellthehumanbeingsoftheaccident

E.Andscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocalanimalbehavior

F.Finallyweshouldmakefulluseoftheanimalearlywarningsystemsinscientificresearch

G.Notallexpertsthinkthatanimalearlywarningsystemsareareliableoptionforpredictingdisasters

（2022广西河池•高一期末）Unlikehurricanesorfloods,earthquakeshappenwithoutwarningandareusually

followedbysimilaraftershocks,althoughtheaftershocksareusuallylesspowerfulthanthequake.Ifyoufind

yourselfinthemiddleofanearthquake,there'softenonlyashorttimetodecidewhattodo.11

•Droptotheground.Thedrop,cover,andholdontechniqueisthecousinofthefamous"stop,dropandroll”

forfires.Whileifsnottheonlymethodofprotectingyourselfindoorsduringanearthquake,itisthepreferred

methodoftheRedCross.Bigearthquakesoccurwithoutmuch,ifany,warning.12Asmallearthquakecould

turnintoabigearthquakeinasplit-second;it'sbettertobesafethansorry.

•Takecover.Getunderafirmtableorotherpieceoffurniture.13Ifthereisn'tatableordesknear

you,coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcrouch（蜷缩）inaninsidecomerofthebuilding.

•Holdon.14Holdontowhateversurfaceorplatformyou'vegottenunderandwaitfortheshakingto

stop.Ifyouwereunabletofindasurfacetohideunder,continuetokeepyourheadprotectedbyyourarmsand

tucked（躲藏，隐藏）downlow.

•15Researchershaveshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopletrytochangetheplaceofhiding

orwhentheplaceiscrowdedandeveryonehasagoaltogetoutsidesafe.

A.Stayinsideuntilifssafetogetout.

B.Inthatcase,movetothenearestsafeplace.

C.Stairsaredangerousplacestowalkduringanearthquake.

D.Soit'srecommendedthatyoudroptothefloorassoonasithits.

E.Ifpossible,stayawayfromwindowsandanythingthatcouldfall.

F.Thegroundmaybeshakingandpiecesofwoodorbrickcouldbefalling.

G.Studyingthefollowingadvicecouldbethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

（2022•山东•青岛城阳京华学校高一期末）Atsunamiisaseriesofhugewavesthatcankillmanypeople

anddestroyawholecountry.AterribletsunamidisasterhappenedonDecember26,2004.16Itissaid

thatitmightnotbetheworstandafuturetsunamiintheIndianOceancouldaffectSingapore,Somalia,Western

Australia,andmanyotherplaces.

Theword“tsunami“comesfromJapanesewords.Atsunamicanbecausedbynaturalphenomenonsuchas

landslides,volcaniceruptions,largeasteroidimpacts（小行星撞击地球），andearthquakesoccurringunderwateror

closetoabodyofwater.17

Atsunamiusuallycannotbeseenwhileittravelsthroughdeepwater.18OnDecember26,2004,

somepeoplesawtheseasuddenlydisappearedjustbeforethewavescameandknewthatsomethingwaswrong.

Somepeoplemanagedtorunfastfromitandsurvived,butmanypeople,whodidnotseeanysignsordidnotrun

fastenough,died.

19Ifyouareinacoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback,theonlychanceofsurvivalis

torunforhighgroundorforthehighfloorsofhigh-risebuildings.Butbecauseitmovestoofastforpeopletorun

fromit,onlythosewhoareluckymanagetosurvive.

Sincethetsunamiof2004,manypeopleknowmoreabouttsunami.20

A.Theeventforcedofficialstodevelopabettertsunamiwarningsystem.

B.Itcouldalsobecausedbynuclearweaponsthatareexplodedatsea.

C.Ittravelsfastunderwater,sometimesuptoabout1,000kilometersperhour.

D.Thenexttimeatsunamistrikes,hopefullymorepeoplewillbeabletosurvive.

E.TsunamiisaJapanesewordforaharmfuloceanwavecausedbyanunderseaearthquake.

F.Asatsunamigetsclosetotheshore,itbecomesaseriesofwavesupto150metershigh.

G.Onthatday,ahugetsunamisweptthroughtheIndianOceankillingabout300,000people.

（2022•陕西商洛•高一期末）Theaftermath（后果）ofanearthquakecanbehorrible,butitisimportantthat

youareattentiveandfocusedafteranearthquakehappens.Fires,gasleaks,andinjuriesarealldangersyoumight

faceafteranearthquake.21Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocal

authorities,yourchancesofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.

Checkyourselfforinjuries.22Ifyou'rebleeding,liftyourinjuryupandputpressureonit.Ifyour

injuryisserious,callforhelpusingacellphoneortrytogetrescuers5attention.

23Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan'tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyon

somethingnearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.

Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.24Soyoushould

preparetomovetoasafelocation,likeanopenoutdoorspaceorastructurallysoundbuilding.

Exitthebuildingandgotoasaferplaceoncetheshakinghasstopped.Thestructureofthebuildingyou'rein

mayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.25

A.Signalforhelpifyouaretrapped.

B.Theycancausesignificantdamage.

C.Remaincalmastheearthquakeoccurs.

D.Themorepreparedyouare,thesaferyou511be.

E.Makesureyou'renotseriouslyhurtbeforeyoudoanything.

F.Aftertheearthquake,youmustgetmedicaltreatmentintime.

G.Therefore,youshouldleaveassoonaspossibleincaseofanyaftershocks.

（2022•海南•嘉积中学高一期末）Itisimpossibletostopahurricaneormakeitchangeitsway,soifyouever

findyourselfinthepathofahurricane,26,

Besureyouhaveabattery-poweredradio,full-chargedmobilephones,freshdrinkingwaterandasupplyof

food.27.besureyouhavefullsupply.

Tellneighbors,friendsandfamilymembersyouremergencyplans.Tellthemwhereyou'llgoifyouneedto

leaveyourhome.

Ifyouliveneartheocean,inlow-lyingarea,orinamobilehome,28・Youcouldstaywithafriend

orfamilymemberinaninlandhotelormotel,orinanemergencyshelterarea.

Keeplisteningtotheradioifahurricaneisapproaching.Iflocalauthoritiesinstructyoutoevacuate,doit

immediately.29Iftheelectricitygoesout,thefuelpumpsatgasstationswillnotwork.

30.Youcouldbeseriouslyinjuredifyougooutside.

Youshouldalwaystakegoodcareofyourpetsandkeepthemindoorsduringastorm.Ifyouhavetoevacuate

yourhome,rememberthatpetsarenotallowedinmostemergencysheltersandhotelrooms.

A.Stayinsideduringthestorm.

B.Leaveyourhomeandtravelinlandtoasafeplace.

C.Beforeahurricanearrives,besureyourfamily'scarisfilledwithfuel.

D.Besuretofollowthesafetytipsbelow

E.Also,ifanyoneofyourfamilyneedsspecialmedicine

F.Keepcalmduringthestorm.

G.Headforasaferplaceandstayindoors.

（2021•甘肃•嘉峪关市第一中学高一期中）Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.

31Inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrike（击中）peopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.

Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedat

once.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.

32Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson'schancesofbeingstruck

bylightningare1in600,000.33

Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:

*Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.

*Don'tstandnearthewindows.

*Don'ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.

*Neverusethephone.34

Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors:

*35.Ifthere9snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.

*Donotgounderatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.

*Neveruseacellphone.

A.Trytogethomeassoonaspossible.

B.Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon'ttakethemseriously.

C.Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou.

D.Infact,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear.

E.Butyoucanreduce（减少）thosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules.

F.Butitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightning.

G.Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway.

（2022・全国•高一单元测试）Swimsafely!

Swimmingisgreatexercise,andatriptoapoolorbeachisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriendsinsummer.

36.soifsimportanttostaysafeasyoudoit.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotoswimsafely.

37.Don'tswimunlessthereisalifeguardatwork.Ifyou'reonabeachneartheocean,thisis

especially.Insomeplacesfast-flowingwatercanmoveswimmersawaywithoutwarning.Soifasignsays"no

swimming”,payattentiontoit.

Becarefulwhendiving（跳入）intothewaterheadfirst.38.Innaturalwater,don'tdiveunlessyou

knowthatthewaterisdeepenough.Oryoucouldhurtyourheadonthebottom,causinginjuryordeath.

Aroundwater,adultsshouldwatchchildrenatalltimestomakesuretheyaresafe.Thosewhodon'tknowhow

toswimshouldwearlifejackets.Butbythemselvestheyarenotenough,soanadultshouldalwaysbepresent.If

youhavetorescueachildfromdrowning（淹）,afewsecondscanmakeabigdifference.

Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.39■thatpersoncanmakesureyouget

help.

Drinkalotwater.Thesun'sheatandthephysicalactivitymaymakeyousweat（出汗）morethanyourealize.

Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimtimeissafeaswellasfun.40!

A.Thatwayifsomethinggoeswrong

B.Nowgetoutthere,andenjoythewater

C.Swimonlyinareassetapartforswimming

D.Makesureeveryoneinyourfamilyswimwell

E.Butsometimesswimmingcanalsobeverydangerous

F.Mostpoolshavemarkeddeependswheredivingissafe

G.Manychildrenwhodrowninhomepoolswereoutofsightwithinminutes

参考答案：

1.E2.F3.G4.C5.B

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。

1.前文“Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.（在全球气

候变化的背景下，重大自然灾害时有发生）”以及后文"ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandcomplex

situation.（这使中国面临更加严峻和复杂的形势广故E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有

许多自然灾害，损失不断增加引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形式。故选E项。

2.前文“Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructions

aregivetothepublic.（为了提高防灾意识，最大限度地减少损失，政府向公众发出警告和指示）”故F项“他

们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与前文为并列关系。故选F项。

3.前文“Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.（当火灾发生时，烟雾威胁最大）”故G项"那样的话，

请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。

4.结合小标题“Flood（洪水）”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但

是呆在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。故选C项。

5.前文“Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.（在阴天和雨天，可能会发生雷击）“故B项

“在这样的天气里，请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。

6.C7.A8.E9.B10.G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。在发生自然灾害时，动物会出现一些异常行为进行预警，我们应该关注动物发

出的灾害警告。

6.设空处位于段末，上文主要讲了印度洋发生的海啸造成了重大损失，下文第二段首句“Yetintheminutes

andhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimalsseemedtosensethe

comingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.”出现转折，提到了灾难爆发前，一些动物感觉到了危险，由此可知上

文段末句应与本句对应，与"动物预警”对应的应该是"人的预警"。C项"Localmanmadeearlywarningsystems

failedtoraiseanyclearalarm.（当地的人工预警系统未能发出清晰的警报。）”一方面与上文提到的灾难对应，

另一方面“manmadeearlywarningsystem”与下文的"animalsseemedtosensethecomingdanger”对应。故选C

项。

7.上文“Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickensabandonedlow-lyingnestingareas."提至!]了大象和鸡在灾

难发生前的反应；下文“Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspiredsomeresearchersto

devoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhichcanpredictthe

upcomingnaturaldisasters.”提到了这些动物在灾难发生前的行为引起了研究人员的关注，属于总结性的话

语，由此可推知，中间还提到一类动物的反应。A项“Evendogsrefiisedtogooutdoors.（就连狗也不愿出门。）”

恰好与上文存在递进关系。故选A项。

8.上文“Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbefore

anearthquake.”提到了研究人员发现地震前一些家畜会出现异常行为。下文“Justtwoweeksbeforethe

earthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations（扰动）happenedinlocalatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofour

minutes.”提到了地震发生前两周，当地大气电荷每两到四分钟就会发生强烈扰动，这是在分析动物行为异

常的原因，故前后之间需要一个过渡句。E项"Andscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocal

animalbehavior.（科学家们还发现了可能导致当地动物行为变化的原因。）”中的"Andscientistsalsofound”与

上文“scientistsfbund”对应，"whatmightleadtothechanges”与下文的内容对应。故选E项。

9.上文“ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuch

closertotheground-specifically,snakes.”提到了中国建立了地震预警系统，监测动物，尤其是蛇的行为；下

文“Whenanearthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.”提至（J了蛇在地震发

生前的特殊行为；由此可知，设空处还是在谈与蛇有关的事。B项“Snakesareperhapsthemostsensitive

creaturestoearthquakes.（蛇可能是对地震最敏感的生物。）”与上下文对应。故选B项。

10.设空处位于段首，故需具有统领下文的作用。下文“Andeveniftheydohelp,animalmovementsaloneare

unlikelytobeenoughtoprovide.Peoplewillneedtorelyonacombinationofearlywarningsignalstogetthefull

picture.”提到了即使动物预警有帮助，但仅仅依靠动物运动来预警也不够，人类也需要依靠预警信号充分掌

握具体情况。由此可推知，前面应该是提到有些人怀疑动物预警的可靠性。G项“Notallexpertsthinkthat

animalearlywarningsystemsareareliableoptionforpredictingdisasters.（并非所有专家都认为动物早期预警系

统是预测灾害的可靠选择）”恰好与下文具体内容对应。故选G项。

11.G12.D13.E14.F15.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几条地震时该如何反应的建议。

11.上文“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofanearthquake,there?softenonlyashorttimetodecidewhattodo.（如

果你发现自己身处地震之中，通常只有很短的时间来决定该做什么）''说明身处地震中，决定该做什么的时

间很短，G项“研究以下建议可能是生与死的区别。”承接上文，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选G。

12.本段标题句“Droptotheground.（卧倒在地上）”说明本段给出的建议是卧倒在地，D项中droptothefloor

是关键短语，D项“所以建议地震一发生你就卧倒在地。”符合本段主旨。故选D。

13.本段标题句“Takecover.（躲起来）”说明本段给出的建议是躲起来，以及上文“Getunderafirmtableorother

pieceoffurniture.（躲到坚硬的桌子或其他家具下面）”说明躲起来时应注意的事项，E项“如果可能的话，远

离窗户和任何可能坠落的物体。”继续介绍躲起来时的注意事项，符合题意。故选E。

14.下文“Holdontowhateversurfaceorplatformyou'vegottenunderandwaitfortheshakingtostop.（固守你已

经到达的任何表面或平台下边，等待震动停止）”说明要待在相对安全的地方，等待震动停止，F项“地面可

能会晃动，木块或石专块可能会掉落。”解释下文动作的原因，符合题意。故选F。

15.下文“Researchershaveshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopletrytochangetheplaceofhidingorwhen

theplaceiscrowdedandeveryonehasagoaltogetoutsidesafe.（研究人员已经表明，大多数伤害发生在人们试

图改变躲藏地点，或当这个地方很拥挤，每个人都有一个目标，以安全逃出的时候）”说明大多数伤害发生

在人们试图改变躲藏的地点或者每个人都想出去时，A项“待在里面，直到出去是安全的。”说明在确认安

全之前待在里面，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选A。

16.G17.B18.C19.F20.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是海啸这种自然灾害。

16.空前说"AterribletsunamidisasterhappenedonDecember26,2004.（2004年12月26日发生了一场可怕的

海啸灾难。）”，空后说"Itissaidthatitmightnotbetheworst（据说这可能不是最糟糕的）”，因此空格处应该

说2004年12月26日的海啸所导致的严重后果，G选项“Onthatday,ahugetsunamisweptthroughtheIndian

Oceankillingabout300,000people」那天，一场巨大的海啸席卷了印度洋，造成30万人死亡。）”说明了前面

描述的海啸的严重后果，因此符合语境，故选G。

17.空前说“Atsunamicanbecausedbynaturalphenomenonsuchaslandslides,volcaniceruptions,largeasteroid

impacts（小彳亍星撞击地球），andearthquakesoccurringunderwaterorclosetoabodyofwater.（海啸可能是由自

然现象引起的，如山体滑坡、火山爆发、大型小行星撞击以及发生在水下或水体附近的地震。）”，B选项

“Itcouldalsobecausedbynuclearweaponsthatareexplodedatsea.（它也可能是由在海上爆炸的核武器引起

的。）"中的"couldalsobecausedby”和前面的"canbecausedby”相呼应，说明了导致海啸的另外的原因，因

此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。

18.空后说"OnDecember26,2004,somepeoplesawtheseasuddenlydisappearedjustbeforethewavescame

andknewthatsomethingwaswrong.（2004年12月26日，在海浪到来，人们知道出事之前，一些人看到大

海突然消失了。）“，说明海啸的速度很快，C选项“Ittravelsfastunderwater,sometimesuptoabout1,000

kilometersperhour.（它在水下的速度很快，有时可以达到每小时1000公里。广说明了海啸的速度很快，和

后文内容承接，符合语境，故选C。

19.空后说“Ifyouareinacoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback,theonlychanceofsurvivalistorun

forhighgroundorforthehighfloorsofhigh-risebuildings4如果你在水突然退来的沿海地区，唯一的生存机会

是跑向高地或高层建筑的高层。）“，F选项"Asatsunamigetsclosetotheshore,itbecomesaseriesofwavesup

to150metershigh.（当海啸靠近海岸时，它会形成一系列高达150米的海浪。户中的“getsclosetotheshore^^

和后文的"acoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback”相呼应，说明了海啸引起的浪很巨大，且和后

文的"theonlychanceofsurvivalistorun”相呼应，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。

20.空前说"Sincethetsunamiof2004,manypeopleknowmoreabouttsunami.（自从2004年的海啸之后，很多

人对海啸有了更多的了解。）”，空后应说人们更多地了解海啸将会有什么好处，D选项“Thenexttimea

tsunamistrikes,hopefullymorepeoplewillbeabletosurvive.（下次海啸来袭时，希望有更多的人能够幸存。）”

说明了作者希望人们更多地了解海啸，好找到方法幸存，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。

21.D22.E23.A24.B25.G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地震后应该注意的危险以及应采取的自救方式。

21.下文“Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocalauthorities,yourchances

ofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.（通过评估您所在位置的安全性并遵循地方当局

的指示，您在地震后幸存的几率将大大提高）”说明如果提前做准备，那么地震后幸存的几率会更高，D项

“你准备得越充分，就越安全。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。

22.上文“Checkyourselfforinjuries.（检查自己是否受伤）”说明需要检查自己的身体状况，E项“在你做任何

事情之前，确保你没有受到严重伤害。”进一步说明要先检查自己身体是否受伤，然后才能采取行动，符合

题意。故选E。

23.下文“Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan'tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyonsomething

nearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.（如果你有手机，请用手机打电话求救。如果你不能使用电话，试着大声敲打附

近的东西，直到救援人员找到你）”说明要采取方式发出求救信号，A项“如果你被困，发出求救信号。”引

出下文，符合题意。故选A。

24.上文“Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.（余震是继主震之后

发生的较小地震）”说明地震之后还可能发生余震，B项中They指代上文中的余震，B项“它们可能会造成

重大损害。”说明余震的危害性，承接上文，符合题意。故选B。

25.上文“Thestructureofthebuildingyou9reinmayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.（你所在的大

楼的结构可能已经被主震削弱了）”说明地震后大楼变得不安全，G项“因此，你应该尽可能快地离开以防有

任何余震发生。”说明应该采取的正确方式，符合题意。故选G。

26.D27.E28.B29.C30.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些在飓风发生时需要遵循的安全提示。

26.卞艮据上文“Itisimpossibletostopahurricaneormakeitchangeitsway,soifyoueverfindyourselfinthepath

ofahurricane（阻止飓风或改变它的方式是不可能的，所以如果你发现自己正处于飓风的路径上）”和下文的

大概内容可知这一句可作为文章的中心句，放在首段的最后一句，引出下文的内容。D项：Besuretofollow

thesafetytipsbelow（一定要遵循下面的安全提示）符合语境。故选D。

27.卞艮据上文“Besureyouhaveabattery-poweredradio,full-chargedmobilephones,freshdrinkingwateranda

supplyoffood.（确保你有一个电池供电的收音机，充满电的手机，新鲜的饮用水和充足的食物。）”和下文

ctbesureyouhavefullsupply（保证你有足够的供应）”可知，前句有Besureyouhave...,后句也是besureyou

havefullsupply（保证你有足够的供应），是进一步阐述发生的需要供应充足的情况，所以E选项中的Also

连接适当，另外在危机中，什么情况下保证有足够供应呢？当然是需要药物的时候。E项：Also,ifanyone

ofyourfamilyneedsspecialmedicine（还有，如果你家里有人需要特殊药物）符合语境。故选E。

28.根据上文“Ifyouliveneartheocean,inlow-lyingarea,orinamobilehome（如果你住在海边，低洼地区，

或者住在活动房）“和下文"Youcouldstaywithafriendorfamilymemberinaninlandhotelormotel,orinan

emergencyshelterarea.（你可以和朋友或家人一起住在内陆的酒店或汽车旅馆，或在紧急避难所。）”可知，前

文说如果你住在海边、低处或移动的房子，后文接着说你得和朋友或家人待在内陆inland的宾馆等地方，

所以自然中间也是要离开去到安全的地方。B项：Leaveyourhomeandtravelinlandtoasafeplace（离开你的

家，到内陆一个安全的地方旅行）符合语境。故选B。

29.根据上文“Iflocalauthoritiesinstructyoutoevacuate,doitimmediately.（如果当地政府指示疏散，请立即

撤离。）"和下文"Iftheelectricitygoesout,thefuelpumpsatgasstationswillnotwork.（如果停电，加油站的油

泵就无法工作。）”可知，上文说如果当地权威部门让你撤离，赶紧撤离。下文是如果没电了，汽油站是没

法加油（fuel）的，因此可知撤离之前，趁飓风来之前，赶紧加“fUel"。C项：Beforeahurricanearrives,be

sureyourfamily'scarisfilledwithfuel.（在飓风到来之前，确保你家里的车装满了燃料。）符合语境。故选C。

30.空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Youcouldbeseriouslyinjuredifyougooutside.（如果你出去，你可能会受

重伤。）”可知，本段主要建议刮风的时候要待在屋里。A项：Stayinsideduringthestorm.（暴风雨期间呆在

室内。）符合语境。故选A。

31.B32.D33.E34